Coating mechanism and coating device

Abstract

The utility model provides a coating mechanism and a coating device.The coating mechanism comprises a first die head, a second die head and a gasket; the second die head and the first die head are arranged at intervals; the gasket is clamped between the first die head and the second die head; the gasket and the first die head form a first discharging channel, and the first discharging channel is provided with a first discharging port; the gasket and the second die head form a second discharging channel, and the second discharging channel is provided with a second discharging port; the first end part of the gasket and the first end part of the first die head form a first discharge port, the first end part of the gasket and the second end part of the second die head form a second discharge port, and the first end part of the gasket protrudes out of the first end part of the first die head and the second end part of the second die head to form a protruding part. In this way, the protruding part can flatly remove a liquid film formed by the redundant second raw material flowing out of the second discharging port, and the first raw material flowing out of the first discharging port can well cover the surface of the second raw material on which the film is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a coating mechanism and a coating device. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite solar cells include multiple functional layers, such as a perovskite layer and a buried interface passivation layer at the bottom of the perovskite layer. The prior art generally uses an anti-solvent method to form a buried interface passivation layer between a metal oxide and a perovskite layer. However, this method cannot achieve uniform large-area coating, so it is difficult to use in large-scale industrialization. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a process technology that can passivate the buried interface over a large area. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a coating mechanism and a coating device that can realize large-area passivation of the buried interface, which can be applied to the large-scale industrial production of perovskite batteries.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a coating mechanism, which includes: a first die head; a second die head, which is spaced apart from the first die head; and a gasket, which is clamped between the first die head and the second die head; wherein the gasket and the first die head form a first discharge channel, and the first discharge channel has a first discharge port; the gasket and the second die head form a second discharge channel, and the second discharge channel has a second discharge port; the first end of the gasket and the first end of the first die head form a first discharge port, and the first end of the gasket and the second end of the second die head form a second discharge port, and the first end of the gasket protrudes from the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head to form a protrusion.

[0005] In the above technical scheme, a first discharge channel and a second discharge channel are formed by clamping a gasket between a first die head and a second die head, so that a first raw material can be supplied to the first discharge channel and a second raw material can be supplied to the second discharge channel, so that the first raw material and the second raw material flow in their respective independent channels, are insoluble in each other, and do not interfere with each other; and the first discharge port can allow the first raw material to flow out, and the second discharge port can allow the second raw material to flow out, so as to form a first coating film and a second coating film arranged in a stacked manner, and the coating operation of different coating solutions is completed synchronously. Therefore, the coating mechanism in the present application can realize the synchronous film formation of different coating solutions, providing Improve coating efficiency; by arranging the first end of the gasket to protrude beyond the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head, a protrusion is formed, so that the protrusion can separate and drain the first raw material and the second raw material, and can also smoothly remove the liquid film formed by the excess second raw material flowing out of the second discharge port, so that the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge port can better cover the surface of the film-forming second raw material; in addition, the protrusion can have the effect of scraping the coated raw material, so that the formed film layer is smoother; especially the protrusion made of metal material has a certain elasticity, which can have a good scraping effect.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first end of the first die head is flush with the second end of the second die head; and the discharge direction of the first discharge port is parallel to the discharge direction of the second discharge port.

[0007] In the above technical scheme, by setting the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head to be flush, and the discharge direction of the first discharge port and the discharge direction of the second discharge port to be parallel, the first discharge port of the first die head and the second discharge port of the second die head can be basically symmetrically distributed on the opposite sides of the gasket. On the one hand, it can better drain and reduce the risk of uneven thickness of the coating film; on the other hand, the protrusion can also flatten the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge port and the second raw material flowing out of the second discharge port during the film forming process to obtain a more evenly stacked first coating film and second coating film; on the other hand, it can better clamp the gasket to reduce the risk of gasket detachment or shaking.

[0008] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protrusion gradually decreases along the discharge direction of the first discharge port.

[0009] In the above technical solution, by setting the discharge direction along the first discharge port, the thickness of the protrusion gradually decreases. On the one hand, the spacing between the first raw material and the second raw material guided by the two sides of the protrusion will be relatively small. When the first raw material and the second raw material are coated on the coated substrate, the distance between the two is very small, even negligible. Therefore, the film can be formed at the same time and almost at the same time, thereby improving the film forming efficiency. On the other hand, only the thickness of the protrusion can be set to gradually decrease, and the main part of the gasket can maintain a relatively large thickness, which is beneficial to ensure the overall mechanical strength of the gasket.

[0010] In some of the embodiments, along the discharge direction of the first discharge port, the thickness of the protrusion at an end away from the first die head gradually decreases.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by setting the discharge direction along the first discharge port, the thickness of the end of the protrusion away from the first die head gradually decreases, that is, the thickness of the partial structure of the protrusion gradually decreases, so that the protrusion includes a body portion with the same thickness and a blade portion with a gradually decreasing thickness, and the first raw material and the second raw material are guided by the body portion to form the first coating film and the second coating film, and the first coating film and the second coating film are gradually brought close to each other through the blade portion, so as to improve the coating uniformity. In addition, while the protrusion has the above-mentioned functions, a variety of designs can be provided for the protrusion, and it can be selected according to needs when used.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, the shim is held only by the mechanical force of the first die and the second die.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by setting the gasket to be clamped only by the mechanical force of the first die head and the second die head, the gasket can release the deformation caused by clamping in a direction parallel to the gasket, such as thermal deformation, thereby reducing the risk of internal deformation being unable to be released when clamped in the middle, thereby forming a wavy edge; and no other components are required to fix the gasket, which can reduce the use of parts and the production process, and is also conducive to reducing costs.

[0014] In some of the embodiments, the surface of the first die head facing the gasket has a first storage trough and a first discharge trough that are interconnected; the gasket covers the first storage trough and the first discharge trough to form a first storage cavity and a first discharge channel; the surface of the second die head facing the gasket has a second storage trough and a second discharge trough that are interconnected; the gasket covers the second storage trough and the second discharge trough to form a second storage cavity and a second discharge channel.

[0015] In the above technical scheme, a first storage chamber and a first discharge channel are formed by arranging a first storage trough and a first discharge trough which are interconnected, and a second storage chamber and a second discharge channel are formed by arranging a second storage chamber and a second discharge trough which are interconnected. The first storage chamber can store the first raw material, and the second discharge chamber can store the second raw material, and then the first raw material can be continuously provided to the first discharge channel and the second raw material can be continuously provided to the second discharge channel, so that the liquid can flow out continuously, thereby realizing sustainable film formation, which is convenient and quick.

[0016] In some of the embodiments, the first die head also has a first feed channel connected to the first material storage trough, and the first feed channel and the first discharge trough are respectively located on opposite sides of the first material storage trough; along the direction of the first material storage trough away from the first feed channel, the depth of the first discharge trough gradually decreases; the second die head also has a second feed channel connected to the second material storage trough, and the second feed channel and the second discharge trough are respectively located on opposite sides of the second material storage trough; along the direction of the second material storage trough away from the second feed channel, the depth of the second discharge trough gradually decreases.

[0017] In the above technical scheme, the first feed channel and the first discharge trough are respectively located on the opposite sides of the first storage trough; the depth of the first discharge trough gradually decreases along the direction of the first storage trough away from the first feed channel, and the second feed channel and the second discharge trough are respectively located on the opposite sides of the second storage trough; the depth of the second discharge trough gradually decreases along the direction of the second storage trough away from the second feed channel, so that the first discharge channel and the second discharge channel can gradually pressurize the sprayed raw materials to form a uniform film layer.

[0018] In some of the embodiments, the coating mechanism further includes a first elastic structure and a second elastic structure; wherein the first elastic structure is disposed on the first die head and is configured to control the width of the first discharge port; and the second elastic structure is disposed on the second die head and is configured to control the width of the second discharge port.

[0019] In the above technical solution, by adjusting the width of the first discharge port by the first elastic structure and adjusting the width of the second discharge port by the second elastic structure, the flow rate of the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge trough and the flow rate of the second raw material flowing out of the second discharge trough can be well controlled, thereby reducing the waste of the first raw material and the second raw material when the flow rate is too fast and when scraping the film.

[0020] In some embodiments, the length of the protrusion is 0.5-100 μm.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by setting the length of the protrusion to be greater than or equal to 0.5 μm, the protrusion can have sufficient length for drainage, which is convenient for film formation; by setting the length of the protrusion to be less than or equal to 100 μm, during the drainage process of the protrusion, the first raw material and the second raw material are not easy to dry when flowing along the protrusion, which is conducive to coating to form a liquid film, and can make the coating mechanism have greater control over the end of the protrusion, and more flexible when used.

[0022] In some embodiments, the width of the first discharge port is 0.2-1.5 μm; the width of the second discharge port is 0.2-1.5 μm.

[0023] In the above technical scheme, by setting the width of the first discharge port to 0.2-1.5 μm and the width of the second discharge port to 0.2-1.5 μm, on the one hand, the width of the first discharge port is related to the thickness of the first coating film formed, and the width of the second discharge port is related to the thickness of the second coating film formed. The micron-level widths of the first discharge port and the second discharge port can obtain micron-level stacked first coating films and second coating films; on the other hand, it is beneficial to control the flow rate of the first raw material and the second raw material, thereby making the stacked first coating films and the second coating films formed more uniform and improving the morphology of the buried bottom interface.

[0024] In some embodiments, the gasket has a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely disposed and parallel to each other along the thickness direction.

[0025] In the above technical solution, a gasket is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other in the thickness direction. Therefore, the first raw material located in the first discharge channel and the second raw material located in the second discharge channel can flow along the straight first surface and the second surface respectively, thereby reducing the obstruction of the first surface and the second surface to the flow of the first raw material and the second raw material respectively, and better controlling the flow rate.

[0026] In some embodiments, the thickness of the spacer is 5-50 μm.

[0027] In the above technical solution, by setting the thickness of the gasket to 5-50 μm, it is beneficial for the first raw material and the second raw material to contact and fit as soon as possible after they are separated from the first end of the gasket; the thickness of the gasket is greater than or equal to 5 μm, which can ensure that the gasket has sufficient strength. In particular, when the gasket is a metal sheet, the thickness of 5-50 μm enables the metal gasket to have a certain deformation ability, maintain a certain toughness, and reduce the damage to the coated substrate when in contact with the coated substrate; and when the gasket is squeezed, it is beneficial to release the internal stress and reduce the risk of forming a wavy edge.

[0028] To solve the above technical problems, in the second aspect, another technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a coating device, which includes a coating mechanism of any one of the above embodiments; a first feeding mechanism, which is connected to the first discharge channel and is configured to be able to provide the first raw material to the first discharge channel; a second feeding mechanism, which is connected to the second discharge channel and is configured to be able to provide the second raw material to the second discharge channel; the first end of the gasket and the first end of the first die form a first discharge port, the first end of the gasket and the second end of the second die form a second discharge port, and the first end of the gasket protrudes from the first end of the first die and the second end of the second die to form a protrusion.

[0029] In the above technical scheme, a first discharge channel and a second discharge channel are formed by clamping a gasket between a first die head and a second die head, so that a first raw material can be supplied to the first discharge channel and a second raw material can be supplied to the second discharge channel, so that the first raw material and the second raw material flow in their respective independent channels, are insoluble in each other, and do not interfere with each other; and the first discharge port can allow the first raw material to flow out, and the second discharge port can allow the second raw material to flow out, so as to form a first coating film and a second coating film arranged in a stacked manner, and the coating operation of different coating solutions is completed synchronously. Therefore, the coating mechanism in the present application can realize the synchronous film formation of different coating solutions, providing Improve coating efficiency; by arranging the first end of the gasket to protrude beyond the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head, a protrusion is formed, so that the protrusion can separate and drain the first raw material and the second raw material, and can also smoothly remove the liquid film formed by the excess second raw material flowing out of the second discharge port, so that the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge port can better cover the surface of the film-forming second raw material; in addition, the protrusion can have the effect of scraping the coated raw material, so that the formed film layer is smoother; especially the protrusion made of metal material has a certain elasticity, which can have a good scraping effect.

[0030] In some of the embodiments, the coating device is used to prepare perovskite solar cells; wherein the first feeding mechanism is configured to provide a perovskite precursor solution to a first discharge channel; and the second feeding mechanism is configured to provide a passivation material prefabricated solution to a second discharge channel.

[0031] In the above technical scheme, by applying the coating device to the perovskite solar cell, the coating device can simultaneously coat the perovskite layer and the bottom buried interface passivation layer in the perovskite solar cell, and assist the passivating small molecules in the passivating material prefabricated liquid to self-assemble to form a coating film of the passivating buried bottom interface; since the bottom buried interface passivation layer and the perovskite layer are coated at the same time, the bottom buried interface passivation layer is naturally formed at the bottom of the perovskite layer, and can form an action force with the perovskite layer, without relying on the driving force of the passivating small molecules in the passivating material prefabricated liquid themselves for assembly, reducing the aggregation effect and uneven distribution of the coating film. Therefore, the morphology of the buried bottom interface can be improved, and the performance of the perovskite solar cell is also improved accordingly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a coating mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along line AA;

[0035] Figure 3 An exploded view of a coating mechanism provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section along line BB;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coating mechanism provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coating mechanism provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a coating device provided in some embodiments of the present application applying a coating film to a coated substrate.

[0040] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0041] 10-coating mechanism, 11-first die head, 110-first discharge channel, 111-first discharge port, 112-first storage tank, 113-first discharge tank, 114-first storage cavity, 115-first feed channel, 116-first elastic structure, 117-first feed port, 12-second die head, 120-second discharge channel, 121-first discharge port, 122-first storage tank, 123-second discharge tank, 124-second storage cavity, 125-second feed channel, 126-second elastic structure, 127-second feed port, 13-gasket, 130-protrusion, 131-first surface, 132-second surface, 100-coating device, 20-first feeding mechanism, 21-first stirring tank, 22-first electric pump, 23-first filter element, 30-second feeding mechanism, 31-second stirring tank, 32-second electric pump, 33-second filter element, 40-wind knife, 200-perovskite layer, 300-buried interface passivation layer, 1000-coated substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0044] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two (including two), such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined, and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or position relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" are based on the relative orientation or position relationship between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings) shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] At present, judging from the development of the market situation, the application of batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding. Among them, perovskite solar cells are solar cells that use perovskite-type organic metal halide semiconductors as light-absorbing materials.

[0050] In perovskite solar cells, the upper and lower interfaces of the polycrystalline film are generally considered to be defect-rich areas and the main factor limiting the efficiency improvement of perovskite photovoltaic devices. Among them, the buried interface (usually the interface formed by the metal oxide and the perovskite layer) is a buried, non-exposed bottom interface, which is difficult to change after the material is synthesized. Due to its chemical instability, it is easy to cause perovskite degradation during long-term use. Therefore, the existence of a buried interface often leads to performance degradation, which has always been a pain point in the perovskite solar cell industry.

[0051] In the field of perovskite solar cells, in the relevant technology, a method of passivating the buried interface is the in-situ passivation method: first, add the self-assembled single molecules (which can be referred to as "SAMs molecules") to the precursor solution of the perovskite and mix; then, use a die head for coating; because SAMs molecules generally carry anchoring groups, they can be adsorbed on the surface of the metal oxide through covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals forces, etc. with metal oxides, thereby forming a monolayer between the buried interfaces to passivate the interface. However, this method requires driving the SAMs molecules to the interface, so an anti-solvent method is often used to squeeze them to the buried interface, and the anti-solvent method cannot achieve uniform large-area coating, so it is difficult to use in large-scale industrialization. In addition, the self-assembled SAMs molecules will also partially aggregate when deposited at the interface, resulting in an increase in defects at the aggregation site, thereby reducing performance. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a process technology that can passivate the buried interface over a large area.

[0052] The inventor of the present application realizes that a coating mechanism can be used to prepare a bottom buried interface passivation layer, but the existing coating mechanism cannot be used to directly coat and form the bottom buried interface passivation layer. In particular, the existing coating mechanism usually has one discharge port and cannot coat and form the perovskite layer and the bottom buried interface passivation layer at the same time.

[0053] Based on this, in order to realize the preparation of a large-area passivated buried interface and be applicable to large-scale industrial production, an embodiment of the present application provides a coating mechanism, which includes a first die head, a second die head and a gasket, wherein the second die head is spaced apart from the first die head; the gasket is clamped between the first die head and the second die head; the gasket and the first die head form a first discharge channel, and the first discharge channel has a first discharge port; the gasket and the second die head form a second discharge channel, and the second discharge channel has a second discharge port; the first end of the gasket and the first end of the first die head form a first discharge port, and the first end of the gasket and the second end of the second die head form a second discharge port, and the first end of the gasket protrudes from the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head to form a protrusion, so that the first raw material can be supplied to the first discharge channel and the second raw material can be supplied to the second discharge channel, so that the first raw material and the second raw material flow in their respective independent channels movement, do not dissolve in each other, and do not interfere with each other; the first discharge port can allow the first raw material to flow out, and the second discharge port can allow the second raw material to flow out to form a first coating film and a second coating film arranged in a stacked manner, and the coating operation of different coating solutions is completed synchronously. Therefore, the coating mechanism in the present application can realize the synchronous film formation of different coating solutions and improve the coating efficiency; by setting the first end of the gasket to protrude from the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head, a protrusion is formed, so that the protrusion can separate the drainage of the first raw material and the second raw material, and can also smooth and remove the liquid film formed by the excess second raw material flowing out of the second discharge port, so that the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge port can better cover the surface of the film-forming second raw material; in addition, the protrusion can have the effect of scraping the coated raw material, so that the formed film layer is smoother; especially the protrusion made of metal material has a certain elasticity, which can have a good scraping effect.

[0054] The coating mechanism provided in the present application can simultaneously coat the perovskite layer and the bottom buried interface passivation layer in the perovskite solar cell, and assist the passivation small molecules in the passivation material prefabricated liquid to self-assemble to form a coating film of the passivation buried bottom interface; since the bottom buried interface passivation layer and the perovskite layer are coated simultaneously, the bottom buried interface passivation layer is naturally formed at the bottom of the perovskite layer, and can form an interaction force with the perovskite layer, without relying on the self-driving force of the passivation small molecules in the passivation material prefabricated liquid for assembly, thereby reducing the aggregation effect and uneven distribution of the coating film. Therefore, the morphology of the buried bottom interface can be improved, and the performance of the perovskite solar cell is also improved accordingly.

[0055] It can be understood that the coating mechanism in the present application can be applied not only to perovskite solar cells, but also to other fields for simultaneously coating a large area to form a first coating film and a second coating film in a stacked arrangement, and the present application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0056] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0057] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 7 , Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a coating mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along line AA; Figure 3 An exploded view of a coating mechanism provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section along line BB; Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a coating device provided in some embodiments of the present application applying a coating film to a coated substrate.

[0058] The coating mechanism 10 provided in the present application includes a first die head 11, a second die head 12 and a gasket 13. The second die head 12 is spaced apart from the first die head 11; the gasket 13 is clamped between the first die head 11 and the second die head 12; the gasket 13 and the first die head 11 form a first discharge channel 110, and the first discharge channel 110 has a first discharge port 111; the gasket 13 and the second die head 12 form a second discharge channel 120, and the second discharge channel 120 has a second discharge port 121.

[0059] Among them, the die head can also be called a "die head" or a "machine head", which has a wide variety and is widely used. The design of the die head varies according to different production requirements and product types. For example, common plastic products such as pipes, rods, plates, sheets, mesh materials, monofilaments and pellets can all be formed using different die heads. The main function of the die head in the embodiment of the present application is to flow the fluid material out in a linear or curved motion, and to remove a certain amount of moisture by further shaping and hardening (such as weathering) to ensure the uniformity of the product and obtain a continuous shape of the desired cross-sectional shape.

[0060] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the first die head 11 and the second die head 12 are molding components, which are used to form a first coating film and a second coating film which are stacked. Figure 7 The first die head 11 and the gasket 13 can be used to apply the perovskite precursor solution to prepare the perovskite layer 200, and the second die head 12 and the gasket 13 can be used to apply the passivation material prefabricated solution to prepare the buried interface passivation layer 300 of the buried interface.

[0061] Please continue to see Figure 2, the gasket 13 is usually a sheet structure or a plate structure, and the material can be a material with a certain rigidity, such as glass, semiconductor wafers, ceramics, metals or plastics. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the gasket 13 is a metal sheet with rigidity, such as a steel sheet, which has high mechanical strength, can withstand a certain amount of extrusion, and is not easily deformed. In this embodiment, by setting the gasket 13 to a rigid metal sheet, the risk of bending or even breaking the gasket 13 due to the extrusion of the first die 11 and the second die 12 on the gasket 13 can be reduced. The thickness of the gasket 13 can be uniform or uneven, as long as it can cooperate with the first die 11 and the second die 12 to form a discharge channel.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the gasket 13 is clamped between the first die head 11 and the second die head 12, thereby separating the first die head 11 and the second die head 12, and the gasket 13 and the first die head 11 form a first discharge channel 110, the first discharge channel 110 has a first discharge port 111, and the gasket 13 and the second die head 12 form a second discharge channel 120, and the second discharge channel 120 has a second discharge port 121. It should be noted that the "channel" in the present application (for example, the first discharge channel 110, the second discharge channel 120, the first feed channel 115, and the second feed channel 125 refer to a cavity with at least one end open), and the "feed port" in the present application (for example, the first discharge port 111, the second discharge port 121, the first feed port 117, and the second feed port 127) refers to the end of the channel or slot (for example, the first discharge slot 113 and the second discharge slot 123).

[0063] When the coating mechanism 10 provided in this embodiment is used, the first raw material (for example, perovskite precursor solution) can be supplied to the first discharge channel 110, and the second raw material (for example, passivation material prefabricated solution) can be supplied to the second discharge channel 120, so that the first raw material and the second raw material flow in their respective independent channels, are insoluble in each other, and do not interfere with each other; and the first discharge port 111 can allow the first raw material to flow out, and the second discharge port 121 can allow the second raw material to flow out, so as to form a first coating film and a second coating film arranged in a stacked manner, and the coating operation of different coating solutions can be completed simultaneously. Therefore, the coating mechanism 10 in the present application can realize the synchronous film formation of different coating solutions and improve the coating efficiency.

[0064] In the field of solar cells, the coating mechanism 10 can simultaneously coat the perovskite layer 200 and the bottom buried interface passivation layer 300 in the perovskite solar cell, and assist the passivation small molecules in the passivation material prefabricated liquid to self-assemble to form a coating film of the passivation buried bottom interface; since the bottom buried interface passivation layer 300 is coated simultaneously with the perovskite layer 200, the bottom of the perovskite layer 200 naturally forms the bottom buried interface passivation layer 300, and can form an action force with the perovskite layer 200, without relying on the passivation small molecules in the passivation material prefabricated liquid to assemble themselves, thereby reducing the aggregation effect and uneven distribution of the coating film. Therefore, the morphology of the buried bottom interface can be improved, and the performance of the perovskite solar cell is also improved accordingly.

[0065] Please continue to see Figure 5-6 ,in, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coating mechanism provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coating mechanism provided in some other embodiments of the present application.

[0066] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first end of the gasket 13 (not shown) and the first end of the first die 11 (not shown) form a first discharge port 111, the first end of the gasket 13 and the second end of the second die 12 (not shown) form a second discharge port 121, and the first end of the gasket 13 protrudes from the first end of the first die 11 and the second end of the second die 12 to form a protrusion 130.

[0067] Among them, the first end of the gasket 13, the first end of the first die 11 and the second end of the second die 12 are arranged on the side where the first raw material and the second raw material flow out, and the first end of the gasket 13 has a protrusion 130 protruding from the first end of the first die 11 and the second end of the second die 12, so that the first raw material flowing out of the first outlet 111 and the second raw material flowing out of the second outlet 121 can continue to flow along the protrusion 130, and then rely on the surface tension to be arranged on the coated substrate 1000, so that the protrusion 130 can separate the first raw material and the second raw material, and can also flatten and remove the liquid film formed by the excess second raw material flowing out of the second outlet 121, so that the first raw material flowing out of the first outlet 111 can better cover the surface of the film-forming second raw material. In addition, the protrusion 130 can play the effect of scraping the coated raw material, so that the formed film layer is more flat; especially the protrusion 130 made of metal material has a certain elasticity, which can play a good scraping effect.

[0068] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first end of the first die 11 and the second end of the second die 12 are flush; the discharge direction of the first discharge port 111 and the discharge direction of the second discharge port 121 are parallel, that is, the first discharge port 111 of the first die 11 and the second discharge port 121 of the second die 12 can be basically symmetrically distributed on the opposite sides of the gasket 13. On the one hand, it can better drain and reduce the risk of uneven thickness of the coating film; on the other hand, the protrusion 130 can also flatten the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge port 111 and the second raw material flowing out of the second discharge port 121 during the film forming process to obtain a more evenly stacked first coating film and a second coating film; on the other hand, it can better clamp the gasket 13 to reduce the risk of the gasket 13 detaching or shaking.

[0069] Optionally, see Figure 5 In some embodiments, along the discharge direction of the first discharge port 111, the thickness of the protrusion 130 gradually decreases, so the distance between the two surfaces opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the protrusion 130 gradually decreases. The two surfaces opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the protrusion 130 can be planes or curved surfaces. For example, the protrusion 130 is formed in a blade shape. In this way, on the one hand, the spacing between the first raw material and the second raw material guided by the two sides of the protrusion 130 will be relatively small, and the distance between the first raw material and the second raw material when they are coated on the coated substrate 1000 is very small, and can even be ignored. Therefore, the film can be formed at the same time and almost at the same time, thereby improving the film forming efficiency; on the other hand, only the thickness of the protrusion 130 can be set to gradually decrease, and the main part of the gasket 13 can maintain a relatively large thickness, which is conducive to ensuring the overall mechanical strength of the gasket 13.

[0070] Optionally, see Figure 6 In other embodiments, along the discharge direction of the first discharge port 111, the thickness of the end of the protrusion 130 away from the first die head 11 gradually decreases, that is, the thickness of the partial structure of the protrusion 130 gradually decreases, so that the protrusion 130 includes a body portion with the same thickness and a blade portion with a gradually decreasing thickness, and the first raw material and the second raw material are guided by the body portion to form the first coating film and the second coating film, and the first coating film and the second coating film are gradually brought close to each other through the blade portion, so as to improve the coating uniformity. In addition, while the protrusion 130 has the above-mentioned functions, a variety of designs can be provided for the protrusion 130, and can be selected according to needs when used.

[0071] Optionally, in some embodiments, the gasket 13 is only clamped by the mechanical force of the first die 11 and the second die 12. Along the direction parallel to the gasket 13, there is only static friction between the gasket 13 and the first die 11 and between the gasket 13 and the second die 12. There is no adhesion or mechanical fixation between the gasket 13 and the first die 11 and between the gasket 13 and the second die 12. The gasket 13 is clamped between the first die 11 and the second die 12 by static friction. Therefore, on the one hand, the gasket 13 can release the deformation caused by clamping, such as heat deformation, to reduce the risk of internal deformation that cannot be released when clamped in the middle, thereby forming a wavy edge; on the other hand, no other components are required to fix the gasket 13, which can reduce the use of parts and the manufacturing process, and is also conducive to reducing costs.

[0072] For further information, please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the surface of the first die head 11 facing the gasket 13 has a first material storage groove 112 and a first material discharge groove 113 that are interconnected; the gasket 13 covers the first material storage groove 112 and the first material discharge groove 113 to form a first material storage cavity 114 and a first material discharge channel 110; the surface of the second die head 12 facing the gasket 13 has a second material storage groove 122 and a second material discharge groove 123 that are interconnected; the gasket 13 covers the second material storage groove 122 and the second material discharge groove 123 to form a second material storage cavity 124 and a second material discharge channel 120.

[0073] Among them, the first storage chamber 114 can store the first raw material, and the second storage chamber 124 can store the second raw material, and then the first raw material can be continuously provided to the first discharge channel 110 and the second raw material can be continuously provided to the second discharge channel 120, so that the liquid can flow out continuously, realizing sustainable film formation, which is convenient and fast, and improving production efficiency.

[0074] In some embodiments, since the thickness of the gasket 13 is relatively small, the first material storage tank 112 is provided in the first die head 11, and the notch of the first material storage tank 112 faces the gasket 13; the second material storage tank 122 is provided in the second die head 12, and the notch of the second material storage tank 122 faces the gasket 13; this can reduce the design and processing difficulty of the first material storage tank 112 and the second material storage tank 122. Specifically, the first material storage tank 112 and the second material storage tank 122 are both semi-cylindrical.

[0075] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first die head 11 also has a first feed channel 115 connected to the first material storage trough 112, and the first feed channel 115 and the first discharge trough 113 are respectively located on opposite sides of the first material storage trough 112; along the direction of the first material storage trough 112 away from the first feed channel 115, the depth of the first discharge trough 113 gradually decreases; the second die head 12 also has a second feed channel 125 connected to the second material storage trough 122, and the second feed channel 125 and the second discharge trough 123 are respectively located on opposite sides of the second material storage trough 122; along the direction of the second material storage trough 122 away from the second feed channel 125, the depth of the second discharge trough 123 gradually decreases.

[0076] The first feed channel 115 is used to provide a channel for the first raw material to enter the first die head 11, and the second feed channel 125 is used to provide a channel for the second raw material to enter the second die head 12. When in use, the first raw material entering the first feed channel 115 can be stored in the first storage tank 112, and the first raw material stored in the first storage tank 112 can further flow out of the first discharge port 111 through the first discharge tank 113; the second raw material entering the second feed channel 125 can be stored in the second storage tank 122, and the second raw material stored in the second storage tank 122 can further flow out of the second discharge port 121 through the second discharge tank 123.

[0077] The first discharge groove 113 may be located in the first die head 11, and its depth refers to the distance from the notch of the first discharge groove 113 to the bottom of the groove along the thickness direction of the gasket 13, that is, the depth of the first discharge groove 113 along the thickness direction of the gasket 13; the second discharge groove 123 has a structure similar to the first discharge groove 113, which will not be described here. Along the ejection direction of the raw material, by setting the depth of the first discharge groove 113 and the second discharge groove 123 to gradually decrease, the first discharge channel 110 and the second discharge channel 120 can gradually pressurize the ejected raw material to form a uniform film layer.

[0078] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The coating mechanism 10 further includes a first elastic structure 116 and a second elastic structure 126; wherein the first elastic structure 116 is arranged on the first die head 11 and is configured to control the width of the first discharge port 111; and the second elastic structure 126 is arranged on the second die head 12 and is configured to control the width of the second discharge port 121.

[0079] Among them, the first tensioning structure 116 can be realized by bolts, screws or screws. This embodiment is introduced by taking the first tensioning structure 116 and the second tensioning structure 126 as bolts as an example. In some embodiments, the first die head 11 can be fixedly arranged, and the bolts are inserted into the first die head 11 from the side of the first die head 11 away from the gasket 13, and the width of the first discharge port 111 is controlled by screwing the bolts. In other embodiments, the first die head 11 may not be fixedly arranged, and the bolts are inserted into the first die head 11 and the gasket 13 from the side of the first die head 11 away from the gasket 13, and the width of the first discharge port 111 is controlled by screwing the bolts. The second tensioning structure is similar to the first tensioning structure, and will not be repeated here.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the width of the first discharge port 111 through the first elastic structure 116 and adjusting the width of the second discharge port 121 through the second elastic structure 126, the flow rate of the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge trough 113 and the flow rate of the second raw material flowing out of the second discharge trough 123 can be well controlled, thereby reducing the waste of the first raw material and the second raw material when the flow rate is too fast and when scraping the film.

[0081] Further, in some embodiments, see Figure 2 , the length L of the protrusion 130 is 0.5 to 100 μm, for example, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm or 100 μm, etc. By setting the length L of the protrusion 130 to be greater than or equal to 0.5 μm, the protrusion 130 can have a sufficient length L for drainage, which is convenient for film formation; by setting the length L of the protrusion 130 to be less than or equal to 100 μm, the first raw material and the second raw material are not easy to dry when flowing along the protrusion 130 during the drainage process of the protrusion, so it is conducive to coating to form a liquid film, and the coating mechanism 10 can have a greater control force on the end of the protrusion 130, which is more flexible when used.

[0082] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the width of the first discharge port 111 and the second discharge port 121 is set to micron level, wherein the width of the first discharge port 111 refers to the width of the cross section of the first discharge port 111, that is, the size of the first discharge port 111 in the vertical direction in the figure. The cross-section of the first discharge port 111 may be in the shape of a circle, a square, or a rectangle. When the cross-section of the first discharge port 111 is in the shape of a circle, the width of the first discharge port 111 is the inner diameter of the circle; when the cross-section of the first discharge port 111 is in the shape of a regular shape, the width of the first discharge port 111 is the side length of the square; when the cross-section of the first discharge port 111 is in the shape of a rectangle, for example, the direction in which the long side of the rectangle extends is perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the first die 11 and the second die 12 and the coated substrate 1000, and the direction in which the short side of the rectangle extends is parallel to the relative movement direction of the first die 11 and the second die 12 and the coated substrate 1000, and the width of the first discharge port 111 is the length of the short side of the rectangle. The structure of the second discharge port is similar to that of the first discharge port, and will not be described in detail here. The width of the first discharge port 111 determines the thickness of the first coating film, and the width of the second discharge port 121 determines the thickness of the second coating film. The coated substrate 1000 may be glass or silicon wafer with an electrode layer deposited on the surface.

[0083] Further, in some embodiments, the width of the first discharge port 111 is 0.2-1.5 μm, for example, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm or 1.5 μm, etc. The width of the second discharge port 121 is 0.2-1.5 μm, for example, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm or 1.5 μm, etc. By setting the width of the first discharge port 111 and the second discharge port 121 at the micron level, it is suitable for coating the perovskite solar cell perovskite layer 200 and the bottom buried interface passivation layer 300. In this way, on the one hand, the width of the first discharge port 111 is related to the thickness of the first coating film formed, and the width of the second discharge port 121 is related to the thickness of the second coating film formed. The micron-level width of the first discharge port 111 and the second discharge port 121 can obtain the first coating film and the second coating film of the micron-level stacking arrangement; on the other hand, it is conducive to controlling the flow rate of the first raw material and the second raw material, and then the first coating film and the second coating film of the stacking arrangement can be formed more uniform, and the morphology of the buried bottom interface can be improved.

[0084] In some of these embodiments, please continue to see Figure 2 and Figure 5-6The gasket 13 has a first surface 131 and a second surface 132 that are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other in the thickness direction, wherein the first surface 131 and the first die head 11 are arranged close to each other and are arranged opposite to the second die head 12; the second surface 132 and the second die head 12 are arranged close to each other and are arranged opposite to the first die head 11. Therefore, the first raw material located in the first discharge channel 110 and the second raw material located in the second discharge channel 120 can flow along the straight first surface 131 and the second surface 132 respectively, reducing the obstacles of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 to the flow of the first raw material and the second raw material respectively, and better controlling the flow rate.

[0085] Further, in some embodiments, the thickness of the gasket 13 is 5 to 50 μm, wherein the thickness of the gasket 13 refers to the distance between the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 of the gasket 13, for example, it can be 5 μm, 7 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 17 μm, 20 μm, 22 μm, 25 μm, 27 μm, 30 μm, 32 μm, 35 μm, 37 μm, 40 μm, 42 μm, 45 μm, 47 μm or 50 μm, etc. The thickness of the gasket 13 is less than or equal to 50 μm, which is conducive to the first raw material and the second raw material contacting and fitting as soon as possible after they are separated from the first end of the gasket 13; the thickness of the gasket 13 is greater than or equal to 5 μm, which can ensure that the gasket 13 has sufficient strength. In particular, when the gasket 13 is a metal sheet, the thickness is 5 to 50 μm, so that the metal gasket 13 has a certain deformation ability and maintains a certain toughness, reducing damage to the coated substrate 1000 when in contact with the coated substrate 1000; and when the gasket 13 is squeezed, it is helpful to release internal stress and reduce the risk of forming wavy edges.

[0086] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present application only introduce an example in which a gasket 13 is clamped between the first die head 11 and the second die head 12 to form the first discharge port 111 and the second discharge port 121 to simultaneously coat the stacked first coating film and the second coating film. The coating mechanism 10 in the present application can also include two or even more gaskets 13 to form more discharge ports to simultaneously coat multiple layers of coating films. The principle is similar to that described in the above-mentioned embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Please also see Figure 7 , Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a coating device provided in some embodiments of the present application applying a coating film to a coated substrate.

[0088] The coating device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a coating mechanism 10, a first feeding mechanism 20 and a second feeding mechanism 30, wherein the first feeding mechanism 20 is connected to the first discharge channel 110 and is configured to be able to provide the first raw material to the first discharge channel 110; the second feeding mechanism 30 is connected to the second discharge channel 120 and is configured to be able to provide the second raw material to the second discharge channel 120.

[0089] Among them, the coating mechanism 10 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments will not be described in detail here.

[0090] The first feeding mechanism 20 can store the first raw material, and can provide the first raw material to the first discharge channel 110 by gravity or by an electric pump. The first raw material is a coating solution. In the field of perovskite solar cells, the first raw material can be a perovskite precursor solution. In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , the first feed channel 115 has a first feed port 117 on one side away from the first discharge port 111, and the first feeding mechanism 20 supplies the first raw material through the first feed port 117. Specifically, in one embodiment, the first feeding mechanism 20 may include a first stirring tank 21, a first electric pump 22 and a first filter element 23, wherein the first stirring tank 21 stores the first raw material and stirs the first raw material uniformly; the first electric pump 22 is connected to the first stirring tank 21, and is configured to provide the first raw material in the first stirring tank 21 to the first die head 11, and the first electric pump 22 may be an air pump or a screw pump; the first filter element 23 is disposed on the discharge side of the first stirring tank 21, and is used to filter out impurities in the first raw material.

[0091] The second feeding mechanism 30 can store the second raw material, and can provide the second raw material to the second discharge channel 120 by gravity or by means of an electric pump. The second raw material is another coating solution. In the field of perovskite solar cells, the second raw material is a prefabricated liquid of a passivation material. In some embodiments, the second feed channel 125 has a second feed port 127 on the side away from the second discharge port 121, and the second feeding mechanism 30 supplies the first raw material through the second feed port 127. Specifically, in one embodiment, the second feeding mechanism 30 may include a second stirring tank 31, a second electric pump 32, and a second filter element 33, wherein the second stirring tank 31 stores the second raw material and stirs the second raw material evenly; the second electric pump 32 is connected to the second stirring tank 31, and is configured to provide the second raw material in the second stirring tank 31 to the second die head 12, and the second electric pump 32 may be an air pump or a screw pump; the second filter element 33 is arranged on the discharge side of the second stirring tank 31, and is used to filter out impurities in the second raw material.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, the gasket 13 is arranged between the first die head 11 and the second die head 12 to form a first discharge channel 110 and a second discharge channel 120. The first raw material can be supplied to the first discharge channel 110 and the second raw material can be supplied to the second discharge channel 120, so that the first raw material and the second raw material flow in their respective independent channels, do not dissolve in each other, and do not interfere with each other; and the first discharge port 111 can make the first raw material flow out, and the second discharge port 121 can make the second raw material flow out, so as to form a first coating film and a second coating film arranged in a stacked manner, and the different coating solutions are completed simultaneously. The coating operation of the liquid, therefore, the coating mechanism 10 in the present application can realize the synchronous film formation of different coating solutions and improve the coating efficiency; by setting the first end of the gasket 13 to protrude from the first end of the first die head 11 and the second end of the second die head 12, a protrusion 130 is formed. In this way, the protrusion 130 can separate the drainage of the first raw material and the second raw material, and can also smooth out the liquid film formed by the excess second raw material flowing out of the second discharge port 121, so that the first raw material flowing out of the first discharge port 111 can better cover the surface of the film-forming second raw material. In addition, the protrusion 130 can play the role of scraping the coated raw material, so that the formed film layer is smoother; especially the protrusion 130 made of metal material has a certain elasticity, which can play a good role in scraping.

[0093] In some embodiments, the coating device 100 is used to prepare a perovskite solar cell; wherein the first feeding mechanism 20 is configured to provide a perovskite precursor solution to the first discharge channel 110; and the second feeding mechanism 30 is configured to provide a passivation material prefabricated solution to the second discharge channel 120. In this way, the coating device 100 can simultaneously coat the perovskite layer 200 and the bottom buried interface passivation layer 300 in the perovskite solar cell, and assist the passivation small molecules in the passivation material prefabricated solution to self-assemble to form a coating film of the passivation buried bottom interface; since the bottom buried interface passivation layer 300 is coated simultaneously with the perovskite layer 200, the bottom of the perovskite layer 200 naturally forms a bottom buried interface passivation layer 300, and can form an action force with the perovskite layer 200, without relying on the self-driving force of the passivation small molecules in the passivation material prefabricated solution for assembly, reducing the aggregation effect, uneven distribution of the coating film, etc., therefore, the buried bottom interface morphology can be improved, and the performance of the perovskite solar cell is also improved accordingly.

[0094] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the coating device 100 further includes an air knife 40, which is disposed on one side of the coating mechanism 10, so that the air knife 40 can adjust the shape of the liquid film formed by the first raw material and the second raw material and dry it, thereby forming a flat and uniform semi-solid first coating film and a second coating film that are stacked. Specifically, along the movement direction of the coated substrate 1000, the air knife 40 is disposed downstream of the coating mechanism 10, that is, the coated substrate 1000 first passes through the coating mechanism 10, and then passes through the air knife 40. When passing through the air knife, the uniformity of the liquid film formed by the first raw material and the second raw material can be adjusted and dried by the size and shape of the air flow blown out of the air outlet, forming a semi-solid first coating film and a second coating film that are stacked. The semi-solid first coating film and the second coating film refer to the first coating film and the second coating film that still have residual solution.

[0095] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0096] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0097] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A coating mechanism, characterized in that: include: The first die head; a second die head, spaced apart from the first die head; as well as A gasket is clamped between the first die head and the second die head; wherein the gasket and the first die head form a first discharge channel, and the first discharge channel has a first discharge port; the gasket and the second die head form a second discharge channel, and the second discharge channel has a second discharge port; Among them, the first end of the gasket and the first end of the first die head form the first discharge port, the first end of the gasket and the second end of the second die head form the second discharge port, and the first end of the gasket protrudes from the first end of the first die head and the second end of the second die head to form a protrusion.

2. The coating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the first die head is flush with the second end of the second die head; the discharge direction of the first discharge port is parallel to the discharge direction of the second discharge port.

3. The coating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the discharging direction of the first discharging port, the thickness of the protruding portion gradually decreases.

4. The coating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the discharging direction of the first discharging port, the thickness of the end of the protrusion away from the first die head gradually decreases.

5. The coating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket is clamped only by the mechanical force of the first die and the second die.

6. The coating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the first die head facing the gasket has a first material storage groove and a first material discharge groove that are interconnected; the gasket covers the first material storage groove and the first material discharge groove to form a first material storage cavity and the first material discharge channel; The surface of the second die head facing the gasket has a second material storage groove and a second material discharge groove which are interconnected; The gasket covers the second material storage trough and the second material discharge trough to form a second material storage cavity and the second material discharge channel.

7. The coating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first die head also has a first feed channel connected to the first material storage tank, and the first feed channel and the first discharge tank are respectively located on opposite sides of the first material storage tank; along the direction of the first material storage tank away from the first feed channel, the depth of the first discharge tank gradually decreases; The second die head also has a second feed channel connected to the second material storage trough, and the second feed channel and the second discharge trough are respectively located on opposite sides of the second material storage trough; along the direction of the second material storage trough away from the second feed channel, the depth of the second discharge trough gradually decreases.

8. The coating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a first elastic structure and a second elastic structure; Wherein, the first elastic structure is disposed on the first die head and is configured to control the width of the first discharge port; and The second elastic structure is disposed on the second die head and is configured to control the width of the second discharge port.

9. The coating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The length of the protrusion is 0.5 to 100 μm.

10. The coating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The width of the first discharge port is 0.2-1.5 μm; the width of the second discharge port is 0.2-1.5 μm.

11. The coating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The gasket has a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other in the thickness direction.

12. The coating mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that: The thickness of the gasket is 5 to 50 μm.

13. A coating device, characterized in that: include: The coating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 12; a first feeding mechanism, connected to the first discharge channel and configured to provide a first raw material to the first discharge channel; The second feeding mechanism is communicated with the second discharge channel and is configured to provide a second raw material to the second discharge channel.

14. The coating device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The coating device is used to prepare perovskite solar cells; wherein the first feeding mechanism is configured to provide a perovskite precursor solution to the first discharge channel; and the second feeding mechanism is configured to provide a passivation material prefabricated solution to the second discharge channel.

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