Asymmetric load shield segment full-scale loading test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of test loading equipment, in particular to an asymmetric load shield segment full-scale loading test device which comprises a counter-force outer frame, a central cylinder, a jack, a pull rod, a baffle, a pull cylinder and an inclined strut assembly. A pull rod connecting area and an inclined strut connecting area are arranged on the central cylinder; a plurality of connecting holes are evenly formed in the pull rod connecting area, a blocking nail is fixedly arranged at one end of the pull rod, and the end, close to the blocking nail, of the pull rod penetrates through the connecting holes; the inclined strut assemblies are evenly distributed in the radian direction of the inclined strut connecting area. Aiming at the technical problem that the existing full-scale test loading equipment has defects, the full-scale test loading equipment for the shield tunnel, which can simulate the asymmetric load effect, is formed by combining the loading modes of pushing of the annular jack and tension of the local perforation, can simulate the symmetric load stress and the non-uniform load stress, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and the like. Therefore, the mechanical response characteristics of the shield tunnel disturbed by surrounding construction are determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of test loading equipment, in particular to a full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments. Background Art

[0002] The existing full-scale test loading equipment for shield tunnels is mainly suitable for symmetrical load forms, and the loading method is significantly different from the actual loading method, and it is unable to simulate the bearing performance of shield tunnels under complex load conditions. However, shield tunnels are affected by unilateral foundation pit excavation or ground building loads, and the loads they are subjected to are mostly asymmetric load forms. Therefore, the existing full-scale test loading equipment cannot accurately simulate the mechanical response of subway shield tunnels subjected to surrounding construction disturbances. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the technical problem that existing full-scale test loading equipment has defects, the utility model provides a full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments, which configures jacks and pull rods through a reaction force outer frame and a central cylinder to combine the loading methods of annular jack pushing and local perforation tension to form a full-scale test loading equipment for shield tunnels that can simulate asymmetric load effects. It can simulate both symmetrical load stress and non-uniformly distributed load stress, thereby clarifying the mechanical response characteristics of the shield tunnel subjected to surrounding construction disturbances.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the utility model is: a full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments, comprising a reaction force outer frame, a central cylinder, a jack, a pull rod, a baffle, a pull cylinder and a diagonal brace assembly; the reaction force outer frame is annular, the reaction force outer frame and the central cylinder are concentrically arranged, a loading area is formed between the reaction force outer frame and the central cylinder, and the loading area is used to place the shield segments; a plurality of jacks are evenly distributed on the reaction force outer frame along the annular direction, the output end of the jack faces the center of the reaction force outer frame, and a load-holding beam is fixedly arranged on the output end of the jack, and the load-holding beam is used to abut against the shield segment; the A tie rod connection area and a diagonal brace connection area are provided on the central cylinder, and the diagonal brace connection area is arranged opposite to the tie rod connection area; a plurality of connection holes are evenly arranged in the tie rod connection area, a stop nail is fixedly provided at one end of the tie rod, and the end of the tie rod close to the stop nail passes through the connection hole so that the stop nail abuts against the inner wall of the central cylinder, and the other end of the tie rod is dynamically connected to the pull cylinder, and the pull cylinder abuts against the shield segment through the baffle; the diagonal brace components are evenly distributed along the arc direction of the diagonal brace connection area, one end of the diagonal brace component is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace connection area, and the other end of the diagonal brace component is fixedly connected to the ground.

[0005] Optionally, the diagonal brace assembly includes m diagonal braces arranged in parallel along the height direction, and an angle exists between the diagonal braces and the ground, wherein m≥2.

[0006] Optionally, the reaction outer frame includes n outer frame reaction frames arranged along the height direction, the outer frame reaction frames are ring-shaped, and the n outer frame reaction frames are concentrically arranged; wherein n is a positive integer and n≥3.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of stabilizing blocks are provided on the outer frame reaction frame, and the jack is at least partially fixedly connected to the stabilizing blocks.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of hollow structural holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer frame reaction frame.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of cross fixing frames are arranged in the central cylinder, and the cross fixing frames are evenly arranged along the height direction.

[0010] Optionally, a line connecting the output end of the jack and the center does not coincide with a line connecting the pull rod and the center.

[0011] Optionally, the central angle corresponding to the projection of the tie rod connection area onto the bottom surface of the central cylinder is a, satisfying 0°<a≤180°.

[0012] Optionally, a support is provided in the loading area, the bottom of the support is used for fixed connection with the ground, the support includes a first connection part and a second connection part, the first connection part is used for fixed connection with the inner wall of the shield segment, and the second connection part is used for fixed connection with the outer wall of the shield segment.

[0013] Beneficial Effects

[0014] The technical solution provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: in response to the technical problem of defects in existing full-scale test loading equipment, the utility model configures jacks and pull rods through a reaction force outer frame and a central cylinder to combine the loading methods of annular jack pushing and local perforation tension, thereby forming a full-scale test loading equipment for a shield tunnel that can simulate asymmetric load effects, which can simulate both symmetrical load stress and non-uniformly distributed load stress, thereby clarifying the mechanical response characteristics of the shield tunnel subjected to surrounding construction disturbances. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments proposed in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments proposed in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments proposed in the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to further understand the content of the utility model, the utility model is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The words "first", "second", etc. described in the present utility model are set for the convenience of describing the technical solution of the present utility model, and have no specific limiting effect. They are all general references and do not constitute a limiting effect on the technical solution of the present utility model. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other. In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the insides of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. Multiple technical solutions in the same embodiment, and multiple technical solutions in different embodiments, can be arranged and combined to form new technical solutions that do not have contradictions or conflicts, all of which are within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Combined with Figure 1-3This embodiment proposes a full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments, including a reaction frame 10, a central cylinder 11, a jack 12, a tie rod 13, a baffle 14, a pull cylinder 15 and a diagonal brace assembly 16. The reaction frame 10 is annular, and the reaction frame 10 and the central cylinder 11 are concentrically arranged. A loading area 100 is formed between the reaction frame 10 and the central cylinder 11, and the loading area 100 is used to place the shield segments; a number of jacks 12 are evenly distributed on the reaction frame 10 along the annular direction, and the output end of the jack 12 faces the center of the reaction frame 10. A load-holding beam 17 is fixedly provided at the output end of the jack 12, and the load-holding beam 17 is used to abut against the shield segment; a tie rod connection area 201 and a diagonal brace connection area 202 are provided on the central cylinder 11, and the diagonal brace connection area 202 is connected to the tie rod connection area 201. The connection area 201 is relatively arranged; a number of connection holes are evenly arranged in the pull rod connection area 201, a stop nail 18 is fixedly arranged at one end of the pull rod 13, and the end of the pull rod 13 close to the stop nail 18 passes through the connection hole so that the stop nail 18 abuts against the inner wall of the center cylinder 11, and the other end of the pull rod 13 is dynamically connected to the pull cylinder 15, and the pull cylinder 15 abuts against the shield segment through the baffle 14; the diagonal brace assembly 16 is evenly distributed along the arc direction of the diagonal brace connection area 202, one end of the diagonal brace assembly 16 is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace connection area 202, and the other end of the diagonal brace assembly 16 is fixedly connected to the ground.

[0022] The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments of this embodiment configures the jacks 12 and the pull rods 13 through the reaction force outer frame 10 and the central cylinder 11, so as to combine the loading methods of the annular jack 12 pushing and the local perforation tension, thereby forming a full-scale test loading equipment for shield tunnels that can simulate the local deviatoric stress. It can simulate both symmetrical load stress and non-uniform load stress, thereby clarifying the mechanical response characteristics of the shield tunnel subjected to the surrounding construction disturbance.

[0023] The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments of this embodiment mainly comprises a reaction force outer frame 10, a central cylinder 11, a jack 12, a pull rod 13, a pull cylinder 15 and a diagonal brace assembly 16. Among them, a loading area 100 is formed between the reaction force outer frame 10 and the central cylinder 11, and the shield segments to be tested are placed in the loading area 100. When conducting a full-scale test of a shield tunnel, a shield tunnel structure consisting of three rings of shield segments is generally placed in the loading area 100 along the height direction.

[0024] In this embodiment, the reaction force outer frame 10 is annular and has the characteristics of symmetrical force. The jacks 12 in this embodiment are evenly distributed on the reaction force outer frame 10 along the annular direction, which means that a number of jacks 12 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction of the reaction force outer frame 10. The reaction force outer frame 10 and the jacks 12 can be used for annular jacking loading, and the load-holding beam 17 is used to transfer the thrust of the jacks 12 to the shield segment. When the loading of the jacks 12 remains consistent, the situation of symmetrical load force can be simulated. It can be imagined that when the jacks 12 are arranged along the annular direction, and the jacking loading of the jacks 12 in the local area is different from that in the rest of the area, the situation of non-uniform load force can be simulated to a certain extent, such as simulating the normal load situation when the shield tunnel structure is placed vertically. Furthermore, since the shield segment is placed with three rings along the height direction, the full-scale loading test device for the asymmetric load shield segment of this embodiment can also simulate the asymmetric load between the rings, that is, different loading conditions of jacks 12 of different heights corresponding to shield tunnel structures with different rings are used, so that different horizontal loads are applied between adjacent shield tunnel structure rings. This form can be used to simulate the uneven stress condition of the shield tunnel structure after it escapes from the shield tail.

[0025] And, in this embodiment, the central cylinder 11, the tie rod 13 and the pull cylinder 15 can be used for local perforation tensile loading, thereby simulating the local deviatoric stress. The tie rod 13 is connected to the central cylinder 11 through the connection hole located in the tie rod connection area 201. Similar to the layout of the jack 12, the uniform layout of the tie rod 13 relative to the tie rod connection area 201 also means that it is uniformly arranged in both the arc direction and the height direction.

[0026] Since the tie rod connection area 201 provided on the central cylinder 11 only occupies a partial area of ​​the central cylinder 11, the tension applied by the tie rod 13 to the shield tunnel structure causes an eccentric load to be formed on the shield tunnel structure. Taking the shallow buried condition as an example, the load on the outer side of the shield segment is first loaded to the normal design load, and then different forms of tension are applied to the inside of the segment through the tie rod 13, such as applying tension to the middle ring in the middle, so as to simulate the stress and deformation law of the shield tunnel structure under the adjacent foundation pit excavation, adjacent surface building loading or adjacent tunnel line construction.

[0027] In the process of simulating asymmetric load action, the baffle 14 is used to transfer tension to the shield segment, and the baffle nail 18 is used to transfer tension to the central cylinder 11.

[0028] Since the layout of the tie rod 13 and the pull cylinder 15 is used to simulate eccentric load, the tie rod 13 only needs to act on a local area of ​​the shield segment. In one embodiment, the central angle corresponding to the projection of the tie rod connection area 201 to the bottom surface of the central cylinder 11 is a, and 0°<a≤180°. Preferably, the central angle a can be greater than 90°.

[0029] In this embodiment, the diagonal brace assembly 16 is used to provide a reaction force for the eccentric load for the central cylinder 11. One end of each diagonal brace assembly 16 is connected to the diagonal brace connection area 202, and the other end is connected to the ground. The diagonal brace connection area 202 is arranged relative to the tie rod connection area 201 to ensure that the direction of the reaction force provided corresponds to the eccentric load direction provided by the tie rod 13. The diagonal brace assembly 16 may include m diagonal braces 161 arranged in parallel along the height direction. The diagonal braces 161 are generally I-beams. m is generally 2 or more. The number of diagonal braces 161 is determined according to test needs. There is an angle between the diagonal brace 161 and the ground, which is generally 45°, so that the reaction force can be better provided.

[0030] In this embodiment, the reaction frame 10 can be composed of n outer frame reaction frames 101 arranged in parallel along the height direction. In general tests, three rings of shield segments will be placed in the loading area 100 along the height direction. Therefore, the number of outer frame reaction frames 101 can also be 3. At this time, correspondingly, three rows of jacks 12 are also arranged along the height direction. When the number of rings of the shield segment is more, n can be greater than 3.

[0031] In the process of simulating asymmetric load action, that is, under eccentric load conditions, the shield segment may undergo horizontal displacement or rotation due to eccentric load, and the shield segment needs to be fixed at this time. To this end, in one embodiment, a support 19 is provided in the loading area 100, and the bottom of the support 19 is fixedly connected to the ground. The support 19 includes a first connection portion 191 and a second connection portion 192. The first connection portion 191 is used to be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield segment, and the second connection portion 192 is used to be fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield segment, so that the shield segment is fully fixed through the fixed connection between the support 19 and the shield segment. It is conceivable that one or more supports 19 can be provided, and a corresponding number of supports 19 can be provided according to actual needs. And, when more than one support 19 is provided, the supports 19 can be evenly distributed in the loading area to make the fixing force on the shield segment relatively uniform; or, the layout of the supports 19 can be arranged non-uniformly according to the specific conditions of the eccentric load experiment.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of stabilizing blocks 102 may be provided on the outer frame reaction frame 101, and the jack 12 is at least partially fixedly connected to the stabilizing blocks 102. The stabilizing blocks 102 are structures that are fixedly connected to the outer frame reaction frame 101 to improve the overall stability of the outer frame reaction frame 101. In a conceivable embodiment, the stabilizing blocks 102 are piles, the bottom of which can be fixed to the ground, and the piles penetrate through the plurality of outer frame reaction frames 101 from bottom to top to form a plurality of outer frame reaction frames 101 into a stable whole.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of hollow structural holes 103 may be evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer frame reaction frame 101. The hollow structural holes 103 are generally circular, but may also be other geometric shapes. The main purpose of providing the hollow structural holes 103 is to save the material of the outer frame reaction frame 101, reduce the overall weight and save costs.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of cross fixing frames 111 may be further disposed in the central cylinder 11 . The cross fixing frames 111 are evenly arranged along the height direction. The cross fixing frames 111 are preferably cross steel frames for reinforcing the central cylinder 11 .

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the line connecting the output end of the jack 12 and the center does not coincide with the line connecting the pull rod 13 and the center, so that the eccentric load formed by the tension of the pull rod 13 and the load formed by the thrust of the jack 12 can be distinguished. On the one hand, the eccentric load simulation can be realized more realistically. On the other hand, since the arrangement of the pull rod 13 requires the opening of a connecting hole and the arrangement of the pull cylinder 15, this embodiment can realize the arrangement of the connecting hole and the pull cylinder 15, and prevent the connecting hole from being subjected to forces other than tension, thereby reducing unexpected influences.

[0036] The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation methods, which are not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creative design without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments, characterized in that: It includes a reaction force outer frame, a center cylinder, a jack, a pull rod, a baffle, a pull cylinder and a diagonal brace assembly; The reaction force outer frame is annular, the reaction force outer frame and the central cylinder are arranged concentrically, and a loading area is formed between the reaction force outer frame and the central cylinder, and the loading area is used to place shield segments; A plurality of the jacks are evenly distributed on the reaction force outer frame along the circumferential direction, the output ends of the jacks face the center of the reaction force outer frame, and a load-holding beam is fixedly provided at the output end of the jack, and the load-holding beam is used to abut against the shield segment; The central cylinder is provided with a tie rod connection area and a diagonal brace connection area, and the diagonal brace connection area is arranged opposite to the tie rod connection area; A plurality of connection holes are evenly arranged in the tie rod connection area, a retaining nail is fixedly provided at one end of the tie rod, and the end of the tie rod close to the retaining nail passes through the connection hole so that the retaining nail abuts against the inner wall of the central cylinder, and the other end of the tie rod is dynamically connected to the pull cylinder, and the pull cylinder abuts against the shield segment through the baffle plate; The diagonal brace components are evenly distributed along the arc direction of the diagonal brace connection area, one end of the diagonal brace component is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace connection area, and the other end of the diagonal brace component is fixedly connected to the ground.

2. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diagonal brace assembly includes m diagonal braces arranged in parallel along the height direction, and an angle exists between the diagonal braces and the ground, wherein m≥2.

3. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction force outer frame includes n outer frame reaction force frames arranged along the height direction, the outer frame reaction force frames are ring-shaped, and the n outer frame reaction force frames are concentrically arranged; wherein n is a positive integer and n≥3.

4. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of stabilizing blocks are arranged on the outer frame reaction frame, and at least a part of the jack is fixedly connected to the stabilizing blocks.

5. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of hollow structural holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer frame reaction frame.

6. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of cross fixing frames are arranged in the central cylinder, and the cross fixing frames are evenly arranged along the height direction.

7. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The line connecting the output end of the jack and the center does not coincide with the line connecting the pull rod and the center.

8. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The central angle corresponding to the projection of the tie rod connection area onto the bottom surface of the central cylinder is a, which satisfies 0°<a≤180°.

9. The full-scale loading test device for asymmetric load shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A support is provided in the loading area, the bottom of the support is used for fixed connection with the ground, the support includes a first connection part and a second connection part, the first connection part is used for fixed connection with the inner wall of the shield segment, and the second connection part is used for fixed connection with the outer wall of the shield segment.

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