Hydraulic locking mechanism for battery module frame and vehicle body frame of electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic locking mechanism for a battery module frame and a vehicle body frame of an electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle parts. According to the utility model, the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the pressing plate to unlock and lock the battery replacing system; and meanwhile, the unlocking state and the locking state of each locking mechanism can be detected through the hydraulic locking mechanism for the battery module frame and the vehicle body frame of the electric vehicle. The locking device comprises a proximity switch, a locking lower pressing plate is installed outside a cylinder body of an oil cylinder, a locking upper pressing plate is installed at the top end of a piston rod of the oil cylinder, and an upper oil port and a lower oil port of the oil cylinder are connected with an oil supply system. The piston is installed at the lower end of the piston rod through a clamping steel ring, the bottom end of the oil cylinder is blocked through a bottom cover, and the piston divides the oil cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The guide post penetrates through the bottom cover, is inserted into the bottom end of the piston rod and is fixed on the bottom cover through a fixing pin. According to the utility model, zero clearance fit between the battery replacement base and the battery pack frame can be ensured. The whole vehicle control is realized through the state of the locking mechanism; in addition, the locking device has a self-locking function, and the unlocking and locking functions can be kept under the condition that power supply of the power source is stopped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle parts. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, supported by electric vehicle technology, the corresponding electric vehicle battery energy supply system has also developed rapidly. Electric vehicle charging occupies a large area and has too high requirements for charging facilities. Therefore, it has become a better choice to quickly replace the power battery through special devices or manual assistance to achieve electric vehicle power replenishment. The battery swap locking device came into being as a mechanical device for combining and separating the battery system assembly and the vehicle body. At present, many battery swap locking devices on the market use the air circuit as the power source, which depends on the configuration of the whole vehicle. Due to the compressibility and easy leakage of air, the power that can be provided is limited. Most of the existing hydraulic battery swap locking devices use a pin-type fixing method. Because the battery swap base and the battery pack frame are both welded parts, processing errors are inevitable. In order to ensure the feasibility of assembly, there is a gap between the battery swap base and the battery pack frame. In an environment with high vibration requirements, this gap will cause the risk of locking failure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to unlock and lock the battery exchange system by driving the pressure plate through the hydraulic cylinder piston rod; at the same time, the electric vehicle battery module frame and the body frame hydraulic locking mechanism can detect the unlocking and locking status of each locking mechanism.

[0004] The utility model comprises a proximity switch, a locking lower pressure plate is installed outside the cylinder body of the oil cylinder, a locking upper pressure plate is installed on the top of the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the upper oil port and the lower oil port of the oil cylinder are connected to the oil supply system; the piston is installed at the lower end of the piston rod through a clamping steel ring, the bottom end of the oil cylinder is blocked by a bottom cover, and the piston divides the oil cylinder into two upper and lower chambers; the guide column is inserted into the bottom end of the piston rod through the bottom cover and is fixed to the bottom cover by a fixing pin, a guide spiral groove is opened outside the guide column, a steel sleeve is installed inside the piston rod outside the guide column, a guide ball installation groove is opened in the steel sleeve, one end of the guide ball is fixedly clamped in the guide ball installation groove, and the other end is placed in the guide spiral groove;

[0005] The upper chamber of the piston in the oil cylinder is connected to the oil circuit: the upper chamber is connected to the upper ball valve oil chamber through the No. 1 oil circuit, the No. 2 oil circuit, and the No. 3 oil circuit. There is an upper ball valve between the upper ball valve oil chamber and the No. 4 oil circuit. The bottom end of the upper ball valve is placed on the top of the upper ball valve spring. The bottom end of the upper ball valve spring is pressed on the oil seal of the upper ball valve oil chamber. The No. 4 oil circuit is connected to the upper oil port; the other end of the No. 4 oil circuit is connected to the upper chamber guide oil chamber. The upper chamber guide piston is placed in the upper chamber guide oil chamber. The ejector pin at the front end of the upper chamber guide piston is inserted into the No. 4 oil circuit, and the front end is in contact with the upper ball valve.

[0006] The piston lower chamber in the oil cylinder is connected to the oil circuit: the lower chamber is connected to the lower ball valve oil chamber through the No. 5 oil circuit and the No. 6 oil circuit. There is a lower ball valve between the lower ball valve oil chamber and the No. 7 oil circuit. The bottom end of the lower ball valve is placed on the top of the lower ball valve spring. The bottom end of the lower ball valve spring is pressed on the oil seal of the lower ball valve oil chamber. The No. 7 oil circuit is connected to the lower oil port. The other end of the No. 7 oil circuit is connected to the lower chamber guide oil chamber. The lower chamber guide piston is placed in the lower chamber guide oil chamber. The ejector pin at the front end of the lower chamber guide piston is inserted into the No. 7 oil circuit, and the front end is in contact with the lower ball valve.

[0007] The upper chamber guide piston divides the upper chamber guide oil chamber into two chambers, front and rear, and the rear chamber is connected to the lower ball valve oil chamber through the No. 1 branch oil circuit; the lower chamber guide piston divides the lower chamber guide oil chamber into two chambers, front and rear, and the rear chamber is connected to the upper ball valve oil chamber through the No. 2 branch oil circuit.

[0008] The utility model can ensure zero clearance between the battery replacement base and the battery pack frame. The whole vehicle is controlled by the state of the locking mechanism; in addition, the locking device has a self-locking function, and can maintain the unlocking and locking functions when the power source is cut off. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the utility model;

[0010] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0011] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 AA section view;

[0012] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of part G;

[0013] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0014] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 1 CC section view;

[0015] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 1 DD cross-sectional view;

[0016] Figure 8 This utility model Figure 1 EE cross-sectional view;

[0017] Fig. 9 This utility model Figure 1 FF cross-sectional view;

[0018] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the guide column of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The utility model comprises a proximity switch 5, which is an existing electronic device and is used for monitoring the rotation position of the locking upper pressing plate 1, the clamping position of the locking upper pressing plate 1 and the locking lower pressing plate 2, and other position monitoring devices.

[0020] The utility model is provided with a locking lower pressure plate 2 installed outside the cylinder body of the oil cylinder 6, a locking upper pressure plate 1 is installed at the top of the piston rod 7 of the oil cylinder 6, the upper oil port 3 and the lower oil port 4 of the oil cylinder 6 are connected to the oil supply system; the piston 10 is installed at the lower end of the piston rod 7 through a clamping steel ring 19, and in order to facilitate the installation of the clamping steel ring 19, an installation clearance 11 is opened under the piston 10, and the bottom end of the oil cylinder 6 is blocked by a bottom cover 9, and the piston 10 divides the oil cylinder 6 into two upper and lower cavities; the guide column 8 is inserted into the bottom end of the piston rod 7 through the bottom cover 9, and is fixed to the bottom cover 9 by a fixing pin 35, a guide spiral groove 17 is opened outside the guide column 8, a steel sleeve 14 is installed in the piston rod 7 outside the guide column 8, a guide ball mounting groove 15 is opened in the steel sleeve 14, one end of the guide ball 16 is fixedly clamped in the guide ball mounting groove 15, and the other end is placed in the guide spiral groove 17.

[0021] The upper chamber of the piston 10 in the oil cylinder 6 is connected to the oil circuit: the upper chamber 34 is connected to the upper ball valve oil chamber 30 through the No. 1 oil circuit 38, the No. 2 oil circuit 28, and the No. 3 oil circuit 29. There is an upper ball valve 32 between the upper ball valve oil chamber 30 and the No. 4 oil circuit 27. The bottom end of the upper ball valve 32 is placed on the top of the upper ball valve spring 31. The bottom end of the upper ball valve spring 31 is pressed on the oil seal of the upper ball valve oil chamber. The No. 4 oil circuit 27 is connected to the upper oil port 3; the other end of the No. 4 oil circuit 27 is connected to the upper chamber guide oil chamber 12, and the upper chamber guide piston 26 is placed in the upper chamber guide oil chamber 12. The ejector pin at the front end of the upper chamber guide piston 26 is inserted into the No. 4 oil circuit 27, and the front end is in contact with the upper ball valve 32.

[0022] The lower chamber of the piston 10 in the oil cylinder 6 is connected to the oil circuit: the lower chamber 18 is connected to the lower ball valve oil chamber 13 through the No. 5 oil circuit 37 and the No. 6 oil circuit 36. There is a lower ball valve 23 between the lower ball valve oil chamber 13 and the No. 7 oil circuit 22. The bottom end of the lower ball valve 23 is placed on the top of the lower ball valve spring 24. The bottom end of the lower ball valve spring 24 is pressed on the oil seal of the lower ball valve oil chamber. The No. 7 oil circuit 22 is connected to the lower oil port 4; the other end of the No. 7 oil circuit 22 is connected to the lower chamber guide oil chamber 21, and the lower chamber guide piston 20 is placed in the lower chamber guide oil chamber 21. The ejector pin at the front end of the lower chamber guide piston 20 is inserted into the No. 7 oil circuit 22, and the front end is in contact with the lower ball valve 23.

[0023] The upper chamber guide piston 26 divides the upper chamber guide oil chamber 12 into two front and rear chambers, and the rear chamber is connected to the lower ball valve oil chamber 13 through the No. 1 branch oil circuit 25; the lower chamber guide piston 20 divides the lower chamber guide oil chamber 21 into two front and rear chambers, and the rear chamber is connected to the upper ball valve oil chamber 30 through the No. 2 branch oil circuit 33.

[0024] The utility model provides a locking device for a battery exchange system, including a hydraulic cylinder, a bottom cover, a piston, a piston rod, a compression plate, a guide column, a steel ball, a proximity switch, a two-way one-way valve, and a seal. The hydraulic cylinder and the bottom cover are the main parts of the locking device, which are used to form a closed cavity with the piston rod, the seal, etc. to ensure the movement of the piston; the piston, the piston rod, and the compression plate are the main parts of the locking device, and the unlocking and locking functions of the locking device are realized through the reciprocating motion of the piston; the guide column and the steel ball can control the rotation direction of the locking plate in unlocking and locking; the proximity switch can sense the unlocking and locking state of the locking mechanism, and feedback to the vehicle control device, which is convenient for the vehicle control; the two-way one-way valve can ensure the self-locking function of the locking device, and can maintain the unlocking and locking state when the power source is stopped.

[0025] The working principle of the locking device of the battery exchange system of the utility model is as follows: the control unit sends a locking signal, the hydraulic pump works, oil enters the descending hole of the locking device, and oil is discharged from the ascending hole. The piston drives the piston rod and the locking pressure plate to move downward. The guide column inside the piston rod is fixed to the bottom cover and then to the hydraulic cylinder body. Due to the action of the guide column and the steel ball, when the piston rod moves downward, the piston, piston rod, and locking pressure plate will rotate along the guide groove on the guide column. After the locking pressure plate is compressed into place, the state of the proximity switch changes, and the compression into place signal is fed back to the vehicle control device, the hydraulic pump stops working, the two-way one-way valve prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing back, and the locking hydraulic cylinder remains in a locked state. The control unit sends an unlocking signal, the hydraulic pump starts working, oil enters the rising hole of the locking device, and oil is discharged from the descending port. The piston drives the piston rod and the locking pressure plate to move upward. Due to the action of the guide column and the steel ball, when the piston rod moves upward, the piston, piston rod, and locking pressure plate will rotate along the guide groove on the guide column, and the proximity switch state will change. After a certain period of time, the hydraulic pump stops working, the two-way single-phase valve prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing back, and the locking hydraulic cylinder remains in the open state.

[0026] The rising (unlocking) working process of the utility model is divided into two parts (oil inlet part and oil return part). At this time, the lower oil port 4 is the oil inlet, and the upper oil port 3 is the oil return port:

[0027] Oil inlet part: The oil entering from the lower oil port 4 enters the seventh oil passage 22, then squeezes open the lower ball valve 23 and enters the lower ball valve oil chamber 13, and then enters the lower chamber 18 through the sixth oil passage 36 and the fifth oil passage 37. The oil entering the lower chamber 18 pushes the piston 10 upward. Since the piston 10 is fixed to the piston rod 7, the piston rod 7 also moves upward. During the upward movement of the piston rod 7, it is guided by the guide ball 16 in the guide spiral groove 17 and rotates (the steel sleeve 14 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 7, and the guide ball mounting groove 15 on the steel sleeve 14 is only a ball groove hole, so that the guide ball 16 only rolls in the guide ball mounting groove 15; the guide spiral groove 17 is a spiral groove, and the guide ball 16 rolls in the guide spiral groove 17 according to the angle of the spiral. This structure is shown in FIG. Fig.10 , thereby ensuring that the piston rod 7 rotates relative to the guide column 8, and the guide ball 16 sets the rotation angle in the guide spiral groove 17. As long as the upper pressure plate 1 can be locked, 90 degrees can be selected). The locking upper pressure plate 1 is fixed to the upper end of the piston rod 7, and it will also rise and rotate at the same time, thereby completing the unlocking (unlocking).

[0028] Oil return part: the oil in the upper chamber 34 at the upper end of the piston 10 enters the upper ball valve oil chamber 30 through the No. 1 oil circuit 38, the No. 2 oil circuit 28, and the No. 3 oil circuit 29. At this time, in order to return the oil, the oil in the upper ball valve oil chamber 30 needs to open the upper ball valve 32 to enter the No. 4 oil circuit 27. The opening method of the upper ball valve 32 is: in the oil inlet step, the oil entering the lower ball valve oil chamber 13 not only enters the No. 6 oil circuit 36, but also enters the No. 1 branch oil circuit 25, and then enters the upper chamber guide piston 26 rear chamber of the upper chamber guide oil chamber 12, pushing the upper chamber guide piston 26 forward, and the probe at the front end of the upper chamber guide piston 26 will push open the upper ball valve 32, so that the oil entering the upper ball valve oil chamber 30 will continue to pass through the No. 4 oil circuit 27, and finally be discharged back to the oil storage device from the upper oil port 3, thus completing the oil return process.

[0029] The descending (locking) working process of the present invention is also divided into two parts (the oil inlet part and the oil return part). The diagram of the present invention shows the locked (locked) state. When locking is required, the upper oil port 3 is the oil inlet and the lower oil port 4 is the oil return. The piston 10 is pushed downward by hydraulic pressure, and the direction of oil flow is changed. That is to say, the oil return part of the ascending (unlocking) working process of the present invention is changed to the oil inlet part, and the oil inlet part is changed to the oil return part. During the oil return process, after the oil enters the lower ball valve oil chamber 13, the lower ball valve 23 needs to be opened to enter the No. 7 oil circuit 22. The opening method of the lower ball valve 23 is as follows: in the oil inlet step, after the oil enters the upper ball valve oil chamber 30, it not only enters the No. 3 oil circuit 29, but also enters the rear chamber of the lower chamber guide piston 20 through the No. 2 branch oil circuit 33, pushing the lower chamber guide piston 20 forward, and the probe at the front end of the lower chamber guide piston 20 will push open the lower ball valve 23, so that the lower ball valve oil chamber 13 will enter the No. 7 oil circuit 22, and finally be discharged back to the oil storage equipment through the lower oil port 4, thus completing the oil return process.

[0030] Figure 1 ---- Fig.10 Symbols in: Locking upper pressure plate 1, locking lower pressure plate 2, upper oil port 3, lower oil port 4, proximity switch 5, oil cylinder 6, piston rod 7, guide column 8, bottom cover 9, piston 10, installation and clearance 11, upper chamber guide oil chamber 12, lower ball valve oil chamber 13, steel sleeve 14, guide ball mounting groove 15, guide ball 16, guide spiral groove 17, lower chamber 18, clamping steel ring 19, lower chamber guide piston 20, lower chamber guide oil chamber 21, No. 7 oil circuit 22, lower ball valve 23, lower ball valve spring 24, No. 1 branch oil circuit 25, upper chamber guide piston 26, No. 4 oil circuit 27, No. 2 oil circuit 28, No. 3 oil circuit 29, upper ball valve oil chamber 30, upper ball valve spring 31, upper ball valve 32, No. 2 branch oil circuit 33, upper chamber 34, fixing pin 35, No. 6 oil circuit 36, No. 5 oil circuit 37, No. 1 oil circuit 38.

Claims

1. A hydraulic locking mechanism between a battery module frame and a body frame of an electric vehicle, comprising a proximity switch (5), characterized in that: A locking lower pressure plate (2) is installed outside the cylinder body of the oil cylinder (6), a locking upper pressure plate (1) is installed at the top of the piston rod (7) of the oil cylinder (6), and the upper oil port (3) and the lower oil port (4) of the oil cylinder (6) are connected to the oil supply system; the piston (10) is installed at the lower end of the piston rod (7) through a clamping steel ring (19), the bottom end of the oil cylinder (6) is blocked by a bottom cover (9), and the piston (10) divides the inside of the oil cylinder (6) into two upper and lower chambers; the guide column (8 ) is inserted through the bottom cover (9) into the bottom end of the piston rod (7) and fixed to the bottom cover (9) by a fixing pin (35). A guide spiral groove (17) is formed outside the guide column (8). A steel sleeve (14) is installed inside the piston rod (7) outside the guide column (8). A guide ball mounting groove (15) is formed in the steel sleeve (14). One end of the guide ball (16) is fixedly clamped in the guide ball mounting groove (15), and the other end is placed in the guide spiral groove (17); The upper chamber of the piston (10) in the oil cylinder (6) is connected to the oil circuit: the upper chamber (34) is connected to the upper ball valve oil chamber (30) through the No. 1 oil circuit (38), the No. 2 oil circuit (28), and the No. 3 oil circuit (29); an upper ball valve (32) is provided between the upper ball valve oil chamber (30) and the No. 4 oil circuit (27); the bottom end of the upper ball valve (32) is placed on the top end of the upper ball valve spring (31); the bottom end of the upper ball valve spring (31) is pressed against the oil seal of the upper ball valve oil chamber; the No. 4 oil circuit (27) is connected to the upper oil port (3); the other end of the No. 4 oil circuit (27) is connected to the upper chamber guide oil chamber (12); the upper chamber guide piston (26) is placed in the upper chamber guide oil chamber (12); the ejector pin at the front end of the upper chamber guide piston (26) is inserted into the No. 4 oil circuit (27), and the front end is in contact with the upper ball valve (32); The lower chamber of the piston (10) in the oil cylinder (6) is connected to the oil circuit: the lower chamber (18) is connected to the lower ball valve oil chamber (13) through the fifth oil circuit (37) and the sixth oil circuit (36); a lower ball valve (23) is provided between the lower ball valve oil chamber (13) and the seventh oil circuit (22); the bottom end of the lower ball valve (23) is placed on the top end of the lower ball valve spring (24); the bottom end of the lower ball valve spring (24) is pressed against the oil seal of the lower ball valve oil chamber; the seventh oil circuit (22) is connected to the lower oil port (4); the other end of the seventh oil circuit (22) is connected to the lower chamber guide oil chamber (21); the lower chamber guide piston (20) is placed in the lower chamber guide oil chamber (21); the ejector pin at the front end of the lower chamber guide piston (20) is inserted into the seventh oil circuit (22), and the front end is in contact with the lower ball valve (23); The upper chamber guide piston (26) divides the upper chamber guide oil chamber (12) into two chambers, front and rear, and the rear chamber is connected to the lower ball valve oil chamber (13) through the No. 1 branch oil passage (25); the lower chamber guide piston (20) divides the lower chamber guide oil chamber (21) into two chambers, front and rear, and the rear chamber is connected to the upper ball valve oil chamber (30) through the No. 2 branch oil passage (33).

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