Pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas mixed combustion device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas mixed combustion device which comprises a hearth, a grate and a combustor. The hearth comprises a second hearth and a first hearth mounted at the top of the second hearth; a cavity is formed in the furnace wall of the first hearth, a pyrolysis gas inlet is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the first hearth, a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the inner wall of the lower side of the first hearth, and a grate installed on the inner side of the first hearth is arranged between the pyrolysis gas inlet and the pyrolysis gas outlet; the second hearth is communicated with the pyrolysis gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet is formed in one side wall of the second hearth, and a smoke outlet is formed in the other side wall of the second hearth; the combustor is installed on the outer side of the second hearth and used for igniting pyrolysis gas conveyed into the second hearth through the pyrolysis gas outlet. And when the pyrolysis gas is combusted, combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the second hearth through a combustion-supporting gas inlet formed in one side wall of the second hearth, so that the pyrolysis gas and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and fully combusted, and generation of harmful gas is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas. Background Art

[0002] Gasification combustion is a process in which solid waste is heated under oxygen-deficient or low-oxygen conditions to decompose it into combustion-supporting gas and solid residue. The combustion-supporting gas can be used as fuel for power generation, heating or other industrial purposes. The solid residue can be used as building materials or other industrial raw materials.

[0003] Traditional solid waste gasification combustion systems usually adopt a single combustion chamber design, that is, solid waste is directly placed in the combustion chamber for combustion. This design has some disadvantages, such as: incomplete combustion, resulting in harmful gas emissions; large fluctuations in the calorific value of pyrolysis gas, resulting in unstable combustion; and the need for external energy to maintain combustion. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas to solve the problem of insufficient combustion of pyrolysis gas and resulting in harmful gas emissions in the solid waste gasification combustion technology in the prior art.

[0005] A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas, comprising a furnace, a grate and a burner;

[0006] The furnace includes a second furnace and a first furnace installed on the top of the second furnace; a cavity is arranged in the furnace wall of the first furnace, a pyrolysis gas inlet is arranged at the upper inner wall of the first furnace, a pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged at the lower inner wall of the first furnace, and a grate installed on the inner side of the first furnace is arranged between the pyrolysis gas inlet and the pyrolysis gas outlet; the second furnace is connected to the pyrolysis gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet is arranged on one side wall of the second furnace, and a smoke outlet is arranged on the other side wall; a burner is installed on the outer side of the second furnace, and is used to ignite the pyrolysis gas transported to the second furnace through the pyrolysis gas outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, a feed port is provided at the top of the first furnace, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the second furnace.

[0008] Furthermore, the grate comprises a fixed grate, a movable grate and a driving mechanism; the fixed grate is fixedly installed in the first furnace, the movable grate is coaxially arranged in the fixed grate, and the movable grate is rotatably connected to the fixed grate; the driving mechanism is used to drive the movable grate to rotate;

[0009] The fixed grate is provided with a first channel, and the movable grate is provided with a second channel; the rotation of the movable grate can control whether the first channel is connected to the second channel.

[0010] Furthermore, a rotating rod is arranged in the middle of the movable grate, the top end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the fixed grate, and the bottom end of the rotating rod is connected to the driving mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a connecting rod; the output shaft at the bottom of the motor is fixedly connected to the horizontally arranged first connecting rod; one end of the second connecting rod is connected to the end of the first connecting rod, and the other end passes through the furnace wall of the first furnace and is connected to the horizontally arranged connecting rod, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable grate includes a first movable plate, a second movable plate and movable bars; the second movable plate is arranged on the lower side of the first movable plate, the top end of the movable bar is connected to the side of the first movable plate, the bottom end of the movable bar is connected to the side of the second movable plate, the second channel is arranged between adjacent movable bars, and the first movable plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotating rod is sleeved at the middle portion of the first movable plate, and the first movable plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod via a locking nut.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed grate includes a first fixed plate, a second fixed plate and fixed bars; the second fixed plate is arranged on the lower side of the first fixed plate, the top end of the fixed bar is connected to the side of the first fixed plate, the bottom end of the fixed bar is connected to the side of the second fixed plate, the first channel is arranged between adjacent fixed bars, and the first fixed plate is rotatably connected to the rotating rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixed bars are rotatably connected to the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate respectively, the movable bars are rotatably connected to the first movable plate and the second movable plate respectively, and the movable bars can be inserted into the first channel and fit with the fixed bars.

[0016] Furthermore, the pyrolysis gas enters the second furnace in the form of a forward tangent, and the combustion-supporting gas enters the second furnace in the form of a reverse tangent.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The utility model is provided with a first furnace and a second furnace, and the two processes of decomposing solid waste to produce pyrolysis gas and burning the pyrolysis gas are carried out in different furnaces. When the pyrolysis gas is burned, the supporting combustion gas is introduced into the second furnace through the supporting combustion gas inlet arranged on the side wall of the second furnace, so that the pyrolysis gas and the supporting combustion gas are fully mixed and fully burned, thereby avoiding the generation of harmful gases, reducing the emission of harmful gases, and protecting the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specification will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The overall structure of the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 The overall structure of the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a side surface of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section at the mark AA;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the grate structure in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a front view of a grate according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 A top view of a grate according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 A bottom view of a grate according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Cross-section at mark BB.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. first furnace; 101. pyrolysis gas inlet; 102. pyrolysis gas outlet; 103. feed port; 2. second furnace; 201. combustion-supporting gas inlet; 202. discharge port; 203. flue gas outlet; 3. burner; 4. fixed grate; 401. first fixed plate; 402. second fixed plate; 403. fixed bars; 5. movable grate; 501. first movable plate; 502. second movable plate; 503. movable bars; 6. rotating rod; 7. driving mechanism; 701. first connecting rod; 702. second connecting rod; 703. motor; 704. connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. For ease of explanation, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom", etc. used in this specification indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features involved in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 9 A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas shown in the figure comprises a furnace, a burner 3, a grate and a driving mechanism 7 for driving the grate to work; the furnace comprises a second furnace 2 and a first furnace 1 installed on the top of the second furnace 2 and connected to the second furnace 2; a feed port 103 is provided on the top of the first furnace 1, a grate is installed inside the first furnace 1, a cavity is provided in the furnace wall of the first furnace 1, a pyrolysis gas inlet 101 connected to the cavity is provided on the inner wall of the first furnace 1 located on the upper side of the grate, and a pyrolysis gas outlet 102 connected to the cavity is provided on the inner wall of the first furnace 1 located on the lower side of the grate; a combustion-supporting gas inlet 201 for combustion-supporting gas to enter is provided on one side wall of the second furnace 2, and a flue gas outlet 203 is provided on the other side wall; the burner 3 is installed on the outside of the second furnace 2, and the burner 3 is used to ignite the pyrolysis gas input into the second furnace 2. The pyrolysis gas enters the second furnace 2 in the form of a forward tangent, and the combustion-supporting gas enters the second furnace 2 in the form of a reverse tangent, and the pyrolysis gas and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed. The burner 3 also plays the role of providing heat during the pyrolysis of solid waste.

[0032] In this embodiment, the grate is used to hold solid waste, which decomposes into pyrolysis gas when heated. The pyrolysis gas enters the cavity from the pyrolysis gas inlet 101 and then enters the second furnace 2 from the pyrolysis gas outlet 102. The pyrolysis gas enters the second furnace 2 in the form of a forward tangent, and the combustion-supporting gas enters the second furnace 2 in the form of a reverse tangent. The combustion-supporting gas and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and ignited by the burner 3 for combustion. The mixed combustion of the pyrolysis gas and the combustion-supporting gas can effectively increase the gas residence time and improve the combustion efficiency. The pyrolysis gas is fully burned to avoid the emission of harmful gases. The high-temperature flue gas generated during combustion moves toward the flue gas outlet 203 and moves out along the smoke duct connected to the flue gas outlet 203. The grate divides the first furnace 1 and the second furnace 2 into two upper and lower combustion chambers. The upper combustion chamber is used for decomposing solid waste and producing pyrolysis gas, and the lower combustion chamber is used for mixed combustion of pyrolysis gas and supporting combustion gas. At the same time, the combustion in the lower combustion chamber can provide heat to the upper combustion chamber, so that the moisture in the upper combustion chamber is quickly dried, the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas in the upper combustion chamber is increased, and the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas is maintained stable.

[0033] The grate comprises a fixed grate 4, a movable grate 5, a rotating rod 6 and a driving mechanism 7; the fixed grate 4 is fixedly installed in the first furnace 1, the movable grate 5 is concentrically arranged at the bottom of the fixed grate 4, the rotating rod 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed grate 4, the top end of the rotating rod 6 is rotatably connected to the fixed grate 4, the bottom end of the rotating rod 6 is connected to the driving mechanism 74, and the driving mechanism 7 is used to drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate;

[0034] A plurality of first channels are evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the fixed grate 4, and a second channel is evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the movable grate 5. The rotation of the movable grate 5 can control whether the first channel is connected to the second channel.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first channel is a wide gap and the second channel is a narrow gap; the driving mechanism 7 can drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate, and the rotating rod 6 drives the movable grate 5 to rotate, thereby controlling the overlap and staggering of the wide gap and the narrow gap; when the wide gap coincides with the narrow gap, the furnace on the upper side of the grate is connected with the lower side furnace, and the material in the furnace on the upper side of the grate can be transported to the furnace on the lower side of the grate, and moved out of the furnace through the discharge port 202 arranged at the bottom of the second furnace 2; when the wide gap is staggered, the furnace on the upper side of the grate is separated from the furnace on the lower side of the grate, and the grate can prevent the material in the furnace on the upper side of the grate from leaking to the furnace on the lower side of the grate. The overall structure of the grate is simple, easy to use, and can realize dynamic adjustment of the material in the furnace, ensuring material load and ventilation while avoiding leakage, ensuring normal use of the device, improving combustion effect, and improving the service life of the device. Preferably, the fixed grate 4 can be directly and movably connected to the movable grate 5, and the driving mechanism 7 directly drives the movable grate 5 to rotate, so that the overall structure is simpler.

[0036] The fixed grate 4 includes a first fixed plate 401, a second fixed plate 402 and fixed bars 403; the first fixed plate 401 is horizontally arranged, the second fixed plate 402 is horizontally arranged at the lower side of the first fixed plate 401, the top of the fixed bars 403 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first fixed plate 401, the bottom of the fixed bars 403 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second fixed plate 402, and a first channel is arranged between two adjacent fixed bars 403; the first fixed plate 401 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 6. Preferably, the first fixed plate 401 and the second fixed plate 402 are concentrically arranged, and the outer diameter of the second fixed plate 402 is larger than that of the first fixed plate 401, so that the top of the fixed bars 403 is inclined toward the middle of the first fixed plate 401 and has a certain inclination angle, which can avoid agglomeration.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fixed grate 4 has a simple structure and is fixedly installed in the first furnace 1. After the first channel is connected with the second channel, a channel is provided for the circulation of materials. The fixed grid 403 is inclined to facilitate the movement of materials. A flange is circumferentially arranged on the top of the rotating rod 6, and the outer diameter of the flange is larger than the inner diameter of the first fixed plate 401, which is used to prevent the rotating rod 6 from moving downward and being disconnected from the first fixed plate 401.

[0038] The movable grate 5 includes a first movable plate 501, a second movable plate 502 and movable bars 503; the first movable plate 501 is horizontally arranged inside the fixed grate 4, the second movable plate 502 is horizontally arranged at the lower side of the first movable plate 501, the top of the movable bars 503 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first movable plate 501, the bottom of the movable bars 503 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second movable plate 502, and a second channel is formed between two adjacent movable bars 503; a rotating rod 6 is sleeved inside the first movable plate 501, and the first movable plate 501 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 6 through a locking nut. The first movable plate 501 is concentrically arranged with the second movable plate 502, and the outer diameter of the second movable plate 502 is larger than the outer diameter of the first movable plate 501. The top of the movable bars 503 is inclined toward the middle of the first movable plate 501 and has a certain inclination angle to avoid agglomeration.

[0039] In this embodiment, the movable grate 5 has a simple structure and is rotated by the rotating rod 6. When the second channel overlaps with the first channel, the furnaces on the upper and lower sides of the grate are connected.

[0040] Preferably, the two ends of the movable bars 503 in the movable grate 5 are rotatably connected to the first movable plate 501 and the second movable plate 502, respectively, and the two ends of the fixed bars 403 in the fixed grate 4 are rotatably connected to the first fixed plate 401 and the second fixed plate 402, respectively, so that after the movable grate 5 rotates, the fixed bars 403 and the movable bars 503 can be correspondingly inserted into the second channel and the first channel, the fixed bars 403 and the movable bars 503 fit, and the fixed grate 4 and the movable grate 5 mesh to form a closed structure to avoid material leakage. After the movable bars 503 and the fixed bars 403 rotate, the agglomeration in the first channel can be eliminated, the channel can be cleaned, and the downward movement of the material is convenient.

[0041] The driving mechanism 7 includes a motor 703, a first connecting rod 701, a second connecting rod 702 and a connecting rod 704; the connecting rod 704 is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod 6, one end of the horizontally arranged first connecting rod 701 is fixedly connected to the output shaft at the bottom of the motor 703, the other end of the first connecting rod 701 passes through the opening on the furnace wall of the first furnace 1 and is rotatably connected to one end of the horizontally arranged second connecting rod 702, and the other end of the second connecting rod 702 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 704. The motor 703 is connected to the outer wall of the first furnace 1 and fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first furnace 1. The opening on the furnace wall of the first furnace 1 is suitable for the movement of the first connecting rod 701.

[0042] In this embodiment, the motor 703 is fixedly installed in one place to facilitate the back-and-forth swinging of the first connecting rod 701. The back-and-forth swinging of the first connecting rod 701 drives the second connecting rod 702 to move. The second connecting rod 702 drives the connecting rod 704 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating rod 6 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 6 drives the movable grate 5 to rotate. The movable grate 5 rotates to control the connection or disconnection of the first channel and the second channel.

[0043] Working principle: The mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas provided in this embodiment is characterized in that solid waste is put into the feed port 103 at the top of the first furnace 1, and the solid waste is moved to the grate, and is preheated, dried, pyrolyzed and gasified in sequence during the movement to generate pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis gas enters the cavity arranged on the inner wall of the first furnace 1 through the pyrolysis gas inlet 101, and then moves out from the pyrolysis gas outlet 102 connected to the cavity and enters the second furnace 2 in the form of a forward tangent; the combustion-supporting gas enters the second furnace 2 in the form of a reverse tangent from the combustion-supporting gas inlet 201 and mixes with the pyrolysis gas; the burner ignites the pyrolysis gas and the combustion-supporting gas, and the pyrolysis gas is fully burned, and the flue gas after the combustion of the pyrolysis gas and the combustion-supporting gas is moved out from the flue gas outlet 203;

[0044] The fixed grate 4 is provided with fixed bars 403, which have a certain angle, and a first channel is provided between two adjacent fixed bars 403; the fixed grate 4 is concentrically provided with a movable grate 5, and the movable grate 5 is provided with movable bars 503, which have a certain angle, and a second channel is provided between two adjacent movable bars 503; when the movable grate 5 rotates, the movable bars 503 approach or move away from the fixed bars 403, and after the movable bars 503 approach the fixed bars 403, they abut and fit with the fixed bars 403, closing the opening at one end of the first channel, thereby separating the first channel from the second channel; the movable bars 503 move away from the fixed bars 403, and the first channel is connected with the second channel, and the remaining materials after the pyrolysis of the solid waste on the upper side of the fixed grate 4 can move downward along the first channel and the second channel. When the first channel is connected to the second channel, the overlapping area of ​​the first channel and the second channel openings can be adjusted in real time as needed to adjust the material falling speed or control the size of the falling material so that the material that meets the size falls and is removed through the discharge port 202 arranged at the bottom of the second furnace 2.

[0045] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas, characterized in that: It includes a furnace, a grate and a burner; The furnace includes a second furnace and a first furnace installed on the top of the second furnace; a cavity is provided in the furnace wall of the first furnace, a pyrolysis gas inlet is provided at the upper inner wall of the first furnace, a pyrolysis gas outlet is provided at the lower inner wall of the first furnace, and a grate installed on the inner side of the first furnace is provided between the pyrolysis gas inlet and the pyrolysis gas outlet; the second furnace is connected to the pyrolysis gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet is provided on one side wall of the second furnace, and a smoke outlet is provided on the other side wall; the burner is installed on the outer side of the second furnace, and is used to ignite the pyrolysis gas transported to the second furnace through the pyrolysis gas outlet.

2. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material inlet is arranged at the top of the first furnace, and a material outlet is arranged at the bottom of the second furnace.

3. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate comprises a fixed grate, a movable grate and a driving mechanism; the fixed grate is fixedly installed in the first furnace, the movable grate is coaxially arranged in the fixed grate, and the movable grate is rotatably connected to the fixed grate; the driving mechanism is used to drive the movable grate to rotate; The fixed grate is provided with a first channel, and the movable grate is provided with a second channel; the rotation of the movable grate can control whether the first channel is connected to the second channel.

4. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating rod is arranged in the middle of the movable grate, the top end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the fixed grate, and the bottom end of the rotating rod is connected with the driving mechanism.

5. The mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a motor, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a connecting rod; the output shaft at the bottom of the motor is fixedly connected to the horizontally arranged first connecting rod; one end of the second connecting rod is connected to the end of the first connecting rod, and the other end passes through the furnace wall of the first furnace and is connected to the horizontally arranged connecting rod, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

6. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The movable grate includes a first movable plate, a second movable plate and movable bars; the second movable plate is arranged on the lower side of the first movable plate, the top end of the movable bar is connected to the side of the first movable plate, the bottom end of the movable bar is connected to the side of the second movable plate, the second channel is arranged between adjacent movable bars, and the first movable plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

7. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating rod is sleeved at the middle part of the first movable plate, and the first movable plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod through a locking nut.

8. The mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed grate includes a first fixed plate, a second fixed plate and fixed bars; the second fixed plate is arranged on the lower side of the first fixed plate, the top end of the fixed bar is connected to the side of the first fixed plate, the bottom end of the fixed bar is connected to the side of the second fixed plate, the first channel is arranged between adjacent fixed bars, and the first fixed plate is rotatably connected to the rotating rod.

9. A mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed bars are rotatably connected to the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate respectively, the movable bars are rotatably connected to the first movable plate and the second movable plate respectively, and the movable bars can be inserted into the first channel and fit with the fixed bars.

10. The mixed combustion device of pyrolysis gas and combustion-supporting gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis gas enters the second furnace in the form of a forward tangent, and the combustion-supporting gas enters the second furnace in the form of a reverse tangent.

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