Explosion venting adapter pipe, high-capacity battery assembly and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to an explosion venting adapter, a high-capacity battery assembly and a battery pack. The safety problem caused by the fact that thermal runaway smoke in an existing energy storage container cannot be discharged timely and accurately is solved. The explosion venting adapter pipe comprises a first pipe section, a second pipe section and a third pipe section which are sequentially connected. The first pipe section is a metal pipe and is used for being hermetically connected with a battery explosion venting opening; the second pipe section is a high-temperature-resistant insulating pipe; the third pipe section is a metal pipe and used for being connected with an explosion venting collecting pipe. The explosion venting ports of all the high-capacity batteries in the battery pack are converged with the explosion venting converging pipe by utilizing the explosion venting adapter pipe, and when a single battery in any high-capacity battery in the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway, thermal runaway flue gas can be discharged through the explosion venting converging pipe; the thermal runaway diffusion and the bursting risk of a high-capacity battery, even a battery pack and an energy storage container are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to an explosion relief transfer tube, a large-capacity battery assembly and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous growth of global energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection awareness, energy storage technology has gradually become one of the important means to solve energy problems.

[0003] As a new type of energy storage equipment, energy storage containers have the advantages of portability, flexibility, and high efficiency, and are widely used in power systems, transportation, aerospace, and other fields. The existing energy storage containers on the market include a box body, a support frame located in the box body, and multiple battery packs arranged on the support frame; the battery packs are fixed to the support frame through their respective battery pack support frames; each battery pack includes multiple large-capacity batteries (also called battery packs or battery modules), and each large-capacity battery is composed of a shell and multiple single cells arranged in the shell in parallel or in series or in a combination of series and parallel.

[0004] Due to the high concentration of single cells in the energy storage container, thermal runaway can easily occur under the influence of factors such as overcharging, over-discharging, and overheating of individual single cells. If the smoke generated by the thermal runaway cannot be discharged in a timely and accurate manner, thermal runaway will continue to occur and spread. In severe cases, it may cause large-capacity batteries or even battery packs and energy storage containers to explode. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an explosion relief transfer tube, a large-capacity battery assembly and a battery pack, so as to overcome the safety problem caused by the inability to timely and accurately discharge the thermal runaway smoke in the existing energy storage container.

[0006] The utility model provides an explosion relief transfer pipe in a first aspect, which is special in that it comprises a first pipe section, a second pipe section and a third pipe section connected in sequence;

[0007] The first pipe section is a metal pipe, which is used to seal and connect with the battery explosion vent;

[0008] The second pipe section is a high temperature resistant insulating pipe;

[0009] The third pipe section is a metal pipe, which is used to connect with the explosion-relief manifold.

[0010] The utility model utilizes an explosion-proof transfer tube to merge the explosion-proof ports of all large-capacity batteries in a battery pack with an explosion-proof manifold. When a single cell in any large-capacity battery in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway smoke can be discharged through the explosion-proof manifold, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway spreading and explosion of large-capacity batteries or even battery packs and energy storage containers.

[0011] In order to further improve safety, the utility model introduces a high temperature resistant insulating tube into the explosion venting transfer tube. The high temperature here is the highest temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas. This can avoid the problem of the insulating tube being deformed and leaking due to the high temperature. It can also avoid the problem of the insulating tube becoming molten and blocking the explosion vent or the explosion venting manifold under high temperature conditions. In addition, the utility model connects metal tubes at both ends of the high temperature resistant insulating tube, which can facilitate the connection of the explosion venting transfer tube with the explosion vent of the large-capacity battery and the explosion venting manifold.

[0012] Furthermore, the second pipe section is a ceramic pipe, which has a simpler structure and lower cost than metal pipes coated with a high-temperature resistant insulating coating on the surface.

[0013] The second aspect of the utility model provides a large-capacity battery assembly, which is special in that it includes a large-capacity battery and the above-mentioned explosion-proof transfer tube; the above-mentioned large-capacity battery includes a plurality of single cells and a shared cavity connected to the inner cavity of each single cell;

[0014] One end of the shared chamber serves as an explosion vent for the large-capacity battery and is sealed and connected to the first pipe section of the explosion vent transfer pipe.

[0015] The third aspect of the utility model provides another large-capacity battery assembly, which is special in that it includes a large-capacity battery and the above-mentioned explosion-proof transfer tube;

[0016] The above-mentioned large-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in the shell; the inner cavity of each single cell is connected to the inner cavity of the shell;

[0017] The shell is provided with an explosion vent; the explosion vent is sealed and connected with the first pipe section of the explosion vent transfer pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, a avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the large-capacity battery shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole, and the shell top plate area corresponding to the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell; a heat transfer pipe clamping part is provided at the part where each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole;

[0019] The heat transfer tube is fixed on the heat transfer tube clamping part of the polarity terminal of each single battery, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single battery.

[0020] A fourth aspect of the utility model provides a battery pack, which is special in that it includes a battery pack support frame, an explosion relief manifold, and a plurality of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery assemblies fixed on the battery pack support frame;

[0021] The third pipe section of the explosion-relief transfer pipe in each large-capacity battery assembly is sealed and connected to the explosion-relief manifold.

[0022] Furthermore, the utility model improves the energy density of the battery pack by optimizing the structure of the battery pack support frame or the explosion-proof manifold:

[0023] A side beam in the battery pack support frame can be designed as a hollow component to serve as an explosion venting manifold; the explosion venting manifold is provided with a plurality of branch pipes corresponding to each large-capacity battery assembly;

[0024] Each branch pipe is sealed and connected to the third pipe section of the explosion relief transfer pipe in the corresponding large-capacity battery assembly.

[0025] The explosion relief manifold may also include a plurality of three-way pipes corresponding to each large-capacity battery assembly, and a flexible pipe section connected between two three-way pipes;

[0026] The first interface of each three-way pipe is sealed and connected to the third pipe section of the explosion-relief transfer pipe in the corresponding large-capacity battery assembly.

[0027] One side beam of the battery pack support frame is an I-shaped steel, and the explosion-proof manifold is embedded between the upper and lower flanges of the I-shaped steel.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0029] The utility model utilizes an explosion-proof transfer tube to merge the explosion-proof ports of all large-capacity batteries in a battery pack with an explosion-proof manifold. When a single cell in any large-capacity battery in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway smoke can be discharged through the explosion-proof manifold, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway spreading and explosion of large-capacity batteries or even battery packs and energy storage containers.

[0030] In order to further improve safety, the utility model introduces a high temperature resistant insulating tube into the explosion venting transfer tube. The high temperature here is the highest temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas. This can avoid the problem of the insulating tube being deformed and leaking due to the high temperature. It can also avoid the problem of the insulating tube becoming molten and blocking the explosion vent or the explosion venting manifold under high temperature conditions. In addition, the utility model connects metal tubes at both ends of the high temperature resistant insulating tube, which can facilitate the connection of the explosion venting transfer tube with the explosion vent of the large-capacity battery and the explosion venting manifold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion relief transfer tube in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the explosion relief transfer tube in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery assembly in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery assembly in Example 3;

[0035] Figure 5 A partial explosion diagram of a large-capacity battery assembly in Example 3;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery assembly with an insulating protective cover in Example 3;

[0037] Figure 7 A partial exploded schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery assembly with an insulating protective cover in Example 3;

[0038] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack in Example 4;

[0039] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack in Example 5;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure explosion of the battery pack in Example 5;

[0041] Fig.11 This is a partial explosion diagram of the battery pack in Example 5.

[0042] The accompanying drawings in the figure are marked as follows:

[0043] 1. Explosion-proof transfer tube; 11. First pipe section; 12. Second pipe section; 13. Third pipe section; 2. Large-capacity battery; 21. Shared chamber; 22. Single battery; 221. Polarity terminal; 23. Shell; 231. Shell bottom plate; 232. End plate; 233. Shell top plate; 3. Explosion-proof tube; 4. Liquid cooling tube; 5. Insulating protective cover; 6. Battery pack support frame; 61. I-shaped steel side beam; 62. U-shaped frame; 7. Explosion-proof manifold; 71. Branch pipe; 72. Tee pipe; 73. Flexible pipe section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "top, bottom" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In order to prevent the smoke from thermal runaway of individual cells in individual large-capacity batteries from spreading to the entire container and causing safety problems, the utility model considers converging the explosion vents of all large-capacity batteries in the battery pack (the explosion vent is provided with an explosion vent membrane and is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells in the large-capacity battery or is connected to the explosion vents of all single cells in the large-capacity battery) using an explosion vent manifold. When a single cell in any large-capacity battery in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway smoke can be discharged through the explosion vent manifold, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway spreading and explosion of large-capacity batteries or even battery packs and energy storage containers.

[0048] In order to further improve safety, the explosion venting manifold and the large-capacity batteries should be insulated. Usually, a PTFE tube with good insulation performance can be used to connect the explosion venting manifold to the explosion venting ports of each large-capacity battery. However, in actual use, it is found that the PTFE tube will deform as the thermal runaway temperature increases, and the sealing of this part cannot be guaranteed, so that the thermal runaway smoke will leak from this part and spread to the entire container. More seriously, the PTFE tube will become molten due to high temperature, which will block the explosion vent or the explosion venting manifold, causing more serious safety accidents.

[0049] Based on this, the utility model provides an explosion venting transfer tube, in which a high temperature resistant insulating tube is introduced, and the high temperature here is the highest temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas; in order to facilitate the explosion venting transfer tube to be connected with the large-capacity battery explosion venting port and the explosion venting manifold, the utility model connects metal tubes at both ends of the high temperature resistant insulating tube. In other words, the explosion venting transfer tube of the utility model is composed of three parts, and for the convenience of description, the three parts can be defined as the first tube section, the second tube section and the third tube section respectively; wherein the first tube section is a metal tube, which is used for sealing connection with the large-capacity battery explosion venting port; the second tube section is a high temperature resistant insulating tube; the third tube section is a metal tube, which is used for connecting with the explosion venting manifold.

[0050] It should be noted that:

[0051] 1. The explosion-proof transfer tube of the utility model can be applied to a variety of large-capacity batteries with different structures, for example, it can be applied to the large-capacity batteries disclosed in Chinese patents CN117477186A, CN117477063A, and CN115275453A;

[0052] Such large-capacity batteries include a plurality of single cells and a shared chamber connected to the inner cavities of each single cell (the shared chamber described herein is the first hollow member or the second hollow member described in CN117477186A, the hollow member described in CN117477063A, and the electrolyte shared channel described in CN115275453A);

[0053] The utility model uses one end of the shared chamber as a large-capacity battery explosion vent, which is sealed and connected to the first pipe section of the explosion vent transfer pipe.

[0054] The explosion-proof transfer tube of the utility model can also be applied to the large-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN220324596U. Such large-capacity battery includes a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in the shell; the inner cavity of each single cell is connected to the inner cavity of the shell; the shell is provided with an explosion-proof opening, and the utility model seals and connects the first pipe section of the explosion-proof transfer tube with the explosion-proof opening.

[0055] 2. The explosion-proof transfer tube of the utility model can also be applied to single cells and connected to the explosion-proof ports of the single cells; for example, it can be used as the explosion-proof tube in the battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN113725552A to connect the explosion-proof ports of each single cell with the explosion-proof manifold.

[0056] The following embodiments are mainly described by taking different large-capacity batteries as examples.

[0057] The utility model also provides a large-capacity battery assembly, comprising the large-capacity battery and the explosion-proof transfer tube sealed and connected to the explosion-proof opening of the large-capacity battery.

[0058] The utility model also provides a battery pack including the above-mentioned large-capacity battery assembly, including a battery pack support frame, an explosion-proof manifold, and a plurality of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery assemblies fixed on the battery pack support frame; the third pipe section of the explosion-proof transfer tube in each large-capacity battery assembly is sealed and connected to the explosion-proof manifold.

[0059] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This embodiment is an explosion relief transfer tube 1, and its structure is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it is mainly composed of three sections of pipe fittings. From left to right in the figure, the three sections of pipe fittings can be defined as a first pipe section 11, a second pipe section 12 and a third pipe section 13 respectively;

[0062] The first pipe section 11 is a metal pipe, which is used for sealing connection with the battery explosion vent; usually, aluminum metal, which is the same material as the battery shell, can be used, or other metals, such as stainless steel, etc. The sealing connection with the battery explosion vent can be achieved by welding, threaded connection, interference fit, etc.

[0063] The second pipe section 12 is a high temperature resistant insulating pipe, at least part of which should be made of insulating material, mainly for insulating the explosion relief manifold from each battery (the battery described here is a large capacity battery or a single battery).

[0064] It should be noted that at least part of its structure should be made of insulating material, mainly including the following two structures:

[0065] 1. The entire structure of the second pipe section 12 is made of insulating material;

[0066] 2. The main structure of the second pipe section 12 can be a metal pipe, and a film layer made of insulating material is coated on the entire surface of the metal pipe.

[0067] After thermal runaway occurs, the battery temperature rises sharply, reaching over 500°C. If the selected insulating material cannot exist stably at this temperature, the following problems will occur:

[0068] a. When the entire structure of the second pipe section 12 is made of such insulating material, the sealing of the connection between the second pipe section 12 and the first pipe section 11 and the third pipe section 13 cannot be guaranteed, causing the thermal runaway smoke to leak. More seriously, if the second pipe section 12 becomes molten due to high temperature, it will block the explosion vent or the explosion vent manifold, causing a more serious safety accident.

[0069] b. When the entire surface of the second pipe segment 12 is coated with a film layer made of insulating material, when the film layer melts or deforms, thermal runaway flue gas may leak from the connection between the second pipe segment 12 and the first pipe segment 11 and the third pipe segment 13, and the insulation performance of the second pipe segment 12 may be destroyed.

[0070] Based on the above problems, the insulating material selected by the present invention should also have certain high temperature resistance to ensure that its performance does not change when thermal runaway occurs and can exist stably.

[0071] Commonly used high temperature resistant insulating materials are ceramic materials. In this embodiment, ceramic pipe fittings are directly selected as the second pipe section 12, which is relatively simple in cost and processing. For example, ceramic materials such as cubic boron nitride, hexagonal boron nitride, aluminum oxide, and silicon carbide can be selected.

[0072] In other embodiments, a high temperature resistant insulating coating may be sprayed on the surface of the metal pipe to form the second pipe section 12. The high temperature resistant insulating coating may be a phosphate-based inorganic binder coating, a plasma sprayed Al2O3 coating, etc. However, the cost and processing are more complicated than this embodiment.

[0073] The third pipe section 13 is a metal pipe, which is used to connect with the explosion relief manifold. Its material can be the same as that of the first pipe section 11, and can usually be made of aluminum metal, which is the same material as the battery shell, or other metals. The explosion relief manifold can be sealed by welding, threaded connection, interference fit, etc.

[0074] from Figure 2 It can be seen that the second pipe section 12 and the first pipe section 11 and the third pipe section 13 of this embodiment are all connected by sleeve connection, and a step structure is provided at the sleeve connection part to improve the sealing performance of the sleeve connection part. The sleeve connection part can be sealed and fixed by using conventional ceramic and metal connection methods. For example, bonding connection, brazing connection, solid phase diffusion connection and the like can be used.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery assembly having the explosion-proof transfer tube 1 in Embodiment 1. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes a large-capacity battery 2 and the explosion-proof transfer tube 1 in Example 1.

[0077] The large-capacity battery 2 includes a plurality of single cells 22 and a shared chamber 21 connected to the inner cavities of each single cell 22;

[0078] It should be noted that:

[0079] 1. The shared chamber 21 may be an electrolyte shared chamber ( Figure 3 The shared chamber 21 is located at the bottom of each single cell 22. The electrolyte shared chamber can make each single cell 22 in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 22; improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery pack. The above-mentioned shared chamber 21 can also be a gas shared chamber ( Figure 3 The shared chamber 21 is located at the top of each single cell 22, and the gas balance of each single cell 22 is achieved through the gas shared chamber, which can also improve the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery pack. The above-mentioned shared chamber 21 can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber (see Chinese patent CN117477063A), through which each single cell 22 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery pack.

[0080] 2. The above-mentioned single battery 22 is a square shell battery, including an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a cylinder, a battery core assembly and an electrolyte; the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate and the cylinder can be integrally formed;

[0081] In the present invention, the battery cell assembly described here can be referred to as an electrode assembly, which is composed of a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode arranged in sequence and assembled by a lamination or winding process. The upper cover plate, the cylinder, and the lower cover plate form the shell of the single battery 22, and the battery cell assembly and the electrolyte are located in the shell of the single battery 22; and the opening on the shell is connected to the inner cavity of the shared chamber 21.

[0082] In the present invention, the battery cell assembly described herein may also be a commercially available square shell battery with a through hole, which is connected to the inner cavity of the shared chamber 21 through the through hole and the opening on the shell.

[0083] from Figure 3 It can be seen that in this embodiment, an explosion vent is provided at one end of the electrolyte shared chamber, and the explosion vent transition tube 1 is connected to the explosion vent. Specifically, the first pipe section 11 of the explosion vent transition tube 1 can be welded to one end of the electrolyte shared chamber and connected to the explosion vent.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] This embodiment is another large-capacity battery assembly having the explosion-proof transfer tube 1 in Embodiment 1. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it includes a large-capacity battery 2 and the explosion-proof transfer tube 1 in Example 1.

[0086] The large-capacity battery 2 of this embodiment includes a housing 23 and a plurality of single batteries 22 arranged in parallel in the housing 23 .

[0087] The single battery 22 in this embodiment is a square shell battery, and the number is 13. In other embodiments, the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single battery 22 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0088] The inner cavity of the housing 23 is connected to the inner cavity of each single battery 22. The above connection effect can be achieved by providing a shared cavity 21 in the housing 23 so that the inner cavity of the shared cavity 21 is connected to the inner cavity of all single batteries 22.

[0089] For the convenience of description, in the present embodiment, the length direction of the housing 23 is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the housing 23 is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the housing 23 is defined as the z direction.

[0090] like Figure 5 As shown, on the bottom plate 231 of the housing, an electrolyte sharing chamber ( Figure 5The shared chamber 21 is located at the bottom of each single battery 22, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity electrolyte area of ​​each single battery 22.

[0091] On the top plate 233 of the housing, a gas sharing chamber ( Figure 5 A shared chamber 21 is located at the top of each single battery 22, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity gas area of ​​each single battery 22.

[0092] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte sharing chamber or a gas sharing chamber may be provided, or a gas-liquid sharing chamber may be provided along the x direction on the first side plate of the outer shell 23 (the side plate parallel to the xz plane), and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid sharing chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 22.

[0093] A through hole penetrating the electrolyte shared chamber is provided on the end plate 232 of the housing 23 (a side plate parallel to the yz plane), and an explosion relief pipe 3 is connected at the through hole, and an explosion relief membrane (serving as an explosion relief port of the large-capacity battery 2) is fixed inside the explosion relief pipe 3. The explosion relief transfer pipe 1 is connected to the explosion relief pipe 3, and specifically, the first pipe section 11 of the explosion relief transfer pipe 1 is sealed and connected to the explosion relief pipe 3 in a threaded connection.

[0094] In some other embodiments, an explosion-proof membrane can be directly fixed in the through hole of the end plate 232 of the shell 23 as the explosion-proof port of the large-capacity battery 2, and the first tube section 11 of the explosion-proof transfer tube 1 is welded to the end plate 232 of the shell 23 and connected to the explosion-proof port.

[0095] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the top plate 233 of the battery pack shell is provided with avoidance holes that allow the polarity terminals 221 of each single battery 22 to extend out; the polarity terminals 221 of each single battery 22 extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes and the area of ​​the shell 23 around the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 22.

[0096] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 221 of the single cell battery 22 described here can be the pole of the single cell battery 22. In order to avoid the pole of the single cell battery 22 from being unable to smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole as the polarity terminal 221, a pole adapter can also be connected to the pole of the single cell battery 22, and the overall structure of the pole of the single cell battery 22 and the pole adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 221 of the single cell battery 22.

[0097] In this embodiment, the overall structure of the pole of the single battery 22 and the pole adapter is used as the polarity terminal 221 of the single battery 22.

[0098] In this embodiment, a through groove is provided at the portion where the polarity terminal 221 of the single battery 22 extends out of the avoidance hole, serving as a clamping portion for the liquid cooling tube 4; the liquid cooling tube 4 is fixed in the through groove, and when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 2 is higher than a set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling tube 4 to cool the large-capacity battery 2; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 2 is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling tube 4 to heat the large-capacity battery 2; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery 2 always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0099] In order to prevent condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 4 from causing safety problems, the present embodiment can also lay an insulating sealant layer on the top plate 233 of the outer shell, and a partial area of ​​the polarity terminal 221 of each single battery 22 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, and the electrical connection part (i.e., the upper end surface) of the polarity terminal 221 of each single battery 22 extends out of the insulating sealant layer and is connected to the electrical connector (based on the electrical connector, the parallel connection of each single battery 22 or the series connection of multiple large-capacity batteries 2 can be realized); the main part of the liquid cooling tube 4 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 4 extend out of the insulating sealant layer for connection with the liquid cooling equipment.

[0100] Furthermore, since the polarity terminal 221 is directly exposed to the external environment, there is a great safety hazard during use due to the polarity terminal 221 being charged. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, an insulating protective cover 5 is arranged on the top of the large-capacity battery 2, so as to provide insulating protection for the polarity terminal 221, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazard of the polarity terminal 221 being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery 2, and also avoiding the problem that some foreign matter in the external environment falls into the position of the polarity terminal 221 and causes a short circuit in the large-capacity battery 2, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 2.

[0101] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 5 completely wraps the polarity terminal 221, it will make the electrical connection of such a large-capacity battery 2 more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit is opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 5 parallel to the xz plane, through which the electrical connector can be connected to the polarity terminal 221, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0102] It should also be noted that a channel for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 4 to extend out needs to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 5 .

[0103] Example 4

[0104] This embodiment is a battery pack, and its structure is as follows Figure 8As shown, it includes a battery pack support frame 6 and a plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies in the above-mentioned embodiments fixed on the battery pack support frame 6; this embodiment takes the large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 3 as an example ( Figure 8 Only one of the large-capacity battery components is shown schematically).

[0105] from Figure 8 It can be seen that the battery pack support frame 6 of the present embodiment is a rectangular frame structure, surrounded by four side beams. In order to improve the energy density of the battery pack, one of the side beams of the battery pack support frame 6 of the present embodiment is a hollow member (hollow tube), and a plurality of branch pipes 71 corresponding to the large-capacity batteries 2 are fixed thereon, and each branch pipe 71 can be fixed to the hollow member by screw connection, welding or integral molding. The side beam is used as an explosion-proof manifold 7. When the large-capacity battery assembly is fixed on the battery pack support frame 6, each branch pipe 71 is sealed and connected to the third pipe section 13 of the explosion-proof transfer tube 1 in the corresponding large-capacity battery assembly, and the sealing connection can be achieved by interference fit.

[0106] Example 5

[0107] This embodiment is another battery pack, and its structure is as follows Fig. 9 As shown, unlike Example 4, one side beam of the battery pack support frame 6 of this embodiment is an I-shaped steel, and the space between the upper and lower flanges of the I-shaped steel can be used as a storage space for the explosion-proof manifold 7, so that the explosion-proof manifold 7 does not need to occupy additional space, and the energy density of the battery pack can also be improved.

[0108] like Fig.10 As shown, the explosion-proof manifold 7 in this embodiment includes a plurality of three-way pipes 72 corresponding one to each large-capacity battery assembly, and a flexible pipe section 73 connected between two three-way pipes 72; the first interface of each three-way pipe 72 is sealedly connected to the third pipe section 13 of the explosion-proof transfer pipe 1 in the corresponding large-capacity battery assembly, and the sealed connection can be achieved by screwing.

[0109] like Fig.11 As shown, in order to facilitate fixing the large-capacity battery assembly on the battery pack support frame 6, the battery pack support frame 6 is designed as a split structure in this embodiment, including a U-shaped frame 62 and an I-shaped steel side beam 61 fixed to the open end of the U-shaped frame 62.

[0110] During assembly, first, each tee is fixed to the corresponding third pipe section 13, then, a plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies with tee are arranged in a set direction, then, two adjacent tee assemblies are connected by a flexible pipe section; then, the plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies with explosion-proof manifolds are fixed to the U-shaped frame 62, then, the I-shaped steel side beam 61 is fixed to the open end of the U-shaped frame 62, and the explosion-proof manifold 7 is embedded in the inner space between the upper flange and the lower flange of the I-shaped steel side beam 61 ( Fig.11 , area shown in a). The explosion venting manifold 7 does not need to occupy additional space, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack.

[0111] Because the utility model is a spliced ​​explosion-proof manifold, and the middle connecting pipe section is a flexible pipe section, the deformation of the flexible pipe section can compensate for the spacing deviation of the large-capacity battery components, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the explosion-proof manifold.

Claims

1. An explosion relief transfer tube, characterized in that: It includes a first pipe section, a second pipe section and a third pipe section connected in sequence; The first pipe section is a metal pipe, which is used to seal and connect with the battery explosion vent; The second pipe section is a high temperature resistant insulating pipe; The third pipe section is a metal pipe, which is used to connect with the explosion-relief manifold.

2. The explosion relief transfer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pipe section is a ceramic pipe.

3. A large-capacity battery assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a large-capacity battery and the explosion-proof transfer tube as claimed in claim 1 or 2; the large-capacity battery comprises a plurality of single cells and a shared chamber connected to the inner cavities of each single cell; One end of the shared chamber serves as an explosion vent for the large-capacity battery and is sealed and connected to the first pipe section of the explosion vent transfer pipe.

4. A large-capacity battery assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a large-capacity battery and the explosion-proof transfer tube as claimed in claim 1 or 2; The large-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in the shell; the inner cavity of each single cell is connected to the inner cavity of the shell; The shell is provided with an explosion vent; the explosion vent is sealed and connected with the first pipe section of the explosion vent transfer pipe.

5. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top plate of the large-capacity battery shell is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery; the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell; the part where the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance holes is provided with a heat transfer pipe clamping part; The heat transfer tube is fixed on the heat transfer tube clamping part of the polarity terminal of each single battery, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single battery.

6. A battery pack, characterized in that: A battery pack supporting frame, an explosion venting manifold, and a plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies according to any one of claims 3 to 5 fixed on the battery pack supporting frame; The third pipe section of the explosion-relief transfer pipe in each large-capacity battery assembly is sealed and connected to the explosion-relief manifold.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: One side beam in the battery pack support frame is a hollow component, serving as an explosion venting manifold; The explosion relief manifold is provided with a plurality of branch pipes corresponding to each large-capacity battery assembly; Each branch pipe is sealed and connected to the third pipe section of the explosion relief transfer pipe in the corresponding large-capacity battery assembly.

8. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The explosion relief manifold includes a plurality of three-way pipes corresponding to each large-capacity battery assembly, and a flexible pipe section connected between two three-way pipes; The first interface of each three-way pipe is sealed and connected to the third pipe section of the explosion-relief transfer pipe in the corresponding large-capacity battery assembly.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: One side beam of the battery pack support frame is an I-shaped steel, and the explosion-proof manifold is embedded between the upper and lower flanges of the I-shaped steel.

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