Device for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus polluted compost by biochar

Abstract

The device comprises a composting box, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the composting box, the wall body of the bottom end of the composting box is communicated with a conical material guide opening matched with a material discharge opening, a group of grooves located on the two sides of the conical material guide opening are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the bottom end of the composting box, and the conical material guide opening is communicated with the stirring mechanism. A first activated carbon adsorption layer is uniformly arranged in the groove, a second activated carbon adsorption layer is adhered to the inner wall of the conical material guide opening, a rotary discharging plate close to the conical material guide opening is rotationally arranged in the discharging opening, and a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a nitrogen sensor are arranged on the inner wall of the composting box. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that under the action of the first biochar adsorption layer and the second biochar adsorption layer, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are efficiently adsorbed, and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus is reduced; through multi-parameter monitoring of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a nitrogen sensor and the like, a basis is provided for control and optimization of a composting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to a device for biochar adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus polluted compost. Background Art

[0002] Compost is an organic fertilizer that is rich in nutrients and has a long and stable fertilizer effect. It is also conducive to the formation of soil solid particle structure, which can increase the soil's ability to retain water, heat, air and fertilizer. When used in combination with chemical fertilizers, it can make up for the defects of chemical fertilizers that contain only a single nutrient, and long-term single use of chemical fertilizers can cause soil compaction and reduced water and fertilizer retention. Compost is an organic fertilizer made from various plant residues (crop straw, weeds, leaves, peat, garbage and other wastes, etc.) as the main raw materials, mixed with human and animal feces and urine, and then composted and decomposed, which effectively reduces the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.

[0003] Although the traditional composting method can effectively reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus, it still has certain limitations. Therefore, a composting device that can efficiently adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus is needed to further reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus and improve the composting effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the above technical defects and provide a device for efficiently adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus polluted compost by biochar.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows: a device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution compost, comprising a compost box and a support base, the compost box is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the support base, the top end of the left side of the compost box is connected to a feed inlet, the bottom end of the compost box is connected to a discharge port, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the compost box, the front outer wall of the compost box is hingedly connected to a sealing cover plate, the sealing cover plate is provided with a control panel, the bottom end wall of the compost box is connected to a conical guide port matching the discharge port, and the A group of grooves located on both sides of the conical material guide port are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the composting box, a first activated carbon adsorption layer is evenly arranged in the grooves, filter holes closely attached to the first activated carbon adsorption layer and close to the top of the conical material guide port are evenly connected on the grooves, a second activated carbon adsorption layer is pasted on the inner wall of the conical material guide port, a rotating discharge plate close to the conical material guide port is rotatably arranged in the discharge port, a discharge motor for driving the rotating discharge plate is arranged on the outer wall of the front side of the composting box, and a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a nitrogen sensor are arranged on the inner wall of the composting box.

[0006] As an improvement, the support base is connected to a discharge port that matches the discharge port, and the discharge port is inclined to facilitate sufficient discharge of materials.

[0007] As an improvement, the stirring mechanism includes a load-bearing plate located at the top end of the compost box, a driven gear is rotatably provided on the top surface of the load-bearing plate, a driving motor is fixedly provided on the right outer wall of the compost box, an active gear matched with the driven gear is connected to the output end of the driving motor, a stirring rod fixedly connected with the driven gear is rotatably provided on the bottom surface of the load-bearing plate, a first stirring blade located at the top end of the first activated carbon adsorption layer is evenly provided on the stirring rod, and a second stirring blade located in the conical material guide port is evenly provided on the stirring rod, which can improve the stirring adequacy. During the stirring process, the compost raw materials will be driven by the stirring rod, so that they will fully contact with the biochar adsorption layer, thereby achieving efficient adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants.

[0008] As an improvement, a spray plate is provided on the inner wall at the top of the compost box, a plurality of sprinklers are evenly arranged on the bottom of the spray plate, a water storage tank is provided on the outer wall at the rear side of the compost box, and a water pump connected to the spray plate is provided on the water storage tank to facilitate spraying of the compost raw materials and maintain a suitable humidity during the composting process.

[0009] As an improvement, a blower connected to the interior of the compost box is fixedly provided on the rear outer wall of the compost box, an exhaust pipe connected to the interior of the compost box is provided on the sealing cover plate, and an exhaust valve is provided on the exhaust pipe to facilitate air flow and promote the composting process.

[0010] As an improvement, the first activated carbon adsorption layer is a block material made of charcoal and is directly filled in the groove, and the second activated carbon adsorption layer is pasted and fixed in the conical material guide port to facilitate replacement and ensure the adsorption effect.

[0011] The advantages of the utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0012] Through the action of the first biochar adsorption layer and the second biochar adsorption layer, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants can be efficiently adsorbed, the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus can be reduced, and the composting effect can be improved;

[0013] Through multi-parameter monitoring such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and nitrogen sensors, the environmental parameters of the composting process can be understood in real time, providing a basis for the control and optimization of the composting process;

[0014] The control panel can be used to realize automatic control of the device, thus improving work efficiency and operational convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the first stereoscopic diagram of a device for biochar adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and composting according to the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is the second stereoscopic diagram of a device for biochar adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and composting according to the utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is the third stereoscopic diagram of a device for biochar adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and composting according to the utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a first sectional stereoscopic diagram of a device for biochar adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to the utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a second sectional stereoscopic diagram of a device for biochar adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to the utility model.

[0020] As shown in the figure: 1. Compost bin; 2. Support base; 3. Feed inlet; 4. Discharge outlet; 5. Stirring mechanism; 6. Sealing cover; 7. Control panel; 8. Conical guide port; 9. Groove; 10. First activated carbon adsorption layer; 11. Filter hole; 12. Second activated carbon adsorption layer; 13. Rotating discharge plate; 14. Discharge motor; 15. Temperature sensor; 16. Humidity sensor; 17. Nitrogen sensor; 18. Discharge port; 19. Load-bearing plate; 20. Driven gear; 21. Drive motor; 22. Driving gear; 23. Stirring rod; 24. First stirring blade; 25. Second stirring blade; 26. Spraying plate; 27. Sprayer; 28. Water storage tank; 29. ​​Water pump; 30. Blower; 31. Exhaust pipe; 32. Exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Combined with Figure 1-5 As shown, a device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution compost comprises a compost box 1 and a support base 2, wherein the compost box 1 is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the support base 2, a feed inlet 3 is connected to the top of the left side of the compost box 1, a discharge port 4 is connected to the bottom of the compost box 1, a sealing cover plate 6 is hingedly connected to the front outer wall of the compost box 1, a control panel 7 is arranged on the sealing cover plate 6, a conical guide port 8 matching the discharge port 4 is connected to the bottom wall of the compost box 1, and a conical guide port 8 matching the discharge port 4 is arranged on the bottom inner wall of the compost box 1. A group of grooves 9 are symmetrically arranged on the wall and located on both sides of the conical material guide port 8. A first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 is evenly arranged in the grooves 9. The grooves 9 are evenly connected with filter holes 11 that are close to the first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 and close to the top of the conical material guide port 8. A second activated carbon adsorption layer 12 is pasted on the inner wall of the conical material guide port 8. The first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 is a block material made of charcoal and is directly filled in the grooves 9. The second activated carbon adsorption layer 12 is pasted and fixed in the conical material guide port 8.

[0023] Through the above structure, the sealing cover plate 6 is opened, the first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 is evenly laid in the groove 9, and the second activated carbon adsorption layer 12 is pasted in the conical guide port 8, and then the sealing cover plate 6 is closed, and the compost raw materials are introduced into the compost box 1 through the feed port 3. The compost raw materials are accumulated in the compost box 1 and come into contact with the first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 and the second activated carbon adsorption layer 12 to adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants;

[0024] The compost box 1 is provided with a stirring mechanism 5, which includes a bearing plate 19 located at the top of the compost box 1, a driven gear 20 is rotatably provided on the top surface of the bearing plate 19, a driving motor 21 is fixedly provided on the right outer wall of the compost box 1, an output end of the driving motor 21 is connected with a driving gear 22 matched with the driven gear 20, a stirring rod 23 is rotatably provided on the bottom surface of the bearing plate 19 and fixedly connected with the driven gear 20, a first stirring blade 24 located at the top of the first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 is evenly provided on the stirring rod 23, and a second stirring blade 25 located in the conical material guide port 8 is evenly provided on the stirring rod 23;

[0025] Through the above structure, during the production process of the compost raw materials, the driving motor 21 is turned on, and the driving motor 21 drives the driving gear 22 to rotate, so that the driven gear 20 rotates under the meshing of the driving gear 22, so that the compost raw materials are driven by the stirring rod 23, so that they are fully in contact with the biochar adsorption layer, thereby achieving efficient adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants;

[0026] The inner wall of the compost box 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 15, a humidity sensor 16 and a nitrogen sensor 17, the inner wall at the top of the compost box 1 is provided with a spray plate 26, and a plurality of sprayers 27 are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the spray plate 26, the outer wall at the rear side of the compost box 1 is provided with a water storage tank 28, and a water pump 29 connected with the spray plate 26 is arranged on the water storage tank 28, a discharge port 18 matching the discharge port 4 is connected to the support base 2, and the discharge port 18 is inclined, and a rotating discharge plate 13 close to the conical guide port 8 is rotatably arranged in the discharge port 4, a discharge motor 14 for driving the rotating discharge plate 13 is arranged on the outer wall at the front side of the compost box 1, and a blower 30 connected with the inside of the compost box 1 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall at the rear side of the compost box 1, and an exhaust pipe 31 connected with the inside of the compost box 1 is arranged on the sealing cover plate 6, and an exhaust valve 32 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 31;

[0027] Through the above structure, during the composting process, the temperature sensor 15, the humidity sensor 16 and the nitrogen sensor 17 cooperate to monitor the inside of the composting box 1 and transmit the information to the terminal. The operator turns on the sprinkler 27 or the blower 30 through the signal to adjust the humidity and temperature in the composting box 1. When the humidity is adjusted, the water pump 29 is turned on to transfer the water in the water storage tank 28 to the sprinkler plate 26, and the sprinkler 27 sprays the water evenly; when the temperature is adjusted, the blower 30 transfers the external purified air to the composting box 1, and the exhaust valve 32 is opened to discharge the air that has absorbed the heat in the composting box 1, so as to achieve temperature adjustment and provide air flow to promote the composting process.

[0028] When the utility model is implemented, the sealing cover plate 6 is first opened, the first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 is evenly laid in the groove 9, and the second activated carbon adsorption layer 12 is pasted in the conical material guide port 8, and then the sealing cover plate 6 is closed;

[0029] The compost raw materials are introduced into the compost bin 1 through the feed port 3. The compost raw materials are accumulated in the compost bin 1 and come into contact with the first activated carbon adsorption layer 10 and the second activated carbon adsorption layer 12 to adsorb the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. The drive motor 21 is turned on, and the drive motor 21 drives the driving gear 22 to rotate, so that the driven gear 20 rotates under the meshing of the driving gear 22, so that the compost raw materials are driven by the stirring rod 23, so that they are fully in contact with the biochar adsorption layer, thereby achieving efficient adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants;

[0030] During the composting process, the temperature sensor 15, the humidity sensor 16 and the nitrogen sensor 17 cooperate to monitor the inside of the composting box 1 and transmit the information to the terminal. The operator turns on the sprinkler 27 or the blower 30 through the signal to adjust the humidity and temperature in the composting box 1. When the humidity is adjusted, the water pump 29 is turned on to transfer the water in the water storage tank 28 to the sprinkler plate 26, and the sprinkler 27 sprays the water evenly; when the temperature is adjusted, the blower 30 transfers the external purified air to the composting box 1, and the exhaust valve 32 is opened to discharge the air that has absorbed the heat in the composting box 1, so as to achieve temperature adjustment and provide air flow to promote the composting process; after the composting is completed, the discharge motor 14 is turned on to rotate the rotary discharge plate to a vertical state, so that the discharge port 4 is in an open state, and the compost is taken out through the conical guide port 8 and the discharge port 4, and all taken out through the inclined discharge port 18.

[0031] The above description of the utility model and its implementation methods is not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention of the utility model, they should all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A biochar adsorption device for nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting, comprising a composting box (1) and a support base (2), wherein the composting box (1) is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the support base (2), a feed inlet (3) is connected to the top of the left side of the composting box (1), and a discharge outlet (4) is connected to the bottom of the composting box (1), and a stirring mechanism (5) is arranged inside the composting box (1), characterized in that: The front outer wall of the compost box (1) is hingedly connected to a sealing cover plate (6), and the sealing cover plate (6) is provided with a control panel (7). The bottom wall of the compost box (1) is connected to a conical material guide port (8) that matches the discharge port (4). The bottom inner wall of the compost box (1) is symmetrically provided with a group of grooves (9) located on both sides of the conical material guide port (8). The first activated carbon adsorption layer (10) is evenly arranged in the grooves (9), and the grooves (9) are evenly connected to the first activated carbon adsorption layer (10). A filter hole (11) is provided near the top of the conical material guide port (8) and near the conical material guide port (8); a second activated carbon adsorption layer (12) is pasted on the inner wall of the conical material guide port (8); a rotating discharge plate (13) is rotatably provided in the discharge port (4) and near the conical material guide port (8); a discharge motor (14) is provided on the front outer wall of the composting box (1) for driving the rotating discharge plate (13); and a temperature sensor (15), a humidity sensor (16) and a nitrogen sensor (17) are provided on the inner wall of the composting box (1).

2. The device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (2) is provided with a discharge port (18) which is connected to the discharge port (4), and the discharge port (18) is arranged at an angle.

3. The device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (5) comprises a bearing plate (19) located at the top end of the compost box (1), a driven gear (20) being rotatably provided on the top surface of the bearing plate (19), a driving motor (21) being fixedly provided on the right outer wall of the compost box (1), an output end of the driving motor (21) being connected with a driving gear (22) matching and meshing with the driven gear (20), a stirring rod (23) being rotatably provided on the bottom surface of the bearing plate (19) and being fixedly connected with the driven gear (20), a first stirring blade (24) being evenly provided on the stirring rod (23) and being located at the top end of the first activated carbon adsorption layer (10), and a second stirring blade (25) being evenly provided on the stirring rod (23) and being located in the conical material guide port (8).

4. The device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inner wall of the compost box (1) is provided with a spray plate (26), the bottom surface of the spray plate (26) is evenly provided with a plurality of sprayers (27), the rear outer wall of the compost box (1) is provided with a water storage tank (28), and the water storage tank (28) is provided with a water pump (29) which is in communication with the spray plate (26).

5. The device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blower (30) communicating with the interior of the compost box (1) is fixedly provided on the rear outer wall of the compost box (1), an exhaust pipe (31) communicating with the interior of the compost box (1) is provided on the sealing cover plate (6), and an exhaust valve (32) is provided on the exhaust pipe (31).

6. The device for biochar adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first activated carbon adsorption layer (10) is a block-shaped material made of charcoal and is directly filled in the groove (9), and the second activated carbon adsorption layer (12) is glued and fixed in the conical material guide port (8).

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