Differential lock mechanism, drive axle and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a differential lock mechanism, a drive axle and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering.The differential lock mechanism is installed on an axle housing and used for locking a half shaft relative to a differential housing; the differential lock mechanism comprises a gear shifting driving device and a gear shifting sleeve. The gear shifting sleeve is arranged on the half shaft in a sliding and sleeving mode in the axial direction, and the gear shifting sleeve is circumferentially positioned relative to the half shaft. The gear shifting sleeve is matched with the differential mechanism shell, the gear shifting driving device is installed on the axle shell, and the gear shifting driving device is in transmission connection with the gear shifting sleeve so that the gear shifting sleeve can be connected with or separated from the differential mechanism shell. The differential lock mechanism does not need to occupy too much space of the differential shell, the situation that the axial size of the differential is increased due to installation of the differential lock can be avoided, the layout and installation difficulty of the differential lock structure is lowered, the structure is compact, and overall vehicle layout is easier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, in particular to a differential lock mechanism, a drive axle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When the wheels on one side of the vehicle slip, the differential lock is used to force the wheels to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the vehicle's ability to get out of trouble. On the drive axle of a heavy truck, the differential lock is usually arranged on the reducer housing. However, in new energy heavy trucks, due to the complex structure of the electric drive axle, the axial space occupied by its internal parts is large, making it difficult to integrate the differential lock on the reducer housing. In other words, due to the large size of traditional differential locks, it is difficult to layout and install them on the drive axle of new energy vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a differential lock mechanism, a drive axle and a vehicle, so as to alleviate the technical problem that the differential lock is difficult to lay out and install.

[0004] In a first aspect, the differential lock mechanism provided by the utility model is installed on the axle housing and is used to lock the half shaft relative to the differential housing;

[0005] The differential lock mechanism comprises: a shift drive component and a shift sleeve;

[0006] The shift sleeve is axially slidably sleeved on the half shaft, and the shift sleeve is circumferentially positioned relative to the half shaft;

[0007] The shift sleeve is matched with the differential housing, the shift drive device is installed on the bridge housing, and the shift drive device is drivingly connected with the shift sleeve to make the shift sleeve engage with or disengage from the differential housing.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, the utility model provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the differential housing is connected to a fixing sleeve, and the fixing sleeve is coaxial with the shift sleeve and is arranged opposite to each other;

[0009] The fixed sleeve and the shift sleeve are respectively provided with matching toothed portions.

[0010] In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the utility model provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the fixing sleeve is connected to a retaining spring, the retaining spring cooperates with the differential housing, and fixes the fixing sleeve relative to the differential housing.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, the utility model provides a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the gear shift drive device includes: a power source and a shift fork;

[0012] The power source is transmission-connected to the shift fork, and the shift fork is transmission-matched to the shift sleeve.

[0013] In combination with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, the utility model provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the gear shift drive device is connected to a gear position sensor, and the gear position sensor is used to detect the position of the shift fork.

[0014] In combination with the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the utility model provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the shift fork is provided with an inclined surface gradually deviating from the gear position sensor along the axial direction of the half shaft;

[0015] The gear position sensor is arranged opposite to the inclined surface.

[0016] In combination with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, the utility model provides a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the power source includes: a chamber housing, a piston, a cylinder head and a spring;

[0017] The piston is slidably assembled in the chamber shell, and a sealed chamber with an air path interface is formed between the chamber shell and the piston;

[0018] The cylinder head is connected to the chamber shell, the spring is installed between the piston and the cylinder head, and the spring has a tendency to drive the piston and make the piston compress the sealing chamber;

[0019] The shift fork is connected to the piston.

[0020] In combination with the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, the utility model provides a seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein a sealing ring is installed on the outer ring of the piston, and the sealing ring is pressed between the inner wall of the chamber shell and the piston.

[0021] In a second aspect, the drive axle provided by the utility model is equipped with the differential lock mechanism described in the first aspect.

[0022] In a third aspect, the vehicle provided by the utility model is equipped with the differential lock mechanism described in the first aspect.

[0023] The embodiments of the utility model bring the following beneficial effects: the shift sleeve is axially slidably sleeved on the half-shaft, and the shift sleeve is circumferentially positioned relative to the half-shaft, the shift sleeve is adapted to the differential housing, the shift drive device is installed on the bridge housing, and the shift drive device is drivingly connected to the shift sleeve, so that the shift sleeve and the differential housing are engaged or disengaged, without occupying too much space of the differential housing, and the axial size of the differential can be avoided from increasing due to the installation of the differential lock, thereby reducing the difficulty of layout and installation of the differential lock structure.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of a drive axle provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 An exploded view of a differential lock mechanism and a fixing sleeve provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a differential lock mechanism and a fixed sleeve in an unlocked state provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a differential lock mechanism and a fixed sleeve in a locked state provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0030] Icons: 001 - axle housing; 002 - half shaft; 003 - differential housing; 310 - fixing sleeve; 320 - retaining spring; 004 - gear shift drive device; 410 - power source; 411 - chamber housing; 412 - piston; 413 - cylinder head; 414 - spring; 415 - air circuit interface; 416 - sealing ring; 420 - shift fork; 421 - ramp; 005 - shift sleeve; 006 - gear position sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used to describe the difference in names, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The physical quantities in the formula, if not separately marked, should be understood as basic quantities of the basic units of the International System of Units, or derived quantities derived from the basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation or integration.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the differential lock mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model is installed on the bridge housing 001, and is used to lock the half shaft 002 relative to the differential housing 003; the differential lock mechanism includes: a shift drive device 004 and a shift sleeve 005; the shift sleeve 005 is axially slidably sleeved on the half shaft 002, and the shift sleeve 005 is circumferentially positioned relative to the half shaft 002; the shift sleeve 005 is adapted to the differential housing 003, the shift drive device 004 is installed on the bridge housing 001, and the shift drive device 004 is transmission-connected with the shift sleeve 005, so that the shift sleeve 005 is engaged with or separated from the differential housing 003.

[0035] The side wall of the bridge housing 001 is provided with an opening, and the gear shift driving device 004 is installed at the opening of the side wall of the bridge housing 001 to avoid occupying the axial space and facilitate the installation layout. The gear shift driving device 004 can drive the gear shift sleeve 005 to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the half shaft 002. Figure 3 , when the shift sleeve 005 is engaged with the differential housing 003, the differential lock mechanism is locked; see Figure 4 , the differential lock mechanism is unlocked when the shift sleeve 005 is separated from the differential housing 003.

[0036] In this embodiment, the half shaft 002 is provided with a spline structure, the shift sleeve 005 is adapted to the spline structure, and the shift sleeve 005 can slide axially along the spline structure, thereby achieving locking and unlocking of the differential lock mechanism.

[0037] In the embodiment of the utility model, the differential housing 003 is connected with a fixing sleeve 310, which is coaxial with and opposite to the shift sleeve 005; the fixing sleeve 310 and the shift sleeve 005 are respectively provided with matching teeth. In the locked state, the fixing sleeve 310 and the shift sleeve 005 are relatively locked by the teeth, so that the shift sleeve 005 is fixed relative to the differential housing 003.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the fixed sleeve 310 and the shift sleeve 005 may also be in contact with each other through friction surfaces. When the shift driving device 004 drives the shift sleeve 005 to abut against the fixed sleeve 310, the shift sleeve 005 and the fixed sleeve 310 are locked by friction force.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fixing sleeve 310 is connected to a retaining spring 320 , and the retaining spring 320 cooperates with the differential housing 003 and fixes the fixing sleeve 310 relative to the differential housing 003 .

[0040] The differential housing 003 is provided with a slot adapted to the retaining spring 320 , and the retaining spring 320 is engaged with the fixing sleeve 310 and matched with the slot, so that the fixing sleeve 310 is fixed relative to the differential housing 003 .

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the gear shift driving device 004 includes: a power source 410 and a shift fork 420 ; the power source 410 is transmission-connected with the shift fork 420 , and the shift fork 420 is transmission-matched with the shift sleeve 005 .

[0042] The shift sleeve 005 is provided with a groove adapted to the shift fork 420 , the power source 410 can drive the shift fork 420 to slide along the axial direction of the half shaft 002 , and the shift fork 420 can drive the shift sleeve 005 to slide, thereby realizing the engagement or separation of the shift sleeve 005 and the fixed sleeve 310 .

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the gear shift drive device 004 is connected to a gear position sensor 006 , and the gear position sensor 006 is used to detect the position of the shift fork 420 .

[0044] When the power source 410 drives the shift fork 420 to move back and forth, the position of the shift fork 420 is detected by the gear position sensor 006, and the working state of the differential lock mechanism can be known.

[0045] Furthermore, the shift fork 420 is provided with an inclined surface 421 which gradually deviates from the gear position sensor 006 along the axial direction of the half shaft 002 ; the gear position sensor 006 is arranged opposite to the inclined surface 421 .

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the gear sensor 006 can be configured as an ultrasonic ranging sensor. When the power source 410 drives the shift fork 420 to move back and forth, the position of the gear sensor 006 relative to the inclined surface 421 changes accordingly, thereby changing the distance between the gear sensor 006 and the inclined surface 421, thereby identifying the working state of the differential lock mechanism based on the distance signal.

[0047] In this embodiment, the gear position sensor 006 can be configured as a mechanical micro switch, and the contact of the gear position sensor 006 abuts against the inclined surface 421. When the power source 410 drives the fork 420 to reciprocate, the contact of the gear position sensor 006 moves telescopically with the position change of the inclined surface 421, thereby changing the potential state of the gear position sensor 006.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the power source 410 may be an electric telescopic rod, which is used to drive the fork 420 to slide along the axial direction of the half shaft 002.

[0049] In this embodiment, the power source 410 includes: a cavity shell 411, a piston 412, a cylinder head 413 and a spring 414; the piston 412 is slidably assembled in the cavity shell 411, and a sealed cavity with an air path interface 415 is formed between the cavity shell 411 and the piston 412; the cylinder head 413 is connected to the cavity shell 411, and the spring 414 is installed between the piston 412 and the cylinder head 413, and the spring 414 has a tendency to drive the piston 412 and cause the piston 412 to compress the sealed cavity; the fork 420 is connected to the piston 412.

[0050] When the air circuit interface 415 pressurizes and inflates the sealed cavity, the piston 412 will be driven to force the spring 414 to elastically deform and drive the shift fork 420 to move, and the shift sleeve 005 is driven to engage with the fixed sleeve 310 through the shift fork 420; when the high pressure of the air circuit interface 415 is removed, the spring 414 drives the piston 412 to return, and the piston 412 drives the shift fork 420 to move, and the shift sleeve 005 is driven to separate from the fixed sleeve 310 by the shift fork 420.

[0051] Furthermore, a sealing ring 416 is installed on the outer ring of the piston 412 , and the sealing ring 416 is pressed between the inner wall of the chamber shell 411 and the piston 412 , so that the sealing performance between the chamber shell 411 and the piston 412 is improved by the sealing ring 416 .

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the drive axle provided by the embodiment of the utility model is equipped with the differential lock mechanism described in the above embodiment. The drive axle has the technical effect of the above differential lock mechanism, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model is equipped with the differential lock mechanism described in the above-mentioned implementation mode. The differential lock mechanism is arranged on the bridge housing 001 to avoid occupying the space of the differential housing 003. It is particularly suitable for electric drive axle structures with complex structures. It is not only easy to install, but also easy to realize the layout of the whole vehicle.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A differential lock mechanism, characterized in that: The differential lock mechanism is mounted on the axle housing (001) and is used to lock the half shaft (002) relative to the differential housing (003); The differential lock mechanism comprises: a shift drive device (004) and a shift sleeve (005); The shift sleeve (005) is axially slidably sleeved on the half shaft (002), and the shift sleeve (005) is circumferentially positioned relative to the half shaft (002); The shift sleeve (005) is adapted to the differential housing (003), the shift drive device (004) is mounted on the bridge housing (001), and the shift drive device (004) is drivingly connected to the shift sleeve (005) so that the shift sleeve (005) and the differential housing (003) are engaged or separated.

2. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential housing (003) is connected to a fixing sleeve (310), and the fixing sleeve (310) is coaxial with the shift sleeve (005) and arranged opposite to each other; The fixed sleeve (310) and the shift sleeve (005) are respectively provided with matching teeth.

3. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (310) is connected to a retaining spring (320), and the retaining spring (320) cooperates with the differential housing (003) and fixes the fixing sleeve (310) relative to the differential housing (003).

4. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear shift driving device (004) comprises: a power source (410) and a shift fork (420); The power source (410) is in transmission connection with the shift fork (420), and the shift fork (420) is in transmission cooperation with the shift sleeve (005).

5. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear shift drive device (004) is connected to a gear position sensor (006), and the gear position sensor (006) is used to detect the position of the shift fork (420).

6. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shift fork (420) is provided with an inclined surface (421) which gradually deviates from the gear position sensor (006) along the axial direction of the half shaft (002); The gear position sensor (006) is arranged opposite to the inclined surface (421).

7. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power source (410) comprises: a chamber housing (411), a piston (412), a cylinder head (413) and a spring (414); The piston (412) is slidably assembled in the chamber housing (411), and a sealed chamber having an air path interface (415) is formed between the chamber housing (411) and the piston (412); The cylinder head (413) is connected to the chamber housing (411), the spring (414) is installed between the piston (412) and the cylinder head (413), and the spring (414) has a tendency to drive the piston (412) and make the piston (412) compress the sealing chamber; The shift fork (420) is connected to the piston (412).

8. The differential lock mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing ring (416) is installed on the outer ring of the piston (412), and the sealing ring (416) is pressed between the inner wall of the chamber shell (411) and the piston (412).

9. A drive axle, characterized in that: The drive axle is equipped with the differential lock mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with the differential lock mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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