Tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment comprises a plurality of reflecting sheets, a laser range finder, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the reflector plates are correspondingly arranged at the plurality of measuring points; the laser range finder is matched with the reflector plate to obtain position characteristic data of the measuring point; the data acquisition module is in signal connection with the laser range finder so as to record and transmit position characteristic data; the data processing module is in signal connection with the data acquisition module to calculate position characteristic data to obtain arch crown sinkage and haunch convergence; in addition, the laser range finder comprises a cradle head capable of rotating horizontally and a laser emitting end arranged above the cradle head, and the laser emitting end can rotate vertically. By adopting the tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment, the laser range finder can synchronously perform vault subsidence measurement and haunch convergence measurement, and the measurement efficiency is high; and the equipment can replace manual recording and calculation analysis of measurement personnel in the traditional operation, so that the data processing is efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring and measurement, in particular to a tunnel monitoring and measurement device. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel operations, real-time monitoring and analysis are required to ensure construction safety and quality. Through monitoring and measurement, key issues such as surrounding rock stability and support structure stress conditions can be discovered in a timely manner to provide a basis for taking corresponding measures and avoid safety accidents. At the same time, monitoring and measurement can also optimize construction processes and methods, improve construction efficiency, and reduce costs. Therefore, tunnel construction monitoring and measurement is an important means to ensure the smooth progress of tunnel construction.

[0003] At present, vault settlement and peripheral convergence are key monitoring and measurement items. The measurement of vault settlement is generally carried out using a precision level; the measurement of peripheral convergence is carried out by burying measuring piles symmetrically on the walls on both sides of the tunnel and using a convergence meter. The point measurement method of pre-buried measuring points is mainly carried out accurately by cooperating with a total station and reflective stickers.

[0004] However, the above measurement method has the following technical problems: the measurement efficiency is low, the measurement of the arch sinking and the surrounding convergence cannot be carried out simultaneously, resulting in a slow measurement speed; the data processing is cumbersome, and the data obtained by the total station and the convergence measurement in the traditional measurement method need to be processed to obtain accurate measurement results. The data processing process is relatively cumbersome and requires the use of professional software for calculation and analysis. To this end, the utility model aims to provide a tunnel monitoring and measurement device to overcome the technical problems described in the above prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the technical problems described in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a tunnel monitoring and measuring device.

[0006] The utility model provides a tunnel monitoring and measuring device, comprising:

[0007] A plurality of reflective sheets, which are correspondingly arranged at a plurality of measuring points;

[0008] A laser rangefinder, which cooperates with the reflector to obtain position feature data of the measuring point;

[0009] A data acquisition module, which is connected to the laser rangefinder signal to record and transmit the position feature data;

[0010] A data processing module, which is connected to the data acquisition module by signal, so as to calculate the position characteristic data to obtain the amount of arch crown settlement and arch waist convergence;

[0011] The laser rangefinder includes a horizontally rotatable pan-tilt platform and a laser emitting end disposed above the pan-tilt platform, and the laser emitting end can realize vertical rotation.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the laser rangefinder includes a first driving mechanism for horizontal rotation of the pan / tilt head, which has a first motor inside; and a first driving mechanism for vertical rotation of the laser emitting end, which has a second motor inside.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment sets up several groups of measuring sections at intervals in the tunnel, and the intervals are 5-10m.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, any of the measurement sections includes a crown measuring point, a left waist measuring point and a right waist measuring point.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the position feature data includes a first distance between the laser rangefinder and the arch top measuring point, and a first angle between the laser rangefinder and the arch top measuring point on the Z axis; and a second distance between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points, a second angle between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the X axis, a third angle between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the Y axis, and a fourth angle between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the Z axis.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the laser rangefinder performs measurement every 6 hours in a measurement operation.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the installation positions of the plurality of reflective sheets are determined by adjusting the angle of the laser rangefinder.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment further includes a control module, which controls the operation of the laser rangefinder, the data acquisition module and the data processing module when executed.

[0019] In summary, the utility model has the following technical effects:

[0020] The utility model discloses a tunnel monitoring and measuring device, which includes a plurality of reflective sheets, a laser rangefinder, a data acquisition module and a data processing module. Among them, the reflective sheets are correspondingly arranged at a plurality of measuring points; the laser rangefinder cooperates with the reflective sheets to obtain the position characteristic data of the measuring points; the data acquisition module is connected to the laser rangefinder signal to record and transmit the position characteristic data; the data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module signal to calculate the position characteristic data to obtain the amount of arch crown sinking and arch waist convergence; in addition, the laser rangefinder includes a horizontally rotatable pan-tilt and a laser emitting end arranged above the pan-tilt, and the laser emitting end can realize vertical rotation. The above-mentioned tunnel monitoring and measuring device has the following technical advantages: 1. The laser rangefinder can simultaneously perform arch crown sinking measurement and arch waist convergence measurement, and the measurement efficiency is high; 2. The laser rangefinder, the data acquisition module and the data processing module are connected by signal to realize rapid data transmission and processing, replacing the manual recording and calculation analysis of measurement personnel in traditional operations, so as to make data processing efficient. Therefore, compared with the existing tunnel monitoring and measurement technology, the tunnel monitoring and measurement equipment provided by the utility model has obvious technical advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser rangefinder provided in some embodiments;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of vault subsidence measurement provided by some embodiments;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of measuring the convergence of the arch waist provided by some embodiments;

[0025] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0026] 1-laser rangefinder, 11-pan head, 111-first motor, 12-laser emitting end, 121-second motor, 13-outer shell, 2-arch top measuring point, 3-arch waist measuring point, 4-data acquisition module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in this embodiment to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in this embodiment. The embodiment described in this article is only for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Therefore, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made to this embodiment without departing from the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more associated listed items. Unless otherwise specified or explained, the terms "connection", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] Further, in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directional words described in the present embodiment are described at the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the present embodiment. It should also be understood that in the context, when it is mentioned that an element or feature is connected to another element (one or more), it can not only be directly connected to the other (one or more) elements, but also indirectly connected to the other (one or more) elements through an intermediate element.

[0030] Before introducing the technical solution of the utility model, it is necessary to explain the creation background of the invention of the utility model. It is common that, at present, the arch subsidence and peripheral convergence are key monitoring and measurement items. The arch subsidence measurement generally adopts the precision level method; the peripheral convergence measurement is to bury the measuring piles symmetrically on the walls of both sides of the tunnel, and use the convergence meter for measurement. The point measurement method of the pre-embedded measuring points is mainly carried out by cooperating with the total station and reflective stickers for accurate measurement. However, there are the following technical problems in the above measurement methods: the measurement efficiency is low, the arch subsidence measurement and the peripheral convergence measurement cannot be carried out simultaneously, resulting in a slow measurement speed; the data processing is cumbersome, and the data obtained by the total station and the convergence meter in the traditional measurement method need to be processed to obtain accurate measurement results. The data processing process is relatively cumbersome and requires the use of professional software for calculation and analysis.

[0031] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned difficulties, the utility model aims to provide a tunnel monitoring and measuring device to overcome the technical problems described in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0032] See also Figure 1The exemplary embodiment of the utility model proposes a tunnel monitoring and measuring device. It includes a plurality of reflective sheets, a laser rangefinder 1, a data acquisition module 4 and a data processing module. Among them, the reflective sheets are correspondingly arranged at a plurality of measuring points; the laser rangefinder 1 cooperates with the reflective sheets to obtain the position characteristic data of the measuring points; the data acquisition module 4 is connected to the laser rangefinder 1 by signal to record and transmit the position characteristic data; the data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module 4 by signal to calculate the position characteristic data to obtain the amount of arch crown sinking and arch waist convergence; in addition, the laser rangefinder 1 includes a horizontally rotatable pan-tilt 11 and a laser emitting end 12 arranged above the pan-tilt 11, and the laser emitting end 12 can realize vertical rotation.

[0033] It should be noted that this tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment also includes a tripod. Specifically, when measuring operations are required, first open the tripod, adjust it to an appropriate height, and fix the tripod with a fixing screw. Then install the pan / tilt 11 of the laser rangefinder 1 on the top of the tripod, and then gently tighten the connecting screw. Then, lead the power cord from the distribution box at the construction site to power this equipment. In addition, the installation position of several reflectors is determined by adjusting the angle of the laser rangefinder 1. It should be understood that this equipment is used to measure the amount of arch crown subsidence and arch waist convergence, which are relative values, that is, this laser rangefinder 1 only needs to be roughly leveled. Preferably, in some embodiments, the tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment also includes a control module, which controls the operation of the laser rangefinder 1, the data acquisition module 4 and the data processing module when executed. Please refer to Figure 1 Preferably, the laser rangefinder 1 also includes an outer shell 13, which is arranged on the top of the pan-tilt head 11 and is provided with an unclosed mounting groove for installing the laser emitting end 12 and protecting the laser emitting end 12. Furthermore, the data acquisition module 4 is arranged in this outer shell 13 to protect it from external interference and accelerate data transmission.

[0034] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The laser rangefinder 1 includes a first driving mechanism for horizontal rotation of the pan-tilt 11, which is provided with a first motor 111; and a first driving mechanism for vertical rotation of the laser emitting end 12, which is provided with a second motor 121. Specifically, when the device is connected to a power source, the control module controls the first motor 111 to start running through a signal connection, and drives the pan-tilt 11 to rotate horizontally through the first transmission mechanism, so that the laser emitting end 12 of the laser rangefinder 1 points to the direction of the measuring point; then, the control module controls the second motor 121 to start running through a signal connection, and drives the pan-tilt 11 to rotate vertically through the second transmission mechanism, so that the laser emitting direction of the laser emitting end 12 can accurately point to the reflector at the measuring point. Among them, the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism are composed of a plurality of gear pairs or rotating shafts to realize mechanical transmission.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment sets up several groups of measuring sections at intervals of 5-10m in the tunnel. Furthermore, any of the measuring sections includes a crown measuring point 2, a left waist measuring point 3 and a right waist measuring point. The specific measuring principle is as follows:

[0036] Vault settlement measurement: see Figures 1 to 3 When measuring a set of measuring sections, the first distance L between the laser rangefinder 1 and the arch measuring point 2 is obtained by measuring the position of the arch measuring point 2 for the first time. D0 , and the first angle γ between the laser rangefinder 1 and the dome measuring point 2 on the Z axis D0 According to the triangle cosine theorem, the first vertical distance value H from the arch measuring point 2 to the laser emitting end 12 is obtained D0 , that is, H D0 =L D0 ·cosγ D0 After a period of time, the position of the arch measuring point 2 is measured for the second time to obtain the second first distance L D1 , the second first angle γ D1 According to the triangle cosine theorem, we get the second vertical distance value H D1 =L D1 ·cosγ D1 Therefore, the first vault settlement H can be calculated Δ1 , that is, H Δ1 =H D1 -H D0 It should be noted that the laser rangefinder 1 performs a measurement every 6 hours in a measurement operation, and repeats the above operation, so as to obtain the cumulative arch subsidence in this measurement operation by calculating multiple arch subsidence amounts.

[0037] Arch waist convergence measurement: please refer to Figures 1 to 3 When measuring a set of measuring sections, the first measurement of the waist measuring point position is performed to obtain the first and second distances L between the laser rangefinder 1 and the left and right waist measuring points respectively. Y10 and L Y20 The second angle α between the laser rangefinder 1 and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the X axis Y10 and α Y20 , the third angle β between the laser rangefinder 1 and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the Y axis Y10 and β Y20 , the third angle γ between the laser rangefinder 1 and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the Z axis Y10 and γ Y20According to the triangle cosine theorem, the first distance L0 between the left and right arch waist measuring points is calculated. After a period of time, the left and right arch waist measuring points are measured for the second time, and the second distance L1 between the left and right arch waist measuring points is calculated. Therefore, the first arch waist convergence amount L can be calculated. Δ1 , that is, L Δ1 = L1 - L0. It should be noted that the laser rangefinder 1 performs a measurement every 6 hours in a measurement operation, repeats the above operation, and thus obtains the cumulative waist convergence amount in this measurement operation by calculating multiple waist convergence amounts.

[0038] When the control module is executed, the operation of the laser rangefinder 1, the data acquisition module 4 and the data processing module is controlled. The time required for traditional tunnel measurement operations is significantly reduced, thereby greatly reducing the required time and manpower, improving the overall work efficiency, and the data acquisition module 4 is connected to the laser rangefinder 1 by signal to record and transmit position feature data; the data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module 4 by signal to calculate the position feature data to obtain the arch crown sinking amount and arch waist convergence amount, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0039] It can be seen that the use of the above-mentioned tunnel monitoring and measurement equipment has the following technical advantages: 1. The laser rangefinder can simultaneously measure the arch crown sinking and arch waist convergence, and the measurement efficiency is high; 2. The signal connection between the laser rangefinder, the data acquisition module and the data processing module realizes rapid data transmission and processing, replacing the manual recording and calculation analysis of measurement personnel in traditional operations, so as to make data processing efficient. Therefore, compared with the existing tunnel monitoring and measurement technology, the tunnel monitoring and measurement equipment provided by the utility model has obvious technical advantages.

[0040] In summary, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel monitoring and measuring device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of reflective sheets, which are correspondingly arranged at a plurality of measuring points; A laser rangefinder, which cooperates with the reflector to obtain position feature data of the measuring point; A data acquisition module, which is connected to the laser rangefinder signal to record and transmit the position feature data; A data processing module, which is connected to the data acquisition module by signal, so as to calculate the position characteristic data to obtain the amount of arch crown settlement and arch waist convergence; The laser rangefinder includes a horizontally rotatable pan-tilt platform and a laser emitting end disposed above the pan-tilt platform, and the laser emitting end can realize vertical rotation.

2. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder comprises a first driving mechanism for horizontal rotation of the pan-tilt head, wherein a first motor is arranged inside the first driving mechanism; and a first driving mechanism for vertical rotation of the laser emitting end, wherein a second motor is arranged inside the first driving mechanism.

3. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment sets up several groups of measuring sections at intervals in the tunnel, and the intervals are 5-10m.

4. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Any of the measurement sections includes a crown measuring point and two waist measuring points.

5. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The position feature data includes a first distance between the laser rangefinder and the arch top measuring point, and a first angle between the laser rangefinder and the arch top measuring point on the Z axis; a second distance between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points, and a second angle between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the X axis, and a third angle between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the Y axis; and a fourth angle between the laser rangefinder and the left and right arch waist measuring points on the Z axis.

6. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder performs a measurement every 6 hours during a measurement operation.

7. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation positions of the plurality of reflective sheets are determined by adjusting the angle of the laser rangefinder.

8. The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel monitoring and measuring equipment further comprises a control module, which controls the operation of the laser rangefinder, the data acquisition module and the data processing module when executed.

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