Well cementation measuring instrument
By adding twelve high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers to the cementing measurement instrument and adopting surround measurement methods, combined with short source moment compensation measurement technology, the problems of limited measurement range and low reliability of results in the prior art are solved, and a detailed and comprehensive evaluation of cement cement quality is achieved, and the accuracy and reliability of measurement are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421119861.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-22
AI Technical Summary
The existing cementing measurement instruments lack multiple directional ultrasonic transducers, resulting in limited measurement range, insufficient imaging details, and the cement cement quality cannot be comprehensively evaluated. In addition, short source moment compensation measurement is insufficient, and it is susceptible to factors such as heavy mud, fluids in gas-containing wells and rapid formations, resulting in a reduction in the reliability of the measurement results.
A cementing measuring instrument was designed, including a cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument and a test module. The cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument is equipped with a pusher plate, a casing and a pusher arm. Twelve high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers are installed on the outside of the pusher plate. The outside of the pusher arm is equipped with a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer respectively. The cementing integrity is measured in six angle blocks by surround method, and the influence of external factors is reduced through short source moment compensation measurement technology.
Through the use of multiple directional ultrasonic transducers, a detailed and comprehensive evaluation of cement cement quality is achieved, which improves the accuracy and reliability of measurements and reduces the impact of external factors on the measurement results.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a cementing measuring instrument. Background Art
[0002] The cementing acoustic imaging logging tool is a tool that uses acoustic imaging technology to evaluate the cementing operation of oil wells. Cementing refers to the process of injecting cement slurry into the annulus between the well wall and the formation after drilling an oil and gas well, so as to fix the well underground and prevent the well wall from collapsing, while sealing different formations to prevent cross-contamination of fluids between formations. The quality of cementing operations has a vital impact on the production efficiency and safety of oil and gas wells. The cementing acoustic imaging logging tool evaluates the cementing quality by emitting sound waves and receiving reflected sound wave signals, using the propagation speed and attenuation characteristics of sound waves in different media.
[0003] However, in the prior art, existing cementing measurement instruments lack multiple directional ultrasonic transducers that can measure from different directions, which will limit the detail of imaging and the comprehensive evaluation of cement bonding quality, resulting in a limited measurement range. Failure to use short source moment compensation measurement may increase the impact of factors such as heavy mud, fluid in gas wells and fast formations on the measurement results, resulting in reduced reliability of the results. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the main purpose of the utility model is to provide a cementing measurement instrument.
[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a cementing measuring instrument, including a cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument and a test module, wherein the cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument is provided with a pusher plate, a casing and a pushing arm inside, twelve high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers are provided on the outside of the pusher plate, a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer are respectively provided on the outside of the pushing arm, and pole plates are provided on the outsides of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, and the pole plates are tightly attached to the inner wall of the casing.
[0006] As a preferred implementation, the distance between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer and between the two receivers between each of the pole plates is 152 mm.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument quantitatively measures the integrity of cement bonding outside the casing in six angle blocks including the wellbore in a surrounding manner.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the test module includes a transformer, a rectifier board, a voltage regulator board, a signal processing board and a well-caliber potentiometer. The input end of the transformer is connected to an external socket, the output end of the transformer is connected to the AC end of the rectifier board, the output positive and negative poles of the rectifier board are respectively connected to ports 1 and 7 of the voltage regulator board, and the output end of the voltage regulator board is connected to the input positive pole of the signal processing board.
[0009] As a preferred implementation, the output port A and the output port B of the signal processing board are connected to a well diameter potentiometer.
[0010] As a preferred implementation, the GND port of the signal processing board is connected to the 7 port of the voltage stabilizing board, and the OUT port of the signal processing board is connected to the output end of the transformer.
[0011] As a preferred implementation, the GND port of the signal processing board and the GND port of the voltage stabilizing board are both grounded.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the utility model are:
[0013] In the utility model, the cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument measures the cement bonding quality from both longitudinal and transverse directions. The acoustic system of 12 high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers installed on the pusher plate is used to quantitatively measure six 60° blocks around the casing. There are six pusher arms, each of which is equipped with a transmitting and receiving transducer. The transducer plate is pressed against the inner wall of the casing by a motor. The instrument uses short source moment compensation measurement, so that the measurement result is basically not affected by heavy mud, fluid in gas wells and fast formations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 Partial circuit diagram of the cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument provided by the utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the acoustic system structure of the cementing acoustic imaging logging tool provided by the utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a curve chart of on-site testing of the instrument provided by the utility model.
[0017] Legend: 1. Cementing acoustic imaging logging tool; 2. Test module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments.
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0020] Example 1
[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: including a cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument 1 and a test module, wherein the cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument 1 is provided with a pusher plate, a casing and a pusher arm inside, twelve high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers are provided on the outside of the pusher plate, a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer are provided on the outside of the pushing arm respectively, and plates are provided on the outsides of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, and the plates are tightly attached to the inner wall of the casing.
[0022] In this embodiment, the cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument 1 measures the cement bonding quality from both longitudinal and transverse directions. The acoustic system of 12 high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers installed on the pusher plate is used to quantitatively measure six 60° blocks around the casing. There are six pusher arms, each of which is equipped with a transmitting and receiving transducer. The transducer plate is pressed against the inner wall of the casing by a motor. The instrument uses short source moment compensation measurement, so that the measurement results are basically not affected by heavy mud, fluid in gas-bearing wells and fast formations. The instrument must be used in combination with the instrument during logging. The instrument uses acoustic transducer control technology to enhance the output of the plate transducer and the full-wave train transmitter. When working, the transmitting unit farthest from the required direction is emitted first. When the sound wave passes through the second unit from the first unit, the second unit is emitted. In this way, the effective sound wave energy can be increased by 4 times as the sound wave amplitude increases. The instrument provides a separate short section to measure the bonding of the cement and formation interface. Due to the use of acoustic wave emission control technology, the effect between the two interfaces is enhanced, so that the waveform interpretation result is more accurate. This highlights the improved variable density or waveform reality provided by SBIL, especially in soft formations.
[0023] Example 2
[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the distance between each plate from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer and between the two receivers is 152 mm. The arrangement structure of the transducer has two characteristics: 1. In order to obtain accurate results of sound wave measurement, it is best to use a compensating acoustic system and make the source moment at least equivalent to 3 wavelengths below the working frequency; 2. The working frequency of the transducer must maintain high sensitivity to the conditions outside the tube. For this reason, the working frequency of the transducer is selected to be 100kHz to meet the above two requirements.
[0025] The cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument 1 quantitatively measures the integrity of cement bonding outside the casing in a circumferential manner in six angle blocks including the wellbore; the test module includes a transformer, a rectifier board, a voltage regulator board, a signal processing board and a wellbore potentiometer, the input end of the transformer is connected to an external socket, the output end of the transformer is connected to the AC end of the rectifier board, the output positive and negative poles of the rectifier board are respectively connected to the 1 and 7 ports of the voltage regulator board, and the output end of the voltage regulator board is connected to the input positive pole of the signal processing board; the output port A and the output end B of the signal processing board are connected to the wellbore potentiometer; the GND port of the signal processing board is connected to the 7 port of the voltage regulator board, and the OUT port of the signal processing board is connected to the output end of the transformer; the GND port of the signal processing board and the 7 port of the voltage regulator board are both grounded.
[0026] Example 2
[0027] The LK6640 cementing acoustic imaging logging tool was used in the SW6-2HF well for a total of 19 days. Its performance indicators fully met the requirements of the drilling engineering design. It achieved the measurement of well inclination, azimuth, temperature, upper gamma, lower gamma, tool face and near-well inclination in the wellbore construction with a curvature of 6o / 30m. Its performance indicators were at an advanced level compared with similar equipment.
[0028] 1. The effectiveness and stability of the mechanical, electronic, sealing, seismic and wear resistance aspects of the LK6640 cementing acoustic imaging logging tool have been fully tested;
[0029] 2. The reliability of the LK6640 cementing acoustic imaging logging signal transmission method was verified in real-time. The equipment was put into the well for 5 consecutive operations. The transmitting and receiving equipment of the LK6640 cementing acoustic imaging logging worked normally, the wireless communication was never interrupted, and the link strength and data transmission capacity were very stable.
[0030] 3. LK6640 cementing acoustic imaging logging has been successfully applied. When the layers are alternating, the upper and lower gammas have obvious separation and regression trends, which can timely reflect the alternating changes of the layers.
[0031] Working principle: The instrument uses the acoustic transducer control technology to enhance the output of the plate transducer and the full-wave transmitter. When working, the transmitter unit farthest from the required direction will be emitted first. When the sound wave passes through the second unit from the first unit, the second unit will be emitted. In this way, the effective sound wave energy can be increased by 4 times with the increase of the sound wave amplitude. The instrument provides a separate short section to measure the cement-stratum interface. The effect between the two interfaces is enhanced by the use of acoustic wave emission control technology, so the waveform interpretation results are more accurate. This highlights the role of the improved variable density or characteristic waveform provided by this instrument, especially in soft formations. The upper connector of the instrument is a standard 32-core WTS plug, which can be connected to 1633.
[0032] The power board generates 5V, 15V and -15V required for the circuit board to work and 300V voltage required for the transducer to transmit; when the instrument is powered, the field effect tube Q3 generates a 7-10V DC voltage to supply U1 and U2, while R3 and C4 generate an 80KHz oscillation wave, and then generates two inverted square waves through the trigger, and then forms a 300V square wave in the primary of the transformer through Q1 and Q2; the secondary output of the transformer is rectified by CR3-CR6 and outputs a ±18V voltage to two three-terminal regulators U3 and U4, and +5V is generated from the voltage divider circuit through VR1. Note: The 300V DC voltage is generated through the voltage doubling circuit of CR1, CR2, C1, and C2; CR9 is to avoid possible damage caused by reverse voltage in the power supply circuit.
[0033] The capacitor board includes two "NOW" and "DELAY" transmitting capacitors; R3 and R4 are two charging resistors; there are seven different mixed, balanced inputs on the receiving board, and the gain is 20 times the preamplifier. The coupling capacitors and resistors at the output can provide a low-frequency roll-off of 15KHz; U2, U3, and U4 are used for the three relatively upper receiving transducers, which are selected by the analog switch U5, and the output is filtered and buffered by U13. The total gain of the receiving board from input to output is 100. A 15V logic level is required to select each receiving transducer U5. U6, U7, and U8 are used for the three relatively lower receiving transducers. The signal processing is basically the same as the three upper transducers. The output signal is output to the multiplexer U12 instead of directly to the common terminal; the preamplifier U1 is used for the VDL receiving transducer, and the output generates a roll-off of about 30KHz through the amplifier U10. U10B is a high-pass filter that can effectively suppress the noise on the line of the VDL signal. Its output is also sent to multiplexer U12;
[0034] Multiplexer U16 is used to send the outputs of the two accelerometers X and Y to U17 and short-circuit the input of U17 to ground when calibrating. A and B of U17 integrate and shape the output signals of the accelerometers through a low-pass filter composed of C3 and C4, with a time of about 0.1 seconds.
[0035] U12 is used to select a) VDL; b) bottom receiving transducer; c) an accelerometer and then send it to the common signal terminal;
[0036] The VDL transducer driver board consists of two identical output circuits, namely field effect transistors Q2, Q4 and their driver tubes Q1 and Q3. In fact, in order to discharge through Q2 and Q4, the capacitor of VDL is placed on the capacitor plate, and the sensor transformer can provide the necessary 300V pulse to the VDL transducer; the input transmission pulse of the VDL sensor is sent to U2, generating a 25us wide pulse to drive the "NOW" part of the VDL transducer. The same transmission pulse is also sent to U3 to generate a "delay" pulse. After a delay of 12us, the other part of U3 generates the 25us pulse required to drive the VDL "delay" part.
[0037] The transducer driver board contains 12 identical high-precision drive circuits to drive each transducer on the 6 plates. The 300V in the circuit is to charge the charging capacitor of the transducer. Since part of the wiring is in the mud, the length of the wire will be different. Each field effect tube IRF740 is driven by IRFD120 through a coupling transformer; two address decoders U1 and U2 select the transducer by decoding SEL0, SEL1 and SEL2. One is for the "NOW" transducer and the other is for the "delay" transducer. The output of the decoder can remain valid for 5us so that it can be emitted under the control of the "now" and "delay" pulses from the VDL driver board. Resistors R2 and R3 and test points PAD-N and PAD-D are used for testing when the circuit is working.
[0038] The motor control board consists of two circuits that are actually identical. Each circuit has three FET motors working. In board 1, a supplementary logic circuit is included to prevent the motor control signals M0 and M1 from becoming high at the same time. When M0 and M1 are both low, pins 3 and 4 of IC1 are both low, and when M0 and M1 are both high, pins 3 and 4 of IC1 are both low. Diodes D8 and D9 are to ensure that one of the two motor control lines M0 and M1 must be low before pin 3 or pin 4 of IC1 outputs a high level.
[0039] When the 4th pin of IC1 outputs a high level, Q3 will be turned on to the motor's MOT2 through S1 and the "ground" of the power supply. The high level output by the 4th pin of IC1 is delayed by R4 and C2 for 2ms, and the 150V power supply is added to the motor's MOT1 through Q1, so that the motor starts to work until the limit switch S1 works; when the motor is working, it must reach a relatively ideal state before issuing the "close" command. When the "close" command arrives, the 3rd pin of IC1 becomes high, and this signal is sent to the motor control board 2 to control the field effect tubes Q4, Q5 and Q6, while the "open" signal controls the field effect tubes Q1, Q2 and Q3. The diode D1 can protect the circuit board from possible damage by negative voltage. The Zener diode D2 can provide the 15V reference level required by the M0 and M1 logic circuits.
[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A cementing measurement instrument, comprising a cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument (1) and a test module, characterized in that: The cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument (1) is provided with a pusher plate, a casing and a pusher arm inside, twelve high-frequency directional ultrasonic transducers are provided on the outside of the pusher plate, a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer are provided on the outside of the pushing arm respectively, and plates are provided on the outside of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, and the plates are closely attached to the inner wall of the casing.
2. A cementing measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer and between the two receivers between each of the pole plates is 152 mm.
3. A cementing measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cementing acoustic imaging logging instrument (1) quantitatively measures the integrity of cement bonding outside the casing in six angle blocks including the wellbore in a circumferential manner.
4. A cementing measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test module includes a transformer, a rectifier board, a voltage regulator board, a signal processing board and a well-caliber potentiometer. The input end of the transformer is connected to an external socket, the output end of the transformer is connected to the AC end of the rectifier board, the positive and negative output poles of the rectifier board are respectively connected to ports 1 and 7 of the voltage regulator board, and the output end of the voltage regulator board is connected to the input positive pole of the signal processing board.
5. A cementing measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output port A and the output port B of the signal processing board are connected to the well diameter potentiometer.
6. A cementing measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The GND port of the signal processing board is connected to the 7 port of the voltage stabilizing board, and the OUT port of the signal processing board is connected to the output end of the transformer.
7. A cementing measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The GND port of the signal processing board and the 7-port of the voltage stabilizing board are both grounded.