Pure rolling bearing

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pure rolling bearing, which is obtained by optimizing and transforming an existing rolling bearing, and is mainly characterized in that the pure rolling bearing is not provided with a retainer, and steel balls are isolated by rollers. The rollers are installed in containing areas formed by the two adjacent steel balls and the outer diameter D of the inner ring. In order to ensure stable operation of the roller in the accommodating area, an arc groove is formed in the middle of the roller in the axial direction. After the bearing rotates, the rollers are thrown away outwards under the action of centrifugal force and are tightly attached between the two adjacent steel balls, and at the moment, the rollers are not in contact with the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, so that sliding friction between the retainer and the steel balls is eliminated, and sliding friction generated by autorotation of the steel ball gyroscope is eliminated. And (3) sliding friction between the ball and the raceway caused by inconsistent revolution angular velocity of the steel ball is eliminated. Therefore, original inherent sliding factors of the rolling bearing are all eliminated, pure rolling is achieved, heat is greatly reduced, and the purpose of high-speed operation is achieved.

Description

Technical field:

[0002] The utility model relates to a pure rolling bearing capable of realizing high-speed operation. Background technology:

[0004] Europe and the United States started research and development of high-speed bearings early and have achieved considerable results. Bearings with Ndm values ​​> 1500000 have been in mass production for decades. In this regard, my country lags far behind. At present, the high-speed bearings needed in China are almost dependent on imports, and some bearings are even banned from sale. This dilemma has seriously restricted the scientific research and application of high-speed bearings in my country.

[0005] The most important factor restricting the increase of bearing speed is bearing heat. When the temperature of the working area is higher than the upper limit of the material's suitable working temperature, the material strength decreases, and adverse phenomena such as crystal slip, plastic deformation, wear, peeling, and heat increase dramatically. Therefore, reducing heat is an important means to increase the speed, and it has always been the theme of industry research.

[0006] According to the analysis of existing data, the current industry is working on high-speed bearings through two main channels: ① Bearing material research to increase the upper temperature limit of the material, thereby increasing the upper speed limit; such as European and American companies such as SKF and FAG, they have long owned independent intellectual property rights bearing steel, and its suitable working temperature is higher than that of domestic bearing steel. ② The selection of retainer materials, ball pocket shape design, and research and development of lubricating media are aimed at reducing the friction coefficient of the inherent sliding friction of rolling bearings, reducing heat, and thus increasing the upper speed limit. These two channels: The former requires the accumulation of long-term basic scientific research, and my country's accumulation in this regard is still shallow. At present, the performance of domestic bearing steel is still far behind that of European and American companies such as SKF. The latter is only to reduce the side effects of the inherent sliding friction of rolling bearings, but after all, the sliding factor still exists, so the friction reduction range is limited.

[0007] At present, a Chinese patent "ultra-high speed bearing" has been retrieved, with publication number CN213954160U, which includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and a middle ring arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring. An outer cage for wrapping an outer roller is arranged between the inner ring and the middle ring, and an inner cage is arranged between the outer ring and the middle ring; the thickness of the middle ring is less than the thickness of the inner ring and the outer ring, and a guide cage for supporting a guide roller is fixedly arranged at one end thereof, and a force-applying component fixed on the inner ring is arranged between the guide roller and the inner ring. The force-applying component always applies a preload force to the guide roller to make it close to the inner side of the outer ring. This patent allows the guide roller to have sufficient preload force to push the middle ring without bearing other loads, thereby ensuring the service life of the bearing during operation. However, this bearing cannot solve the problem of frictional heat generation between the roller and the cage. As a result, after high-speed operation, when the temperature in the working area is higher than the upper limit of the material's suitable working temperature, the material strength decreases, resulting in problems such as crystal slip and plastic deformation. Summary of the invention:

[0009] In view of the above problems, the utility model proposes a technical solution to completely eliminate the sliding factor of the rolling bearing, realize pure rolling, greatly reduce the heating of the bearing, and thus achieve the purpose of high speed. The solution has a simple structure and reasonable design, and has broad social value and economic benefits.

[0010] The utility model is implemented by the following scheme:

[0011] The utility model pure rolling bearing is characterized in that: the bearing comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are nested with each other, no retainer is arranged on the bearing, a plurality of steel balls are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, a receiving area for installing a roller is formed between two adjacent steel balls and on one side close to the inner ring, the roller is limited to move in the receiving area, so that when the bearing is running, the roller does not contact the inner ring and the outer ring under the action of centrifugal force.

[0012] Preferably, the axis center line of the roller is parallel to the axis center line of the bearing, and the diameter of the cross section at the contact position between the roller and two adjacent steel balls is greater than the distance between the two adjacent steel balls.

[0013] Preferably, the roller is a cylindrical pin, and a concave arc is cut in the middle of the cylindrical pin along the circumferential direction, and the concave arc contacts the steel balls on both sides.

[0014] Preferably, the roller is a stepped pin with a large diameter in the middle and small diameters at both ends, and a concave arc is cut in the middle of the stepped pin along the circumferential direction, and the concave arc contacts the steel balls on both sides.

[0015] Preferably, the structure of the bearing is applicable to ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings; and applicable to rolling bearings made of bearing steel, stainless steel, and ceramic materials.

[0016] Preferably, the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring, or the inner surface of the outer ring or the outer surface of the inner ring are provided with grooves for axially limiting the steel balls.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the steel balls and the length of the rollers are both smaller than the widths of the outer ring and the inner ring.

[0018] Principle of eliminating sliding friction:

[0019] The sliding friction of traditional rolling bearings mainly includes:

[0020] 1) Sliding friction between the retainer and the steel ball;

[0021] 2) The rotation of the steel ball gyroscope causes sliding friction between the steel ball and the raceway;

[0022] 3) The study found that at the same moment, the angular velocities of different steel balls are not consistent. The angular velocity in the working area is slightly greater than that in the non-working area. This tiny difference inevitably causes sliding friction between the ball and the raceway.

[0023] After using the innovative solution of the utility model:

[0024] 1) The retainer is replaced by a roller, and sliding is replaced by rolling, eliminating the sliding friction between the retainer and the steel ball;

[0025] 2) When the bearing rotates, the roller is thrown outward by the centrifugal force, and it is tightly inserted between two adjacent steel balls like a wedge. At this time, the steel ball and the roller form a seamless gap and mesh into one, limiting the freedom of the steel ball gyroscope's rotation, thereby eliminating the sliding friction of the steel ball caused by the gyroscope's rotation;

[0026] 3) Because the steel balls and rollers have formed a seamless and completely meshed integration, all rolling bodies always maintain the same linear speed rolling, eliminating the sliding friction caused by the difference in the angular velocity of the steel balls.

[0027] Therefore, the utility model fundamentally eliminates the sliding friction factor inherent in the rolling bearing, realizes pure rolling, greatly reduces heat generation, and thus achieves the purpose of high speed. Description of the drawings:

[0029] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the M part;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a roller;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the roller;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing bearing (where A1 is the inner ring, A2 is the outer ring, A3 is the steel ball, A4 is the retainer, A5 is the rivet, and A6 is the accommodation area). Specific implementation method:

[0037] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0038] The utility model discloses a pure rolling bearing, the bearing comprises an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 which are nested with each other, no retainer is arranged on the bearing, a plurality of steel balls 3 are arranged between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2, a receiving area 6 for installing a roller 4 is formed between two adjacent steel balls and on one side close to the inner ring, the roller is limited to move in the receiving area, so that when the bearing is running, the roller does not contact with the inner ring and the outer ring under the action of centrifugal force.

[0039] For reasonable design, the axis line of the above-mentioned roller is parallel to the axis line of the bearing. Only by making the axis line of the roller parallel to the axis line of the bearing can the smooth movement of the roller and the steel ball be ensured; the diameter of the cross-section at the contact position between the roller and the two adjacent steel balls is larger than the distance between the two adjacent steel balls. Since the diameter of the cross-section at the contact position between the roller and the two adjacent steel balls is larger than the distance between the two adjacent steel balls, the roller is prevented from sliding between the two steel balls and close to the outer ring under the action of centrifugal force.

[0040] One embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the roller is a cylindrical pin, and a concave arc 401 is cut in the middle of the cylindrical pin along the circumferential direction, and the concave arc contacts the steel balls on both sides.

[0041] One embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the roller is a stepped pin with a large diameter in the middle and small diameters at both ends. A concave arc 401 is cut in the middle of the stepped pin along the circumferential direction, and the concave arc contacts the steel balls on both sides.

[0042] The structure of the bearing of the utility model can be applicable to ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings; it can also be applicable to rolling bearings made of materials such as bearing steel, stainless steel, and ceramics.

[0043] Specifically, the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring, or the inner surface of the outer ring or the outer surface of the inner ring, are provided with a groove 5 for axially limiting the steel ball, and the diameter of the steel ball and the length of the roller are both smaller than the width of the outer ring and the inner ring.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the pure rolling bearing of the utility model is composed of four components:

[0045] Outer ring 1: Compared with the existing bearings, except for the necessary modification of the inner diameter d, the rest retains the original structural technical standards;

[0046] Inner ring 2: Compared with the existing bearing, except for the outer diameter D, necessary modifications are required, and the rest retain the original technical structure standards;

[0047] Steel ball 3: Compared with the existing bearings, the original structural standards are retained, but the number of balls needs to be increased;

[0048] Roller 4: The roller is a rotating body with a concave arc in the middle of the axial direction. There are two structures to choose from, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the material can be GCr15, HRC50~55.

[0049] Roller 4 is parallel to the bearing axis, with the concave arc in the middle of the axis attached to the spherical surface of the steel ball. It is arranged alternately with the steel ball 3 between the inner and outer rings, and installed in the "accommodation area" formed by the two adjacent spherical surfaces and the outer diameter of the inner ring. When the bearing rotates, the roller is thrown outward, close to the steel ball, and rotates synchronously with the steel ball, and does not contact the inner and outer rings.

[0050] Manufacturing of the utility model pure rolling bearing:

[0051] 1. Design according to the needs of bearing steel balls Figure 1 D and d dimensions in the assembly drawing;

[0052] 2. Design the "accommodation area" space composed of two adjacent steel balls and the outer D of the inner ring. Figure 4 or Figure 5 The roller size must ensure that ① the roller and the steel ball have appropriate circumferential clearance; ② the roller cannot escape axially; ③ the roller cannot escape radially from the above-mentioned "accommodation area";

[0053] 3. Add the finished rollers one by one between two adjacent steel balls, with the rollers against one end of the inner ring. When adding the last roller, the radial elastic deformation of the ring can be used to add it.

[0054] 4. Detection:

[0055] The inner hole of the bearing is loaded with a simulated mandrel, and then the following are tested:

[0056] ① The rolling element should have appropriate circumferential clearance to provide free space for the roller to self-position;

[0057] ②The roller shall not escape axially;

[0058] ③ The roller shall not radially escape from the above-mentioned "accommodation area";

[0059] When a certain number of rollers are assembled, it is not necessary to install a simulated mandrel during testing. Instead, you can add empirical value correction to select the rollers.

[0060] Advantages of using this innovative solution:

[0061] 1) The retainer is replaced by a roller, and sliding is replaced by rolling, eliminating the sliding friction between the retainer and the steel ball;

[0062] 2) When the bearing rotates, the roller is thrown outward by the centrifugal force, and it is tightly inserted between two adjacent steel balls like a wedge. At this time, the steel ball and the roller form a seamless gap and mesh into one, limiting the freedom of the steel ball gyroscope's rotation, thereby eliminating the sliding friction of the steel ball caused by the gyroscope's rotation;

[0063] 3) Because the steel balls and rollers have formed a seamless and completely meshed integration, all rolling bodies always maintain the same linear speed rolling, eliminating the sliding friction caused by the difference in the angular velocity of the steel balls.

[0064] Therefore, the utility model fundamentally eliminates the sliding friction factor inherent in the rolling bearing, realizes pure rolling, greatly reduces heat generation, and thus achieves the purpose of high speed.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the utility model can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A pure rolling bearing, characterized in that: The bearing comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are nested with each other. No retainer is provided on the bearing. A plurality of steel balls are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring. A receiving area for mounting a roller is formed between two adjacent steel balls and on one side close to the inner ring. The roller is limited to move in the receiving area so that when the bearing is running, the roller does not contact the inner ring and the outer ring under the action of centrifugal force.

2. The pure rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis center line of the roller is parallel to the axis center line of the bearing, and the diameter of the cross section at the contact position between the roller and two adjacent steel balls is greater than the distance between the two adjacent steel balls.

3. The pure rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The roller is a cylindrical pin, and a concave arc is cut in the middle of the cylindrical pin along the circumferential direction, and the concave arc contacts the steel balls on both sides.

4. The pure rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The roller is a stepped pin with a large diameter in the middle and small diameters at both ends. A concave arc is cut in the middle of the stepped pin along the circumferential direction, and the concave arc contacts the steel balls on both sides.

5. The pure rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the bearing is applicable to ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings; and applicable to rolling bearings made of bearing steel, stainless steel and ceramic materials.

6. The pure rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the steel ball and the length of the roller are both smaller than the width of the outer ring and the inner ring.

Images