Straw crushing and fermenting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a straw smashing and fermenting device, which belongs to the technical field of straw processing and comprises a box body, a material screening frame and a smashing shaft, the material screening frame and the smashing shaft are arranged in the box body, and the inner wall of the box body is fixedly connected with symmetrical falling plates which are inclined downwards. According to the straw smashing device, through cooperation of the protruding block on the outer side of the adjusting shaft and the adjusting block in the adjusting shaft, in the process that the blades rotate to smash straw, the blades on the outer side periodically stretch out and draw back in a reciprocating mode, the axial cutting effect is achieved in the stretching-out and drawing-back process, and the straw can be rapidly cut and smashed within a short time; meanwhile, the collecting frame is matched with the material screening frame, so that the straw which does not reach the crushing standard falls into the material screening frame, and when the material screening frame rotates to the highest position, the straw which does not reach the crushing standard falls to the outer side of the crushing shaft on the lower portion again and is crushed again through the blades, so that the straw is crushed more thoroughly, the contact area of the straw is increased, and the crushing efficiency is improved. The attachment and decomposition of microorganisms are promoted, so that the subsequent fermentation rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to a straw crushing and fermenting device. Background Art

[0002] Straw is a general term for the stems and leaves of mature crops. Because it is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter, it is widely used in the fermentation production of fertilizers, feed and other products. The straw crushing and fermentation device is a device that can convert crop straw into useful resources, mainly through anaerobic fermentation or aerobic fermentation. This device promotes the decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the straw under closed anaerobic conditions by adding lignin cellulose fermentation agents, thereby improving the palatability of the straw and increasing its digestibility for the production of livestock feed.

[0003] In the prior art, common straw crushing and fermentation devices cannot guarantee the particle size of straw when crushing straw. Some of the crushed straw is too large, and these larger straws have a smaller attachment area for microorganisms during subsequent fermentation, resulting in a slower decomposition rate of the straw, thereby affecting the subsequent fermentation rate. How to invent a straw crushing and fermentation device to improve these problems has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a straw crushing and fermentation device, which aims to improve the problem that the common straw crushing and fermentation device cannot ensure the particle size of the straw when crushing the straw, thereby affecting the subsequent fermentation speed.

[0005] The utility model is achieved in this way:

[0006] The utility model provides a straw crushing and fermenting device, comprising a box body and a screening frame and a crushing shaft arranged in the box body, wherein the inner wall of the box body is fixedly connected with a symmetrical downwardly inclined drop plate, the inner wall of the box body close to the two drop plates is slidably connected with a sealing plate, the outer walls of both sides of the box body are respectively installed with a first motor and a second motor, the inner wall of one side of the lower end of the box body is sealed with a sealing plug, and a feeding port is opened at one end of the box body close to the first motor;

[0007] One end of the screening frame is fixedly connected to a driving shaft rotatably connected to an inner wall of one side of the box body, and the other end of the screening frame is fixedly connected to a limiting ring rotatably connected to an inner wall of another side of the box body;

[0008] One end of the crushing shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box body, and the inner wall of the other end of the crushing shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft. An adjustment cavity is opened inside the crushing shaft, and a plurality of adjustment grooves are opened on the inner wall of the adjustment cavity. Blades are installed on the inner walls of the adjustment grooves.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, a protruding collecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening frame, and screening holes are provided on both the screening frame and the collecting frame.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the blade on the outside of the crushing shaft rotates in the screening frame, crushes the straw and drops it from the drop plate below through the sieve holes for collection and fermentation. The straw that does not meet the crushing standards falls into the collection frame and falls back to the outside of the crushing shaft from above under the rotation of the screening frame and is crushed again by the blade.

[0011] Preferably, an adjusting shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall at one end of the screening frame, and a plurality of axisymmetric protrusions are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting shaft, and one end of the protrusion is provided with a rounded corner.

[0012] Preferably, limiting grooves are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the adjustment groove, one end of the blade is fixedly connected to an adjustment block, one end side wall of the adjustment block is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the adjustment block and one end of the protrusion are squeezed and slid.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the adjusting groove is slidably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting block and the blade respectively.

[0014] Preferably, both ends of the adjustment block are fixedly connected with limit blocks slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit groove, and one side outer wall of the limit block is fixedly connected with a spring fixedly connected to one side inner wall of the limit groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the screen frame rotates and drives the internal adjustment shaft to rotate at the same time. The convex block on the outside of the adjustment shaft repeatedly squeezes and slides with the adjustment block at one end. The adjustment block cooperates with the spring to drive the blade at one end to reciprocate and extend, thereby cutting the straw outside the blade, thereby further improving the crushing efficiency.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] Through the cooperation of the protrusion on the outside of the adjusting shaft and the adjusting block inside the adjusting shaft, when the blade rotates to crush the straw, the blade on the outside periodically reciprocates and retracts, and the axial cutting effect is achieved during the expansion and contraction process. The straw can be quickly cut and crushed in a short time. At the same time, the collecting frame cooperates with the screening frame to make the straw that does not meet the crushing standard fall into the screening frame. When the screening frame rotates to the highest point, the straw that does not meet the crushing standard will fall back to the outside of the crushing shaft below and be crushed again by the blade, so that the straw is crushed more thoroughly, so as to increase the contact area of ​​the straw, promote microbial attachment and decomposition, and thus increase the rate of subsequent fermentation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the implementation mode of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a straw crushing and fermentation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a half-section diagram of the structure of a straw crushing and fermentation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a straw crushing and fermentation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This utility model provides a straw crushing and fermentation device Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure of the middle A area;

[0023] Figure 5 This utility model provides a straw crushing and fermentation device Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure of the middle B area;

[0024] Figure 6 This utility model provides a straw crushing and fermentation device Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of the middle C region.

[0025] In the figure: 1. box body; 2. drop plate; 3. sealing plate; 4. feeding port; 5. first motor; 6. second motor; 7. sealing plug; 8. screening frame; 9. collecting frame; 10. driving shaft; 11. limiting ring; 12. adjusting shaft; 13. bump; 14. crushing shaft; 15. adjusting chamber; 16. adjusting slot; 17. limiting slot; 18. spring; 19. adjusting block; 20. limiting block; 21. blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the implementation of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the implementation of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation of the utility model. Obviously, the described implementation is a part of the implementation of the utility model, not all of the implementations. Based on the implementation of the utility model, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] Example, see Figure 1-Figure 6 A straw crushing and fermentation device comprises a box body 1 and a screening frame 8 and a crushing shaft 14 arranged in the box body 1. The inner wall of the box body 1 is fixedly connected with symmetrical downwardly inclined drop plates 2. The inner wall of the box body 1 near the two drop plates 2 is slidably connected with a sealing plate 3. The outer walls of both sides of the box body 1 are respectively installed with a first motor 5 and a second motor 6. The inner wall of one side of the lower end of the box body 1 is sealed with a sealing plug 7. A feeding port 4 is opened at one end of the box body 1 near the first motor 5;

[0028] One end of the screening frame 8 is fixedly connected to a driving shaft 10 that is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the box body 1, and the other end of the screening frame 8 is fixedly connected to a limiting ring 11 that is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the other side of the box body 1;

[0029] One end of the crushing shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box body 1, and the inner wall of the other end of the crushing shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft 10. An adjusting chamber 15 is opened inside the crushing shaft 14, and a plurality of adjusting grooves 16 are opened on the inner wall of the adjusting groove 16. A blade 21 is installed on the inner wall of the adjusting groove 16.

[0030] Furthermore, one end of the drive shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 6, and the inner wall of the screening frame 8 is fixedly connected to a protruding collecting frame 9, and the screening frame 8 and the collecting frame 9 are provided with sieve holes.

[0031] It should be noted that: the straw is put into the screening frame 8 through the feeding port 4 at one end, and the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 are started to make the blade 21 on the outside of the crushing shaft 14 rotate in the screening frame 8, so as to crush the straw in the screening frame 8 and drop from the lower drop plate 2 to the lower cavity through the sieve holes provided on the screening frame 8 for collection and fermentation. At the same time, the straw that does not meet the crushing standard falls into the collecting frame 9. When the collecting frame 9 is at the highest point under the rotation of the screening frame 8, the straw inside it falls under the action of gravity and falls back to the outside of the crushing shaft 14 below, and is crushed again by the rotating blade 21 until it meets the crushing standard and falls through the sieve holes.

[0032] Furthermore, an adjusting shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall at one end of the screening frame 8, a plurality of axially symmetrical protrusions 13 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting shaft 12, a rounded corner is provided at one end of the protrusion 13, limiting grooves 17 are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the adjusting groove 16, an adjusting block 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the blade 21, a side wall at one end of the adjusting block 19 is an inclined surface, the inclined surface of the adjusting block 19 and one end of the protrusion 13 are squeezed and slid, the inner wall of the adjusting groove 16 is respectively slidably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting block 19 and the blade 21, both ends of the adjusting block 19 are fixedly connected to limiting blocks 20 slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 17, and a spring 18 fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the limiting groove 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the limiting block 20.

[0033] It should be noted that: the screening frame 8 drives the internal adjustment shaft 12 to rotate while rotating. During the rotation, the protrusion 13 on the outside of the adjustment shaft 12 squeezes the inclined surface of one side of the adjustment block 19. When the rotation continues, the protrusion 13 and the inclined surface slide, and at the same time, the limit blocks 20 on both sides of the adjustment block 19 squeeze the spring 18 to shrink. At the same time, the blade 21 on the outside of the crushing shaft 14 extends out to cut the straw on the outside. When the protrusion 13 rotates and the adjustment block 19 is disengaged, the blade 21 shrinks under the action of the restoring force of the spring 18, so that the blade 21 periodically reciprocates and extends to cut the straw on the outside, thereby further improving the crushing efficiency.

[0034] The working principle of this straw crushing and fermentation device:

[0035] The straw is put into the screening frame 8 through the feeding port 4 at one end, and the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 are started to make the blade 21 on the outer side of the crushing shaft 14 rotate in the screening frame 8 to crush the straw in the screening frame 8. The screening frame 8 drives the internal adjustment shaft 12 to rotate while rotating. During the rotation, the protrusion 13 on the outer side of the adjustment shaft 12 squeezes the inclined surface of one side of the adjustment block 19. When the rotation continues, the protrusion 13 and the inclined surface slide, and the limit blocks 20 on both sides of the adjustment block 19 squeeze the spring 18 to shrink. At the same time, the blade 21 on the outer side of the crushing shaft 14 extends out to cut the straw on the outside. When the protrusion 13 rotates and the adjustment block 19 is separated, the spring 18 The blade 21 contracts under the action of the restoring force, so that the blade 21 periodically reciprocates and extends to cut and crush the straw on the outside. The cut straw falls from the lower drop plate 2 below through the sieve holes on the screening frame 8 to the cavity below for collection and fermentation. At the same time, the straw that does not meet the crushing standard falls into the collecting frame 9. When the collecting frame 9 is at the highest point under the rotation of the screening frame 8, the straw inside it falls under the action of gravity and falls back to the outside of the crushing shaft 14 below. The straw is crushed again by the rotating blade 21, thereby improving the crushing effect of the straw, increasing the contact area of ​​the straw, promoting the attachment and decomposition of microorganisms, and thus increasing the fermentation rate.

[0036] It should be noted that the specific model and specifications of the motor need to be selected and determined based on the actual specifications of the device, and the specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0037] The above description is only the preferred implementation of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and fermentation device, comprising a box (1) and a screening frame (8) and a crushing shaft (14) arranged in the box (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the box body (1) is fixedly connected with symmetrical downwardly inclined drop plates (2); the inner wall of the box body (1) close to the two drop plates (2) is slidably connected with a sealing plate (3); the outer walls on both sides of the box body (1) are respectively installed with a first motor (5) and a second motor (6); the inner wall of one side of the lower end of the box body (1) is sealed with a sealing plug (7); and a loading port (4) is opened at one end of the box body (1) close to the first motor (5); One end of the screening frame (8) is fixedly connected to a driving shaft (10) rotatably connected to an inner wall of one side of the box body (1), and the other end of the screening frame (8) is fixedly connected to a limiting ring (11) rotatably connected to an inner wall of another side of the box body (1); One end of the crushing shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (1), and the inner wall of the other end of the crushing shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft (10). An adjusting chamber (15) is provided inside the crushing shaft (14), and a plurality of adjusting grooves (16) are provided on the inner wall of the adjusting groove (16). A blade (21) is installed on the inner wall of the adjusting groove (16).

2. A straw crushing and fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the driving shaft (10) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (6); a protruding collecting frame (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening frame (8); and screening holes are provided on both the screening frame (8) and the collecting frame (9).

3. A straw crushing and fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the screening frame (8), and a plurality of axisymmetric protrusions (13) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting shaft (12), wherein one end of the protrusion (13) is provided with a rounded corner.

4. A straw crushing and fermentation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Limiting grooves (17) are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the adjustment groove (16); one end of the blade (21) is fixedly connected to an adjustment block (19); one end side wall of the adjustment block (19) is an inclined surface; the inclined surface of the adjustment block (19) and one end of the protrusion (13) are squeezed and slid.

5. A straw crushing and fermentation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the adjusting groove (16) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting block (19) and the blade (21) respectively.

6. A straw crushing and fermentation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the adjustment block (19) are fixedly connected to limit blocks (20) that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit groove (17), and one side outer wall of the limit block (20) is fixedly connected to a spring (18) that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the limit groove (17).

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