Intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas well

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intelligent pressure relief device for an oil and gas well. The intelligent pressure relief device comprises a pressure relief valve. The pressure release valve comprises a valve seat and a valve element, n communicating holes are formed in the valve seat, and the n communicating holes are formed in the axial direction. And n pressure relief holes are formed in the valve core. Wherein the valve element can rotate relative to the valve seat, so that the mth pressure relief hole communicates with the mth communicating hole, m is smaller than or equal to n, and m and n are both integers larger than zero. Multi-stage pressure relief is achieved through cooperation of the multi-stage pressure relief holes and the communicating holes. The pressure relief device further collects pressure values and temperature values of the casing pressure and the return pressure in real time through a first sensor and a second sensor, and controls the valve element to rotate through a control instrument based on a PID algorithm, so that the pressure relief valve conducts stable and rapid pressure relief. And the controller also acquires a temperature value in real time based on the second sensor and judges whether a liquid outlet phenomenon exists or not. When the monitored temperature reaches a liquid outlet judgment temperature limit set value, the control instrument actively closes the pressure release valve, and it is guaranteed that only air leakage is achieved, and liquid leakage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of oil and gas well pressure relief, in particular to an intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells. Background Art

[0002] Some oil fields in northwest my country rely on formation pressure for oil and gas production in the early stage of development. As the formation pressure is consumed, water drive is used to ensure the stable output of oil and gas. In the later stage of oil field development, nitrogen drive is used for production. However, in actual development, nitrogen drive leads to strong gravity differentiation in the formation, and the heterogeneity of the reservoir space will cause obvious gas channeling advantage channels. The intuitive representation of gas channeling is the increase of casing pressure. Excessive casing pressure brings four problems to production management.

[0003] 1. Higher casing pressure will increase well control risks.

[0004] 2. After the casing pressure increases, the viscosity reduction process cannot be used for stable dilution.

[0005] 3. Since the existing rod pump lifting process is mainly based on hydraulic feedback thick oil pumping, the increase of casing pressure will lead to a decrease in hydraulic feedback force, which is not conducive to the downward movement of the plunger and reduces the resistance to heavy oil.

[0006] 4. After gas breakthrough, the pumping efficiency of the rod pump will be reduced due to the influence of gas.

[0007] There are currently two main ways to prevent casing pressure. The first method is to install a nozzle or gate to manually control the pressure relief. However, this method is difficult to relieve pressure at an appropriate rate to achieve a better pressure relief effect. The second method is to use a constant-pressure relief valve with a mechanical spring structure. However, the service life of the constant-pressure relief valve is short, and the constant-pressure adjustment accuracy of the spring structure used in the pressure relief valve is poor, which makes it inconvenient for users to observe and operate. Both of the above two pressure relief methods cannot effectively monitor the changes in the properties of the liquid during the pressure relief, and are likely to increase the risk of heavy oil returning to the oil and gas well during the pressure relief process. Utility Model Content

[0008] Based on the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells, which has high pressure relief accuracy and can adapt to high pressure, high pressure difference and strong interference field environment.

[0009] The utility model adopts a technical solution to solve the technical problem: to provide an intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells, comprising:

[0010] A pressure relief valve comprises a valve seat and a valve core installed in the valve seat, wherein the valve seat is provided with n communicating holes penetrating in the radial direction of the valve seat, the n communicating holes are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the valve seat, and the valve core is provided with n pressure relief holes penetrating in the radial direction of the valve core,

[0011] The valve core is configured to be rotatable relative to the valve seat, so that the mth pressure relief hole is connected to the mth connecting hole, m≤n, and both m and n are integers greater than zero.

[0012] Furthermore, the valve seat connects a first pipeline and a second pipeline, and the first pipeline is configured to be able to communicate with the second pipeline through the connecting hole and the pressure relief hole fluid, so that the fluid in the first pipeline can flow into the second pipeline to reduce the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure relief valve includes a control instrument connected to the valve core, and the control instrument is configured to enable the valve core to rotate so that the first pipeline and the second pipeline can be fluidically connected to the mth communicating hole through the mth pressure relief hole.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a first sensor and a second sensor electrically connected to the controller, the first sensor is arranged on the first pipeline and is used to monitor the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline, and the second sensor is arranged on the second pipeline and is used to monitor the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the second pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the control instrument is configured to rotate the valve core according to the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline and the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the second pipeline to open or close the pressure relief valve.

[0016] Furthermore, the valve seat is provided with a first connecting ring for connecting the first pipeline and a second connecting ring for connecting the second pipeline, and the connecting hole penetrates the valve seat along the axial direction of the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring to connect the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, the connecting hole includes a primary connecting hole, a secondary connecting hole, and a tertiary connecting hole arranged along the axial direction of the valve seat, and the pressure relief hole includes a primary pressure relief hole capable of connecting to the primary connecting hole, a secondary pressure relief hole capable of connecting to the secondary connecting hole, and a tertiary pressure relief hole capable of connecting to the tertiary connecting hole, so that the pressure relief valve can perform three-level pressure relief.

[0018] Furthermore, the angles between the first-level pressure relief hole and the second-level pressure relief hole, and between the second-level pressure relief hole and the third-level pressure relief hole on the horizontal projection plane are both α, and the angle of the valve core passing through the angle α can enable the first-level pressure relief hole, the second-level pressure relief hole or the third-level pressure relief hole to be connected with the corresponding connecting hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the connecting hole is larger than the inner diameter of the pressure relief hole, and the inner diameters of the pressure relief holes of each stage increase sequentially.

[0020] Furthermore, a sealing member is provided between the valve core and the valve seat, and a hole communicating with the communicating hole is provided on the sealing member to ensure that the communicating hole is communicated with the pressure relief hole.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the utility model is as follows: the utility model provides an intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells, including a pressure relief valve. The pressure relief valve includes a valve seat and a valve core installed in the valve seat, the valve seat is provided with n communicating holes extending in a radial direction, the n communicating holes are arranged in an axial direction, and the valve core is provided with n pressure relief holes extending in a radial direction. The valve core is configured to be rotatable relative to the valve seat so that the mth pressure relief hole is connected to the mth communicating hole, m≤n, and m and n are both integers greater than zero. Multi-stage pressure relief is achieved by the cooperation of multi-stage pressure relief holes and communicating holes.

[0022] The pressure relief device also collects the pressure and temperature values ​​of the casing pressure and back pressure in real time through the first sensor and the second sensor, and controls the valve core rotation through the controller based on the PID algorithm to make the pressure relief valve release pressure smoothly and quickly. The controller also collects the temperature value in real time based on the second sensor to determine whether there is liquid discharge. When the monitored temperature reaches the liquid discharge judgment temperature limit setting value, the controller actively closes the pressure relief valve to ensure that only air is released but no liquid is released. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure shows the structure diagram of the pressure relief valve in the first-stage pressure relief state.

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the pressure relief valve in the secondary pressure relief state.

[0027] Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the pressure relief valve in the three-stage pressure relief state.

[0028] Figure 5The figure shows the structure diagram of the valve core on the horizontal projection plane.

[0029] Among them, the figure marks in the figure are: 100, pressure relief device; 10, pressure relief valve; 11, valve seat; 111, first connecting ring; 112, second connecting ring; 113, connecting hole; 113a, primary connecting hole; 113b, secondary connecting hole; 113c, tertiary connecting hole; 12, valve core; 121, pressure relief hole; 121a, primary pressure relief hole; 121b, secondary pressure relief hole; 121c, tertiary pressure relief hole; 13, sealing member; 131, hole; 14, controller; 20, first sensor; 30, second sensor; 40, first pipeline; 41, first mounting hole; 50, second pipeline; 51, second mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the utility model clearer, the utility model is now described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, which only illustrates the basic structure of the utility model in a schematic manner, so it only shows the composition related to the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides an intelligent pressure relief device 100 for oil and gas wells, including a pressure relief valve 10, a first sensor 20 installed on a first pipeline 40 in the upstream direction of the pressure relief valve 10, and a second sensor 30 installed on a second pipeline 50 in the downstream direction of the pressure relief valve 10. In a specific embodiment, the first pipeline 40 is connected to the casing of the oil and gas well, so that the fluid in the casing can enter the first pipeline 40. The pressure relief valve 10 can release the fluid entering the first pipeline 40 into the second pipeline 50 to reduce the pressure of the fluid in the casing, thereby solving the problem in oil and gas production management.

[0032] Combination Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, a first mounting hole 41 is provided on the first pipe 40 for sealingly mounting the first sensor 20. A second mounting hole 51 is provided on the second pipe 50 for sealingly mounting the second sensor 30. Among them, the first sensor 20 can monitor the pressure of the fluid in the first pipe 40 and the sleeve in real time, and the second sensor 30 can monitor the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the second pipe 50 in real time. The second sensor 30 monitors the pressure and temperature of the fluid discharged into the second pipe 50 to determine whether there is a liquid discharge phenomenon. In some embodiments, when the second sensor 30 detects that the pressure and temperature of the fluid discharged into the second pipe 50 exceed a critical value, there is a liquid discharge phenomenon. At this time, the pressure relief valve 10 should be actively closed to ensure that only air is discharged but not liquid.

[0033] Combine again Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the pressure relief valve 10 includes a valve seat 11 connected between a first pipeline 40 and a second pipeline 50, a valve core 12 installed in the valve seat 11, and a control instrument 14 connected to the valve core 12 and used to drive the valve core 12 to rotate. The valve seat 11 is generally a cylindrical structure with one end open. A first connecting ring 111 and a second connecting ring 112 opposite to the first connecting ring 111 are provided on the outside of the valve seat 11. The first connecting ring 111 is sleeved on the end of the first pipeline 40, and the second connecting ring 112 is sleeved on the end of the second pipeline 50. It can be understood that the first connecting ring 111 and the first pipeline 40 and the second connecting ring 112 and the second pipeline 50 are both sealed connections to prevent leakage of the fluid in the first pipeline 40 and the second pipeline 50. A plurality of connecting holes 113 are also provided on the valve seat 11, and the plurality of connecting holes 113 pass through the valve seat 11 parallel to the axial direction of the first pipeline 40 and the second pipeline 50, thereby connecting the first pipeline 40 and the second pipeline 50. Combined with Figure 2-4 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the communication hole 113 includes a primary communication hole 113a, a secondary communication hole 113b, and a tertiary communication hole 113c. The primary communication hole 113a, the secondary communication hole 113b, and the tertiary communication hole 113c penetrate the valve seat 11 along the same radial direction and are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve seat 11. The inner diameters of the communication holes 113 at each level are the same for ease of manufacturing.

[0034] refer to Figure 2-5As shown, the valve core 12 is generally in a columnar structure. The valve core 12 is provided with a multi-stage pressure relief hole 121 that can be connected to a plurality of connecting holes 113. Rotating the valve core 12 can make the pressure relief hole 121 connected to the connecting hole 113, thereby connecting the first pipeline 40 and the second pipeline 50. The fluid in the first pipeline 40 can flow into the second pipeline 50 through the connecting hole 113 and the pressure relief hole 121, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline 40. The inner diameter of the multi-stage pressure relief hole 121 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting hole 113, so as to facilitate step-by-step pressure relief.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the pressure relief hole 121 includes a primary pressure relief hole 121a, a secondary pressure relief hole 121b, and a tertiary pressure relief hole 121c. The diameter of the primary pressure relief hole 121a is 2.0 mm, and the primary pressure relief hole 121a is at the same height as the primary connecting hole 113a, so that the primary pressure relief hole 121a can be connected to the primary connecting hole 113a. The diameter of the secondary pressure relief hole 121b is 2.5 mm, and the secondary pressure relief hole 121b is at the same height as the secondary connecting hole 113b, so that the secondary pressure relief hole 121b can be connected to the secondary connecting hole 113b. The diameter of the tertiary pressure relief hole 121c is 3.0 mm, and the tertiary pressure relief hole 121c is at the same height as the tertiary connecting hole 113c, so that the tertiary pressure relief hole 121c can be connected to the tertiary connecting hole 113c.

[0036] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the primary pressure relief hole 121a, the secondary pressure relief hole 121b and the tertiary pressure relief hole 121c are opened along different radial directions of the valve core 12. The angle between the primary pressure relief hole 121a, the secondary pressure relief hole 121b and the tertiary pressure relief hole 121c on the horizontal projection plane is α. In a specific embodiment, the angle between the primary pressure relief hole 121a, the secondary pressure relief hole 121b and the tertiary pressure relief hole 121c on the horizontal projection plane is 30°, so that the valve core 12 can switch to the next level of pressure relief state or close the pressure relief valve 10 after rotating 30°. Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the primary pressure relief hole 121a is connected to the primary connecting hole 113a, that is, the pressure relief valve 10 is in the primary pressure relief state. If the valve core 12 rotates counterclockwise, the primary pressure relief hole 121a and the primary connecting hole 113a are staggered, so that the pressure relief valve 10 switches to the closed state. If the valve core 12 rotates clockwise by 30°, the primary pressure relief hole 121a and the primary connecting hole 113a are also staggered. However, at this time, the secondary pressure relief hole 121b is connected to the secondary connecting hole 113b, so that the pressure relief valve 10 switches to the secondary pressure relief state, that is, Figure 3 As shown. Thus, the pressure relief valve 10 in this embodiment realizes three-level pressure relief and closing within the angular travel range of 90°, and improves the switching speed of the pressure relief valve 10 between different levels of pressure relief states.

[0037] Combine again Figure 2-4 As shown, in some embodiments, a seal 13 is also slidably installed between the valve core 12 and the valve seat 11 to ensure that the pressure relief valve 10 can be completely closed and can accurately release pressure in each level of pressure relief state. The seal 13 is provided with holes 131 that are respectively connected to the communication holes 113 at each level to ensure that the pressure relief holes 121 at each level on the valve core 12 are connected to the communication holes 113 at each level on the valve seat 11.

[0038] refer to Figure 1-4 As shown, in some embodiments, the controller 14 is electrically connected to the first sensor 20 and the second sensor 30, and the controller 14 has a built-in program based on the PID algorithm. According to the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline 40 monitored by the first sensor 20, and the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the second pipeline 50 monitored by the second sensor 30, the controller 14 calculates the optimal angle of rotation of the valve core 12 through the program, and then drives the valve core 12 to rotate through the actuator of the controller 14, so that the pressure relief valve 10 is quickly switched on or off. Among them, the PID algorithm is a prior art well known to those skilled in the art, and this application will not elaborate on it in detail.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, according to the back pressure state in the second pipeline 50, the use of the primary pressure relief hole 121a is manually adjusted. The pressure threshold of the first sensor 20 is set to 5MPa, the pressure threshold of the second sensor 30 is set to 1.5MPa, and the temperature threshold is set to 0°C. When the first sensor 20 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline 40 is less than 5MPa, the controller 14 drives the valve core 12 to rotate and stagger the primary pressure relief hole 121a and the primary connecting hole 113a, and the pressure relief valve 10 stops pressure relief. When the first sensor 20 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline 40 is greater than 5MPa, the controller 14 drives the valve core 12 to rotate and connect the primary pressure relief hole 121a and the primary connecting hole 113a, and the pressure relief valve 10 performs primary pressure relief. When the second sensor 30 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the second pipeline 50 is greater than 1.5MPa or the temperature of the fluid is less than 0°C, the controller 14 drives the valve core 12 to rotate and stagger the primary pressure relief hole 121a and the primary connecting hole 113a, and the pressure relief valve 10 stops pressure relief. When the second sensor 30 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the second pipeline 50 is less than 1.5 MPa or the temperature of the fluid is greater than 0°C, the controller 14 drives the valve core 12 to rotate and connect the primary pressure relief hole 121a and the primary connecting hole 113a, and the pressure relief valve 10 performs primary pressure relief.

[0040] Combination Figure 1-5As shown, the use process of an intelligent pressure relief device 100 for oil and gas wells provided by the utility model is as follows. The technician adjusts the pressure relief valve 10 to use a certain level of pressure relief hole 121 according to the production status of the oil and gas well where the pressure relief device 100 is installed. When the first sensor 20 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline 40 is greater than the preset pressure threshold, it means that the fluid in the casing of the oil and gas well is in an overpressure state. At this time, the controller 14 controls the valve core 12 to rotate, so that the pressure relief valve 10 is opened and the pressure is released. When the second sensor 30 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the second pipeline 50 is greater than the preset pressure threshold or the temperature of the fluid is less than the preset temperature threshold, it means that the back pressure in the second pipeline 50 is too large or there is a liquid discharge phenomenon. At this time, the controller 14 controls the valve core 12 to rotate, so that the pressure relief valve 10 is closed and the pressure relief stops. When the second sensor 30 detects that the pressure of the fluid in the second pipeline 50 is less than the preset pressure threshold or the temperature of the fluid is greater than the preset temperature threshold, it means that the back pressure of the second pipeline 50 is normal or there is no liquid discharge phenomenon. At this time, the control device 14 controls the valve core 12 to rotate, so that the pressure relief valve 10 opens and starts to relieve pressure.

[0041] The beneficial effect of an intelligent pressure relief device 100 for oil and gas wells provided by the utility model is that it includes a pressure relief valve 10. The pressure relief valve 10 includes a valve seat 11, and a valve core 12 installed in the valve seat 11, the valve seat 11 is provided with n communicating holes 113 penetrating in the radial direction, and the n communicating holes 113 are arranged in the axial direction, and the valve core 12 is provided with n pressure relief holes 121 penetrating in the radial direction. Among them, the valve core 12 is configured to be able to rotate relative to the valve seat 11, so that the mth pressure relief hole 121 is connected with the mth communicating hole 113, m≤n, and m and n are both integers greater than zero. Multi-stage pressure relief is achieved by the cooperation of the multi-stage pressure relief holes 121 and the communicating holes 113.

[0042] The pressure relief device 100 also collects the pressure and temperature values ​​of the casing pressure and back pressure in real time through the first sensor 20 and the second sensor 30, and controls the valve core 12 to rotate through the controller 14 based on the PID algorithm, so that the pressure relief valve 10 can release pressure smoothly and quickly. The controller 14 also collects the temperature value in real time based on the second sensor 30 to determine whether there is a liquid discharge phenomenon. When the monitored temperature reaches the liquid discharge judgment temperature limit setting value, the controller 14 actively closes the pressure relief valve 10 to ensure that only air is discharged but no liquid is discharged.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front and back", "left and right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the utility model. Through the above description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells, comprising: A pressure relief valve (10) comprises a valve seat (11) and a valve core (12) installed in the valve seat (11), wherein the valve seat (11) is provided with n communicating holes (113) penetrating in the radial direction of the valve seat (11), the n communicating holes (113) being arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the valve seat (11), and the valve core (12) is provided with n pressure relief holes (121) penetrating in the radial direction of the valve core (12), in, The valve core (12) is configured to be rotatable relative to the valve seat (11), so that the mth pressure relief hole (121) is connected to the mth communication hole (113), m≤n, and m and n are both integers greater than zero.

2. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat (11) connects a first pipeline (40) and a second pipeline (50), and the first pipeline (40) is configured to be fluidically connected to the second pipeline (50) through the connecting hole (113) and the pressure relief hole (121), so that the fluid in the first pipeline (40) can flow into the second pipeline (50) to reduce the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline (40).

3. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve (10) further comprises a control device (14) connected to the valve core (12), wherein the control device (14) is configured to enable the valve core (12) to rotate so that the first pipeline (40) and the second pipeline (50) can be fluidically connected to the mth communication hole (113) through the mth pressure relief hole (121).

4. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a first sensor (20) and a second sensor (30) electrically connected to the controller (14); the first sensor (20) is arranged on the first pipeline (40) and is used to monitor the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline (40); the second sensor (30) is arranged on the second pipeline (50) and is used to monitor the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the second pipeline (50).

5. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control instrument (14) is configured to rotate the valve core (12) according to the pressure of the fluid in the first pipeline (40) and the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the second pipeline (50) to open or close the pressure relief valve (10).

6. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve seat (11) is provided with a first connecting ring (111) for connecting the first pipeline (40), and a second connecting ring (112) for connecting the second pipeline (50), and the connecting hole (113) penetrates the valve seat (11) along the axial direction of the first connecting ring (111) and the second connecting ring (112) to connect the first pipeline (40) and the second pipeline (50).

7. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The connecting hole (113) includes a primary connecting hole (113a), a secondary connecting hole (113b), and a tertiary connecting hole (113c) arranged along the axial direction of the valve seat (11); the pressure relief hole (121) includes a primary pressure relief hole (121a) capable of connecting with the primary connecting hole (113a), a secondary pressure relief hole (121b) capable of connecting with the secondary connecting hole (113b), and a tertiary pressure relief hole (121c) capable of connecting with the tertiary connecting hole (113c), so that the pressure relief valve (10) can perform three-level pressure relief.

8. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angles of the first-stage pressure relief hole (121a) and the second-stage pressure relief hole (121b), as well as the included angles of the second-stage pressure relief hole (121b) and the third-stage pressure relief hole (121c) on the horizontal projection plane are both α, and the valve core (12) can rotate through the included angle α to enable the first-stage pressure relief hole (121a), the second-stage pressure relief hole (121b) or the third-stage pressure relief hole (121c) to communicate with the corresponding connecting hole (113).

9. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the connecting hole (113) is greater than the inner diameter of the pressure relief hole (121), and the inner diameters of the pressure relief holes (121) of each stage increase in sequence.

10. The intelligent pressure relief device for oil and gas wells according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing member (13) is also provided between the valve core (12) and the valve seat (11), and a hole (131) communicating with the communicating hole (113) is provided on the sealing member (13) to ensure that the communicating hole (113) is in communication with the pressure relief hole (121).

Images