Fixed platform for water surface assembly starting of tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fixed platform for water surface assembly launching of a tunnel boring machine, which comprises a pile foundation, a platform deck for assembling the tunnel boring machine and a slope ramp for collecting and releasing the tunnel boring machine, one end of the pile foundation is fixed in an underwater soil body, the other end of the pile foundation is connected with the platform deck, the platform deck is positioned on a water body, and the slope ramp is of a tubular structure. One end of the ramp is connected with the platform deck, and the other end is located in the soil body. Compared with the prior art, the heading machine is assembled on the water surface, so that the operation space is large; the limitation of the traditional shield tunnel construction process in the land environment is broken through, and the breakthrough of tunneling construction in the ultra-deep water area environment by the shield method is realized; more working faces can be opened up for a tunnel line penetrating through the ultra-deep and ultra-wide water area, the construction progress of the ultra-deep and ultra-wide water area ultra-long tunnel is improved, and the construction period of the ultra-long tunnel is greatly shortened; the platform can be further transformed and expanded into a permanent facility for traffic conversion or tunnel ventilation after tunnel construction is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment, in particular to a fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface. Background Art

[0002] The shield method is a commonly used tunnel construction method. This method usually requires the construction of working shafts at both ends of the tunnel for the launch and reception of the tunnel boring machine. When using the shield method for tunnel construction, one solution is to use a tunnel boring machine to start from the working shaft at one end of the tunnel and receive it at the working shaft at the other end to complete the tunnel excavation construction; another solution is to use two tunnel boring machines to start from the working shafts at both ends of the tunnel at the same time, and the tunnel boring machines dock in the middle of the tunnel to complete the tunnel excavation construction.

[0003] At present, the length between working shafts in shield tunnels, which can also be said to be the length of the tunnel, is usually less than 10km. If the tunnel is too long, more working shafts need to be set up in the middle of the tunnel for the departure or reception of the tunnel boring machine. This situation is more common in urban subway construction. For tunnels that cross inland rivers constructed using the shield method, working shafts are usually set up on both sides of the river.

[0004] In the construction of shield tunnels with working shafts, in addition to the working shaft, an underground space connected to the working shaft is also required. The working shaft is mainly used for the hoisting and assembly of the head and shell of the tunnel boring machine, and the underground space connected to the working shaft is used for the assembly of the frame. After the assembly of the head and frame of the tunnel boring machine is completed, the tunnel boring machine can start tunneling from the working shaft. In recent years, the construction of tunnels with shield tunneling without working shafts is on the rise. The shield tunneling without working shafts means that there is no need for a working shaft. The head, shell and frame of the tunnel boring machine are assembled on the ground and tunnel excavation can begin.

[0005] However, regardless of whether it is shield tunnel construction with a working shaft or shield tunnel construction without a working shaft, the departure and reception of the tunnel boring machine are both located in the land environment.

[0006] Internationally, the monthly progress of tunnels constructed by the shield method is about 600m. This construction progress is acceptable for tunnel construction in land environments. However, for ultra-long tunnel projects constructed by the shield method in wider water environments (more than 10km), this construction progress is difficult to meet the needs of actual engineering construction.

[0007] In summary, the construction technology characteristics of the traditional shield method are difficult to meet the needs of tunnel construction in ultra-wide and ultra-deep water environments. First, in the water environment, if the shield method with a working shaft is used, it is difficult to open up enough space in the underwater strata to complete the assembly of the tunnel boring machine equipment; if the shield method without a working shaft is used, the tunnel boring machine cannot directly carry out construction operations from the underwater riverbed or seabed due to the need for waterproofing of the tunnel boring machine. Secondly, ultra-wide waters mean that the length of the tunnel is much longer than the length of a general cross-river tunnel. If the traditional shield method is used, more working shafts need to be set up between the tunnels to improve the progress of tunnel construction. However, the ultra-deep water environment is a huge challenge both technically and economically for the construction of traditional working shafts to meet the needs of traditional shield method tunnel construction technology.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method that can break through the limitations of the existing shield method and meet the needs of tunnel construction in ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environments. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a fixed platform for assembling and starting a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, which can enable the tunnel boring machine to be assembled on the water surface in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters and directly start tunnel excavation.

[0010] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface comprises a pile foundation, a platform deck for assembling the tunnel boring machine and a ramp for retracting and releasing the tunnel boring machine. One end of the pile foundation is fixed in the underwater soil, and the other end is connected to the platform deck, and the platform deck is located on the water body. The ramp is a tubular structure, and one end of the ramp is connected to the platform deck, and the other end is located in the soil.

[0012] Preferably, a gantry crane and a tunnel boring machine assembly area for assembling the tunnel boring machine are provided on the platform deck, and the gantry crane is fixed on the tunnel boring machine assembly area.

[0013] Preferably, a stockpiling area for stacking tunnel boring machine components and items for tunnel construction is provided on the platform deck.

[0014] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with an office area for managing and controlling operations and construction on the fixed platform.

[0015] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with an unloading area for temporarily storing equipment parts and construction materials to be loaded and unloaded.

[0016] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with a crane for loading and unloading equipment components and construction materials, and the crane is fixed in the unloading area.

[0017] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with a transport passage for transferring materials between the unloading area and the tunnel boring machine assembly area or the stockpiling area.

[0018] Preferably, fire passages are provided on both sides of the ramp.

[0019] Preferably, functional channels are provided on both sides of the ramp.

[0020] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the ramp is circular or rectangular.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0022] (1) This solution starts construction by assembling the TBM on the platform deck above the water body, and then moving the TBM from the platform deck to the soil through a water-blocking ramp. The overall structure is relatively simple, and the installation is convenient and quick. The ramp cooperates with the platform deck to complete the assembly of the TBM on the water surface and the water-blocking transfer to the underwater, which provides a large operating space. It breaks the limitations of the traditional land-based shield tunnel construction technology and achieves a breakthrough in the implementation of tunnel excavation construction by the shield method in ultra-deep water environments. It can open up more working surfaces on the tunnel route through ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, improve the construction progress of ultra-deep, ultra-wide and ultra-long tunnels in ultra-long waters, and significantly shorten the construction period of ultra-long tunnels.

[0023] (2) This scheme can set up multiple fixed platforms. By opening up more fixed platform working surfaces, the construction length of a single tunnel can be shortened, which can make up for the shortcomings of other existing supporting technologies such as the tunnel boring machine body and ventilation during the construction period. By shortening the construction period of ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environment tunnel projects, the tunnel can be put into operation as soon as possible and generate social and economic benefits.

[0024] (3) In this scheme, after the tunnel construction is completed, the fixed platform can be further transformed and expanded into a permanent facility for traffic transfer or tunnel ventilation. The structure has a wide range of applications and strong adaptability. It can avoid the situation where it can only be dismantled and cause waste of resources, save resources and improve economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal schematic diagram of the artificial platform of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a horizontal schematic diagram of the artificial platform of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the deck area of ​​the artificial platform according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the platform pile foundation of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ramp described in the present invention;

[0030] Among them, 1. platform deck, 2. gantry crane, 3. ramp, 4. crane, 5. water surface line, 6. water body, 7. soil surface line, 8. soil body, 9. pile foundation, 10. transportation channel, 11. office area, 12. unloading area, 13. stockpiling area, 14. functional pipeline gallery, 15. fire passage, 16. tunnel boring machine limit space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, including a pile foundation 9, a platform deck 1 for assembling the tunnel boring machine, and a ramp 3 for retracting and releasing the tunnel boring machine. One end of the pile foundation 9 is fixed in the underwater soil 8, and the other end is connected to the platform deck 1, and the platform deck 1 is located on the water body 6. The ramp 3 is a tubular structure, one end of the ramp is connected to the platform deck 1, and the other end is located in the soil 8.

[0039] Working principle: The platform deck 1 is fixed in the soil 8 below the water body 6 by the pile foundation 9. The platform deck 1 is located above the water body 6. The assembly of the tunnel boring machine is completed on the platform deck 1. The tunnel boring machine moves from the platform deck 1 to the soil 8 through the water-proof ramp 3 to start construction.

[0040] This solution starts construction by assembling the tunnel boring machine on the platform deck 1 above the water body 6, and then moving the tunnel boring machine from the platform deck 1 to the soil body 8 through the water-proof ramp 3. The overall structure is relatively simple and the installation is convenient and quick. The ramp cooperates with the platform deck to complete the assembly of the tunnel boring machine on the water surface and the water-proof transfer to the underwater part, which provides a large operating space. It breaks the limitations of the traditional land-based shield tunnel construction technology and achieves a breakthrough in the implementation of tunnel boring construction by the shield method in an ultra-deep water environment. It can open up more working surfaces on the tunnel route through ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, improve the construction progress of ultra-long tunnels in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, and significantly shorten the construction period of ultra-long tunnels.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the platform deck 1 is divided into a tunnel boring machine assembly area, a material stacking area 13, an office area 11, a transport passage 10 and an unloading area 12 according to functions and work requirements.

[0042] Specifically, the tunnel boring machine assembly area is located on the platform deck 1, which is used to assemble tunnel boring machines and is the tunnel boring machine assembly operation area; the stockpiling area 13 is located on the platform deck 1, which is used to stack tunnel boring machine components and materials such as items for tunnel construction; the office area 11 is located on the platform deck 1, which is used for the management and control of the entire operation and construction process; the transportation channel 10 is located on the platform deck 1, which is used for the transfer of equipment components and construction materials from the dock to the stockpiling area 13 and the tunnel boring machine assembly area; the unloading area 12 is located on the platform deck, which is used for the loading and unloading of various parts and materials during the tunnel operation and construction process.

[0043] The platform deck 1 is also provided with a gantry crane 2, a crane 4 and a ramp entrance.

[0044] The gantry crane 2 is arranged on the platform deck 1 and is used for hoisting the functional components of the tunnel boring machine to ensure the smooth installation of the tunnel boring machine. The gantry crane is located in the tunnel boring machine assembly area; the crane 4 is arranged on the platform deck and is used for loading and unloading various components and materials inside and outside the platform. The crane is located in the unloading area 12.

[0045] Furthermore, the functional areas and equipment such as the tunnel boring machine assembly area, gantry crane, ramp entrance, material storage area, office area, unloading dock and crane can be adjusted according to the specific needs of the project. According to the tunnel construction steps, multiple coordinated areas are set on the platform deck 1, with reasonable structural division and more orderly overall operation.

[0046] Multiple fixed platforms can be set up, and by opening up more fixed platform working surfaces, the construction length of a single tunnel excavation can be shortened, which can make up for the shortcomings of other existing supporting technologies such as the tunnel boring machine body and ventilation during the construction period. By shortening the construction period of ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environment tunnel projects, the tunnel can be put into operation as soon as possible and generate social and economic benefits.

[0047] Specifically, the ramp entrance is located on the platform deck 1, and is used for the assembled tunnel boring machine to enter the ramp and descend to the underwater soil to start tunnel excavation construction;

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the ramp 3 includes a tunnel boring machine starting channel, a functional channel 14 and a fire fighting channel 15. The middle of the ramp is the channel where the tunnel boring machine starts to enter the bottom of the water and start tunneling. Functional channels 14 and fire fighting channels 15 are arranged on both sides of the ramp. The length and inclination angle of the ramp 3 are determined according to the depth from the platform deck to the underwater rock and soil body and the inclination angle applicable to different tunnel boring machines. The cross-sectional shape of the ramp 3 can be set to be circular or square, and the cross-sectional size is determined according to the tunnel boring machine limit space 16 that the tunnel boring machine can pass through.

[0049] The surface assembly platform and the ramp 3 are connected together through the ramp entrance, usually with a flexible connection, and the ramp and the surface assembly platform are ensured not to fall off due to the influence of wind and waves in the sea area. The other end of the ramp 3 is fixed in the soil, below the soil surface line 7; the starting channel of the tunnel boring machine is located inside the ramp, and is used for the tunnel boring machine to start from the surface assembly platform to the underwater soil and start tunneling; the energy pipe gallery and the fire fighting channel are located inside the ramp, on both sides of the starting channel of the tunnel boring machine. The energy pipe gallery is located above the fire fighting channel.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the pile foundation 9 is used to fix the fixed platform in the target water area for project implementation. The upper end of the pile foundation 9 is fixedly connected to the platform deck 1, the platform deck 1 is located above the water surface line 5, and the lower part of the pile foundation 9 is inserted into the underwater soil 8. The number, size and depth of the pile foundation 9 inserted into the water body are determined according to the load that the artificial platform needs to bear.

[0051] After the tunnel construction is completed, the fixed platform can be further transformed and expanded into a permanent facility for traffic transfer or tunnel ventilation. The structure has a wide range of applications and strong adaptability. It can avoid the situation where it has to be demolished and cause waste of resources, save resources and improve economic benefits.

[0052] By describing the examples of the present invention, a set of artificial platforms for shield tunnel construction in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters can be completed, thereby completing shield tunnel excavation construction that cannot be achieved with traditional technologies in such environmental conditions.

[0053] The present invention provides a fixed artificial platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, which can open up more working surfaces on the tunnel route crossing ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, improve the construction progress of ultra-long tunnels in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, greatly shorten the construction period of ultra-long tunnels, and make up for the shortcomings of other existing supporting technologies such as the tunnel boring machine body and ventilation during the construction period.

[0054] The preferred specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the utility model without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in this technical field based on the concept of the utility model through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the existing technology should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pile foundation (9), a platform deck (1) for assembling a tunnel boring machine, and a ramp (3) for retracting and releasing the tunnel boring machine, wherein one end of the pile foundation (9) is fixed in an underwater soil body (8), and the other end is connected to the platform deck (1), and the platform deck (1) is located on a water body (6); the ramp (3) is a tubular structure, one end of the ramp is connected to the platform deck (1), and the other end is located in the soil body (8).

2. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gantry crane (2) and a tunnel boring machine assembly area for assembling a tunnel boring machine are provided on the platform deck (1); the gantry crane (2) is fixed on the tunnel boring machine assembly area.

3. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is provided with a stacking area (13) for stacking tunnel boring machine components and items for tunnel construction.

4. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with an office area for controlling and managing operations and construction on the fixed platform.

5. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with an unloading area (12) for temporarily storing equipment parts and construction materials to be loaded and unloaded.

6. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with a crane (4) for loading and unloading equipment parts and construction materials, and the crane (4) is fixed in the unloading area (12).

7. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine from the water surface according to claim 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with a transport passage (10) for transferring materials between the unloading area (12) and the tunnel boring machine assembly area or the material stacking area (13).

8. The fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Firefighting passages (15) are provided on both sides of the ramp (3).

9. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Functional channels (14) are also provided on both sides of the ramp (3).

10. A fixed platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the ramp (3) is circular or rectangular.

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