Soil covering and film breaking equipment for film mulching and seeding

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to soil covering and film breaking equipment for film mulching and seeding. The soil covering and film breaking equipment for film mulching and sowing comprises a rack, a walking mechanism and a film mulching assembly, wherein a soil shoveling assembly, a conveying mechanism, a soil covering assembly and a film breaking assembly are sequentially arranged on the rack in the advancing direction. The soil shoveling assembly comprises a soil shoveling plate used for shoveling soil. The conveying mechanism comprises a supporting plate and a conveying structure. And the supporting plate is connected with the soil shoveling plate. The conveying structure is installed above the supporting plate. A conveying channel for conveying soil is arranged between the conveying structure and the supporting plate. The power end of the conveying structure is connected with a rotating shaft of the walking mechanism. The soil covering assembly comprises a soil covering plate, and the soil covering plate guides falling of soil. A film breaking hydraulic cylinder in the film breaking assembly is installed on the rack, a piston rod of the film breaking hydraulic cylinder is connected with a tool rest, and a cut-off tool is installed at the bottom of the tool rest. According to the soil covering and film breaking equipment for film mulching and seeding, single-person film mulching operation is achieved, and the field film mulching efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a soil covering and film cutting device used for film laying and sowing. Background Art

[0002] Film laying and seeding is a modern agricultural technology that combines film laying and seed sowing, which helps to maintain soil moisture, control weeds and increase crop yields. During the film laying and seeding operation, the field needs to be prepared, including ploughing, harrowing and leveling the ground to keep the ground flat, which is conducive to the laying and close fitting of the film. After the land preparation work is completed, the film is evenly spread out from the film laying device and evenly covered on the field surface.

[0003] Traditional film-laying and seeding machines can basically meet the above-mentioned operational requirements. However, it is difficult for traditional film-laying and seeding machines to achieve integrated film-breaking and soil-covering operations. Especially at the bends of the field, the film-breaking and soil-covering operations still require manual assistance. As a result, manual film-breaking operations are prone to form uneven cuts on the film roll, which not only affects the continuity of the film-laying operation, but also causes waste of the film roll.

[0004] After searching, Chinese patent document CN209914606U discloses a film laying machine that is convenient for cutting film. The film laying machine drives the vertical telescopic mechanism to move up and down through the rotating mechanism, and the vertical telescopic mechanism drives the film cutting knife to move up and down. The film cutting knife can cut the ground film, and the film cutting teeth installed on the bottom surface of the film cutting knife can be more conducive to cutting the ground film on the one hand, and can prevent the film cutting knife from being excessively damaged on the other hand.

[0005] However, in actual use, the above-mentioned film laying machine that is easy to cut film still requires manual auxiliary soil covering operation, which is difficult to meet the needs of single-person sowing operations. In addition, the film laying machine is a single-function complete machine, which is difficult to adapt to the use function scenario of integrated linkage operation of film laying and sowing operations, and it is difficult to integrate with existing film laying machines to achieve further optimization and improvement. Summary of the invention

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a soil covering and film cutting device in the process of film laying and sowing operation, so as to realize the film laying operation by one person and improve the efficiency of film laying in the field.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme:

[0008] A soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing, comprising a frame, a traveling mechanism and a film laying assembly, wherein a soil shoveling assembly, a conveying mechanism, a soil covering assembly and a film cutting assembly are arranged in sequence on the frame along the traveling direction;

[0009] The shovel assembly includes a shovel plate for shoveling soil, one end of which is connected to the conveying mechanism;

[0010] The conveying mechanism includes a supporting plate and a conveying structure, wherein the supporting plate is connected to a shovel plate, the conveying structure is installed above the supporting plate, a conveying channel for conveying soil is provided between the conveying structure and the supporting plate, and a power end of the conveying structure is connected to a rotating shaft of a walking mechanism;

[0011] The soil covering assembly includes a soil covering plate for receiving the soil transported by the conveying mechanism, and the soil covering plate guides the soil to fall;

[0012] The film cutting assembly comprises a knife holder, a cutting knife and a film cutting hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the film cutting hydraulic cylinder is installed on the frame, the piston rod of the film cutting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the knife holder, and the cutting knife is installed at the bottom of the knife holder.

[0013] Preferably, the shovel assembly further includes a mounting frame, a connecting rod and an adjustment hydraulic cylinder. The mounting frame is arranged above the shovel board, the mounting frame is connected to the frame, the cylinder body of the adjustment hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the mounting frame, the piston rod of the adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the shovel board through the connecting rod, and one end of the shovel board is hinged to the support plate. With such an arrangement, the shovel board is driven to move through the connecting rod by driving the adjustment hydraulic cylinder. Under the drive of the adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the shovel board rotates around the hinge shaft connected to the support plate, thereby adjusting the angle between the shovel board and the ground, making it easy to adjust the depth of the shovel board embedded in the soil during the film laying operation without stopping the operation, which is conducive to changing the amount of soil feeding.

[0014] Preferably, the soil covering assembly further comprises a driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the soil covering plate, the driving hydraulic cylinder is arranged parallel to the film breaking hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of the driving hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the frame, and the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder is connected to the soil covering plate. With such an arrangement, the position of the soil covering plate can be adjusted by controlling the action of the driving hydraulic cylinder, thereby realizing the switching between the soil covering and non-soil covering states of the ground film, so as to facilitate soil covering according to the needs in actual operation.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission structure includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a conveying chain, the driving sprocket is connected to the rotating shaft of the traveling mechanism, the driven sprocket is connected to the driving sprocket through the conveying chain, and a baffle is provided on the side wall of the conveying chain. In this arrangement, the power of the traveling mechanism is transmitted to the driving sprocket through the rotating shaft, providing the transmission structure with power for conveying soil, optimizing the power input structure of the transmission structure, and facilitating the transmission structure to obtain a continuous supply of transmission power as the equipment moves.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission structure further comprises a tensioning sprocket, wherein the tensioning sprocket is located between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.

[0017] Preferably, a pad is provided below the film cutting assembly, the pad is located directly below the cutting knife, and the pad is connected to the frame through a connecting frame. With such a configuration, when the film cutting operation is implemented, the pad is located between the cutting knife and the soil, which, on the one hand, facilitates the cutting knife to better cut the film roll, which helps to ensure that the cut of the film roll is neat; on the other hand, after the film roll is cut, it is conducive to the cutting knife and the pad to clamp the film roll, which prevents the free end of the film roll from loosening at will, and ensures the smooth progress of the subsequent film laying operation.

[0018] Preferably, the walking mechanism includes a rotating wheel, a pair of rotating wheels are connected to the frame through a rotating shaft, and a card plate is arranged on the side wall of the rotating wheel, and the card plates are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the rotating wheel. In this way, the card plate is used to embed into the soil, increasing the contact area between the rotating wheel and the soil, which is conducive to ensuring the mobility of the walking mechanism in soft fields, making the equipment suitable for more usage scenarios.

[0019] Preferably, the film laying assembly is located between the conveying mechanism and the soil covering assembly.

[0020] The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing provided by the utility model has the following substantial characteristics and progress compared with the prior art: the soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing integrates the functions of shoveling, conveying, covering and film cutting on one frame, forms an integrated operation, reduces the complexity of the equipment and the operating steps, and improves the work efficiency; the soil shoveling plate automatically conveys the soil to the position of the soil covering component through the conveying mechanism, reduces the manual intervention and the labor intensity; the soil covering plate of the soil covering component can receive and guide the conveyed soil, ensures that the soil covering process is uniform and accurate, improves the sowing quality and the growth conditions of the crops; the film cutting component controls the action of the cutting knife through the hydraulic cylinder, can quickly and accurately cut the ground film, reduces the waste of film materials, and It also improves the effect and consistency of film cutting. At the same time, the transmission structure of the conveying mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft of the walking mechanism to realize synchronous operation, ensure the coordinated operation of various functional modules during the advancement of the equipment, and improve the overall work efficiency and effect. The entire soil covering and film cutting process has a high degree of automation, which significantly reduces the need for manual auxiliary operation and reduces labor costs. It adapts to the needs of modern agricultural mechanization, improves the level of mechanization, and improves work efficiency. In addition, the equipment is compactly designed and the components on the frame are reasonably arranged, which is convenient for the installation, maintenance and transportation of the equipment, improving the practicability and convenience of the equipment. It can be integrated and transformed into existing film laying equipment according to actual use needs, further reducing the use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a soil covering and film cutting device used for film laying and sowing in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a soil covering and film cutting device used for film laying and sowing from another perspective.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 main view.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view of the .

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1. frame; 2. walking mechanism; 3. film laying assembly; 4. soil shoveling assembly; 5. conveying mechanism; 6. soil covering assembly; 7. film cutting assembly; 8. pad; 9. connecting frame; 21. rotating shaft; 22. rotating wheel; 23. clamping plate; 41. soil shoveling plate; 42. mounting frame; 43. connecting rod; 44. adjusting hydraulic cylinder; 51. support plate; 52. transmission structure; 61. soil covering plate; 62. driving hydraulic cylinder; 71. knife holder; 72. cutting knife; 73. film cutting hydraulic cylinder; 521. driving sprocket; 522. driven sprocket; 523. conveying chain; 524. baffle; 525. tensioning sprocket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation of the utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, a soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing is proposed, which aims to realize the film laying operation by one person during the film laying and sowing operation in the field, thereby improving the efficiency of film laying in the field.

[0029] The soil covering and film cutting equipment for film laying and sowing proposed in the embodiment of the utility model integrates the functions of shoveling, conveying, covering and film cutting on one frame, forming an integrated operation, reducing the complexity of the equipment and the operation steps, and improving the work efficiency. At the same time, the transmission structure of the conveying mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft of the walking mechanism, realizing synchronous operation, ensuring the coordinated operation of various functional modules during the forward movement of the equipment, improving the overall work efficiency and effect, and the entire soil covering and film cutting process has a high degree of automation, which significantly reduces the need for manual auxiliary operation and reduces labor costs.

[0030] like Figure 1 Combination Figure 4 As shown, a soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing comprises a frame 1, a traveling mechanism 2 and a film laying assembly 3. The frame 1 is also provided with a soil shoveling assembly 4, a conveying mechanism 5, a soil covering assembly 6 and a film cutting assembly 7 in sequence along the traveling direction. The film laying assembly 3 is located between the conveying mechanism 5 and the soil covering assembly 6.

[0031] The traveling mechanism 2 is used to drive the entire frame 1 to move on the field. The power of the traveling mechanism 2 can come from the traction force of the traction device. For example, a tractor is selected to drive the traveling mechanism 2 to move between fields.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the walking mechanism 2 includes a rotating wheel 22. A pair of rotating wheels 22 are connected to the frame 1 through a rotating shaft 21. A card plate 23 is provided on the side wall of the rotating wheel 22, and the card plates 23 are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the rotating wheel 22. In this way, the card plates 23 are used to embed in the soil, increase the contact area between the rotating wheel 22 and the soil, and are conducive to ensuring the mobility of the walking mechanism 2 in soft fields, so that the device is suitable for more usage scenarios.

[0033] like Figure 3 Combination Figure 5 As shown, the shovel assembly 4 includes a shovel plate 41 for shoveling soil. One end of the shovel plate 41 is connected to the conveying mechanism 5. The shovel assembly 4 also includes a mounting frame 42, a connecting rod 43 and an adjusting hydraulic cylinder 44. The mounting frame 42 is arranged above the shovel plate 41. The mounting frame 42 is connected to the frame 1. The cylinder body of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 44 is mounted on the mounting frame 42. The piston rod of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 44 is connected to the shovel plate 41 through the connecting rod 43. One end of the shovel plate 41 is hinged to the support plate 51 in the conveying mechanism 5.

[0034] In this way, the shovel board 41 is driven to move by driving the adjustment hydraulic cylinder 44 through the connecting rod 43. Under the drive of the adjustment hydraulic cylinder 44, the shovel board 41 rotates around the hinge shaft connected to the support plate 51, thereby adjusting the angle between the shovel board 41 and the ground, which makes it easy to adjust the depth of the shovel board 41 embedded in the soil during the film laying operation without stopping the operation, which is conducive to changing the amount of soil feeding.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, a pair of adjustment hydraulic cylinders 44 are arranged above the scraper blade 41 through a mounting frame 42 , and driving the pair of adjustment hydraulic cylinders 44 at the same time is beneficial to improving the position adjustment accuracy of the scraper blade 41 .

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the conveying mechanism 5 includes a support plate 51 and a conveying structure 52. The support plate 51 is connected to the shovel plate 41. The conveying structure 52 is installed above the support plate 51. There is a conveying channel for conveying soil between the conveying structure 52 and the support plate 51. The power end of the conveying structure 52 is connected to the rotating shaft 21 of the walking mechanism 2. The power of the walking mechanism 2 is transmitted to the driving sprocket 521 through the rotating shaft 21, providing the conveying structure 52 with power for conveying soil, optimizing the power input structure of the conveying structure 52, and facilitating the conveying structure 52 to obtain a continuous supply of conveying power as the equipment moves.

[0037] For example, the transmission structure 52 can be driven by a chain. Figure 5 As shown, the transmission structure 52 includes a driving sprocket 521, a driven sprocket 522 and a conveying chain 523. The driving sprocket 521 is connected to the rotating shaft 21 of the walking mechanism 2. The driven sprocket 522 is connected to the driving sprocket 521 through the conveying chain 523. A baffle 524 is provided on the side wall of the conveying chain 523. The baffle 524 is used to convey the soil on the support plate 51. Among them, the transmission structure 52 also includes a tensioning sprocket 525, which is located between the driving sprocket 521 and the driven sprocket 522. The tensioning sprocket 525 is used to further ensure the stability of the transmission structure 52.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the soil covering assembly 6 includes a soil covering plate 61 for receiving the soil transported by the conveying mechanism 5. The soil covering plate 61 guides the soil to fall. The soil covering assembly 6 also includes a driving hydraulic cylinder 62 for driving the soil covering plate 61. The driving hydraulic cylinder 62 is arranged parallel to the film breaking hydraulic cylinder 73. The cylinder body of the driving hydraulic cylinder 62 is installed on the frame 1. The piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 62 is connected to the soil covering plate 61. In this way, by controlling the action of the driving hydraulic cylinder 62, the position of the soil covering plate 61 is adjusted, and then the switching of the ground film between the covering state and the non-covering state is realized, which is convenient for covering the soil according to the needs in actual operation.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the film cutting assembly 7 includes a knife frame 71, a cutting knife 72 and a film cutting hydraulic cylinder 73. The cylinder body of the film cutting hydraulic cylinder 73 is installed on the frame 1. The piston rod of the film cutting hydraulic cylinder 73 is connected to the knife frame 71. The cutting knife 72 is installed at the bottom of the knife frame 71.

[0040] In order to further improve the continuity of equipment use, such as Figure 2 Combination Figure 5 As shown, a pad 8 is provided below the film cutting assembly 7. The pad 8 is located directly below the cutting knife 72. The pad 8 is connected to the frame 1 through a connecting frame 9. With such a configuration, when the film cutting operation is implemented, the pad 8 is located between the cutting knife 72 and the soil. On the one hand, it is convenient for the cutting knife 72 to form a better cutting of the film roll, which is conducive to ensuring that the cut of the film roll is neat; on the other hand, after the film roll is cut, it is conducive to the cutting knife 72 and the pad 8 to clamp the film roll, avoiding the free end of the film roll from loosening at will, and ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent film laying operation.

[0041] The adjusting hydraulic cylinder 44, driving hydraulic cylinder 62 and film cutting hydraulic cylinder 73 used in the soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing proposed in the embodiment of the utility model are all controlled by conventional hydraulic circuits. The hydraulic pipelines are laid along the frame according to actual needs. Figure 1-Figure 5 The corresponding hydraulic lines are not shown.

[0042] When the soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing proposed in the embodiment of the utility model is used, the shovel board 41 automatically transfers the soil to the position of the soil covering component 6 through the conveying mechanism 5. The soil covering plate 61 of the soil covering component 6 can receive and guide the conveyed soil to ensure that the soil covering process is uniform and accurate, and the switching of the soil covering and non-soil covering states of the ground film is realized by controlling the driving hydraulic cylinder 62.

[0043] When the soil covering and film cutting equipment starts to carry out the film laying operation, before moving to the edge of the field, the film laying component 3 releases the film roll in advance, thereby ensuring that the target field is completely covered by the ground film. When it moves to the edge of the field, the hydraulic cylinder 62 is controlled to operate, and the soil covering plate 61 is switched to the soil covering state, and the ground film is covered at the edge of the field.

[0044] When the soil covering and film cutting equipment moves to the turning point between fields, the driving hydraulic cylinder 62 drives the soil covering plate 61 to move, directing the soil onto the ground film to achieve soil covering operation. Subsequently, the film cutting assembly 7 controls the action of the cutting knife 72 through the film cutting hydraulic cylinder 73, which can quickly and accurately cut the ground film. At the same time, the cutting knife 72 and the pad 8 cooperate to clamp the free end of the film roll, ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent film laying operation after turning around. The entire soil covering and film cutting process has a high degree of automation, which significantly reduces the need for manual auxiliary operations, reduces labor costs, and meets the needs of modern agricultural mechanization.

[0045] In addition, the soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing proposed in the embodiment of the utility model has a compact design, and the components on the frame 1 are reasonably arranged, which is convenient for the installation, maintenance and transportation of the equipment, and improves the practicality and convenience of the equipment. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing can be convenient for integrated transformation of existing film laying and sowing equipment according to actual use needs. For example, the modified equipment can be directly added when the seeder is produced by the agricultural machinery manufacturer; or the existing film laying and sowing integrated machine can be modified by cutting the existing film laying and sowing integrated machine in the middle, and then welding the frame of the device to the above-mentioned film laying and sowing integrated machine. This further reduces the cost of machine modification and use, and also improves the level of mechanization. At the same time, it can match various types of sowing machines and has excellent adaptability.

[0046] The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementation modes. For those skilled in the art, any technical solutions formed by any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing, comprising a frame (1), a walking mechanism (2) and a film laying component (3), characterized in that: The frame (1) is also provided with a soil shoveling assembly (4), a conveying mechanism (5), a soil covering assembly (6) and a film cutting assembly (7) in sequence along the travel direction; The shoveling assembly (4) comprises a shoveling plate (41) for shoveling soil, and one end of the shoveling plate (41) is connected to a conveying mechanism (5); The conveying mechanism (5) comprises a support plate (51) and a conveying structure (52), wherein the support plate (51) is connected to a shovel plate (41), the conveying structure (52) is installed above the support plate (51), a conveying channel for conveying soil is provided between the conveying structure (52) and the support plate (51), and a power end of the conveying structure (52) is connected to a rotating shaft (21) of a walking mechanism (2); The soil covering assembly (6) comprises a soil covering plate (61) for receiving the soil transported by the conveying mechanism (5), wherein the soil covering plate (61) guides the soil to fall; The film cutting assembly (7) comprises a knife holder (71), a cutting knife (72) and a film cutting hydraulic cylinder (73); the cylinder body of the film cutting hydraulic cylinder (73) is mounted on the frame (1); the piston rod of the film cutting hydraulic cylinder (73) is connected to the knife holder (71); and the cutting knife (72) is mounted at the bottom of the knife holder (71).

2. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shoveling assembly (4) further comprises a mounting frame (42), a connecting rod (43) and an adjusting hydraulic cylinder (44); the mounting frame (42) is arranged above the shoveling plate (41); the mounting frame (42) is connected to the frame (1); the cylinder body of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (44) is mounted on the mounting frame (42); the piston rod of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (44) is connected to the shoveling plate (41) via the connecting rod (43); and one end of the shoveling plate (41) is hinged to the support plate (51).

3. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil covering assembly (6) further comprises a driving hydraulic cylinder (62) for driving the soil covering plate (61); the driving hydraulic cylinder (62) is arranged parallel to the film breaking hydraulic cylinder (73); the cylinder body of the driving hydraulic cylinder (62) is mounted on the frame (1); and the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder (62) is connected to the soil covering plate (61).

4. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transmission structure (52) comprises a driving sprocket (521), a driven sprocket (522) and a conveying chain (523); the driving sprocket (521) is connected to the rotating shaft (21) of the walking mechanism (2); the driven sprocket (522) is connected to the driving sprocket (521) via the conveying chain (523); and a baffle (524) is provided on a side wall of the conveying chain (523).

5. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmission structure (52) further comprises a tensioning sprocket (525), wherein the tensioning sprocket (525) is located between the driving sprocket (521) and the driven sprocket (522).

6. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pad (8) is provided below the film cutting assembly (7), the pad (8) being located directly below the cutting knife (72), and the pad (8) being connected to the frame (1) via a connecting frame (9).

7. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The walking mechanism (2) comprises a rotating wheel (22), a pair of rotating wheels (22) being connected to the frame (1) via a rotating shaft (21), a clamping plate (23) being provided on the side wall of the rotating wheel (22), and the clamping plates (23) being arranged in a circular array along the axis of the rotating wheel (22).

8. The soil covering and film cutting device for film laying and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The film laying component (3) is located between the conveying mechanism (5) and the soil covering component (6).

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