Vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank which comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, the bottom and the top of the inner tank are respectively provided with a liquid outlet vacuum pipeline and a liquid filling opening vacuum pipeline which are communicated with the outside of the outer tank; the side wall of the upper part of the inner tank is provided with an overflow pipeline which is communicated to the outside of the outer tank and is connected with a bleeding main pipe after passing through a rewarming device; the top of the inner tank is also provided with an air return port pipeline communicated to the outside of the outer tank; the air return port pipeline is provided with an air return valve; the air return port pipeline is respectively connected with one end of a self-pressurization pipeline, one end of a pressure regulating pipeline and one end of an inner tank overpressure relief pipeline on the front side of the air return valve; the other end of the self-pressurization pipeline is connected to the front side of a liquid outlet valve, and the other ends of the pressure regulating pipeline and the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline are connected with a relief header pipe after passing through a rewarming device; and an air cooling screen is arranged around the outer side of the inner tank and is welded with the air return port pipeline. The liquid hydrogen storage device has the advantages of being simple in structure, free of energy consumption and low in manufacturing cost, and liquid hydrogen can be economically stored for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of liquid hydrogen storage, and in particular relates to a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank. Background Art

[0002] Liquid hydrogen is a liquid obtained by cooling hydrogen. Liquid hydrogen is usually stored in a storage tank. The transportation of liquid hydrogen mainly draws on the transportation technology of liquefied natural gas. The transport tank body includes an inner tank and an outer tank. A vacuum insulation structure is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank. At the same time, a support structure is set between the inner tank and the outer tank.

[0003] Liquid hydrogen is prone to natural evaporation during transportation and storage in a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank, resulting in loss of liquid hydrogen. To this end, a Chinese patent document with publication number CN216202458U discloses a zero-evaporation liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising a base, a tank body fixedly arranged on the base, an inner liner fixedly arranged in the tank body, a feed inlet arranged at the top of the inner liner, a discharge port arranged at the bottom of the inner liner, and a hydrogen vapor condensation component arranged on the inner liner; the advantage is that since a refrigerator and a condenser are arranged on the inner liner, the evaporated hydrogen vapor can be absorbed into the area where the refrigerator is located, and since the refrigerator and the condenser are fixed, the absorbed hydrogen vapor will be captured and liquefied into liquid hydrogen after contacting the condenser, and then drip back to the liquid surface by the gravity of the liquid hydrogen, achieving zero evaporation of liquid hydrogen.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned liquid hydrogen storage tank has the problems of complex structure, energy consumption and high manufacturing cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank, which has the effects of simple structure, low energy consumption, and low manufacturing cost, and can store liquid hydrogen economically for a long time.

[0006] A vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising an inner tank for storing cryogenic liquid hydrogen and an outer tank for maintaining a vacuum in an outer interlayer of the inner tank;

[0007] The bottom and top of the inner tank are respectively provided with a liquid outlet vacuum pipeline and a liquid filling port vacuum pipeline connected to the outside of the outer tank; the liquid outlet vacuum pipeline is provided with a liquid outlet valve, and the liquid filling port vacuum pipeline is provided with a liquid filling valve;

[0008] An overflow pipeline is arranged on the upper side wall of the inner tank and is connected to the outside of the outer tank, and is connected to the main discharge pipe after passing through the reheater. An overflow valve is arranged on the overflow pipeline.

[0009] A return air inlet pipeline is also provided on the top of the inner tank and connected to the outside of the outer tank. A return air valve is provided on the return air inlet pipeline. The return air inlet pipeline is connected to one end of the self-pressurizing pipeline, the pressure regulating pipeline and the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline respectively on the front side of the return air valve. The other end of the self-pressurizing pipeline is connected to the front side of the liquid outlet valve. The other ends of the pressure regulating pipeline and the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline are connected to the main discharge pipe after passing through the reheater.

[0010] An air cooling screen is arranged around the outer side of the inner tank, and the air cooling screen is welded and fixed to the air return pipe.

[0011] The air-cooling screen is welded to the serpentine air return pipe to ensure the heat transfer effect between the two. Under working conditions, the heat leaking into the vacuum interlayer from the external environment will first reach the air-cooling screen. This part of heat is absorbed by the air-cooling screen to increase the temperature of the hydrogen in the pipeline. Because this part of heat does not directly enter the inner tank storing liquid hydrogen, it prevents the liquid hydrogen from evaporating into gas, reduces the loss of liquid hydrogen, and is conducive to the long-term economical storage of liquid hydrogen.

[0012] Furthermore, a boost valve and a vaporizer are provided on the self-boosting pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure regulating pipeline is provided with an isolation valve and a pressure regulating valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline includes a three-way valve, two main safety valves and two auxiliary safety valves, and the specific structure is as follows:

[0015] One interface of the three-way valve is connected to the return air pipeline through a pipeline, and the other two interfaces are divided into two routes through pipelines, one route includes a main safety valve, and the other route includes an auxiliary safety valve. The four pipelines corresponding to the two interfaces are connected to the vent main pipe after passing through the reheater; by switching the valve core position of the three-way valve, at least one main safety valve and one auxiliary safety valve are guaranteed to be in a working state connected to the gas phase space of the inner tank.

[0016] Furthermore, a liquid phase port of a liquid level gauge and a gas phase port of a liquid level gauge are respectively provided at the bottom and the top of the inner tank, and the liquid phase port of the liquid level gauge and the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge are respectively connected to the differential pressure liquid level gauge outside the outer tank through pipelines.

[0017] Furthermore, the pipelines of the liquid phase port and the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge are connected to the differential pressure liquid level gauge through a three-valve group, and the pipeline of the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge is also connected to the pressure gauge through a pressure gauge valve.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer tank is provided with a vacuum pipeline, an outer tank explosion-proof device and a vacuum gauge.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The utility model arranges an air cooling screen in the vacuum interlayer between the inner tank and the outer tank and welds the serpentine air return pipe, so that the static evaporation rate index is better and the loss of liquid hydrogen is reduced.

[0021] 2. The utility model effectively prolongs the storage time of liquid hydrogen and increases the transportation radius of liquid hydrogen by setting up the vacuum pipeline of the liquid outlet, the vacuum pipeline of the liquid filling port, the self-pressurizing pipeline, the pressure regulating pipeline and the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline in conjunction with corresponding valves.

[0022] 3. The utility model has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has a light weight and high energy density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0024] In the figure: 100-inner tank, 200-outer tank, 300-support frame, 2-vacuum valve, 3-outer tank explosion-proof device, 4-filling valve, 5-filling port vacuum pipeline, 6-air cooling screen, 7-three-way valve, 8-main safety valve, 9-auxiliary safety valve, 10-return valve, 11-return port pipeline, 12-release main pipe, 13-overflow valve, 14-boosting valve, 15-isolating valve, 16-pressure regulating valve, 17-vaporizer, 18-liquid outlet valve, 19-liquid outlet vacuum pipeline, 20-rewarmer, 21-pressure gauge valve, 22-pressure gauge, 23-three-valve group, 24-differential pressure level gauge, 25-vacuum gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be pointed out that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank includes an inner tank 100 for storing cryogenic liquid hydrogen and an outer tank 200 for maintaining a vacuum in the outer interlayer of the inner tank 100. The inner tank 100 is fixed in the outer tank 200 by a support frame 300.

[0027] The bottom and top of the inner tank 100 are respectively provided with a liquid outlet vacuum pipeline 19 and a liquid filling port vacuum pipeline 5 to communicate with the outside of the outer tank 200. The liquid outlet vacuum pipeline 19 is provided with a liquid outlet valve 18, and the liquid filling port vacuum pipeline 5 is provided with a liquid filling valve 4.

[0028] An overflow pipeline is arranged on the upper side wall of the inner tank 100 and is connected to the outside of the outer tank 200. After passing through the rewarmer 20, it is connected to the main discharge pipe 12. An overflow valve 13 is arranged on the overflow pipeline.

[0029] A return air pipe 11 is also provided at the top of the inner tank 100 to connect to the outside of the outer tank 200, and a return air valve 10 is provided on the return air pipe 11. The return air pipe 11 is connected to one end of the self-pressurization pipe, the pressure regulating pipe and the inner tank overpressure relief pipe at the front side of the return air valve 10. The other end of the self-pressurization pipe is connected to the front side of the liquid outlet valve 18, and the other ends of the pressure regulating pipe and the inner tank overpressure relief pipe are connected to the main discharge pipe 12 after passing through the reheater 20.

[0030] An air cooling screen 6 is disposed around the outer side of the inner tank 100 . The air cooling screen 6 is fixedly connected to the air return pipe 11 . The air cooling screen 6 can improve the evaporation rate index.

[0031] The self-boosting pipeline is provided with a boost valve 14 and a carburetor 17. The pressure regulating pipeline is provided with an isolation valve 15 and a pressure regulating valve 16.

[0032] The inner tank overpressure relief pipeline includes a three-way valve 7, two main safety valves 8 and two auxiliary safety valves 9. The specific structure is: one interface of the three-way valve 7 is connected to the return air pipeline 11 through a pipeline, and the other two interfaces are divided into two routes through the pipeline, one route includes the main safety valve 8, and the other route includes the auxiliary safety valve 9. The four pipelines corresponding to the two interfaces are connected to the release main pipe 12 after passing through the reheater 20.

[0033] By switching the valve core position of the three-way valve 7, at least one main safety valve 8 and one auxiliary safety valve 9 are in a working state connected to the gas phase space of the inner tank. When the pressure of the inner tank 100 is too high and a certain dangerous situation occurs, the main safety valve 8 and the auxiliary safety valve 9 can reduce the pressure of the inner tank 100 by exhausting in time, thereby protecting the inner tank 100. The gas outlets of the main safety valve 8 and the auxiliary safety valve 9 are led to the reheater 20 through pipelines, and the released hydrogen is heated by the reheater 20 and discharged from the discharge main pipe 12 to a safe position.

[0034] The bottom and top of the inner tank 100 are also provided with a liquid phase port and a gas phase port of the liquid level gauge, respectively, which are connected to the differential pressure level gauge 24 outside the outer tank 200 through pipelines. Specifically, the pipelines of the liquid phase port and the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge are connected to the differential pressure level gauge 24 through the three-valve group 23, and the differential pressure level gauge 24 is used to measure the low-temperature liquid hydrogen filling amount of the inner tank.

[0035] The pipeline of the gas phase port of the liquid level meter is also connected to the pressure gauge 22 through the pressure gauge valve 21, which is used to measure the hydrogen pressure of the inner tank 100.

[0036] The low-temperature liquid hydrogen enters the inner tank 100 through the filling valve 4 on the filling port vacuum pipeline 5; the low-temperature liquid hydrogen is vaporized through the boost valve 14 and the vaporizer 17 of the self-boost pipeline and returns to the inner tank 100. The gas phase pressure in the upper part of the inner tank 100 rises, and the gas phase pressure presses the low-temperature liquid hydrogen into the liquid outlet valve 18, and the low-temperature liquid hydrogen is transported to various related equipment through the liquid outlet vacuum pipeline 19.

[0037] Among them, during the self-pressurization process, the low-temperature liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 100 enters the vaporizer 17 through the boosting valve 14 to exchange heat with the external environment with a relatively high temperature, and the low-temperature liquid hydrogen is vaporized into hydrogen with a lower density, and the hydrogen returns to the upper gas phase space of the inner tank 100 through the self-pressurization pipeline; at this time, the pressure regulating valve 16 is always in a closed state, so that the hydrogen pressure in the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank will gradually increase, completing the self-pressurization process of the inner tank.

[0038] When the pressure of the inner tank 100 is higher than the expected value, the hydrogen can be led to the reheater 20 through the isolation valve 15 and the pressure regulating valve 16, and after heating, it can be discharged to a safe location through the discharge main pipe 12 to prevent the liquid hydrogen storage tank from being in danger or the pressure exceeding the upper limit of the expected value.

[0039] When the inner tank 100 is filled with too much liquid hydrogen and the liquid level is higher than the overflow port, the low-temperature liquid hydrogen can be led to the reheater 20 through the overflow valve 13 to vaporize and heat up, and then discharged to a safe location through the discharge main pipe 12 to prevent the liquid hydrogen storage tank from being dangerous due to overfilling.

[0040] The outer tank 200 is provided with a vacuum pipeline. During production or maintenance, the interlayer space can be evacuated to a high vacuum through the vacuum valve 2 to achieve the purpose of thermal insulation. The outer tank is provided with an outer tank explosion-proof device 3, which is a self-tightening interlayer explosion-proof device or a welded bursting disc device; when liquid leakage occurs in the inner tank or interlayer pipeline, causing the pressure of the interlayer space to increase abnormally, the outer tank explosion-proof device 3 can release the interlayer pressure to prevent the inner tank and the outer tank from being in a dangerous situation. The vacuum gauge 25 is connected to the vacuum interlayer, and the vacuum degree of the liquid hydrogen storage tank interlayer can be measured through a dedicated vacuum instrument. A good vacuum degree is an important factor in ensuring the thermal insulation performance of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0041] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: It comprises an inner tank (100) for storing cryogenic liquid hydrogen and an outer tank (200) for maintaining a vacuum in an outer interlayer of the inner tank (100); The bottom and top of the inner tank (100) are respectively provided with a liquid outlet vacuum pipeline (19) and a liquid filling port vacuum pipeline (5) which are connected to the outside of the outer tank (200); the liquid outlet vacuum pipeline (19) is provided with a liquid outlet valve (18), and the liquid filling port vacuum pipeline (5) is provided with a liquid filling valve (4); An overflow pipeline is provided on the upper side wall of the inner tank (100) and is connected to the outside of the outer tank (200). The overflow pipeline is connected to the main discharge pipe (12) after passing through the rewarmer (20). An overflow valve (13) is provided on the overflow pipeline. A return air pipeline (11) is also provided on the top of the inner tank (100) and is connected to the outside of the outer tank (200). A return air valve (10) is provided on the return air pipeline (11); the return air pipeline (11) is connected to one end of the self-pressurizing pipeline, the pressure regulating pipeline and the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline respectively on the front side of the return air valve (10); the other end of the self-pressurizing pipeline is connected to the front side of the liquid outlet valve (18), and the other ends of the pressure regulating pipeline and the inner tank overpressure relief pipeline are connected to the main discharge pipe (12) after passing through the reheater (20); An air cooling screen (6) is arranged around the outer side of the inner tank (100), and the air cooling screen (6) is welded and fixed to the air return pipe (11).

2. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-pressurizing pipeline is provided with a pressure boosting valve (14) and a vaporizer (17).

3. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating pipeline is provided with an isolation valve (15) and a pressure regulating valve (16).

4. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tank overpressure relief pipeline comprises a three-way valve (7), two main safety valves (8) and two auxiliary safety valves (9), and the specific structure is as follows: One interface of the three-way valve (7) is connected to the return air pipeline (11) through a pipeline, and the other two interfaces are divided into two paths through the pipeline, one path contains the main safety valve (8), and the other path contains the auxiliary safety valve (9). The four pipelines corresponding to the two interfaces are connected to the discharge main pipe (12) after passing through the reheater (20); by switching the valve core position of the three-way valve (7), at least one main safety valve (8) and one auxiliary safety valve (9) are ensured to be in a working state connected to the gas phase space of the inner tank.

5. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom and top of the inner tank (100) are also provided with a liquid phase port of a liquid level gauge and a gas phase port of a liquid level gauge, respectively. The liquid phase port of the liquid level gauge and the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge are connected to a differential pressure liquid level gauge (24) outside the outer tank (200) through pipelines.

6. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pipelines of the liquid phase port and the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge are connected to the differential pressure liquid level gauge (24) through a three-valve group (23), and the pipeline of the gas phase port of the liquid level gauge is also connected to the pressure gauge (22) through a pressure gauge valve (21).

7. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tank (200) is provided with a vacuum extraction pipeline, an outer tank explosion-proof device (3) and a vacuum gauge (25).

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