Coaxial extrusion type biological 3D printer with controllable temperature and pressure
By introducing a controllable temperature and pressure technology into a coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer, the problem of inability to control the extrusion pressure and lack of temperature control in the prior art is solved, and the slurry with a large viscosity span is realized High-precision printing and material selection expansion.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420986626.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing coaxial extrusion 3D printers cannot control the extrusion pressure according to the viscosity and shear performance of each layer of printing paste, resulting in low printing accuracy of coaxial brackets with large viscosity spans and lack of temperature control modules, resulting in high viscosity. and low viscosity materials have poor printability.
A coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer with controllable temperature and pressure is designed, including a temperature control system and a slurry extrusion system, which can adjust the temperature according to the viscosity of the inner and outer slurry printed coaxially and adjust the extrusion pressure in real time. , ensure the optimal printing conditions for each layer of slurry.
Effective printing of high-viscosity and low-viscosity slurries is achieved, extrusion difficulties and "salivation" are avoided, printing accuracy and printability are improved, and the selection range of biological extruded 3D printing materials is expanded.
Smart Images
Figure CN222495424U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biological 3D printers, and in particular to a temperature-pressure controllable coaxial extrusion type biological 3D printer. Background Art
[0002] 3D bioprinting technology is an emerging manufacturing technology developed in the field of tissue engineering in recent years. It is a technology that uses three-dimensional models as the basis and prints layer by layer after slicing the model to manufacture tissue engineering scaffolds and medical devices.
[0003] Coaxial extrusion bio-3D printing technology is based on biomaterials and uses the coaxial structure of the print head to perform coaxial extrusion printing to produce coaxial or multi-coaxial tissue engineering scaffolds. The basic principle is to place the bioprinting slurry in the slurry delivery cylinder, squeeze the slurry into the print head through the extrusion device, and deposit it on the printing platform according to the preset printing track of the printer.
[0004] Most of the existing coaxial extrusion 3D printers use full-platen extrusion, and cannot control the extrusion pressure of each layer of printing slurry separately according to the viscosity and shear performance of each layer of printing slurry, which seriously limits the printing accuracy of coaxial stents with a large viscosity span of each layer of slurry. At the same time, most of the existing extrusion 3D printing mechanisms lack a temperature control module, and there is a problem of poor printability for high-viscosity and low-viscosity slurries. Even biological 3D printers with a freezing platform will still experience "drooling" when printing low-viscosity materials, affecting the printing accuracy of tissue engineering scaffolds. At the same time, existing freezing 3D bioprinters mostly perform temperature control at the nozzle, which can only perform overall temperature control on the printing slurry, and cannot perform temperature control on each layer of the coaxial structure. It is not suitable for printing coaxial stents with a large viscosity span of each layer of slurry. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the utility model provides a temperature-pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer, which has the characteristics of wide printing applicability and high printer precision, and can adjust the appropriate temperature according to the viscosity of the inner and outer layer slurries of the coaxial printing, thereby realizing the printing of high-viscosity and low-viscosity slurries, avoiding the problems of high-viscosity slurry extrusion difficulty and low-viscosity slurry "drooling" phenomenon, and expanding the selection range of biological extrusion 3D printing materials. At the same time, the device can adjust the extrusion pressure in real time, further improving the printability and printing precision of high-viscosity and low-viscosity slurries.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a temperature and pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer, comprising a base, a printing support platform, a deposition platform, a three-axis moving mechanism, a temperature control system and a slurry extrusion system, wherein the three-axis moving mechanism is installed above the base; the deposition platform is installed on the base; the temperature control system is installed on the lower part of the printing support platform; and the slurry extrusion system is installed on the printing support platform.
[0007] Preferably, the base is provided with an extrusion temperature adjustment button, an extrusion pressure adjustment button, an emergency stop button, a discharge button and a reset button;
[0008] Preferably, the printing support platform is composed of two upper and lower support bodies, and the upper support body and the lower support body are rigidly connected by screws.
[0009] Preferably, the three-axis moving mechanism is composed of an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a Z-axis moving mechanism, a limit sensor, a stepper motor, a reciprocating screw, a moving slider and a deposition platform; the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism are all driven by the cooperation of the reciprocating screw and the slider; a stepper motor and a coupling are installed at one end of the X-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis reciprocating screw is connected to the stepper motor through the coupling, the X-axis slider is installed on the slideway of the X-axis moving mechanism, and the limit sensor is installed on the upper end surface of the X-axis moving mechanism; the Y-axis moving mechanism is installed on the base, the stepper motor is installed at one end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, and is connected to the Y-axis reciprocating screw through the coupling; the deposition platform is installed above the slideway of the Y-axis moving mechanism; the Z-axis moving mechanism is installed on both sides of the base, and is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism through two Z-axis sliders respectively, the stepper motor is installed above the Z-axis moving mechanism, and is connected to the Z-axis reciprocating screw through the coupling, and the limit sensor is installed on the end surfaces of the slideways of the two Z-axis moving mechanisms.
[0010] Preferably, the temperature control system consists of a cylindrical semiconductor chip, a cooling liquid chamber, a water pump, a condensing water tank and a pipeline; the cylindrical semiconductor chip is installed in a lower support body; the cooling liquid chamber is installed on the outside of the cylindrical semiconductor chip; the water pump and the condensing water tank are installed on the rear end face of the base; the pipeline connects the cooling liquid chamber and the condensing water tank.
[0011] Preferably, the slurry extrusion system consists of a stepper motor, a coupling, a reciprocating screw, a pressure-controlled moving mechanism, a pressure-controlled slider, a slurry delivery cylinder, and a coaxial printing nozzle; the stepper motor is installed above the printing support platform and is connected to the pressure-controlled reciprocating screw through a coupling; the pressure-controlled moving mechanism is installed in the upper support body of the printing support platform; the pressure-controlled slider is installed at the slide groove of the pressure-controlled moving mechanism; the slurry delivery cylinder is installed in the printing support platform; the feed port of the coaxial printing nozzle is installed at the discharge port of the slurry delivery cylinder and is kept level with the deposition platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the utility model;
[0013] Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the utility model;
[0014] Figure 3 A side view of an embodiment of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 4 A top view of an embodiment of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a printing support platform according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a coaxial printing nozzle according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of the coaxial print head;
[0019] In the above figure:
[0020] 1. Base; 2. Z-axis moving mechanism; 3. Z-axis reciprocating screw; 4. Print support platform; 5. Pressure-controlled reciprocating screw; 6. X-axis moving mechanism; 7. Condensate tank; 8. Water inlet pipe; 9. Water outlet pipe; 10. Deposition platform; 11. Y-axis moving mechanism; 12. Limit sensor; 13. Emergency stop button; 14. Extrusion pressure adjustment button; 15. Extrusion temperature adjustment button; 16. Discharge button; 17. Reset button; 18. Z-axis coupling; 19. Stepper motor; 20. Pressure-controlled moving mechanism ; 21. Pressure control slider; 22. Slurry delivery cylinder; 23. Coaxial printing nozzle; 24. Y-axis slider; 25. Z-axis slider; 26. Y-axis reciprocating screw; 27. Base support foot; 28. Y-axis coupling; 29. X-axis coupling; 30. X-axis slider; 31. Screw; 32. Cooling liquid chamber; 33. Cylindrical semiconductor chip; 34. Threaded hole; 35. Thread; 36. Slurry delivery channel; 37. Slurry storage chamber; 38. Nozzle; 39. Inner chamber; 40. Middle chamber; 41. Outer chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and reference figures. It should be noted that the utility model is not limited to the drawings and the following embodiments. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to convey the utility model to technicians in the field more clearly.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] Reference Figure 1-5 A temperature and pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer, which includes a base 1, a printing support platform 4, a deposition platform 10, a three-axis moving mechanism, a temperature control system and a slurry extrusion system. The printing support platform 4 is rigidly connected to an X-axis slider 30 through a screw 31, and the X-axis slider 30 is rigidly connected to an X-axis moving mechanism 6 through a screw 31; the three-axis moving mechanism is installed on the base 1; the temperature control device of the temperature control system is installed on the lower support body of the printing support platform 4; and the slurry extrusion system is installed on the printing support platform 4.
[0024] Specifically, the three-axis moving mechanism is composed of an X-axis moving mechanism 6, a Y-axis moving mechanism 11, a Z-axis moving mechanism 2, a limit sensor 12, a stepper motor 19, a reciprocating screw, a moving slider and a deposition platform 10; a stepper motor 19 and an X-axis coupling 29 are installed at one end of the X-axis moving mechanism 6, the X-axis reciprocating screw is connected to the stepper motor 19 through the X-axis coupling 29, and the X-axis slider 30 is installed on the slide groove of the X-axis moving mechanism 6, so that the screw transmission mechanism is more accurate and stable; the limit sensor 12 is installed on the upper end surface of the X-axis moving mechanism 6; the Y-axis moving mechanism 11 is installed on the base 1, and the stepper motor 19 is installed on the Y-axis moving mechanism 11 One end is connected to the Y-axis reciprocating screw 26 through the Y-axis coupling 28; the deposition platform 10 is installed above the slideway of the Y-axis moving mechanism 11 through the Y-axis slider 24 to realize the Y-axis reciprocating movement of the deposition platform 10; the Z-axis moving mechanism 2 is installed on both sides of the base 1, and the two Z-axis moving mechanisms 2 are both vertical to the base 1 and symmetrical about the symmetry plane of the base 1. The two Z-axis moving mechanisms 2 are respectively connected to the X-axis moving mechanism 6 through two Z-axis sliders 25, and the stepper motor 19 is installed above the Z-axis moving mechanism 2 and connected to the Z-axis reciprocating screw 3 through the Z-axis coupling 18. The limit sensor 12 is installed on the end surface of the slideway of the two Z-axis moving mechanisms 2. This design enables the printer to drive the reciprocating screw to drive the movement of the X-axis slider 30, the Y-axis slider 24, and the Z-axis slider 25 according to the instructions, thereby moving the printing support platform 4 to the corresponding position to realize the printing function of the biological 3D printer. At the same time, each axis moving mechanism is equipped with a limit sensor 12, which effectively avoids accidents that may be caused by overfeeding.
[0025] Reference Figure 5The temperature control system is composed of a cylindrical semiconductor chip 33, a cooling liquid cavity 32, a water pump, a condensing water tank 7 and a pipeline; the cylindrical semiconductor chip 33 is installed in the lower support body of the printing support platform 4, and the cooling and heating functions of the cylindrical semiconductor chip 33 can be realized by changing the polarity of the direct current; the cooling liquid cavity 32 is installed on the outside of the cylindrical semiconductor chip 33, and maintains coaxiality with the cylindrical semiconductor chip 33; the water pump and the condensing water tank 7 are installed on the rear end surface of the base 1; the pipeline includes three water inlet pipes 8 and three water outlet pipes 9 to realize the cooling water circulation of the condensing water tank 7 and the cooling liquid cavity 32; the pipeline connects the cooling liquid cavity 32 and the condensing water tank 7, and through the flow of condensed water, when the cooling and cooling effect is required, the heat dissipation of the heating surface of the cylindrical semiconductor chip 33 is realized. Such a design enables the device to have a good temperature control effect. When extrusion-type biological 3D printing is used to print high-viscosity slurry or low-viscosity slurry, the temperature of each layer of the slurry delivery tube 22 is controlled separately through the tubular semiconductor 32 according to the different viscosities of the slurry, so that the inner and outer layers of the coaxial structure bracket reach the optimal printing temperature, thereby realizing coaxial printing of slurries with a large viscosity span.
[0026] Specifically, the slurry extrusion system is composed of a stepper motor 19, a coupling, a reciprocating screw, a pressure control moving mechanism 20, a pressure control slider 21, a slurry delivery tube 22, and a coaxial printing nozzle 23; the stepper motor 19 is installed above the printing support platform 4 and connected to the pressure control reciprocating screw 5 through a coupling; the pressure control moving mechanism 20 is installed in the upper support body of the printing support platform 4; the pressure control slider 21 is installed at the slide groove of the pressure control moving mechanism 20; the slurry delivery tube 22 is installed in the printing support platform 4; the feed port of the coaxial printing nozzle 23 is installed at the discharge port of the slurry delivery tube 22 through a thread 35, and is kept horizontal with the deposition platform 10. Such a design realizes real-time control of the extrusion pressure of each slurry delivery tube 22.
[0027] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The coaxial printing nozzle 23 consists of three cavities, which are connected to the slurry delivery tube 22 through a thread 35. The slurry in each slurry delivery tube 22 enters into the respective connected cavities under the extrusion of the pressure control slider 21, and then is extruded through the nozzle 38 to realize coaxial 3D printing.
[0028] Specifically, the X-axis moving mechanism 6, the Y-axis moving mechanism 11, the Z-axis moving mechanism 2, and the pressure control moving mechanism 20 should all maintain coaxiality with the corresponding couplings, sliders, reciprocating screws, and stepper motors 19 to ensure smoothness and accuracy of movement.
[0029] During specific use, the slurry is first filled into the slurry conveying pipe 22, and the three-axis moving mechanism is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer to move to the set origin. According to the viscosity performance of each slurry, the temperature of each slurry conveying pipe 22 and the downward pressure of the pressure control slider 21 are set, and then printing is performed according to the preset printing trajectory of the printer.
[0030] The above describes the specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the utility model should all fall within the scope covered by the utility model.
Claims
1. A temperature-pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer, comprising a base (1), a printing support platform (4), a deposition platform (10), a three-axis moving mechanism, a temperature control system and a slurry extrusion system, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with an emergency stop button (13), an extrusion pressure adjustment button (14), an extrusion temperature adjustment button (15), a discharge button (16) and a reset button (17); a base support foot is installed below the base (1); the printing support platform (4) is installed on the X-axis moving mechanism (6) through an X-axis slider (30); the three-axis moving mechanism is installed on the base (1); the temperature control device of the temperature control system is installed on the lower support body of the printing support platform (4); the slurry extrusion system is installed on the printing support platform (4); The temperature control system is composed of a cylindrical semiconductor chip (33), a cooling liquid chamber (32), a water pump, a condensing water tank (7) and a pipeline; the cylindrical semiconductor chip (33) is installed in the lower support body of the printing support platform (4); the cooling liquid chamber (32) is installed outside the cylindrical semiconductor chip (33) and maintains coaxiality with the cylindrical semiconductor chip (33); the water pump and the condensing water tank (7) are installed on the rear end surface of the base (1); the pipeline includes three water inlet pipes (8) and three water outlet pipes (9); and the pipeline connects the cooling liquid chamber (32) and the condensing water tank (7).
2. A temperature and pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing support platform (4) is composed of two upper and lower support bodies, the upper support body and the lower support body are rigidly connected by screws (31), and the printing support platform (4) is rigidly connected to the X-direction slider (30) via the screws (31).
3. A temperature and pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-axis moving mechanism is composed of an X-axis moving mechanism (6), a Y-axis moving mechanism (11), a Z-axis moving mechanism (2), a limit sensor (12), a stepping motor (19), a reciprocating screw, a moving slider and a deposition platform (10); a stepping motor (19) and an X-axis coupling (29) are installed at one end of the X-axis moving mechanism (6); the X-axis reciprocating screw is connected to the stepping motor (19) through the X-axis coupling (29); the X-axis slider (30) is installed on the slide groove of the X-axis moving mechanism (6); the limit sensor (12) is installed on the upper end surface of the X-axis moving mechanism (6); the Y-axis moving mechanism (11) is installed On the base (1), a stepper motor (19) is installed at one end of the Y-axis moving mechanism (11) and is connected to the Y-axis reciprocating screw (26) through a Y-axis coupling (28); the deposition platform (10) is installed above the slide groove of the Y-axis moving mechanism (11); the Z-axis moving mechanism (2) is installed on both sides of the base (1) and is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism (6) through two Z-axis sliders (25) respectively; the stepper motor (19) is installed above the Z-axis moving mechanism (2) and is connected to the Z-axis reciprocating screw (3) through a Z-axis coupling (18); and the limit sensor (12) is installed on the end faces of the slide grooves of the two Z-axis moving mechanisms (2).
4. A temperature and pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slurry extrusion system is composed of a stepper motor (19), a coupling, a reciprocating screw, a pressure-controlled moving mechanism (20), a pressure-controlled slider (21), a slurry conveying cylinder (22), and a coaxial printing nozzle (23); the stepper motor (19) is installed above the printing support platform (4) and is connected to the pressure-controlled reciprocating screw (5) through a coupling; the pressure-controlled moving mechanism (20) is installed in the upper support body of the printing support platform (4); the pressure-controlled slider (21) is installed at the slide groove of the pressure-controlled moving mechanism (20); the slurry conveying cylinder (22) is installed in the printing support platform (4); the feed port of the coaxial printing nozzle (23) is installed at the discharge port of the slurry conveying cylinder (22) through a thread (35) and is kept horizontal with the deposition platform (10).
5. A temperature and pressure controllable coaxial extrusion biological 3D printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stepping motor (19), the pressure control moving mechanism (20), the pressure control slider (21), the coupling, the slurry conveying tube (22), and the coaxial printing nozzle (23) are installed in the Z direction, and the corresponding coaxiality between the coaxial printing nozzle (23) and the slurry conveying tube (22) is ensured.