Feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment
By designing a laser cladding feeding device including a storage tank, an anti-caking turbine assembly and a screen plate assembly, the problems of powder agglomeration and uneven heat are solved, and a more efficient powder supply and a more stable cladding layer are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420894594.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-26
AI Technical Summary
During laser cladding, the powder is prone to agglomeration, accumulation and uneven heating, resulting in low cladding efficiency.
A feeding device including a storage tank, a pulley transmission mechanism, a driving gear, an anti-caking turbine assembly and a screen assembly are designed. The device achieves uniform heating of the storage tank by water bath heating, anti-caking turbine assembly performs material stirring, and powder particles separation is achieved through the screen assembly.
It effectively prevents powder agglomeration and uneven heating, improves cladding efficiency, and ensures the accuracy and controllability of powder supply.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of laser cladding feeding equipment, in particular to a feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment. Background Art
[0002] Laser cladding technology is an additive manufacturing method that can also be used for parts repair. This technology places corresponding coating powder materials on the surface of the substrate through different filler methods. After laser irradiation, it is melted simultaneously with a thin layer on the surface of the substrate, and then quickly solidifies to form a surface coating with extremely low dilution and metallurgical bonding with the substrate material, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties of the surface of the substrate material.
[0003] In the process of laser cladding of workpieces, powder needs to be fed to the cladding head, and different powder combinations are often used for cladding. However, material agglomeration, accumulation and uneven heating often occur during the feeding process, affecting the quality and speed of cladding. Therefore, a feeding device is needed to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment in view of the above-mentioned problems, which can solve the problem of low laser cladding efficiency caused by material agglomeration, accumulation and uneven heating during laser cladding.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment comprises a fixed skirt seat and an outer shell bracket, a storage tank is installed on the fixed skirt seat, a feed port is arranged on the top of the storage tank, and a discharge port is also arranged on the bottom, the discharge port is communicated with the laser outlet of the cladding head, a pulley transmission mechanism for connecting to a motor is fixed on the outer shell bracket, a driving gear is connected to the lower end of the pulley transmission mechanism, the driving gear is meshed with driven gears of different storage tanks through a shifting mechanism, an anti-caking turbine assembly is connected to one side of the driven gear, the anti-caking turbine assembly comprises a rotating shaft and turbine blades fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, a scraper is arranged at the end of the turbine blade, a screen plate assembly is arranged parallel to the scraper, the scraper is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft, and the screen plate assembly is detachably connected to the rotating shaft.
[0007] Furthermore, the turbine blades are fixedly connected around the rotating shaft and extend from the upper and lower spiral axes.
[0008] Furthermore, a water inlet and a water outlet are provided on the top of the storage tank, and a temperature sensor is provided at the water outlet. The high-temperature fluid enters the water bath heating layer from the water inlet, and the cooling fluid flows back to the water bath heating layer through the water outlet under the action of the circulating pump. The temperature sensor uses the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature as a feedback signal to realize feedback control and adjustment of the temperature.
[0009] Furthermore, the sieve plate assembly includes two layers of sieve plates, which are divided into an upper sieve plate and a lower sieve plate, and the upper sieve plate and the lower sieve plate are both provided with a plurality of circular holes opening downward.
[0010] Furthermore, the upper and lower spacing between the scraper and the screen plate assembly is less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the screen plate hole, so that the material can flow out of the screen plate hole smoothly.
[0011] Furthermore, the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate and the lower sieve plate have the same diameter and the sieve plate sizes are the same.
[0012] Furthermore, the upper sieve plate is a static sieve plate, and the lower sieve plate is a movable sieve plate.
[0013] Furthermore, the lower sieve plate can rotate freely within a range of 6°-10°.
[0014] Furthermore, the storage tank is provided with a heat-insulating layer, a water bath heating layer and an inner layer of the tank body, and the heating medium of the water bath heating layer is a high-temperature fluid.
[0015] Furthermore, there are multiple storage tanks, preferably 5.
[0016] Furthermore, the preheating range of the water bath heating is 100-150°C.
[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0018] 1. The device uses a shifting mechanism to switch between different material storage tanks according to needs, thereby realizing the switching of various cladding powders, saving time costs and improving cladding efficiency;
[0019] 2. Water bath heating can better achieve uniform heating and heat preservation of the storage tank, better preheating effect, and effectively prevent material agglomeration;
[0020] 3. The turbine anti-caking component is used to stir the material more evenly, and can achieve radial and axial stirring of the material, with good stirring effect. It is used for secondary anti-caking of materials and prevents the material from clogging the sieve holes of the lower sieve plate assembly;
[0021] 4. By setting up a sieve plate assembly and arranging two layers of sieve plates on the sieve plate assembly, the sieve plate can separate the powder particles for laser cladding more thoroughly, the powder particle size is uniform, the powder supply density is uniform, and the practicability is good. It avoids the agglomeration, accumulation and uneven heating of materials in the existing laser cladding feeding process, which leads to uneven thickness of the cladding layer, large cladding error and other problems, thereby ensuring the accuracy and controllability of powder supply and improving the stability and quality of the cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The present invention will be described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the water bath heating device in the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 is the turbine blade diagram;
[0026] Figure 4 This is the main view of the connection between the scraper and the screen plate;
[0027] Figure 5 This is the overlap position diagram of the upper and lower screen plate gaps when the material falls evenly;
[0028] Figure 6 This is the relative position diagram of the upper and lower sieve plates when the storage tank stops supplying materials.
[0029] Markings in the figure: 1-storage tank; 2-driving gear; 3-pulley transmission mechanism; 4-driven gear; 5-feeding port; 6-water inlet; 7-water outlet; 8-turbine blades; 9-water bath heating layer; 10-insulating layer; 11-fixed skirt; 12-shell bracket; 13-cladding head; 14-scraper; 15-upper sieve plate; 16-lower sieve plate; 17-rotating shaft; 18-circulating pump; 19-safety valve; 20-tank inner layer; 21-shifting mechanism; 22-heater; 23-temperature sensor; 24-discharging port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.
[0031] Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.
[0032] Example 1
[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment includes a fixed skirt 11 and an outer shell bracket 12, a storage tank 1 is installed on the fixed skirt 11, a feed port 5 is arranged on the top of the storage tank 1, and a discharge port 24 is also arranged on the bottom, the discharge port 24 is connected to the laser outlet of the cladding head 13, a pulley transmission mechanism 3 for connecting the motor is fixed on the outer shell bracket 12, a driving gear 2 is connected to the lower end of the pulley transmission mechanism 3, the driving gear 2 is meshed with the driven gear 4 of different storage tanks through a shifting mechanism 21, an anti-caking turbine assembly is connected to one side of the driven gear 4, the anti-caking turbine assembly includes a rotating shaft 17, and a turbine blade 8 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 17, a scraper 14 is arranged at the end of the turbine blade 8, a screen plate assembly is arranged parallel to the scraper 14, the scraper 14 is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft, and the screen plate assembly is detachably connected to the rotating shaft 17.
[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in the above specific embodiment, when the material passes through the anti-caking turbine mechanism, driven by the rotating shaft 17, the turbine blades 8 fixed to the rotating shaft can achieve radial and axial stirring of the material through the rotation of the turbine blades 8, thereby preventing the added material from agglomerating, and at the same time, the material temperature can be made more uniform by preheating. The sieve plate assembly is detachably connected to the rotating shaft, thereby facilitating the disassembly and installation of the sieve plate assembly.
[0035] Based on the above design, the turbine blades 8 are fixedly connected around the rotating shaft 17 and extend from the upper and lower spiral axes. The purpose of this arrangement is to make the storage tank 1 space large enough and to make the entire anti-caking turbine mechanism more evenly stressed during the stirring process, so as to facilitate the full stirring of various cladding material powders.
[0036] Specifically, a water inlet 6 and a water outlet 7 are provided on the top of the storage tank 1, and a temperature sensor 23 is provided at the water outlet 7. The high-temperature fluid enters the water bath heating layer 9 from the water inlet 6, and the cooling fluid flows back to the water bath heating layer 9 through the water outlet 6 under the action of the circulating pump 18. When the fluid temperature at the water outlet 7 reaches the preheating temperature, the inlet valve is closed through a feedback control signal. When the temperature at the water outlet 7 drops, the temperature sensor 23 uses the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature as a feedback signal to proportionally increase the flow rate of the heating fluid of the inlet valve to achieve feedback control and regulation of the temperature.
[0037] Based on the above design, the sieve plate assembly includes two layers of sieve plates, which are divided into an upper sieve plate 15 and a lower sieve plate 16. The upper sieve plate 15 and the lower sieve plate 16 are both provided with a plurality of circular holes opening downward. The cladding material powder is further screened to make the density more uniform.
[0038] Based on the above design, the vertical spacing between the scraper 14 and the sieve plate assembly is less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the sieve plate hole, and this design facilitates the material to flow out of the sieve plate hole smoothly, making the powder particle size uniform and meeting the feeding requirements.
[0039] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in combination with the above specific description, as a specific example, the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate 15 and the lower sieve plate 16 have the same aperture diameter and the same sieve plate size. The two layers of sieves are used to screen the cladding powder and the powder mixture to make their particle size and density uniform. In addition, the sieve plate assembly can be set with different mesh sieve hole diameter sizes, and the aperture can be set in a variety of models. It can be modularly designed. When cladding powders with different particle sizes and density requirements, sieve plate assemblies of different models and aperture sizes can be replaced, so as to more accurately control the particle size and density of the cladding powder.
[0040] As a more specific design, the upper sieve plate 15 is a static sieve plate, and the lower sieve plate 16 is a movable sieve plate. The lower sieve plate 16 can rotate freely at an angle of 6°-10°. When the turbine rotating shaft 17 does not rotate, the positions of the two sieve plates are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate 15 and the lower sieve plate 16 are in a staggered state, and the powder will not flow out of the sieve plate, which is equivalent to the valve being closed. When the turbine rotating shaft 17 rotates, the lower sieve plate 16 rotates 6°-10° and is locked by a ratchet mechanism (not shown), and completely overlaps with the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate 15, which is equivalent to the valve being opened, so that the cladding powder can be screened and fed. Figure 5 shown.
[0041] Specifically, the storage tank 1 is provided with a heat-insulating layer 10, a water bath heating layer 9 and a tank body inner layer 20, and the heating medium of the water bath heating layer 9 is a high-temperature fluid.
[0042] As a more specific design, the storage tanks 1 are multiple, preferably 5. This is beneficial for the device to switch different storage tanks as needed to achieve the switching of different cladding powders, has strong compatibility, and improves the cladding efficiency.
[0043] As a more specific design, the preheating range of the water bath heating is 100-150° C. At normal temperature and pressure, the preheating temperature is 100° C. By adjusting the adjustment knob of the heater, the pressure is adjusted to 1.2 atmospheres and increased to the upper limit of the preheating temperature of 150° C., which is conducive to more sufficient preheating of the powder in the storage tank 1 and preventing material agglomeration.
[0044] The working principle of this utility model:
[0045] This device is a feeding device during laser cladding. In order to make the cladding powder heated evenly, this device adopts a water bath heating method. The preheating range is set to 100-150 degrees Celsius by pressurization. The safety valve 19 at the top of the heater 22 can achieve constant pressure by releasing pressure. During the preheating process, the device makes a difference between the temperature sensor 23 of the water outlet 7 and the set temperature, and performs feedback control based on the difference, that is, the greater the temperature difference, the higher the speed of the circulation pump 18 on both sides of the heater 22, the higher the fluid circulation speed, and the temperature quickly reaches the set preheating temperature. In the storage tank 1, the turbine blades 8 drive the cladding powder to flip axially and radially by rotating, and at the same time reach the preheating temperature range through contact heat exchange to prevent the material powder from agglomerating. The material that falls to the bottom, under the action of the scraper 14, falls evenly through the gap of the sieve plate and enters the feeding link. The scraper 14 plays a secondary anti-caking role for the material. During the rotation of the turbine blades 8, the gaps of the upper and lower sieve plates just overlap to achieve uniform falling of the material. When the device stops working, that is, the turbine blades 8 stop rotating, the lower sieve plate 16 is reset under the action of the reset spring (not marked in the smaller figure of the device), and the ratchet mechanism (not marked in the smaller figure of the device) locks the gaps between the two sieve plates to be staggered, and the cladding powder stops falling and feeding.
[0046] In summary, the utility model provides a heat exchange equipment laser cladding feeding device, which solves the problems of material agglomeration, accumulation and uneven heating in the existing laser cladding feeding process, and realizes the switching of different cladding powders in different material storage tanks by setting a shift mechanism; realizes uniform heating of the storage tanks and effectively prevents material agglomeration by water bath heating; stirs the material more evenly by using a turbine anti-caking component, realizes sufficient radial and axial stirring of the material, and prevents material agglomeration for the second time by setting a sieve plate component, so that the powder particles for laser cladding are separated more thoroughly, the particle size of the powder is uniform, and the practicability is good, thereby ensuring the accuracy and controllability of powder supply, saving time cost and improving cladding efficiency.
[0047] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, but extends to any new features or any new combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.
Claims
1. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed skirt seat (11) and an outer shell support (12), wherein a storage tank (1) is installed on the fixed skirt seat (11), a feed port (5) is arranged on the top of the storage tank (1), and a discharge port (24) is arranged on the bottom, wherein the discharge port (24) is connected to the laser outlet of the cladding head (13), and a pulley transmission mechanism (3) for connecting to a motor is fixed on the outer shell support (12), and a driving gear (2) is connected to the lower end of the pulley transmission mechanism (3), and the driving gear (2 ) is meshed with driven gears (4) of different storage tanks through a shifting mechanism (21); one side of the driven gear (4) is connected to an anti-caking turbine assembly, the anti-caking turbine assembly includes a rotating shaft (17) and turbine blades (8) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; a scraper (14) is provided at the very end of the turbine blade; a sieve plate assembly is arranged parallel to the scraper (14); the scraper (14) is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft (17); and the sieve plate assembly is detachably connected to the rotating shaft (17).
2. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbine blades (8) are fixedly connected around the rotating shaft (17) and extend from the upper and lower spiral axes.
3. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the storage tank (1) is provided with a water inlet (6) and a water outlet (7), and a temperature sensor (23) is provided at the water outlet (7). High-temperature fluid enters the water bath heating layer (9) from the water inlet (6), and cooling fluid flows back to the water bath heating layer (9) through the water outlet (7) under the action of a circulating pump (18).
4. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve plate assembly comprises two layers of sieve plates, which are divided into an upper sieve plate (15) and a lower sieve plate (16). The upper sieve plate (15) and the lower sieve plate (16) are both provided with a plurality of circular holes opening downward.
5. The feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical spacing between the scraper (14) and the sieve plate assembly is less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the sieve plate hole, so that the material can flow out of the sieve plate hole smoothly.
6. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sieve holes of the upper sieve plate (15) and the lower sieve plate (16) have the same diameter and the sieve plate sizes are the same.
7. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper sieve plate (15) is a static sieve plate, and the lower sieve plate (16) is a movable sieve plate.
8. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower sieve plate (16) can rotate freely at an angle of 6°-10°.
9. A feeding device for laser cladding of heat exchange equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The storage tank (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (10), a water bath heating layer (9) and a tank body inner layer (20), and the heating medium of the water bath heating layer (9) is a high-temperature fluid.