Parallel photovoltaic cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a parallel photovoltaic cell which comprises a substrate layer, two or more sub-cells are arranged on the substrate layer in parallel at intervals, and each sub-cell comprises a first electrode layer in contact with the substrate layer; each first electrode layer is divided into a laminated area and a non-laminated area, and a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode layer are sequentially laminated outwards in the laminated area; the non-laminated areas are electrically connected with each other, and the second electrode layers of the sub-cells are electrically connected with each other. The problems that an existing single photovoltaic cell is high in voltage, and cable arrangement is complex when the single photovoltaic cell is matched with a configuration piece are solved.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular relates to a parallel photovoltaic cell. [Background technology]

[0002] The current photovoltaic system needs to connect multiple photovoltaic cells through configuration components, such as inverters. When photovoltaic cells are configured with inverters, due to the characteristics of high voltage and low current of a single photovoltaic cell, more photovoltaic cells need to be connected in parallel to connect one inverter. However, this will lead to complex cable settings and large cable usage, as well as increased costs and higher electrical safety risks. [Contents of the utility model]

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a parallel photovoltaic cell to solve the problem that the voltage of the existing single photovoltaic cell is high and the cable setting is complicated when it is adapted to the configuration parts.

[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a parallel photovoltaic cell, comprising a substrate layer, on which two or more sub-cells are arranged in parallel and at intervals, each sub-cell comprising a first electrode layer in contact with the substrate layer; each first electrode layer is divided into a stacking area and a non-stacking area, and the stacking area is sequentially stacked outwardly with a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode layer; each non-stacking area is electrically connected to each other, and the second electrode layers of each sub-cell are electrically connected to each other.

[0005] Furthermore, the second electrode layer in each sub-cell is connected in an integrated manner, the gap between adjacent sub-cells is a first groove, and an insulating layer is arranged in the first groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the first electrode layer in each sub-cell is connected in an integrated manner.

[0007] Furthermore, the first electrode layer in each sub-cell is connected in one piece, the second electrode layer in each sub-cell is connected in one piece, the gap between adjacent sub-cells is a first groove, and an insulating layer is arranged in the first groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a first insulating carbon black layer is disposed on the second electrode layer of each sub-cell.

[0009] Furthermore, a second insulating carbon black layer is disposed on the surface of the non-stacked region of the first electrode layer of each sub-cell, and an end surface of the second insulating carbon black layer is flush with an end surface of the first insulating carbon black layer.

[0010] Furthermore, a first insulating carbon black layer is arranged on the second electrode layer of each sub-cell, a second insulating carbon black layer is arranged on the surface of the non-laminated area of ​​the first electrode layer of each sub-cell, an end surface of the second insulating carbon black layer is flush with the end surface of the first insulating carbon black layer, a gap between adjacent sub-cells is a first groove, a third insulating carbon black layer is arranged in the first groove, and an end surface of the third insulating carbon black layer is flush with the end surface of the first insulating carbon black layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the first electrode layer is a transparent electrode layer, the second electrode layer is a back electrode layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer includes an N-type buffer layer and a P-type light absorption layer; the N-type buffer layer is arranged close to the first electrode layer, and the P-type light absorption layer is arranged close to the second electrode layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the first electrode layer is a back electrode layer, the second electrode layer is a transparent electrode layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer includes an N-type buffer layer and a P-type light absorption layer; the N-type buffer layer is arranged close to the second electrode layer, and the P-type light absorption layer is arranged close to the first electrode layer.

[0013] Furthermore, each non-stacked region is electrically connected to each other through a first bus bar, and the second electrode layers of each sub-cell are electrically connected to each other through a second bus bar.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by arranging a single photovoltaic cell into a plurality of sub-cells spaced in parallel, dividing the first electrode layer of each sub-cell into a stacked area and a non-stacked area, electrically connecting the non-stacked areas of each sub-cell and electrically connecting the second electrode layers of each sub-cell, the sub-cells are connected in parallel, thereby reducing the voltage of a single photovoltaic cell, improving the safety of personnel when maintaining the photovoltaic cell, reducing the phenomenon of hot spots, and reducing the risk of fire. Since the voltage of a single photovoltaic cell is reduced, when it is connected to a photovoltaic system configuration component, such as an inverter, a larger number of single photovoltaic cells can be connected in series, reducing the amount of cables used in the photovoltaic system, simplifying the wiring and system structure, and reducing costs.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1-1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 of the utility model from a top view;

[0016] Figure 1-2 for Figure 1-1 Schematic diagram of the structure from a left viewing angle;

[0017] Figure 2-1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the utility model from a top view;

[0018] Figure 2-2 for Figure 2-1 A schematic diagram of the structure of two sub-batteries facing downward from one side of the viewing angle;

[0019] Figure 3-1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 3 of the utility model from a top view;

[0020] Figure 3-2 for Figure 3-1 A schematic diagram of the structure of two sub-batteries facing downward from one side of the viewing angle;

[0021] Figure 4-1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 4 of the utility model from a top view;

[0022] Figure 4-2 for Figure 4-1 A schematic diagram of the structure of two sub-batteries facing downward from one side of the viewing angle;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 5 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-battery structure of Example 6 of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-battery structure of Example 8 of the present utility model.

[0026] Among them, 1. sub-cell, 2. second bus bar, 3. first bus bar, 4. first groove, 5. substrate layer, 11. second insulating carbon black layer, 12. first electrode layer, 13. photoelectric conversion layer, 131. N-type buffer layer, 132. P-type light absorption layer, 15. second electrode layer, 16. first insulating carbon black layer. [Specific implementation method]

[0027] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A cadmium telluride parallel photovoltaic cell, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a substrate layer 5, and light is irradiated onto the photovoltaic cell from the side where the substrate layer 5 is located. Two or more sub-cells 1 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the substrate layer 5, and each sub-cell 1 includes a first electrode layer 12 in contact with the substrate layer 5; each first electrode layer 12 is divided into a stacking area and a non-stacking area, and the stacking area is sequentially stacked outwardly with a photoelectric conversion layer 13 and a second electrode layer 15; each non-stacked area is electrically connected to each other, and the second electrode layers of each sub-cell are electrically connected to each other.

[0030] Preferably, each non-stacked area can also be electrically connected to each other through the first bus bar 3 and serve as a negative electrode bus bar; the second electrode layer 15 of each sub-battery can be electrically connected to each other through the second bus bar 2 and serve as a positive electrode bus bar.

[0031] Among them, the first electrode layer 12 is a transparent electrode layer (TCO), the second electrode layer 15 is a back electrode layer (Al), and the photoelectric conversion layer 13 includes an N-type buffer layer 131 (CdS) and a P-type light absorption layer 132 (CdTe); the N-type buffer layer 131 is arranged close to the first electrode layer 12, and the P-type light absorption layer 132 is arranged close to the second electrode layer 15.

[0032] The process method for processing the photovoltaic cell of the structure of this embodiment is: a transparent electrode layer, an N-type buffer layer 131, a P-type light absorbing layer 132 and a back electrode layer are stacked in sequence on a substrate layer 5 (e.g., glass). A plurality of first grooves 4 arranged at intervals are laser-etched perpendicular to the above layers, and a plurality of sub-cells 1 are divided by the first grooves 4. The first grooves 4 penetrate the back electrode layer, the P-type light absorbing layer 132, the N-type buffer layer 131 and the transparent electrode layer. A second groove is then laser-etched. The second groove penetrates the back electrode layer, the P-type light absorbing layer 132 and the N-type buffer layer 131. The second groove exposes a portion of the top of the transparent electrode layer of each sub-cell, which is the non-stacked area. The extension direction of the second groove is the same as the progressive arrangement direction of each sub-cell 1. A positive bus bar is arranged on the top of the back electrode layer; a negative bus bar is arranged on the top of the exposed transparent electrode layer 12.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A cadmium telluride photovoltaic cell, based on Example 1, as Figure 2-1 As shown, the second electrode layer 15 in each sub-cell 1 is connected in an integrated manner, and the gap between adjacent sub-cells 1 is a first groove 4, and an insulating layer is arranged in the first groove 4. Figure 2-2 As shown, the gap between the transparent electrode layer, the N-type buffer layer 131 and the P-type light absorbing layer 132 of the adjacent sub-cells 1 of this embodiment is the first groove 4, and the negative photoresist is filled in the first groove 4 as an insulating layer. The second bus bar 2 can be shorter than that in embodiment 1, and only one end of it needs to be connected to the second electrode layer 15, and there is no situation where multiple second electrode layers 15 need to be connected.

[0035] The process method for processing the photovoltaic cell of the structure of this embodiment is as follows: a transparent electrode layer, an N-type buffer layer 131, and a P-type light absorption layer 132 are stacked in sequence on the substrate layer 5. A plurality of first grooves 4 arranged at intervals are laser-etched vertically to the above layers, and a plurality of sub-cells 1 are divided by the first grooves 4, and the first grooves 4 penetrate the P-type light absorption layer 132, the N-type buffer layer 131, and the transparent electrode layer; a negative photoresist is filled in the first grooves 4 as an insulating layer. A back electrode layer is arranged on the top of each P-type light absorption layer 132, and each back electrode layer is connected together to form an integrated structure. A second groove is then laser-etched, and the second groove exposes a portion of the top of the transparent electrode layer of each sub-cell. The extension direction of the second groove is the same as the progressive arrangement direction of each sub-cell 1. A positive bus bar is arranged on the top of the back electrode layer; a negative bus bar is arranged on the top of the exposed transparent electrode layer.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 3-1 As shown, the first electrode layers 12 in each sub-battery 1 are connected in an integrated manner. Figure 3-2 As shown, the gap between the N-type buffer layer 131 and the P-type light absorption layer 132 and the back electrode layer of the adjacent sub-cells 1 of this embodiment is the first groove 4. Figure 3-1 As shown, the first bus bar 3 can be shorter than that in Embodiment 1, and only one end thereof needs to be connected to the first electrode layer 12 , and there is no situation where multiple first electrode layers 12 need to be connected.

[0038] The process method for processing the photovoltaic cell of the structure of this embodiment is: a transparent electrode layer, an N-type buffer layer 131, a P-type light absorbing layer 132 and a back electrode layer are stacked in sequence on the substrate layer 5. A plurality of first grooves 4 arranged at intervals are laser-etched perpendicular to the above layers. The first grooves 4 penetrate the back electrode layer, the P-type light absorbing layer 132 and the N-type buffer layer 131, and a plurality of sub-cells 1 are divided by the first grooves 4. A second groove is then laser-etched, and the second groove exposes a portion of the top of the transparent electrode layer of each sub-cell. The extension direction of the second groove is the same as the progressive arrangement direction of each sub-cell 1. A positive bus bar is arranged on the top of the back electrode layer; a negative bus bar is arranged on the top of the exposed transparent electrode layer 12.

[0039] Example 4

[0040] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 4-1 As shown, the first electrode layer 12 in each sub-cell 1 is connected in one piece, the second electrode layer 15 in each sub-cell 1 is connected in one piece, the gap between adjacent sub-cells 1 is a first groove 4, and an insulating layer is arranged in the first groove 4. Figure 4-2As shown, the gap between the N-type buffer layer 131 and the P-type light absorption layer 132 of the adjacent sub-cells 1 of this embodiment is the first groove 4, and the first groove 4 is filled with negative photoresist as an insulating layer. The first bus bar 3 can be shorter than that in the embodiment 1, and only one end of it needs to be connected to the first electrode layer 12, and there is no situation where multiple first electrode layers 12 need to be connected; the second bus bar 2 can be shorter than that in the embodiment 1, and only one end of it needs to be connected to the second electrode layer 15, and there is no situation where multiple second electrode layers 15 need to be connected.

[0041] The process method for processing the photovoltaic cell of the structure of this embodiment is as follows: a transparent electrode layer, an N-type buffer layer 131, and a P-type light absorption layer 132 are stacked in sequence on the substrate layer 5. A plurality of first grooves 4 arranged at intervals are laser-etched vertically to the above layers, and a plurality of sub-cells 1 are divided by the first grooves 4, and the first grooves 4 penetrate the P-type light absorption layer 132 and the N-type buffer layer 131; negative photoresist is filled in the first grooves 4 as an insulating layer. A back electrode layer is arranged on the top of each P-type light absorption layer 132, and each back electrode layer is connected together to form an integrated structure. A second groove is then laser-etched, and the second groove exposes a portion of the top of the transparent electrode layer of each sub-cell. The extension direction of the second groove is the same as the progressive arrangement direction of each sub-cell 1. A positive bus bar is arranged on the top of the back electrode layer; a negative bus bar is arranged on the top of the exposed transparent electrode layer.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] Based on any photovoltaic cell structure in Embodiments 1 to 4, a first insulating carbon black layer 16 may be disposed above the back electrode layer 15. The area of ​​the first insulating carbon black layer 16 is equal to the top surface area of ​​the entire back electrode layer 15, that is, the first insulating carbon black layer 16 completely covers the top of the back electrode layer 15. Figure 5 As shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of providing a first insulating carbon black layer 16 on top of each back electrode layer 15 based on Example 1.

[0044] Example 6

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, based on the four photovoltaic cell structures provided with the first insulating carbon black layer 16 of Example 5, a second insulating carbon black layer 11 is provided above the unshielded surface (i.e., non-laminated area) of the transparent electrode layer 12, i.e., the second insulating carbon black layer 11 completely covers the upper part of the transparent electrode layer. The thickness of the second insulating carbon black layer 11 is greater than that of the first insulating carbon black layer 16, and the top of the second insulating carbon black layer 17 is flush with the top of the first insulating carbon black layer 16.

[0046] Example 7

[0047] Based on the structure of Example 1 or Example 3, a first insulating carbon black layer 16 is disposed above the back electrode layer 15. The area of ​​the first insulating carbon black layer 16 is equal to the top surface area of ​​the entire back electrode layer 15, that is, the first insulating carbon black layer 16 covers the entire top of the back electrode layer 15; a second insulating carbon black layer 11 is disposed above the unblocked surface (that is, the non-laminated area) of the transparent electrode layer 12, that is, the second insulating carbon black layer 11 covers the entire top of the transparent electrode layer; a third insulating carbon black layer is filled in the first groove 4 between adjacent sub-cells 1; and the end surface of the third insulating carbon black layer is flush with the end surfaces of the first insulating carbon black layer 16 and the second insulating carbon black layer 11.

[0048] Any photovoltaic cell structure of the above-mentioned embodiments 5 to 7, by providing a first insulating carbon black layer on the back electrode layer, can prevent the metal material of the back electrode layer from specularly reflecting light when the photovoltaic cell is applied to a glass curtain wall (window), thereby improving the visual perception.

[0049] Example 8

[0050] A copper indium gallium selenide parallel photovoltaic cell includes a substrate layer 5, light is irradiated onto the photovoltaic cell from the side where the second electrode layer 15 is located, and two or more sub-cells 1 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the substrate layer 5, such as Figure 7 As shown, each sub-cell 1 includes a first electrode layer 12 in contact with the substrate layer 5; each first electrode layer 12 is divided into a stacking area and a non-stacking area, and the stacking area is sequentially stacked with a photoelectric conversion layer 13 and a second electrode layer 15; each non-stacked area is electrically connected to each other, and the second electrode layers of each sub-cell are electrically connected to each other.

[0051] In this case, when setting up with reference to Embodiment 1, each non-stacked region can be electrically connected to each other through the first bus bar 3 , and the second electrode layer 15 of each sub-cell can be electrically connected to each other through the second bus bar 2 .

[0052] Wherein, when setting with reference to Embodiment 2, the second electrode layer 15 in each sub-battery 1 is connected in an integrated manner, and the length of the second bus bar 2 can be shortened.

[0053] Wherein, when setting with reference to Embodiment 3, the first electrode layer 12 in each sub-battery 1 is connected in an integrated manner, and the length of the first bus bar 3 can be shortened.

[0054] Wherein, when setting with reference to Example 4, the first electrode layer 12 in each sub-cell 1 is connected in one piece, and the second electrode layer 15 in each sub-cell 1 is connected in one piece, and the length of the first bus bar 3 and the second bus bar 2 can be shortened.

[0055] The first electrode layer 12 is a back electrode layer (MO), the second electrode layer 15 is a transparent electrode layer (TCO), and the photoelectric conversion layer 13 includes an N-type buffer layer 131 (CdS) and a P-type light absorption layer 132 (CIGS); the N-type buffer layer 131 is arranged close to the second electrode layer 15, and the P-type light absorption layer 132 is arranged close to the first electrode layer 12. The bus bar connected to the back electrode layer is the positive bus bar, and the bus bar connected to the transparent electrode layer is the negative bus bar.

[0056] The parallel photovoltaic cells shown in the above embodiments can be manufactured into a photovoltaic module with a junction box by packaging, wherein the positive bus bar is connected to the positive terminal of the junction box, and the negative bus bar is connected to the negative terminal of the junction box.

[0057] The parallel photovoltaic cell shown in the embodiment of the utility model realizes the parallel relationship of each sub-cell in a single photovoltaic cell, thereby reducing the voltage of a single photovoltaic cell, improving the safety of personnel when maintaining the photovoltaic cell, reducing the phenomenon of hot spots, and reducing the risk of fire. Since the voltage of a single photovoltaic cell is reduced, when it is connected to a photovoltaic system configuration component, such as an inverter, a larger number of single photovoltaic cells can be connected in series, reducing the amount of cables used in the photovoltaic system, simplifying the wiring and system structure, and reducing costs.

Claims

1. A parallel photovoltaic cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate layer (5), on which two or more sub-cells (1) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and each of the sub-cells (1) comprises a first electrode layer (12) in contact with the substrate layer (5); each of the first electrode layers (12) is divided into a stacking region and a non-stacking region, and the stacking region is stacked outward in sequence with a photoelectric conversion layer (13) and a second electrode layer (15); each of the non-stacking regions is electrically connected to each other, and each of the second electrode layers of the sub-cells is electrically connected to each other.

2. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second electrode layer (15) in each sub-battery (1) is connected in an integral manner, the gap between adjacent sub-batteries (1) is a first groove (4), and an insulating layer is arranged in the first groove (4).

3. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode layer (12) in each of the sub-batteries (1) is connected in an integrated manner.

4. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode layer (12) in each sub-battery (1) is connected in an integral manner, the second electrode layer (15) in each sub-battery (1) is connected in an integral manner, the gap between adjacent sub-batteries (1) is a first groove (4), and an insulating layer is provided in the first groove (4).

5. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A first insulating carbon black layer (16) is arranged on the second electrode layer (15) of each sub-cell.

6. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second insulating carbon black layer (11) is arranged on the non-laminated surface of the first electrode layer (12) of each sub-cell, and the end surface of the second insulating carbon black layer (11) is flush with the end surface of the first insulating carbon black layer (16).

7. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that: A first insulating carbon black layer (16) is arranged on the second electrode layer (15) of each sub-cell, a second insulating carbon black layer (11) is arranged on the non-laminated area surface of the first electrode layer (12) of each sub-cell, the end surface of the second insulating carbon black layer (11) is flush with the end surface of the first insulating carbon black layer (16), the gap between adjacent sub-cells (1) is a first groove (4), a third insulating carbon black layer is arranged in the first groove, and the end surface of the third insulating carbon black layer is flush with the end surface of the first insulating carbon black layer (16).

8. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first electrode layer (12) is a transparent electrode layer, the second electrode layer (15) is a back electrode layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer (13) comprises an N-type buffer layer (131) and a P-type light absorption layer (132); the N-type buffer layer (131) is arranged in close contact with the first electrode layer (12), and the P-type light absorption layer (132) is arranged in close contact with the second electrode layer (15).

9. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first electrode layer (12) is a back electrode layer, the second electrode layer (15) is a transparent electrode layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer (13) comprises an N-type buffer layer (131) and a P-type light absorption layer (132); the N-type buffer layer (131) is arranged in close contact with the second electrode layer (15), and the P-type light absorption layer (132) is arranged in close contact with the first electrode layer (12).

10. A parallel photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each of the non-stacked regions is electrically connected to one another via a first bus bar (3), and each of the second electrode layers (15) of the sub-cells is electrically connected to one another via a second bus bar (2).

Images