Gasification burner

Abstract

The utility model provides a gasification burner. The gasification burner comprises a first spraying component, the first spraying part comprises a first inner sleeve, a first middle sleeve and a first outer sleeve; the two ends of the first inner sleeve are a first connecting end and a first spraying end, the first inner sleeve is sleeved with the first middle sleeve, one end of the first middle sleeve is connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve in a sealed mode, the other end of the first middle sleeve is in a free state, and the first middle sleeve is sleeved with the first outer sleeve, and one end of the first outer sleeve is connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve in a sealed mode. The other end is in a free state; an annular first fuel ejection opening is formed between the end, in the free state, of the first outer sleeve and the first ejection end, and a disturbance cavity is formed between the end, in the free state, of the first middle sleeve and the first fuel ejection opening. An annular fuel discharge port is formed between the end, in the free state, of the first middle sleeve and the inner wall of the first outer sleeve, and an annular disturbance gas discharge port is formed between the end, in the free state, of the first middle sleeve and the outer wall of the first inner sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a gasification burner. Background Art

[0002] In the field of coal gasification technology, a gasification burner is used to fully mix the fuel (pulverized coal, water-coal slurry or other) and the oxidant (oxygen, air or other) introduced, burn them efficiently, and finally convert them into synthesis gas. The fuel nozzles of existing gasification burners are all in a circular shape. In actual use, it is easy for the amount of fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle to be uneven, which in turn causes local overheating and damage to the burner head. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a gasification burner which can ensure the uniformity of fuel spraying, prevent the occurrence of local over-temperature, which may lead to the phenomenon of damage to the burner head, and thus prolong the service life of the burner.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0005] A gasification burner comprises: a first ejection component;

[0006] The first ejection component comprises a first inner sleeve, a first middle sleeve and a first outer sleeve;

[0007] The two ends of the first inner sleeve are respectively a first connection end and a first ejection end; the first middle sleeve is sleeved on the first inner sleeve and one end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve, and the other end is in a free state; the first outer sleeve is sleeved on the first middle sleeve and one end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve, and the other end is in a free state;

[0008] The axis of the first inner sleeve coincides with the axis of the first middle sleeve, so that a disturbance gas channel with a circular cross section is formed between the two, and a disturbance gas inlet hole for allowing external gas to enter the disturbance gas channel is provided on the first middle sleeve; the axis of the first outer sleeve coincides with the axis of the first middle sleeve, so that a first fuel channel with a circular cross section is formed between the two, and a first fuel inlet hole for allowing external fuel to enter the first fuel channel is provided on the first outer sleeve;

[0009] The free end of the first outer sleeve and the first ejection end are located in the same plane, and a first annular fuel ejection port is formed therebetween. In the extension direction of the axis of the first middle sleeve, there is a distance between the free end of the first middle sleeve and the first ejection end, so that a disturbance cavity is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve and the first fuel ejection port. A circular fuel discharge port is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve and the inner wall of the first outer sleeve. The fuel in the first fuel channel enters the disturbance cavity through the fuel discharge port. A circular disturbance gas discharge port is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve and the outer wall of the first inner sleeve. The gas in the disturbance gas channel enters the disturbance cavity through the disturbance gas discharge port to impact the fuel entering the disturbance cavity. The fuel in the disturbance cavity is impacted by the gas and then ejected through the first fuel ejection port.

[0010] A connecting component is arranged on the outer wall of the first outer sleeve, so that the first spraying component can be fixed on the external environment component through the connecting component.

[0011] Preferably, a first swirl device is provided on the disturbance gas outlet, so that the gas in the disturbance gas channel flows through the first swirl device and then is ejected from the disturbance gas outlet.

[0012] Preferably, it further comprises: a second ejection component;

[0013] The second ejection component includes a second outer sleeve;

[0014] The two axial ends of the second outer sleeve are respectively a second connecting end and a second ejection end, the first inner sleeve is sleeved on the second outer sleeve, and the axes of the two coincide, so that a first combustion-supporting agent channel with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween, and a first combustion-supporting agent inlet hole for allowing external combustion-supporting agent to enter the first combustion-supporting agent channel is provided on the first inner sleeve;

[0015] A first flange is provided on the first connecting end, and a second flange is provided on the outer wall of the second outer sleeve. The first flange is connected to the second flange so that the first connecting end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the second outer sleeve. The first ejection end and the second ejection end are located in the same plane, and a first annular combustion-aiding agent ejection port is formed therebetween, so that the combustion-aiding agent in the first combustion-aiding agent channel can be ejected through the first combustion-aiding agent ejection port.

[0016] Preferably, a second swirl device is provided on the first combustion-aiding agent nozzle, so that the combustion-aiding agent in the first combustion-aiding agent channel flows through the second swirl device and then is ejected from the first combustion-aiding agent nozzle.

[0017] Preferably, the second ejection component further includes a second inner sleeve;

[0018] The second inner sleeve has two axial ends, respectively, of a third connecting end and a third ejection end; the second outer sleeve is sleeved on the second inner sleeve, and the axes of the two coincide, so that a steam channel with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween; the second outer sleeve is provided with a steam inlet hole for allowing external steam to enter the steam channel;

[0019] The second connecting end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the second inner sleeve, the second ejection end and the third ejection end are located in the same plane, and a circular steam ejection outlet is formed therebetween, so that the steam in the steam channel can be ejected through the steam ejection outlet.

[0020] Preferably, it further comprises a third ejection component;

[0021] The third ejection component includes a third outer sleeve;

[0022] The two axial ends of the third outer sleeve are respectively a feed end and a fourth ejection end; the second inner sleeve is sleeved on the third outer sleeve, and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a cooling gas channel with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween; a cooling gas inlet hole is provided on the second inner sleeve for allowing external cooling gas to enter the cooling gas channel;

[0023] A third flange is provided on the third connecting end, and a fourth flange is provided on the outer wall of the third outer sleeve. The third flange is connected to the fourth flange so that the third connecting end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the third outer sleeve. The third ejection end and the fourth ejection end are located in the same plane, and a circular cooling gas ejection port is formed therebetween, so that the cooling gas in the cooling gas channel can be ejected through the cooling gas ejection port.

[0024] Preferably, it also includes a temperature collection device;

[0025] The temperature collection device is arranged on the cooling gas outlet. The number of the temperature collection device is one or more. When the number of the temperature collection device is multiple, the multiple temperature collection devices are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cooling gas outlet.

[0026] Preferably, the third ejection component further includes a third inner sleeve and an oxidant inlet pipe;

[0027] The two axial ends of the third inner sleeve are respectively a closed end in a closed state and a fifth ejection end having a second combustion-supporting agent ejection port. The third inner sleeve is fixedly arranged inside the third outer sleeve, and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a second fuel channel with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween. A second fuel inlet hole for allowing external fuel to enter the second fuel channel is arranged on the feed end.

[0028] The fourth ejection end and the fifth ejection end are located in the same plane, and a second fuel ejection port is formed between the fourth ejection end and the fifth ejection end, so that the fuel in the second fuel channel can be ejected through the second fuel ejection port.

[0029] A second combustion aid inlet hole is provided on the side wall of the third inner sleeve, and a mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the third outer sleeve. The combustion aid inlet pipe passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the second combustion aid inlet hole, so that external combustion aid can enter the third inner sleeve through the combustion aid inlet pipe and be sprayed out through the second combustion aid nozzle.

[0030] Preferably, a cloth component is provided on the closed end, and the cloth component is in a conical shape with an axis coinciding with an axis of the second fuel channel and gradually narrowing toward the second fuel inlet hole.

[0031] Preferably, a third swirl device is provided on the second combustion-aiding agent nozzle, so that the combustion-aiding agent in the third inner sleeve flows through the third swirl device and then is ejected from the second combustion-aiding agent nozzle.

[0032] The gasification burner of the utility model adopts a technical solution in which the gas in the disturbance gas channel enters the disturbance cavity through the disturbance gas exhaust port to impact the fuel entering the disturbance cavity, and the fuel in the disturbance cavity is ejected through the first fuel ejection port after being impacted by the gas. This can ensure the uniformity of fuel ejection, prevent local overheating, and cause damage to the burner head, thereby extending its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a gasification burner of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first ejection component in FIG.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the second ejection component in FIG.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the third ejection component in FIG.

[0037] In the figure: 1-first ejection component; 2-first inner sleeve; 3-first middle sleeve; 4-first outer sleeve; 5-first connection end; 6-first ejection end; 7-disturbance gas channel; 8-disturbance gas inlet hole; 9-first fuel channel; 10-first fuel inlet hole; 11-first fuel ejection outlet; 12-disturbance cavity; 13-fuel outlet; 14-disturbance gas outlet; 15-first swirl device; 16-second ejection component; 17-second outer sleeve; 18-second connection end; 19-second ejection end; 20-first combustion-supporting agent channel; 21-first combustion-supporting agent inlet hole; 22-first combustion-supporting agent ejection outlet; 23-first flange; 24-second flange; 25-second swirl device; 26-second inner sleeve; 27-third connection End; 28-third ejection end; 29-steam channel; 30-steam inlet hole; 31-steam outlet; 32-third ejection component; 33-third outer sleeve; 34-feeding end; 35-fourth ejection end; 36-cooling gas channel; 37-cooling gas inlet hole; 38-third flange; 39-fourth flange; 40-cooling gas outlet; 41-temperature collection device; 42-third inner sleeve; 43-combustion aid inlet pipe; 44-second fuel inlet hole; 45-closed end; 46-second combustion aid outlet; 47-fifth ejection end; 48-second fuel channel; 49-second fuel outlet; 50-second combustion aid inlet hole; 51-mounting hole; 52-cloth component; 53-third swirl device; 54-connecting component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the gasification burner of the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a gasification burner comprises: a first ejection component 1. The first ejection component 1 comprises a first inner sleeve 2, a first middle sleeve 3 and a first outer sleeve 4. The two ends of the first inner sleeve 2 are a first connection end 5 and a first ejection end 6 respectively. The first middle sleeve 3 is sleeved on the first inner sleeve 2 and one end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve 2, and the other end is in a free state. The first outer sleeve 4 is sleeved on the first middle sleeve 3 and one end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve 2, and the other end is in a free state. The axis of the first inner sleeve 2 coincides with the axis of the first middle sleeve 3, so that a disturbance gas channel 7 with a circular cross section is formed between the two. A disturbance gas inlet hole 8 for allowing external gas to enter the disturbance gas channel 7 is provided on the first middle sleeve 3. The axis of the first outer sleeve 4 coincides with the axis of the first middle sleeve 3, so that a first fuel channel 9 with a circular cross section is formed between the two. A first fuel inlet hole 10 for allowing external fuel to enter the first fuel channel 9 is provided on the first outer sleeve 4. The free end of the first outer sleeve 4 and the first ejection end 6 are located in the same plane, and a circular first fuel ejection port 11 is formed therebetween. In the extension direction of the axis of the first middle sleeve 3, there is a distance between the free end of the first middle sleeve 3 and the first ejection end 6, so that a disturbance cavity 12 is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve 3 and the first fuel ejection port 11. A circular fuel accompanying outlet 13 is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve 3 and the inner wall of the first outer sleeve 4. The fuel in the first fuel channel 9 enters the disturbance cavity 12 through the fuel accompanying outlet 13. A circular disturbance gas exhaust port 14 is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve 3 and the outer wall of the first inner sleeve 2. The gas in the disturbance gas channel 7 enters the disturbance cavity 12 through the disturbance gas exhaust port 14 to impact the fuel entering the disturbance cavity 12. The fuel in the disturbance cavity 12 is impacted by the gas and then ejected through the first fuel exhaust port 11. By adopting such a technical solution, the disturbance gas can impact and disturb the fuel in the disturbance cavity 12, so that the fuel can be uniformly ejected from the annular first fuel ejection port 11, thereby preventing local overheating and causing damage to the burner head, thereby extending its service life. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the figure, a connecting component 54 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the first outer sleeve 4, so that the pneumatic burner can be installed on the external environment equipment (such as a gasifier) ​​through the connecting component 54, wherein the connecting component 54 can be a flange plate mounted on the first outer sleeve 4, but is not limited to this, and can also be other components that can achieve the design purpose.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, a first swirl device 15 is provided on the disturbance gas outlet 14, so that the gas in the disturbance gas channel 7 flows through the first swirl device 15 and then ejects from the disturbance gas outlet 14. In this way, the disturbance gas can enter the disturbance cavity 12 from the disturbance gas outlet 14 in a swirl state, thereby improving the uniformity of the disturbance of the fuel entering the disturbance cavity 12, thereby significantly improving the circumferential uniformity of the fuel at the first fuel ejection port 11, and there is no need to worry about problems such as wear or foreign matter clogging.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] Based on the first embodiment, Figure 1 , 3 As shown, it also includes: a second ejection component 16. The second ejection component 16 includes a second outer sleeve 17. The two axial ends of the second outer sleeve 17 are respectively a second connecting end 18 and a second ejection end 19. The first inner sleeve 2 is sleeved on the second outer sleeve 17, and the axes of the two coincide, so that a first combustion-aiding agent channel 20 with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween. A first combustion-aiding agent inlet hole 21 is provided on the first inner sleeve 2 to allow external combustion-aiding agent to enter the first combustion-aiding agent channel 20. The first connecting end 5 is tightly connected to the outer wall of the second outer sleeve 17, and the first ejection end 6 and the second ejection end 19 are located in the same plane, and a first circular combustion-aiding agent ejection port 22 is formed therebetween, so that the combustion-aiding agent in the first combustion-aiding agent channel 20 can be ejected through the first combustion-aiding agent ejection port 22. In this way, the combustion-aiding agent from the first combustion-aiding agent ejection port 22 can assist the combustion of the fuel ejected from the first fuel ejection port 11, so that it can be fully burned. It should be noted that in actual production, such as Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 2 , the first flange 23 can be fixedly arranged on the first connecting end 5. Figure 3 As shown, a second flange 24 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second outer sleeve 17, and the first flange 23 is connected to the second flange 24, thereby achieving the purpose of sealingly connecting the first connecting end 5 to the outer wall of the second outer sleeve 17, so that the first spray component 1 and the second spray component 16 can be easily disassembled or installed, which brings convenience to the production or maintenance of the two.

[0044] Specifically, Figure 3As shown, a second swirl device 25 is provided on the first oxidant nozzle 22, so that the oxidant in the first oxidant channel 20 flows through the second swirl device 25 and then is ejected from the first oxidant nozzle 22. In this way, the oxidant can be ejected from the first oxidant nozzle 22 in a swirl manner, thereby making it more fully mixed with the fuel ejected from the first fuel nozzle 11. In actual work, the swirl intensity of the fuel ejected from the first fuel nozzle 11 and / or the oxidant ejected from the first oxidant nozzle 22 can be adjusted by controlling the flow ratio of the disturbance gas lift and the oxidant entering the first oxidant channel 20, so that the gasification flame morphology can be adapted to the actual operating conditions.

[0045] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the second ejection component 16 also includes a second inner sleeve 26. The two axial ends of the second inner sleeve 26 are respectively a third connection end 27 and a third ejection end 28. The second outer sleeve 17 is sleeved on the second inner sleeve 26, and the axes of the two coincide, so that a steam channel 29 with a circular cross-section is formed between the two. A steam inlet hole 30 is provided on the second outer sleeve 17 to allow external steam to enter the steam channel 29. The second connection end 18 is tightly connected to the outer wall of the second inner sleeve 26, the second ejection end 19 and the third ejection end 28 are located in the same plane, and a circular steam ejection port 31 is formed between the two, so that the steam in the steam channel 29 can be ejected through the steam ejection port 31. In actual work, steam is one of the gasification reactants. In the prior art, steam is ejected by mixing with the oxidant ejected from the first oxidant ejection port 22. In order to avoid steam condensation, the oxidant ejected from the first oxidant ejection port 22 needs to be preheated to above the steam saturation temperature. By adopting the above technical solution, steam is introduced alone through the steam channel 29 and is not mixed with the combustion aid. Therefore, the preheating temperature of the combustion aid can be reduced and energy can be saved. At the same time, the swirl intensity of the steam / combustion aid can be adjusted by controlling the flow ratio of the steam sprayed from the steam outlet 31 and the combustion aid sprayed from the first combustion aid outlet 22, so that the gasification flame shape can adapt to the actual operating conditions.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] Based on the second embodiment, Figure 1 , 4As shown, it also includes a third ejection component 32. The third ejection component 32 includes a third outer sleeve 33. The two axial ends of the third outer sleeve are respectively a feed end 34 and a fourth ejection end 35. The second inner sleeve 26 is sleeved on the third outer sleeve 33, and the axes of the two coincide, so that a cooling gas channel 36 with a circular cross-section is formed between the two. A cooling gas inlet hole 37 is provided on the second inner sleeve 26 to allow external cooling gas to enter the cooling gas channel 36. The third connecting end 27 is tightly connected to the outer wall of the third outer sleeve 33, and the third ejection end 28 and the fourth ejection end 35 are located in the same plane, and a circular cooling gas ejection port 40 is formed between the two, so that the cooling gas in the cooling gas channel 36 can be ejected through the cooling gas ejection port 40. In this way, the gasification burner can be cooled by the cooling gas flowing through the cooling gas channel 36 and ejected from the gas ejection port 40, thereby further extending the service life of the gasification burner. It should be noted that in actual production, such as Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 3 , a third flange 38 can be fixedly arranged on the third connection end 27. Figure 4 As shown, the fourth flange 39 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the third outer sleeve 33, and the third flange 38 is connected with the fourth flange 39, thereby achieving the purpose of sealingly connecting the third connecting end 27 to the outer wall of the third outer sleeve 33, so that the second spray component 16 and the third spray component 32 can be easily disassembled or installed, which brings convenience to the production or maintenance of the two.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the cooling gas outlet 40 further includes a temperature acquisition device 41, which is disposed on the cooling gas outlet 40. The number of the temperature acquisition devices 41 is one or more. When the number of the temperature acquisition devices 41 is multiple, the multiple temperature acquisition devices 41 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cooling gas outlet 40. In this way, the amount of cooling gas entering the cooling gas channel 36 can be adjusted according to the temperature value at the cooling gas outlet 40 collected by the temperature acquisition device 41, so as to achieve the best cooling effect.

[0049] Embodiment 4

[0050] Based on Example 3, Figure 1 , 4As shown, the third ejection component 32 further includes a third inner sleeve 42 and an oxidant inlet pipe 43. The two axial ends of the third inner sleeve 42 are a closed end 45 in a closed state and a fifth ejection end 47 having a second oxidant ejection port 46. The third inner sleeve 42 is fixedly arranged inside the third outer sleeve 33, and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a second fuel channel 48 with a circular cross section is formed therebetween. A second fuel inlet hole 44 is provided on the feed end 34 to allow external fuel to enter the second fuel channel 48. The fourth ejection end 35 and the fifth ejection end 47 are located in the same plane, and a circular second fuel ejection port 49 is formed between the two, so that the fuel in the second fuel channel 48 can be ejected through the second fuel ejection port 49; a second oxidant inlet hole 50 is provided on the side wall of the third inner sleeve 42, and a mounting hole 51 is provided on the side wall of the third outer sleeve 33. The oxidant inlet pipe 43 passes through the mounting hole 51 and is connected to the second oxidant inlet hole 50, so that the external oxidant can enter the third inner sleeve 42 through the oxidant inlet pipe 43 and be ejected through the second oxidant ejection port 46. The adoption of such a technical solution can enable the oxidant ejected from the second oxidant ejection port 46 to assist the combustion of the fuel ejected from the second fuel ejection port 49, so that it can be fully burned. It should be noted that the steam ejected from the steam outlet 31 and the cooling gas ejected from the cooling gas outlet 40 can separate the combustion aid ejected from the first combustion aid outlet 22 and the combustion aid ejected from the second combustion aid outlet 46, so as to avoid the mutual entrainment and mixing of the two and affect the overall performance of the burner. At the same time, the steam ejected from the steam outlet 31 and the cooling gas ejected from the cooling gas outlet 40 form an air film cooling protection for the high-temperature fire surface of the gasification burner head, which significantly prolongs the service life of the gasification burner.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, a cloth component 52 is provided on the closed end 45. The cloth component 52 is in the shape of a cone whose axis coincides with the axis of the second fuel channel 48 and tapers toward the second fuel inlet hole 44. In this way, the cloth component 52 can evenly distribute the fuel entering the second fuel channel 48 from the second fuel inlet hole 44 to the second fuel channel 48 along the circumference of the second fuel channel 48. In actual production, guide grooves (not shown) are provided on the cloth component 52. The number of guide grooves is more than two, and the more than two guide grooves are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cloth component 52. In this way, the fuel entering the second fuel channel 48 from the second fuel inlet hole 44 can obtain sufficient tangential velocity through the guide grooves after colliding with the cloth component 52, and fully expand in the second fuel channel 48 to ensure its circumferential uniformity at the second fuel nozzle 49.

[0052] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown, a third swirl device 53 is provided on the second oxidant ejection port 46, so that the oxidant in the third inner sleeve 42 flows through the third swirl device 53 and then ejects from the second oxidant ejection port 46. In this way, the oxidant can be ejected from the second oxidant ejection port 46 in a swirl manner, thereby making it more fully mixed with the fuel ejected from the second fuel ejection port 49.

[0053] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the utility model. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A gasification burner, characterized in that: include: A first ejection component (1); The first ejection component (1) comprises a first inner sleeve (2), a first middle sleeve (3) and a first outer sleeve (4); The two ends of the first inner sleeve (2) are respectively a first connecting end (5) and a first ejection end (6); the first middle sleeve (3) is sleeved on the first inner sleeve (2) and one end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve (2), while the other end is in a free state; the first outer sleeve (4) is sleeved on the first middle sleeve (3) and one end is tightly connected to the outer wall of the first inner sleeve (2), while the other end is in a free state; The axis of the first inner sleeve (2) coincides with the axis of the first middle sleeve (3), so that a disturbance gas passage (7) with a circular cross section is formed between the two. A disturbance gas inlet hole (8) for allowing external gas to enter the disturbance gas passage (7) is provided on the first middle sleeve (3). The axis of the first outer sleeve (4) coincides with the axis of the first middle sleeve (3), so that a first fuel passage (9) with a circular cross section is formed between the two. A first fuel inlet hole (10) for allowing external fuel to enter the first fuel passage (9) is provided on the first outer sleeve (4); The free end of the first outer sleeve (4) and the first ejection end (6) are located in the same plane, and a first annular fuel ejection port (11) is formed between the two. In the direction of extension of the axis of the first middle sleeve (3), the free end of the first middle sleeve (3) is spaced from the first ejection end (6) so that a disturbance cavity (12) is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve (3) and the first fuel ejection port (11), and a circular fuel ejection port (11) is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve (3) and the inner wall of the first outer sleeve (4). The fuel in the first fuel channel (9) enters the disturbance cavity (12) through the fuel discharge port (13); a circular disturbance gas discharge port (14) is formed between the free end of the first middle sleeve (3) and the outer wall of the first inner sleeve (2); the gas in the disturbance gas channel (7) enters the disturbance cavity (12) through the disturbance gas discharge port (14) to impact the fuel entering the disturbance cavity (12); and the fuel in the disturbance cavity (12) is impacted by the gas and then ejected through the first fuel ejection port (11); A connecting component (54) is provided on the outer wall of the first outer sleeve (4), so that the first spraying component (1) can be fixed to an external environment component through the connecting component (54).

2. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first swirl device (15) is provided on the turbulent gas outlet (14), so that the gas in the turbulent gas channel (7) flows through the first swirl device (15) and then is ejected from the turbulent gas outlet (14).

3. The gasification burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes: a second ejection component (16); The second ejection component (16) comprises a second outer sleeve (17); The axial ends of the second outer sleeve (17) are respectively a second connecting end (18) and a second ejection end (19); the first inner sleeve (2) is sleeved on the second outer sleeve (17), and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a first combustion-supporting agent channel (20) with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween; a first combustion-supporting agent inlet hole (21) is provided on the first inner sleeve (2) for allowing external combustion-supporting agent to enter the first combustion-supporting agent channel (20); A first flange (23) is provided on the first connecting end (5), and a second flange (24) is provided on the outer wall of the second outer sleeve (17); the first flange (23) is connected to the second flange (24) so ​​that the first connecting end (5) is tightly connected to the outer wall of the second outer sleeve (17); the first ejection end (6) and the second ejection end (19) are located in the same plane, and a first annular combustion-aiding agent ejection port (22) is formed therebetween, so that the combustion-aiding agent in the first combustion-aiding agent channel (20) can be ejected through the first combustion-aiding agent ejection port (22).

4. The gasification burner according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second swirl device (25) is provided on the first oxidant spray port (22) so that the oxidant in the first oxidant channel (20) flows through the second swirl device (25) and then is sprayed out from the first oxidant spray port (22).

5. The gasification burner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second ejection component (16) further comprises a second inner sleeve (26); The second inner sleeve (26) has two axial ends respectively comprising a third connecting end (27) and a third ejection end (28); the second outer sleeve (17) is sleeved on the second inner sleeve (26), and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a steam passage (29) having a circular cross-section is formed therebetween; and the second outer sleeve (17) is provided with a steam inlet hole (30) for allowing external steam to enter the steam passage (29); The second connecting end (18) is tightly connected to the outer wall of the second inner sleeve (26); the second ejection end (19) and the third ejection end (28) are located in the same plane, and a circular steam ejection outlet (31) is formed between the two, so that the steam in the steam channel (29) can be ejected through the steam ejection outlet (31).

6. The gasification burner according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a third ejection component (32) and a third outer through-axis; The third ejection component (32) comprises a third outer sleeve (33); The two axial ends of the third outer sleeve are respectively a feed end (34) and a fourth ejection end (35); the second inner sleeve (26) is sleeved on the third outer sleeve (33), and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a cooling gas channel (36) with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween; a cooling gas inlet hole (37) is provided on the second inner sleeve (26) for allowing external cooling gas to enter the cooling gas channel (36); A third flange (38) is provided on the third connecting end (27), and a fourth flange (39) is provided on the outer wall of the third outer sleeve (33). The third flange (38) is connected to the fourth flange (39) so that the third connecting end (27) is tightly connected to the outer wall of the third outer sleeve (33). The third ejection end (28) and the fourth ejection end (35) are located in the same plane, and a circular cooling gas ejection port (40) is formed therebetween so that the cooling gas in the cooling gas channel (36) can be ejected through the cooling gas ejection port (40).

7. The gasification burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature collection device (41); The temperature collection device (41) is arranged on the cooling gas ejection port (40), and the number of the temperature collection device (41) is one or more. When the number of the temperature collection device (41) is more than one, the multiple temperature collection devices (41) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cooling gas ejection port (40).

8. The gasification burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third ejection component (32) further comprises a third inner sleeve (42) and an oxidant inlet pipe (43); The two axial ends of the third inner sleeve (42) are respectively a closed end (45) in a closed state and a fifth ejection end (47) having a second combustion-supporting agent ejection port (46); the third inner sleeve (42) is fixedly disposed within the third outer sleeve (33), and the axes of the two coincide with each other, so that a second fuel passage (48) with a circular cross-section is formed therebetween; a second fuel inlet hole (44) is disposed on the feed end (34) for allowing external fuel to enter the second fuel passage (48); The fourth ejection end (35) and the fifth ejection end (47) are located in the same plane, and a second fuel ejection port (49) in a circular shape is formed therebetween, so that the fuel in the second fuel channel (48) can be ejected through the second fuel ejection port (49); A second oxidant inlet hole (50) is provided on the side wall of the third inner sleeve (42), and a mounting hole (51) is provided on the side wall of the third outer sleeve (33). The oxidant inlet pipe (43) passes through the mounting hole (51) and is connected to the second oxidant inlet hole (50), so that external oxidant can enter the third inner sleeve (42) through the oxidant inlet pipe (43) and be sprayed out through the second oxidant spray port (46).

9. The gasification burner according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cloth component (52) is provided on the closed end (45); the cloth component (52) is in the shape of a cone whose axis coincides with the axis of the second fuel channel (48) and which tapers toward the second fuel inlet hole (44).

10. The gasification burner according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third swirl device (53) is provided on the second oxidant spray port (46) so that the oxidant in the third inner sleeve (42) flows through the third swirl device (53) and then is sprayed out from the second oxidant spray port (46).

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