Pneumatic disc brake

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pneumatic disc brake which comprises a brake shell, a movable friction plate and a fixed friction plate, the movable friction plate and the fixed friction plate are matched with each other and installed on the brake shell, and the movable friction plate is driven by a brake unit installed on the brake shell to be close to or away from the fixed friction plate. The braking unit comprises a pushing assembly and a compensation assembly; the pushing assembly comprises a swing arm, a first pushing block and a second pushing block; the compensation assembly comprises a compensation block, a tensioning spring, a fixing base, an adjusting ring, a clamping block, a first jacking spring, a second jacking spring, a compensation screw rod and a dustproof protection cover. The brake device has the advantages that the brake unit composed of the pushing assembly and the compensation assembly is adopted to achieve brake of the two friction plates, when gaps occur due to abrasion of the friction plates, automatic compensation of the positions of the movable friction plates is achieved through the action of the compensation assembly, the brake effect of the two friction plates is guaranteed, and the brake device is convenient to use. Manual adjustment is not needed any more, dismounting and mounting of the brake are not involved, and great convenience is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a pneumatic disc brake. Background Art

[0002] Pneumatic brakes are referred to as disc brakes, pneumatic brakes, air-compressed disc brakes, and air-compressed, hydraulic, and pneumatic brakes. The working principle of pneumatic brakes is to input pressurized gas into the air bag of the pneumatic brake, thereby pushing the piston to move in a straight line, thereby pressing the brake friction plate against the brake wheel to generate friction and brake function.

[0003] Among the two friction plates of a car, one is a fixed friction plate and the other is a movable friction plate. The movable friction plate moves towards the fixed friction plate under the drive of the main shaft to achieve braking. As we all know, as the number of braking increases, the friction plate will inevitably wear out, which will lead to the generation of gaps. At this time, it is necessary to add a compensation mechanism to the brake to adjust the position of the movable friction plate, so as to ensure that the movable friction plate can cooperate well with the fixed friction plate to achieve braking.

[0004] When the existing disc brakes are used to compensate and adjust the position of the friction plate, they are mostly adjusted by threaded fitting, such as a disc brake mentioned in patent CN105121893B, a hydraulic disc brake with parking brake mentioned in patent CN204284270U, ​​and a pneumatic disc brake main adjustment mechanism mentioned in patent CN204004108U.

[0005] In the above-mentioned patents, when compensating and adjusting the friction plate, it is necessary to first disassemble the disc brake, and then use tools such as adjusting rods to reach into the brake housing to rotate the corresponding threaded matching structure to achieve gap compensation for the friction plate. This process is very troublesome, and the brake needs to be reinstalled after adjustment. In addition, manual adjustment cannot control the adjustment range well, and multiple back and forth adjustments may be required to meet the requirements. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a pneumatic disc brake which can conveniently perform self-adjustment of the clearance of the friction plate.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a pneumatic disc brake, the innovation of which is: comprising a brake housing and a pair of friction plates mounted on the brake housing and cooperating with each other;

[0008] The friction plate includes a movable friction plate and a fixed friction plate, wherein the movable friction plate is driven by a brake unit mounted on the brake housing to move closer to or away from the fixed friction plate, thereby achieving braking;

[0009] The braking unit includes a pushing component and a compensating component;

[0010] The pushing assembly includes a swing arm and a first pushing block and a second pushing block arranged in parallel, wherein the swing arm is arranged outside the brake housing, the first pushing block and the second pushing block are arranged inside the brake housing, and one side of the first pushing block extends out of the brake housing and is connected to the swing arm, the swing arm is swung by an air chamber driving cylinder, and then drives the first pushing block to rotate, and a linear pushing assembly is also arranged between the first pushing block and the second pushing block;

[0011] The compensation assembly includes a compensation block connected to the second push block, the compensation block is cylindrical, a mounting groove is formed on one side of the compensation block close to the second push block, a mounting protrusion extending into the mounting groove is formed on one side of the second push block close to the compensation block, a clamping ring is provided between the outer wall of the mounting protrusion and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and a tension spring is provided between the end of the mounting protrusion and the mounting groove;

[0012] The outer wall of the compensation block is also provided with a plurality of spiral compensation grooves, and the size of a single compensation groove gradually increases from the side of the compensation block close to the second push block. A fixing seat is also provided in the brake housing on the side of the compensation block away from the second push block, and an adjustment ring matching the compensation groove is also installed on the side of the fixing seat away from the second push block. A plurality of blocks that are inserted into the compensation grooves one by one are also provided on the inner wall of the adjustment ring.

[0013] The two inner side walls of the compensation groove are defined as the first side and the second side, and the two outer side walls of the block are defined as the third side and the fourth side, the third side is fitted with the first side, the fourth side is fitted with the second side, and when the third side is fitted with the first side, the fourth side is not fitted with the second side, and a gap is left; when the fourth side is fitted with the second side, the third side is not fitted with the first side, and a gap is left;

[0014] A first tensioning spring and a second tensioning spring are also mounted on the outer wall of the compensation block, and the first tensioning spring and the second tensioning spring are respectively located on both sides of the fixing seat, wherein one side of the first tensioning spring abuts against the side wall of the fixing seat, and the other side abuts against the side wall of the second push block, and one side of the second tensioning spring abuts against the side wall of the adjusting ring, and the other side abuts against a spring fixing cover, and the spring fixing cover is fixed on the brake housing;

[0015] A compensation screw is also threadedly connected inside the compensation block. One side of the compensation screw extends outside the compensation block and is fixed to the movable friction plate. A dust protection cover is also provided on the outer wall of the section of the compensation screw extending outside the compensation block.

[0016] Further, the linear pushing assembly is as follows: Several pushing steel balls are distributed between the first push block and the second push block. An activity groove is also opened on one side of the first push block close to the second push block and is matched with each pushing steel ball. The activity groove is an arc-shaped groove extending along the rotation direction of the first push block, and the depth of the activity groove gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the first push block. A fixing groove for each pushing steel ball to be correspondingly embedded is also opened on one side of the second push block close to the first push block. The fixing groove is a truncated spherical groove that fits the outer wall of the pushing steel ball. One side of each of the pushing steel balls is embedded in the fixing groove, and the other side is placed in the activity groove.

[0017] Further, a steel ball retaining plate is also provided between the first push block and the second push block. Through holes for each pushing steel ball to correspondingly pass through are opened on the steel ball retaining plate, and notches corresponding to each through hole are also opened on the outer edge of the steel ball retaining plate.

[0018] Further, the first push block is sequentially connected by a push block docking section and a swing arm docking section, and the size of the push block docking section is larger than that of the swing arm docking section;

[0019] A first positioning assembly is also provided between the first push block and the inner wall of the brake housing. The first positioning assembly includes a first positioning member and a second positioning member sleeved on the swing arm docking section;

[0020] The first positioning member is placed inside the brake housing. One side of the first positioning member abuts against the side wall of the push block docking section, and the other side abuts against the inner wall of the brake housing. The first positioning member includes an annular positioning ring body. The cross-section of the positioning ring body is a combined structure, and the combined structure includes a U-shaped section in the middle and V-shaped sections on both sides of the U-shaped section. The U-shaped section and the V-shaped section are connected by a straight-shaped connecting section to form a whole. Several rollers distributed along the circumferential direction of the positioning ring body are installed on the U-shaped section of the positioning ring body. The rollers are in rolling cooperation with the U-shaped section, and the end faces of the rollers extend outside the positioning ring body and are in contact with the side wall of the push block docking section;

[0021] The second positioning member is placed outside the brake housing. The second positioning member includes an inner positioning ring and an outer positioning ring which are sleeved on each other in sequence to form a ring shape. The inner positioning ring is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the对接 section of the swing arm. The cross-section of the inner positioning ring is in a C shape, and the outer side wall of the inner positioning ring close to the对接 section of the swing arm is an inclined surface inclined towards the axis direction of the对接 section of the swing arm. At the same time, a ring-shaped V-shaped groove for inserting the inclined surface of the inner positioning ring is also opened on the outer wall of the对接 section of the swing arm. The cross-section of the outer positioning ring is in an inverted L shape, and a notch for docking the outer positioning ring is opened on the side of the inner positioning ring close to the outer positioning ring.

[0022] Further, a second positioning assembly is also provided between the second push block and the brake housing. The second positioning assembly includes a positioning plate fixed on the outer side of the brake housing. A positioning groove is opened on the second push block, and a positioning post connected to the positioning plate and extending into the brake housing and moving back and forth in the positioning groove is provided.

[0023] Further, the connection between the spring fixing cover and the brake housing is as follows: on the side of the spring fixing cover close to the fixed seat, there is an outer bending structure folded outwards, and at the same time, a bayonet for embedding the outer bending structure is opened on the inner wall of the brake housing. On the side of the spring fixing cover far from the fixed seat, there is an inner bending structure folded inwards, and a limiting cavity for placing and unidirectionally limiting the end of the second pressing spring is jointly formed between the inner bending structure and the spring fixing cover.

[0024] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows: in the present utility model, a braking unit composed of a pushing component and a compensation component is adopted to realize the braking of two friction plates. When there is a gap due to wear of the friction plates, the position of the movable friction plate is automatically compensated through the action of the compensation component to ensure the braking effect of the two friction plates, without the need for manual adjustment by workers, and there is no need to disassemble and install the brake, which is very convenient.

[0025] The design of the compensation component

[0026] By designing the size of the compensation groove to be larger and larger, and respectively controlling the different fitting position relationships between the third side and the first side, and between the fourth side and the second side, a good foundation is provided for realizing self-adjustment.

[0027] For the cooperation between the compensation block and the second push block, the relative position between the compensation block and the second push block is fixed and maintained by the provided snap ring to prevent the separation between the compensation block and the second push block, which may affect the subsequent gap compensation; and the design of the tension spring is used to tension the compensation block and the second push block to prevent loosening between the two.

[0028] The second tightening spring is used to press the adjusting ring so that the adjusting ring can fit well on the side wall of the fixing seat, so that the adjusting ring can cooperate well with the compensation block, providing a good foundation for the subsequent rotation of the compensation block through the adjustment ring.

[0029] The design of the dust cover is to provide dust protection for the section of the compensation screw that extends outside the compensation block, thereby preventing external dust particles from entering the threaded connection between the compensation screw and the compensation block, which may cause the compensation screw to get stuck.

[0030] Drive the design of components,

[0031] The design of the first positioning piece is to serve as a separator between the push block docking section and the inner wall of the brake housing, and then use the cooperation of various rollers to enable the push block docking section to rotate better and achieve rolling cooperation, thereby avoiding direct sliding friction between the push block docking section and the inner wall of the brake housing, which may cause wear or even jamming of the push block docking section.

[0032] The steel ball retaining plate is set up to maintain the various positions of the pushing steel ball, preventing the pushing steel ball from rolling out of the fixed groove of the second push block, ensuring that the pushing steel ball can be well placed in each fixed groove; and the design of the notch cooperates with each through hole, so that each through hole of the steel ball retaining plate can have a certain ductility, so that the pushing steel ball can have a certain micro-motion space.

[0033] Through the cooperation between the positioning column on the positioning plate and the positioning groove on the second push block, when the second push block performs linear motion, a guiding and limiting function is provided for the motion path of the second push block, thereby preventing the second push block from deviating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic disc brake of the utility model.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a top view of the pneumatic disc brake of the utility model.

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the first push block in the utility model.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first positioning member in the utility model.

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the steel ball retaining plate in the utility model.

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the second push block in the utility model.

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate in the utility model.

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the compensation block in the utility model.

[0043] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the adjusting ring in the utility model.

[0044] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the spring fixing cover in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the utility model, the specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 11 The pneumatic disc brake shown comprises a brake housing 1 and a pair of friction plates mounted on the brake housing 1 and matching with each other.

[0047] The friction plate includes a movable friction plate 12 and a fixed friction plate 1, wherein the movable friction plate 12 is driven by a brake unit installed on the brake housing 1 to move closer to or away from the fixed friction plate 12, thereby achieving braking. A cylindrical cavity is opened in the brake housing 1 to accommodate the installation of the brake unit.

[0048] The brake unit includes a pushing component and a compensating component.

[0049] The pushing assembly includes a swing arm 2 and a first push block 22 and a second push block 23 distributed in parallel, wherein the swing arm 2 is placed on the outside of the brake housing 1, the first push block 22 and the second push block 23 are placed on the inside of the brake housing 1, and one side of the first push block 22 extends out of the brake housing 1 and is connected to the swing arm 21. The swing arm 2 is swung by an air chamber driving cylinder, thereby driving the first push block 22 to rotate. An air chamber fixing frame 21 for air chamber installation is also provided on the brake housing 1, and a linear pushing assembly is also provided between the first push block 22 and the second push block 23.

[0050] The linear push assembly is as follows: three push steel balls 24 are distributed between the first push block 22 and the second push block 23; a movable groove 223 corresponding to each push steel ball 24 is opened on the side of the first push block 22 close to the second push block 23; the movable groove 223 is an arc-shaped groove extending along the rotation direction of the first push block 22; and the depth of the movable groove 223 gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the first push block 22; a fixed groove 231 for each push steel ball 24 to be embedded in a one-to-one correspondence is opened on the side of the second push block 23 close to the first push block 22; the fixed groove 231 is in the shape of an arc-shaped groove extending along the rotation direction of the first push block 22; The outer wall of the pushing steel ball 24 fits into the truncated spherical groove, one side of each pushing steel ball 24 is respectively embedded in the fixed groove 231, and the other side of each pushing steel ball 24 is respectively placed in the movable groove 223. When the first push block 22 rotates under the drive of the swing arm 2, since one side of the pushing steel ball 24 is placed in the fixed groove 231, the pushing steel ball 24 will not rotate with the first push block 22. As the first push block 22 rotates, the depth of the movable groove 223 gradually decreases, and the second push block 23 will be pushed to perform a linear motion in one direction through the pushing steel ball 24.

[0051] A steel ball holding plate 25 is also provided between the first push block 22 and the second push block 23. The two sides of the steel ball holding plate 25 are respectively in contact with the first push block 22 and the second push block 23. Figure 6 As shown in the schematic diagram, the steel ball holding plate 25 is a circular plate, and through holes 251 are provided on the steel ball holding plate 25 for each push steel ball 24 to pass through one by one, and notches 252 corresponding to each through hole 251 are provided on the outer edge of the steel ball holding plate 25. The steel ball holding plate 25 is provided to hold each position of the push steel ball 24, so as to prevent the push steel ball 24 from rolling out of the fixing groove 231 of the second push block 23, and ensure that the push steel ball 24 can be well placed in each fixing groove 231, and the design of the notch 252 is to cooperate with each through hole 251, so that each through hole 251 of the steel ball holding plate 25 can have a certain ductility, so that the push steel ball 24 can have a certain micro-motion space.

[0052] like Figure 4 As can be seen from the schematic diagram shown, the first push block 22 is composed of a push block docking section 221 and a swing arm docking section 222 connected in sequence, and the size of the push block docking section 221 is larger than the size of the swing arm docking section 222, the push block docking section 221 and the swing arm docking section 222 are both cylindrical, and the circumferential outer wall of the push block docking section 221 is in contact with the inner wall of the brake housing 1, and the movable groove 223 is opened on the end face of the push block docking section 221.

[0053] A first positioning assembly is further provided between the first push block 22 and the inner wall of the brake housing 1 . The first positioning assembly comprises a first positioning member 224 and a second positioning member 225 which are sleeved on the swing arm docking section 222 .

[0054] The first positioning member 224 is placed inside the brake housing, and one side of the first positioning member 224 abuts against the side wall of the push block docking section 221, and the other side of the first positioning member 224 abuts against the inner wall of the brake housing 1.

[0055] As Figure 5 It can be seen from the schematic diagram shown that the first positioning member 224 includes an annular positioning ring body 2241. The cross-section of the positioning ring body 2241 has a combined structure, which includes a U-shaped section in the middle and V-shaped sections on both sides of the U-shaped section. The U-shaped section and the V-shaped sections are connected by a straight-line connecting section to form a whole, and the two side edges of the U-shaped section are inclined hypotenuses. A plurality of rollers 2242 are installed on the U-shaped section of the positioning ring body 2241 and are distributed along the circumferential direction of the positioning ring body 2241. The rollers 2242 are in rolling fit with the U-shaped section, and the end faces of the rollers 2242 extend outside the positioning ring body 2241 and are in contact with the side wall of the push block docking section 221. The design of the first positioning member 224 is used to separate the push block docking section 221 from the inner wall of the brake housing 1, and then, by using the cooperation of each roller 2242, the push block docking section 221 can rotate better to achieve rolling fit, and avoid sliding friction between the push block docking section 221 and the inner wall of the brake housing 1, resulting in wear or even jamming of the push block docking section 221.

[0056] The second positioning member 225 is placed outside the brake housing 1. The second positioning member 225 includes an inner positioning ring and an outer positioning ring that are sleeved on each other in sequence to form a ring shape. The inner positioning ring is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the swing arm docking section 222. The cross-section of the inner positioning ring is U-shaped, and the outer side wall of the inner positioning ring close to the swing arm docking section 222 is an inclined surface that inclines towards the axis direction of the swing arm docking section 222. At the same time, an annular V-shaped groove for inserting the inclined surface of the inner positioning ring is also opened on the outer wall of the swing arm docking section 222. The cross-section of the outer positioning ring is inverted L-shaped. At the same time, a notch for docking the outer positioning ring is opened on the side of the inner positioning ring close to the outer positioning ring, so as to realize the docking between the inner positioning ring and the outer positioning ring. A groove for installing the second positioning member 225 is also opened on the brake housing 1, and the outer wall of the outer positioning ring is in contact with the inner wall of the groove of the brake housing 1. Through the design of the second positioning member 225, it is used to position and fix the relative position of the swing arm docking section 222 with respect to the brake housing 1, and avoid the phenomenon that the swing arm docking section 222 moves in the horizontal direction, which affects the smoothness of subsequent braking.

[0057] A second positioning assembly is also provided between the second push block 23 and the brake housing 1. The second positioning assembly includes a positioning plate 26 fixed to the outside of the brake housing 1. Both sides of the positioning plate 26 are fixed to the outer wall of the brake housing 1 by bolts. Figure 8 As shown in the schematic diagram, a positioning groove 232 is formed on the second push block 23, and a positioning column 261 is connected to the positioning plate 26, which extends into the brake housing 1 and moves back and forth in the positioning groove 232. Through the cooperation between the positioning column 261 on the positioning plate 26 and the positioning groove 232 on the second push block 23, when the second push block 23 performs a linear motion, a guiding and limiting effect is played on the motion path of the second push block 23, thereby preventing the second push block 23 from running off.

[0058] The compensation assembly includes a compensation block 3 connected to the second push block 23, such as Fig. 9 As shown in the schematic diagram, the compensation block 3 is cylindrical, and a gap is left between the outer wall of the compensation block 3 and the inner wall of the brake housing 1. A mounting groove is also opened on the side of the compensation block 3 close to the second push block 23. A mounting protrusion 233 extending into the mounting groove is also provided on the side of the second push block 23 close to the compensation block 3. A snap ring 31 is also provided between the outer wall of the mounting protrusion 233 and the inner wall of the mounting groove. The snap ring 31 is a C-shaped snap ring. The inner wall of the mounting groove has a first annular A groove is provided on the outer wall of the mounting protrusion 233, and a second annular groove 234 for inserting the snap ring 31 is provided. The first annular groove and the second annular groove 234 cooperate with each other to form an installation cavity for installing the snap ring 31. A tension spring 32 is also provided between the end of the mounting protrusion 233 and the mounting groove. A groove for installing the tension spring 32 is provided at the end of the mounting protrusion 233 and the end of the mounting groove. Both sides of the tension spring 32 respectively abut against the end of the mounting protrusion 233 and the end of the mounting groove. As for the cooperation between the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23, a retaining ring 31 is provided to fix and maintain the relative position of the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23, so as to avoid separation between the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23, which would affect the subsequent gap compensation; and the design of the tensioning spring 32 is used to tension the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23. Since the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23 are assembled parts, and since the compensation block 3 is rotated later, the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23 are not rigidly fixed by welding or bolts, which leads to the existence of a gap between the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23. Because on the basis of using the retaining ring 31 to maintain the position, the tensioning spring 32 is used to tension the two, so as to avoid looseness between the compensation block 3 and the second push block 23.

[0059] A plurality of spiral compensation grooves 301 are also formed on the outer wall of the compensation block 3. The compensation grooves 301 are sequentially distributed along the circumferential outer wall of the compensation block 3, and the size of a single compensation groove 301 gradually increases from the side of the compensation block close to the second push block. A fixing seat 33 is also provided on the side of the compensation block 3 away from the second push block 23 in the brake housing 1. The fixing seat 33 is annular, and the circumferential outer wall of the fixing seat 33 is fixed to the inner wall of the brake housing 1. The circumferential outer wall of the fixing seat 33 is sleeved on the compensation block 3. On the circumferential outer wall, an adjusting ring 34 matching the compensation groove 301 is installed on the side of the fixing seat 33 away from the second push block, and a notch for accommodating the installation of the adjusting ring 34 is opened on the side end of the fixing seat 33, so as to realize the positioning and assembly of the adjusting ring 34, and the adjusting ring 34 and the fixing seat 33 are rollingly matched, and a plurality of blocks 341 corresponding to each compensation groove 301 are arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting ring 34, and the blocks 341 are inclined, so as to facilitate the matching with the spiral compensation groove 301.

[0060] The two inner side walls of the compensation groove 301 are defined as the first side and the second side, respectively, and the two outer side walls of the block 341 are defined as the third side and the fourth side, respectively. The third side fits with the first side, and the fourth side fits with the second side. When the third side fits with the first side, the fourth side does not fit with the second side, and a gap is left. When the fourth side fits with the second side, the third side does not fit with the first side, and a gap is left. By designing the size of the compensation groove 301 to be larger and larger, and controlling the different fitting position relationships between the third side and the first side, and between the fourth side and the second side, a good foundation is provided for achieving self-adjustment.

[0061] A first tensioning spring 35 and a second tensioning spring 36 are mounted on the outer wall of the compensation block 3 . The first tensioning spring 35 and the second tensioning spring 36 are located on both sides of the fixing seat 33 , respectively.

[0062] One side of the first tensioning spring 35 abuts against the side wall of the fixing seat 33, and the other side of the first tensioning spring 35 abuts against the side wall of the second push block 23. The first tensioning spring 35 is used to push the second push block 23 to perform linear motion in another direction. When the first push block 22 pushes the second push block 23 to perform horizontal movement in one direction, the first tensioning spring 35 will be subjected to a corresponding compression force. When the first push block 22 no longer pushes the second push block 23, the first tensioning spring 35 will be released, thereby pushing the second push block 23 to perform linear motion in another direction.

[0063] One side of the second tensioning spring 36 is against the side wall of the adjustment ring 34, and the other side of the second tensioning spring 36 is against a spring fixing cover 37. The second tensioning spring 36 is used to press against the adjustment ring 34, so that the adjustment ring 34 can be well fitted on the side wall of the fixing seat 33, so that the adjustment ring 34 will not rotate easily, so that the adjustment ring 34 can be well matched with the compensation block 3, which provides a good foundation for the subsequent rotation of the compensation block 3 through the adjustment ring 34.

[0064] The spring fixing cover 37 is fixed on the brake housing 1, and the fixed connection between the spring fixing cover 37 and the brake housing 1 is as follows: an outer bending structure 371 folded outward is provided on the side of the spring fixing cover 37 close to the fixing seat 33, and a slot for accommodating the outer bending structure 371 to be embedded is provided on the inner wall of the brake housing 1, and a plurality of separation grooves are also provided on the outer wall of the spring fixing cover 37, so that the outer bending structure 371 forms a plurality of segmented structures. In this way, the outer bending structure 371 can be better embedded in the slot of the brake housing 1, thereby reducing the processing precision requirements.

[0065] On the side of the spring fixing cover 37 away from the fixing seat 33, there is an inwardly folded structure 38, and the cross-section of the inner bending structure 38 is L-shaped, so that a limiting cavity is formed between the inner bending structure 38 and the spring fixing cover 37 to accommodate the end of the second tensioning spring 36 and limit it in one direction, so as to achieve the fixed installation of one side of the second tensioning spring 36, so as to be able to give a good pressure to the adjustment ring 34.

[0066] A compensating screw is also threadedly connected in the compensation block 3, and an internal threaded hole 302 for installing the compensating screw is provided in the compensation block 3. One side of the compensating screw extends out of the compensation block and is fixed to the movable friction plate 12, thereby driving the movable friction plate 12 to move. A dust cover 39 is also provided on the outer wall of the compensation screw extending out of the compensation block 3. Both sides of the dust cover 39 are fixed to the movable friction plate 12 by bolts. A through hole for passing the compensating screw is provided in the middle of the dust cover 39. One side of the dust cover 39 abuts against the end of the movable friction plate 12, and the other side of the dust cover 39 abuts against the end of the brake housing 1. The design of the dust cover 39 is used to provide dust protection for the section of the compensating screw extending out of the compensation block 3, so as to prevent dust particles from entering the threaded connection between the compensating screw and the compensation block 3, which may cause the compensating screw to get stuck.

[0067] When braking, the first push block 22 pushes the second push block 23 to translate, and the second push block 23 drives the compensation block 3, the compensation screw and the movable friction plate 12 to translate synchronously, so that the movable friction plate 12 moves toward the fixed friction plate to achieve braking.

[0068] When a gap appears between the fixed friction plate 11 and the movable friction plate 12 due to wear, during the first braking, the first push block 22 needs to push the second push block 23 to move a longer distance to drive the movable friction plate 12 to brake well. This causes the compensation block 3 to move horizontally a longer distance under the drive of the second push block 23. As the compensation block 3 moves longer, the first side of the compensation groove 301 will fit with the third side of the blocking block 341, or the second side will fit with the fourth side.

[0069] At this time, taking the first side and the third side fitting together as an example for further explanation, when the first side and the third side fit together, as the compensation block 3 rotates, due to the tightening effect of the second tightening spring 36, the adjustment ring 34 will remain stationary, so the compensation block 3 will rotate while translating, and because the compensation screw is connected to the movable friction plate 12, the compensation screw will not rotate. Therefore, the rotation of the compensation block 3 will cause the relative position between the compensation screw and the compensation block 3 to change, so that the length of the compensation screw extending outside the compensation block 3 becomes longer.

[0070] When resetting, the first tensioning spring 35 will push the second push block 23 to translate in the opposite direction, and the second push block 23 will drive the compensation block 3, the compensation screw and the movable friction plate 12 to translate synchronously so that the movable friction plate 12 is away from the fixed friction plate, and the brake is released. At this time, since the first side and the third side are kept in contact with each other, there will be a gap between the second side and the fourth side accordingly. Because of the existence of this gap, the compensation block 3 will not rotate when it retreats at the beginning, that is, the extended section of the compensation screw will not retract into the compensation block 3 due to the translation of the compensation block 3. When the compensation block 3 is closed, the compensation block 3 will reverse due to the existence of the adjustment ring 34, so that the compensation screw will retract into the compensation block 3. However, at this time, the retracted length of the compensation screw is shorter than the extended length, that is, the length of the compensation screw extending outside the compensation block 3 has changed, and the position of the compensation block 3 after retraction is still the initial position. Therefore, when the compensation screw is extended to a longer length, the retracted position of the relatively movable friction plate 12 will also change, and will be closer to the fixed friction plate 11. In this way, the next time the brake is applied, the first push block 22 will no longer need to push the second push block 23 to move a longer distance for braking, thereby realizing self-adjustment of the gap between the two friction plates.

[0071] The pneumatic disc brake of the utility model adopts a braking unit composed of a pushing component and a compensating component to realize the braking of two friction plates. When the friction plates have gaps due to wear, the position of the movable friction plates is automatically compensated through the action of the compensating component to ensure the braking effect of the two friction plates. There is no need for manual adjustment, and there is no need to involve the disassembly and installation of the brake, which is very convenient.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic disc brake, characterized in that: It includes a brake housing and a pair of friction plates mounted on the brake housing and matching with each other; The friction plate includes a movable friction plate and a fixed friction plate, wherein the movable friction plate is driven by a brake unit mounted on the brake housing to move closer to or away from the fixed friction plate, thereby achieving braking; The braking unit includes a pushing component and a compensating component; The pushing assembly includes a swing arm and a first pushing block and a second pushing block arranged in parallel, wherein the swing arm is arranged outside the brake housing, the first pushing block and the second pushing block are arranged inside the brake housing, and one side of the first pushing block extends out of the brake housing and is connected to the swing arm, the swing arm is swung by an air chamber driving cylinder, and then drives the first pushing block to rotate, and a linear pushing assembly is also arranged between the first pushing block and the second pushing block; The compensation assembly includes a compensation block connected to the second push block, the compensation block is cylindrical, a mounting groove is formed on one side of the compensation block close to the second push block, a mounting protrusion extending into the mounting groove is formed on one side of the second push block close to the compensation block, a clamping ring is provided between the outer wall of the mounting protrusion and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and a tension spring is provided between the end of the mounting protrusion and the mounting groove; The outer wall of the compensation block is also provided with a plurality of spiral compensation grooves, and the size of a single compensation groove gradually increases from the side of the compensation block close to the second push block. A fixing seat is also provided in the brake housing on the side of the compensation block away from the second push block, and an adjustment ring matching the compensation groove is also installed on the side of the fixing seat away from the second push block. A plurality of blocks that are inserted into the compensation grooves one by one are also provided on the inner wall of the adjustment ring. The two inner side walls of the compensation groove are defined as the first side and the second side, and the two outer side walls of the block are defined as the third side and the fourth side, the third side is fitted with the first side, the fourth side is fitted with the second side, and when the third side is fitted with the first side, the fourth side is not fitted with the second side, and a gap is left; when the fourth side is fitted with the second side, the third side is not fitted with the first side, and a gap is left; A first tensioning spring and a second tensioning spring are also mounted on the outer wall of the compensation block, and the first tensioning spring and the second tensioning spring are respectively located on both sides of the fixing seat, wherein one side of the first tensioning spring abuts against the side wall of the fixing seat, and the other side abuts against the side wall of the second push block, and one side of the second tensioning spring abuts against the side wall of the adjusting ring, and the other side abuts against a spring fixing cover, and the spring fixing cover is fixed on the brake housing; A compensating screw is threadedly connected in the compensation block, one side of which extends out of the compensation block and is fixed to the movable friction plate. A dustproof protective cover is also arranged on the outer wall of the compensation screw extending out of the compensation block.

2. The pneumatic disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear pushing component is as follows: several pushing steel balls are distributed between the first push block and the second push block. An activity groove matching with each pushing steel ball is also formed on one side of the first push block close to the second push block. The activity groove is an arc-shaped groove extending along the rotation direction of the first push block, and the depth of the activity groove gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the first push block. A fixing groove for each pushing steel ball to be correspondingly embedded is also formed on one side of the second push block close to the first push block. The fixing groove is a spherical segment-shaped groove fitting with the outer wall of the pushing steel ball. One side of each pushing steel ball is embedded in the fixing groove, and the other side is placed in the activity groove.

3. The pneumatic disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: A steel ball retaining plate is further arranged between the first push block and the second push block. Through holes for each pushing steel ball to correspondingly pass through are formed on the steel ball retaining plate, and notches corresponding to the through holes are also formed on the outer edge of the steel ball retaining plate.

4. The pneumatic disc brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first push block is sequentially connected by a push block docking section and a swing arm docking section, and the size of the push block docking section is larger than that of the swing arm docking section. A first positioning component is further arranged between the first push block and the inner wall of the brake housing. The first positioning component includes a first positioning part and a second positioning part sleeved on the swing arm docking section. The first positioning part is placed in the brake housing. One side of the first positioning part abuts against the side wall of the push block docking section, and the other side abuts against the inner wall of the brake housing. The first positioning part includes an annular positioning ring body. The cross-section of the positioning ring body is a combined structure, which includes a U-shaped section in the middle and V-shaped sections on both sides of the U-shaped section. The U-shaped section and the V-shaped section are connected by a straight-line connecting section to form a whole. Several rollers distributed along the circumferential direction of the positioning ring body are installed on the U-shaped section of the positioning ring body. The rollers are in rolling fit with the U-shaped section, and the end faces of the rollers extend out of the positioning ring body and are in contact with the side wall of the push block docking section. The second positioning part is placed outside the brake housing. The second positioning part includes an inner positioning ring and an outer positioning ring which are sequentially sleeved inside and outside to form an annular shape. The inner positioning ring is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the swing arm docking section. The cross-section of the inner positioning ring is U-shaped, and the outer side wall of the inner positioning ring close to the swing arm docking section is an inclined surface inclined towards the axis direction of the swing arm docking section. At the same time, an annular V-shaped groove for the inclined surface of the inner positioning ring to insert is also formed on the outer wall of the swing arm docking section. The cross-section of the outer positioning ring is inverted L-shaped, and a notch for the outer positioning ring to dock is formed on the side of the inner positioning ring close to the outer positioning ring.

5. The pneumatic disc brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A second positioning component is further arranged between the second push block and the brake housing. The second positioning component includes a positioning plate fixed on the outside of the brake housing. A positioning groove is formed on the second push block. A positioning column is connected to the positioning plate and extends into the brake housing and moves back and forth in the positioning groove.

6. The pneumatic disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the spring fixing cover and the brake housing is as follows: an outer bending structure is provided on the side of the spring fixing cover close to the fixing seat, and a slot is provided on the inner wall of the brake housing for inserting the outer bending structure; an inner bending structure is provided on the side of the spring fixing cover away from the fixing seat, and a limiting cavity is formed between the inner bending structure and the spring fixing cover for inserting the end of the second tensioning spring and limiting it in one direction.

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