Anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses an aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device, relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and can improve the heat transfer efficiency of a residual anode to a new anode. According to the aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device, a first heat exchanger is arranged in a first containing bin and used for containing anode scraps; a second heat exchanger is arranged in the second containing bin and used for containing a new electrode. The third heat exchanger is connected with a bin bottom plate of the first containing bin and connected with a bin bottom plate of the second containing bin. The heat exchange pipelines comprise the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline, the first heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the third heat exchanger, one end of the third heat exchange pipeline communicates with the first heat exchange pipeline, and the other end of the third heat exchange pipeline communicates with the second heat exchange pipeline. A first heat exchange medium is contained in the heat exchange pipeline, second heat exchange media are arranged in the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange media make contact with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and in particular to an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the aluminum electrolysis production process, the anode carbon block continuously participates in the electrochemical reaction and is converted into CO and CO2, while producing metallic aluminum on the cathode. When the anode reacts to a certain remaining height, the anode is pulled out of the aluminum electrolysis cell, which is called a residual electrode. The temperature of the new electrode is room temperature, and the new electrode is put into the cell without preheating. Due to the huge temperature difference, a large amount of electrolyte solidifies on the surface of the anode, forming a non-conductive electrolyte layer. Therefore, it is necessary to preheat the new electrode so that the new electrode needs to absorb a large amount of heat to melt the solidified electrolyte, thereby gradually conducting electricity. However, the existing preheating method is to preheat the new electrode by air thermal radiation, which results in low heat transfer efficiency and thus low preheating efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell, which can improve the heat transfer efficiency from the residual anode to the new anode.

[0004] In a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell, comprising:

[0005] a first containing chamber, wherein a first heat exchanger is disposed in the first containing chamber, and the first heat exchanger is used to contain the residual poles;

[0006] a second containing chamber, wherein a second heat exchanger is disposed in the second containing chamber, and the second heat exchanger is used to contain a new electrode;

[0007] A third heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger is connected to the bottom plate of the first containing bin, and the third heat exchanger is connected to the bottom plate of the second containing bin;

[0008] A heat exchange pipeline, the heat exchange pipeline comprising a first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a third heat exchange pipeline, the first heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the third heat exchanger, one end of the third heat exchange pipeline is connected to the first heat exchange pipeline, and the other end is connected to the second heat exchange pipeline;

[0009] The heat exchange pipeline contains a first heat exchange medium, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are all provided with a second heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first side plate and the first bottom plate of the first heat exchanger form a first accommodation space, and the first accommodation space is used to accommodate the residual anode;

[0011] The second side plate and the second bottom plate of the second heat exchanger form a second accommodation space, and the second accommodation space is used to accommodate the new pole;

[0012] The third heat exchange plate of the third heat exchanger is connected to the first bottom plate of the first accommodating space;

[0013] The third heat exchange plate of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second bottom plate of the second accommodating space.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of the first heat exchange pipelines are laid on the first side plate and the first bottom plate;

[0015] A plurality of the second heat exchange pipelines are laid on the second side plate and the second bottom plate;

[0016] A plurality of the third heat exchange pipelines are laid on the third heat exchange plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, one of the heat exchange pipelines is coiled around the first accommodation space and the second accommodation space.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first storage bin is provided with a first top plate, a first bin door and a first bin body, the first bin body includes a first bin body side wall and a first bin body bottom plate, the first top plate is provided with the first bin door, the first bin door is sealedly connected to the first top plate, and the first top plate is connected to the first bin body side wall;

[0019] The second storage bin is provided with a second top plate, a second bin door, and a second bin body, the second bin body includes a second bin body side wall and a second bin body bottom plate, the second top plate is provided with the second bin door, the second bin door is sealedly connected to the second top plate, and the second top plate is connected to the second bin body side wall;

[0020] The first storage bin is provided with a heat insulating material, and / or the second storage bin is provided with a heat insulating material;

[0021] The thickness of the first bin body side wall and the second bin body side wall ranges from 5 to 10 mm;

[0022] The thickness of the first top plate and the second top plate ranges from 5 to 10 mm;

[0023] The thickness of the first bin body bottom plate and the second bin body bottom plate ranges from 15 to 30 mm;

[0024] The thickness of the thermal insulation material ranges from 20 to 50 mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first containing chamber contains a plurality of the anode butts; and / or,

[0026] The second containing bin contains a plurality of the new poles.

[0027] In some embodiments, the ratio of the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline to the third heat exchange area of ​​the third heat exchanger is greater than or equal to 50%, wherein the third heat exchange area is the contact area of ​​the third heat exchanger with the sum of the bottom plate of the first containing bin and the bottom plate of the second containing bin.

[0028] In some embodiments, the aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device further comprises:

[0029] A negative pressure device is connected to the first containing chamber via a quick interface, and the negative pressure device is used to form a negative pressure in the first containing chamber.

[0030] In some embodiments, the aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device further comprises:

[0031] The temperature monitoring device comprises a first temperature monitoring device and a second temperature monitoring device, wherein the first temperature monitoring device is arranged in the first containing bin, and the second temperature monitoring device is arranged in the second containing bin.

[0032] In some embodiments, the aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device further comprises:

[0033] A thermal energy circulation device, wherein the thermal energy circulation device is connected to the third heat exchange pipeline, and the thermal energy circulation device is used to drive the first heat exchange medium to circulate in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline.

[0034] A second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preheating the anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell, using the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolysis cell described in the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0035] Putting the residual pole and the new pole into the first containing bin and the second containing bin respectively;

[0036] The first heat exchange medium is controlled to circulate in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline, so that the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium perform cyclic heat exchange to transfer the heat released by the residual pole to the new pole.

[0037] In some embodiments, when the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell is provided with a negative pressure device, a thermal energy circulation device and a temperature monitoring device, after the residual anode and the new anode are placed in the first containing bin and the second containing bin respectively, the method further comprises:

[0038] Turning on the negative pressure device to control the pressure in the first containing chamber to be lower than the external pressure of the first containing chamber;

[0039] Turning on the thermal energy circulation device to control the heat exchange rate of the first heat exchange medium;

[0040] The temperature monitoring device is turned on to monitor the temperature of the residual pole and the new pole to control the replacement of the residual pole and / or the new pole.

[0041] The anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolytic cell provided in an embodiment of the present application places the residual anode in the first heat exchanger of the first storage bin, the new anode in the second storage bin, and the third heat exchanger is connected to the bin bottom plates of the first storage bin and the second storage bin. The heat exchange pipeline includes a first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a third heat exchange pipeline. The first heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the second heat exchanger, and the third heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the third heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger contain the second heat exchange medium, the second heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline, and the heat exchange pipeline contains the first heat exchange medium. The residual anode transfers the released heat to the second heat exchange medium of the first heat exchanger by thermal radiation, and transfers the heat to the first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline by heat conduction and heat convection. The residual pole transfers the released heat to the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger by heat conduction, and the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger further heats the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline by convection. The first heat exchange medium flows into the second heat exchange pipeline of the second heat exchanger through the third heat exchange pipeline, and the first heat exchange medium in the second pipeline transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger by heat convection and heat conduction. The second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger transfers heat to the new pole by heat radiation, and the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger transfers heat to the new pole by heat conduction. While the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger heats the new pole, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger also heats the new pole. The temperature difference between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium is used to realize the heat exchange between the residual pole and the new pole, and then the first heat exchange medium is combined with the circulation of heat collection and heat release in the heat exchange pipeline, so that the residual heat of the residual pole is efficiently recovered and fully used for heating the new pole. By combining heat transfer methods such as heat convection, heat conduction and heat radiation for circulatory heat exchange, the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole is improved while maintaining continuous high-temperature heating of the new pole, reducing the time consumed in preheating the new pole, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole to the new pole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange pipeline of an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange pipeline of another aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange pipeline of another aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a method for preheating an anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of another aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an anode heat exchange piping coil for an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to better understand the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification are described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this specification and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this specification and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0050] In this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements limited by the statement "comprise one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements. The term "more than two" includes two or more than two situations.

[0051] At present, in the aluminum electrolysis production process, the anode carbon block continuously participates in the electrochemical reaction and is converted into CO and CO2, while producing metallic aluminum on the cathode. When the anode reacts to a certain remaining height, the anode is pulled out of the aluminum electrolysis cell, which is called a residual anode. The temperature of the new electrode is room temperature, and the new electrode is put into the cell without preheating. Due to the huge temperature difference, a large amount of electrolyte solidifies on the surface of the anode, forming a non-conductive electrolyte layer. Therefore, it is necessary to preheat the new electrode so that the new electrode needs to absorb a large amount of heat to melt the solidified electrolyte, thereby gradually conducting electricity. However, the existing preheating method is to preheat the new electrode by air thermal radiation, which results in low heat transfer efficiency and low preheating efficiency.

[0052] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell, which can improve the heat transfer efficiency from the residual anode to the new anode, thereby improving the anode preheating efficiency.

[0053] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a device for preheating an anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell is provided. Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] In some embodiments, the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell includes a first containing bin 11, a second containing bin 2, a third heat exchanger 15, and a heat exchange pipeline. The materials of the first containing bin 11, the second containing bin 2, the third heat exchanger 15, and the heat exchange pipeline can all be aluminum alloys, copper, and other metal materials with high corrosion resistance and strong thermal conductivity. The first containing bin 11 and the second containing bin 2 are welded or riveted into a whole, and a partition is formed at the connection between the first containing bin 11 and the second containing bin 2, and the partition completely seals and isolates the first containing bin 11 and the second containing bin 2. A first heat exchanger 13 is arranged in the first containing bin 11, and the residual pole 8 can be placed in the first heat exchanger 13. A second heat exchanger 14 is arranged in the second containing bin 2, and the new pole 4 can be placed in the second heat exchanger 14. The third heat exchanger 15 is connected to the first storage bin 11 and the second storage bin 2, respectively. A heat-insulating pad is arranged around the outside of the third heat exchanger 15. The heat-insulating pad can be made of materials with heat-insulating properties such as aluminum silicate, ceramic fiber and aerogel. The heat exchange pipeline can include a first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a third heat exchange pipeline. The outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline is provided with heat dissipation fins, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange pipeline. The first heat exchange pipeline 5 is coiled inside the first heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchange pipeline 6 is coiled inside the second heat exchanger 14, and the third heat exchange pipeline is coiled inside the third heat exchanger 15. One end of the third heat exchange pipeline is connected to the first heat exchange pipeline 5, and the other end is connected to the second heat exchange pipeline 6. The heat exchange pipeline contains a first heat exchange medium, which can be one of paraffin, fatty acid, and aromatic hydrocarbon. The melting point of the first heat exchange medium can be lower than room temperature. The second heat exchange medium 17 can be filled in the gap between the heat exchange pipeline and the inner wall of the first heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchange medium can also be filled in the gap between the heat exchange pipeline and the inner wall of the second heat exchanger 14, and the second heat exchange medium can also be filled in the gap between the third heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange plate. The second heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline. The second heat exchange medium can be a phase change heat storage material made of two or more materials with sensible heat and latent heat properties among sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium chloride, and sodium chloride. In the case of solid-liquid conversion of the second heat exchange medium, the second heat exchange medium is in a latent heat state, and in the case of the second heat exchange medium being in a liquid or solid state, the second heat exchange medium is in a sensible heat state.

[0055] Exemplarily, when the residual pole 8 is placed in the first heat exchanger 13 and the new pole 4 is placed in the second heat exchanger 14, the bottom of the residual pole 8 contacts the bottom of the first storage bin 11, and the bottom plate of the new pole 4 contacts the bottom of the second storage bin 2. The heat released by the residual pole 8 is transferred to the second heat exchange medium filled in the first heat exchanger 13 by heat radiation, and the second heat exchange medium filled in the first heat exchanger 13 transfers the heat to the first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline by heat conduction and heat convection. At the same time, the heat released by the residual pole 8 is transferred to the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger 15 by heat conduction, and the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger 15 further heats the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline. The first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline flows from the first heat exchange pipeline into the third heat exchange pipeline, and flows to the second heat exchange pipeline in the second heat exchanger 14 through the third heat exchange pipeline. The first heat exchange medium circulates in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline. During the circulation process, the first heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange pipeline transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 14 by means of heat convection and heat conduction, and then transfers heat to the new pole 4 by means of heat radiation. At the same time, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger 15 transfers heat to the new pole 4 by means of heat conduction. While the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 14 heats the new pole, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger 15 also heats the new pole 4. In the first heat exchanger 13, since the residual pole 8 transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium, the high-temperature heat energy collected by the second heat exchange medium causes the second heat exchange medium to change from a solid state to a molten state. The second heat exchange medium in a molten state quickly transfers the high-temperature heat energy to the first heat exchange medium in a room temperature state. As the temperature of the residual pole decreases, the temperature of the second heat exchange medium drops to the melting point, and the second heat exchange medium changes from a molten state to a solid state, releasing a large amount of high-temperature heat energy, thereby extending the high-temperature time of the second heat exchange medium. The sensible heat and latent heat process of the second heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger 13 can prolong the time of continuous high-temperature heat dissipation of the residual pole 8, which can also be understood as the residual pole 8 maintaining high-temperature heat dissipation for a long time. As the first heat exchange medium circulates, in the second heat exchanger 14, the first heat exchange medium transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange medium quickly transfers the collected high-temperature heat energy to the new pole 4 at room temperature. The sensible heat and latent heat process of the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 14 can prolong the time of continuous high-temperature preheating of the new pole 4, which can also be understood as the new pole 4 maintaining high-temperature preheating for a long time.By setting the second heat exchange medium as a phase change heat storage material, the temperature difference between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium is used to realize the sensible heat release and latent heat release of the second heat exchange medium, and the heat transfer rate of heat convection is accelerated, so that the new pole is kept in a high-temperature heating state for a long time, and the flow rate of the first heat exchange medium is accelerated through the third heat exchange pipeline of the third heat exchanger, and the heat exchange rate between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger is further accelerated, and then the first heat exchange medium is combined with the circulation of heat collection and heat release in the heat exchange pipeline, so that the residual heat of the residual pole is efficiently recovered and fully used for heating the new pole. Circulating heat exchange is carried out by combining heat transfer methods such as heat convection, heat conduction and heat radiation, while maintaining the continuous high-temperature heating of the new pole, the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole is improved, the time consumed for preheating the new pole is reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole to the new pole is improved.

[0056] Usually, the method of preheating the new electrode with the residual heat of aluminum electrolysis scrap is generally to place the scrap and the new electrode on a closed anode tray, and the high-temperature scrap transfers heat to the new electrode through air radiation. This method of heating the new electrode has major disadvantages, such as the side of the new electrode adjacent to the scrap heats up faster, and even some areas burn, while the side away from the scrap heats up more slowly, resulting in uneven temperature of the new electrode and reducing the efficiency of preheating the new electrode.

[0057] In the anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolytic cell provided in an embodiment of the present application, the residual anode transfers the released heat to the second heat exchange medium of the first heat exchanger by means of thermal radiation, and transfers the heat to the first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline by means of heat conduction and heat convection. The residual anode transfers the released heat to the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger by means of heat conduction, and the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger further heats the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline by means of convection. The first heat exchange medium flows into the second heat exchange pipeline of the second heat exchanger via the third heat exchange pipeline, and the first heat exchange medium in the second pipeline transfers the heat to the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger by means of heat conduction and heat convection. The second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger transfers the heat to the new pole by means of thermal radiation, and at the same time, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger transfers the heat to the new pole by means of heat conduction. While the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger heats the new pole, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger also heats the new pole. The first heat exchange medium is set to be a low-melting-point material with a melting point lower than room temperature, and the second heat exchange medium is a phase-change heat storage material. The temperature difference between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium is used to realize the sensible heat and latent heat process of the phase-change heat storage material, and then the first heat exchange medium is combined with the circulation of heat collection and heat release in the heat exchange pipeline, so that the residual heat of the residual pole can be efficiently recovered and fully used for heating the new pole. Circulating heat exchange is carried out by combining heat transfer methods such as thermal radiation, thermal convection, and thermal conduction. While maintaining the continuous high-temperature heating of the new pole, the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole is improved, the time consumed for preheating the new pole is reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole to the new pole is improved.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first side plate and the first bottom plate of the first heat exchanger form a first accommodation space, and the first accommodation space may be an accommodation groove or an accommodation cavity. The first heat exchange pipeline is coiled inside the first side plate and the first bottom plate of the first accommodation space, and the coiling method of the first heat exchange pipeline may be coiled along the first accommodation space horizontally or longitudinally. The coiling area of ​​the first heat exchange pipeline may be set according to the inner surface area of ​​the first accommodation space, and the inner surface area size of the first accommodation space may be set according to the size of the residual pole, so that the first accommodation space is sufficient to accommodate the residual pole. The second side plate and the second bottom plate of the second heat exchanger form a second accommodation space, and the second accommodation space may be an accommodation groove or an accommodation cavity. The second heat exchange pipeline is coiled inside the second side plate and the second bottom plate, and the coiling method of the second heat exchange pipeline may be coiled along the second accommodation space horizontally or longitudinally. The coiling area of ​​the second heat exchange pipeline may be set according to the inner surface area of ​​the second accommodation space, and the inner surface area size of the second accommodation space may be set according to the size of the new pole, so that the second accommodation space is sufficient to accommodate the new pole. The third heat exchanger is provided with a third heat exchange plate, which is a sealed structure. The third heat exchange pipeline is coiled inside the third heat exchange plate. The third heat exchange pipeline can be coiled horizontally along the horizontal direction of the third heat exchange plate, or can be coiled longitudinally along the vertical direction of the third heat exchange plate. The coiling area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline is set accordingly according to the preset target temperature of the new pole heating actually required. The third heat exchange plate is connected to the first bottom plate of the first accommodating space and the second bottom plate of the second accommodating space respectively, and the third heat exchange pipeline is connected to the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline respectively. Through the arrangement of the first accommodating space, the second accommodating space and the third heat exchange plate, the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline can be adapted to different coiling methods, and the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline can be adapted to different coiling areas, which can increase the heat transfer speed of the first heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline, thereby improving the preheating efficiency of the new pole, realizing efficient recovery of residual heat of the residual pole and efficient preheating of the new pole.

[0059] In some embodiments, the height of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be set according to the height size of the residual pole and the new pole, and the height range of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is 400mm to 600mm. The inner surface area of ​​the first accommodation space can be greater than or equal to the outer surface area of ​​the residual pole, and the inner surface area of ​​the second accommodation space can be greater than or equal to the outer surface area of ​​the new pole. At the same time, the ratio of the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline to the third heat exchange area of ​​the third heat exchanger is greater than or equal to 50%, and the third heat exchange area is the sum of the areas of the third heat exchanger and the first storage bin bottom plate and the second storage bin bottom plate. According to different preset target temperatures of the new pole, by setting the inner surface area of ​​the first storage space, the inner surface area of ​​the second storage space and the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline, the heat transfer rate of the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium is increased while meeting different new pole preheating requirements.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline can be multiple. Multiple first heat exchange pipelines are laid inside the first side plate and the first bottom plate, and the multiple first heat exchange pipelines include 1# first heat exchange pipeline, 2# first heat exchange pipeline, 3# first heat exchange pipeline...N# first heat exchange pipeline. Multiple second heat exchange pipelines are laid on the second side plate and the second bottom plate, and the multiple second heat exchange pipelines include 1# second heat exchange pipeline, 2# second heat exchange pipeline, 3# second heat exchange pipeline...M# first heat exchange pipeline. Multiple third heat exchange pipelines are laid on the third heat exchange flat plate, and multiple third heat exchange pipelines include 1# third heat exchange pipeline, 2# third heat exchange pipeline, 3# third heat exchange pipeline...L# third heat exchange pipeline. Multiple first heat exchange pipelines can be connected in parallel, multiple second heat exchange pipelines can be connected in parallel, and multiple third heat exchange pipelines can be connected in parallel. Multiple third heat exchange pipelines can be connected in series with multiple first heat exchange pipelines and multiple second heat exchange pipelines, respectively. 1# first heat exchange pipeline, 1# second heat exchange pipeline, 1# second heat exchange pipeline form the first group of heat exchange pipelines. 2# first heat exchange pipeline, 2# second heat exchange pipeline, 2# third heat exchange pipeline are considered as the second group of heat exchange pipelines. 3# first heat exchange pipeline, 3# second heat exchange pipeline, 3# third heat exchange pipeline are considered as the third group of heat exchange pipelines...N# first heat exchange pipeline, M# second heat exchange pipeline, L# second heat exchange pipeline form the Nth group of heat exchange pipelines. The first group of heat exchange pipelines, the second group of heat exchange pipelines, the third group of heat exchange pipelines and the Nth group of heat exchange pipelines are connected in parallel. Multiple third heat exchange pipelines can be connected in series with multiple first heat exchange pipelines and multiple second heat exchange pipelines, respectively. A single first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a third heat exchange pipeline are connected in series one by one, and multiple groups of heat exchange pipelines are connected in parallel. The first heat exchange medium circulates in the direction of the first side plate and the second side plate and flows to the third heat exchange plate at the same time, and the third heat exchange plate flows to the second heat exchange side and the second heat exchange bottom plate respectively. The flow direction of the first heat exchange medium is not affected by the coiling direction of the heat exchange pipeline. Regardless of whether the coiling direction is horizontal or vertical, it can meet the operation of multiple heat exchange pipelines performing heat exchange at the same time, so that the new pole is heated evenly. By connecting multiple first heat exchange pipelines and second heat exchange pipelines in series through the third heat exchange pipeline, multiple first heat exchange pipelines collect heat from the residual pole at the same time, and multiple second heat exchange pipelines preheat the new pole evenly at the same time, which improves the heating efficiency of the new pole heating and saves heating time.

[0061] In some embodiments, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange pipeline of an aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange pipeline of another aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange pipeline of another aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figures 2 to 4 As shown, Figure 2 The first heat exchange pipe in the pipe A and Figure 3 The pipe opening D of the third heat exchange pipeline is connected by welding. Figure 2 The second heat exchange pipe in the pipe B and Figure 3 The pipe opening F of the third heat exchange pipeline is connected by welding. Figure 2 The first heat exchange pipeline 5 surrounds the first accommodation space, Figure 2 The second heat exchange pipeline 6 surrounds the second accommodating space. Figure 4 It is the pipeline state after the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline are connected. The direction of the circulation flow of the first heat exchange medium can be from the first side plate to the third heat exchange plate, and from the third heat exchange plate to the second side plate. The heat of the side wall of the residual pole transfers the released heat to the second heat exchange medium of the first heat exchanger by heat radiation, and transfers the heat to the first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline by heat conduction and heat convection. The first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline is heated and the temperature rises. The heat at the bottom of the residual pole is transferred to the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger by heat conduction. The first heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline flows from the first heat exchange pipeline through the third heat exchange pipeline. At the same time, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger transfers the heat to the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline by heat conduction and heat convection, heats the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline, and the temperature of the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline is further increased. The high-temperature first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline flows into the second heat exchange pipeline of the second heat exchanger, and transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium of the second heat exchanger by means of heat convection and heat conduction, and the second heat exchange medium of the second heat exchanger transfers heat to the side wall of the new pole by means of heat radiation. At the same time, the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger by means of heat convection and heat conduction, and the second heat exchange medium of the third heat exchanger transfers heat to the bottom of the new pole by means of heat conduction. While the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger heats the side wall of the new pole, the second heat exchange medium in the third heat exchanger heats the bottom of the new pole. The temperature difference between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium is used to realize the heat exchange between the residual pole and the new pole, and then the first heat exchange medium is combined with the circulation of heat collection and heat release in the heat exchange pipeline, so that the residual heat of the residual pole is efficiently recovered and fully used for heating the new pole. By combining heat transfer methods such as heat convection, heat conduction and heat radiation for circulatory heat exchange, the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole is improved while maintaining continuous high-temperature heating of the new pole, reducing the time consumed in preheating the new pole, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole to the new pole.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application connects the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline, and the third heat exchange pipeline into one heat exchange pipeline, which can reduce the setting of the interfaces between the heat exchange pipelines, reduce the leakage of the first heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline, improve the heat transfer efficiency from the residual pole to the new pole, and improve the safety of heat transfer in the heat exchange pipeline.

[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first storage bin 11 is provided with a first top plate, a first bin door 10, and the first bin body includes a first bin body 1 side wall and a first bin body bottom plate 7, the first top plate is provided with a first bin door 10, the first bin door 10 is sealed and connected to the first top plate, the first top plate is connected to the first bin body side wall, and the inner side of the first bin body side wall, the inner side of the first top plate and the inner side of the first bin door 10 are all provided with a heat insulation material 9. The second storage bin 2 is provided with a second top plate, a second bin door 18 and a second bin body, the second bin body 19 includes a second bin body side wall and a second bin body bottom plate 22, the second top plate is provided with a second bin door 18, the second bin door 18 is sealed and connected to the second top plate, the second top plate is connected to the second bin body side wall, and the inner side of the second bin body side wall, the inner side of the second top plate and the inner side of the second bin door 18 are all provided with a heat insulation material 9. Among them, the filler of the sealed connection can be rubber, and the heat insulation material can include a composition made of one or more of aluminum silicate, ceramic fiber and aerogel. The thickness of the first bin body side wall and the second bin body side wall ranges from 5 to 10 mm, the thickness of the first top plate and the second top plate ranges from 5 to 10 mm, the thickness of the first bin body bottom plate and the second bin body bottom plate ranges from 15 to 30 mm, and the thickness of the heat insulation material ranges from 20 to 50 mm. The first bin door 10 of the first storage bin and the second bin door 18 of the second storage bin are both provided with rectangular openings, the length and width of the rectangular openings are respectively greater than 10 to 20 mm of the length and width of the first anode guide rod 12 and the second anode guide rod 16, so as to facilitate the placement and removal of the residual pole and the new pole. By setting the thickness of the first storage bin and the second storage bin, setting the sealed connection of the bin body, and setting the heat insulation material in the first storage bin and the second storage bin respectively, the heat of the first storage bin and the second storage bin can be prevented from flowing out of the bin, and the heat loss of the first storage bin and the second storage bin can be reduced.

[0064] In some embodiments, the butt electrode includes a butt electrode steel claw 3, which is arranged inside the first containing bin 11, and a first anode guide rod 12 is arranged outside the first containing bin 11. The butt electrode steel claw 3 is connected to the first anode guide rod 12. The new electrode includes a new electrode steel claw 21, which is arranged inside the second containing bin 2, and a second anode guide rod 16 is arranged outside the second containing bin 2. A circular opening is arranged at one end of the first anode guide rod 12 and the second anode guide rod 16 away from the bin body. The crane controls the steel claw connected to the first anode guide rod 12 to lift and move the butt electrode through the first circular opening 25, and the crane controls the steel claw connected to the second anode guide rod 16 to lift and move the butt electrode to the new electrode through the second circular opening 20. The operation of the crane controlling the lifting and moving of the new electrode or the butt electrode can be performed simultaneously or in a sequence. The replacement of the new electrode and the butt electrode controlled by the crane can save the time of manual operation, and can also avoid the risk of high temperature burns during manual operation.

[0065] In some embodiments, the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell further includes a negative pressure device. The negative pressure device is connected to the first containing bin via a quick interface. The quick interface is arranged on the side wall of the first containing bin, one end of the quick interface is connected to the exhaust pipe leading out from the side wall of the first containing bin, and the other end is connected to the negative pressure device. The negative pressure device can form a negative pressure in the first containing bin, and discharge the harmful gas in the first containing bin out of the first containing bin. Harmful gases include high-temperature fluorine-containing gases. The exhaust pipe may include a metal pipe, a rubber pipe, etc., and the exhaust pipe is threadedly connected to the side wall of the first containing bin. The negative pressure device may be a negative pressure device in the fume purification system of the aluminum electrolytic cell, or it may be a separately arranged negative pressure device. In the case where the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device and the aluminum electrolytic cell flue gas purification system share a set of negative pressure equipment, the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device can be set on the aluminum electrolytic cell, saving the space occupied by the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device, and at the same time, the harmful gas in the first containing bin can be collected into the aluminum electrolytic cell flue gas treatment system, so that the high-temperature fluorine-containing gas in the first containing bin and the high-temperature fluorine-containing gas in the aluminum electrolytic cell are uniformly treated, and the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device does not need to be set up with negative pressure equipment, thereby reducing the production cost of the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device. In the case where the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device is independently set up with negative pressure equipment, the negative pressure equipment can be set up around the aluminum electrolytic cell to independently control the negative pressure state in the first containing bin. By independently controlling the pressure in the first containing bin, no external pipeline is required, and the high-temperature fluorine-containing gas in the first containing bin is discharged in time, reducing the time that the flue gas stays in the first containing bin, and avoiding danger to the health of production personnel.

[0066] In some embodiments, the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell further includes a temperature monitoring device, the temperature detection device includes a temperature collector and a temperature recording device, the temperature collector may be an assembled thermocouple or a grating temperature sensor, and the temperature is transmitted to the temperature recording device through a cable. The temperature monitoring device may include a first temperature monitoring device and a second temperature monitoring device, the first temperature monitoring device is arranged inside the first containing bin, and the second temperature monitoring device is arranged inside the second containing bin, the temperature monitoring device may monitor the temperature of the residual pole inside the first containing bin in real time, and may also monitor the temperature of the new pole inside the second containing bin in real time. When the temperature difference between the residual pole and the new pole is less than 10°C, the second temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the overhead crane may be controlled to lift the residual pole out of the first containing bin and replace it with a hot residual pole. It may also be that when the temperature of the new pole reaches the preset target temperature, the second temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and controls the overhead crane to lift the new pole out and put it on the tank and replace it with a new pole. The temperature of the residual pole and the new pole is monitored in real time by the temperature monitoring device, so as to realize the rapid replacement of the residual pole and the new pole, and improve the working efficiency of the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0067] In some embodiments, the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device further includes a heat energy circulation device, which may include a circulation pump or other equipment with a circulation driving force, and the heat energy circulation device is arranged outside the warehouse. The heat energy circulation device is connected to the third heat exchange pipeline, and the heat energy circulation device is used to drive the first heat exchange medium to circulate in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline, and transfer the heat absorbed by the first heat exchange medium from the second heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger, and then transfer it to the new pole to heat the new pole. The flow rate of the first heat exchange medium can be controlled by the heat energy circulation device. The faster the circulation speed of the first heat exchange medium driven by the heat energy circulation device, the faster the heat transfer rate between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium, the shorter the time for the new pole to reach the preset target temperature, and the higher the heating efficiency of the new pole. The temperature monitoring device can be turned on at the same time as the heat energy circulation device is turned on to monitor the heat exchange state of the residual pole and the new pole in real time, and the circulation speed of the first heat exchange medium is adjusted accordingly according to the actual production situation on site, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the new pole.

[0068] In some embodiments, the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device also includes a control terminal, and the control terminal controls the start and stop of equipment such as a thermal energy circulation device, a negative pressure device, and a temperature monitoring device. The control terminal is connected to the thermal energy circulation device, the negative pressure device, and the temperature monitoring device, respectively, and the connection method can be a wired connection or a wireless communication connection. The control terminal can remotely control the start and stop of equipment such as the thermal energy circulation device, the negative pressure device, and the temperature monitoring device. The control terminal can monitor the working status of the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device in real time. The control terminal can replace the new electrode or the residual electrode according to the sound and light alarm signal issued by the temperature monitoring device and the received alarm signal, thereby improving the working efficiency of the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating device.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first storage bin accommodates multiple residual poles, and the second storage bin accommodates multiple new poles. The first storage bin can be set to accommodate one or more residual poles. When one residual pole can meet the preset heating temperature of the new pole, the first storage bin can be set to accommodate one residual pole. When one residual pole cannot meet the heating temperature of the new pole, a large amount of thermal energy can be stored in the first storage bin by superimposing multiple residual poles to meet the preset target temperature requirement of the new pole. The preset target temperature of the new pole can be set to be greater than or equal to 200°C. The second storage bin can also accommodate multiple new poles. Generally, the number of residual poles in the first storage bin can be greater than or equal to the number of new poles in the second storage bin, providing sufficient heat source for heating the new pole. According to the number of residual poles and new poles contained in the first storage bin and the second storage bin, respectively, the parameter settings of the first storage bin and the second storage bin are adjusted accordingly, including the thickness of the side walls, top plates, rectangular openings of the bin doors and bottom plates of the first storage bin and the second storage bin, the thickness of the thermal insulation material, the contact surface size of the aluminum guide rod with the new pole carbon block and the residual pole carbon, the size of the third heat exchanger, the inner diameter size of the third heat exchange pipeline, the size of the external thermal insulation material of the third heat exchanger, and the filling ratio of the second heat exchange medium. Adjusting the parameter settings of the first storage bin and the second storage bin can meet the preset target temperature of different new poles, complete the replacement of new poles, and realize the compatibility and diversity of the heating of the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0070] Exemplarily, the first storage bin and the first storage bin contain one piece of residual pole and one piece of new pole respectively, the residual pole includes a residual pole carbon block, and the new pole includes a new pole carbon block. The size of the residual pole carbon block of aluminum electrolysis is 1500*650*150mm, and the height of the new pole carbon block is 1750*750*600mm. The thickness of the side wall and top plate of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 15mm, and the thickness of the bottom plate of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 20mm. The rectangular opening size of the bin door of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 170*170mm. In addition to the partitions of the residual pole bin and the new pole bin, the side walls and top plates of the bin body and the inner side of the bin door are laid with 30mm thick ceramic fiber insulation cotton. The contact surface size of the aluminum guide rod with the new pole carbon block and the residual pole carbon is 150*150mm, and the diameter of the circular opening at the upper end of the aluminum guide rod is 50mm, 100mm away from the end of the guide rod. The third heat exchanger is located below the positive projection of the first storage bin and the second storage bin. The size of the third heat exchanger in contact with the first bottom plate of the first storage bin is 1500*650mm, the size of the third heat exchanger in contact with the second bottom plate of the second storage bin is 1750*750mm, the height of the third heat exchanger is 50mm, the diameter of the third heat exchange pipeline is 25mm, the distance between the third heat exchange pipeline and the bottom of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 10mm, and the ratio of the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline to the third heat exchange area of ​​the third heat exchanger is 50%. The first heat exchange medium is paraffin, the second heat exchange medium is sodium carbonate and lithium carbonate with a filling weight ratio of 48:52, and the outer surface of the third heat exchanger is insulated with 30mm ceramic fiber wool. The negative pressure of the first storage bin is 15Pa. Through the corresponding adjustment of the above parameters, when the original residual pole temperature is 955℃ and the new pole temperature is 20℃, the temperature monitoring equipment detects that the residual pole temperature drops to 205℃, and the new anode temperature is 197℃, and the new pole can be replaced. Alternatively, the temperature monitoring device may detect that the temperature of the new electrode reaches the preset target temperature of 200°C and replace the new electrode. This realizes the compatibility and diversity of the heating of the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0071] Exemplarily, the first storage bin and the first storage bin contain 2 pieces of scrap poles and 2 pieces of new poles respectively. The size of the aluminum electrolysis scrap pole carbon block is 1500*1300*150mm, and the height of the new pole carbon block is 1750*1500*600mm. The thickness of the side walls and top plates of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 10mm, and the thickness of the bottom plates of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 20mm. The rectangular opening size of the bin doors of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 230*220mm. In addition to the scrap pole bin and the new pole bin partitions, the side walls and top plates of the bin body and the inner side of the bin door are covered with 30mm thick ceramic fiber insulation cotton. The contact surface size of the aluminum guide rod with the new pole carbon block and the scrap pole carbon is 210*220mm, and the diameter of the circular opening at the upper end of the aluminum guide rod is 50mm, 100mm away from the end of the guide rod. The third heat exchanger is located below the positive projection of the first storage bin and the second storage bin. The size of the third heat exchanger in contact with the first bottom plate of the first storage bin is 1500*1300mm, the size of the third heat exchanger in contact with the second bottom plate of the second storage bin is 1750*1500mm, the height of the third heat exchanger is 70mm, the diameter of the third heat exchange pipeline is 30mm, the distance between the third heat exchange pipeline and the bottom of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 15mm, and the ratio of the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline to the third heat exchange area of ​​the third heat exchanger is 70%. The first heat exchange medium is n-eicosane, the second heat exchange medium is sodium carbonate and lithium carbonate with a filling weight ratio of 35:65, and the outer surface of the third heat exchanger is insulated with 30mm ceramic fiber wool. The negative pressure of the first storage bin is 20Pa. Through the corresponding adjustment of the above parameters, when the original residual pole temperature is 970℃ and the new pole temperature is 20℃, the temperature monitoring equipment detects that the residual pole temperature drops to 210℃, and the new anode temperature is 205℃, and the new pole can be replaced. Alternatively, the temperature monitoring device may detect that the temperature of the new electrode reaches the preset target temperature of 450°C and replace the new electrode. This realizes the compatibility and diversity of the heating of the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0072] Exemplarily, the first storage bin accommodates 2 pieces of residual poles, and the second storage bin accommodates 1 piece of new pole. The size of the aluminum electrolysis residual pole carbon block is 1500*650*150mm, and the height of the new pole carbon block is 1750*750*600mm. The thickness of the side walls and top plates of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 10mm, and the thickness of the bottom plates of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 20mm. The rectangular opening size of the bin doors of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 170*170mm. In addition to the partitions of the residual pole bin and the new pole bin, the side walls and top plates of the bin body and the inner side of the bin door are covered with 20mm thick ceramic fiber insulation cotton. The contact surface size of the aluminum guide rod with the new pole carbon block and the residual pole carbon is 150*150mm, and the diameter of the circular opening at the upper end of the aluminum guide rod is 50mm, 100mm away from the end of the guide rod. The third heat exchanger is located below the orthographic projection of the first storage bin and the second storage bin. The size of the third heat exchanger in contact with the first bottom plate of the first storage bin is 1500*1300mm, the size of the third heat exchanger in contact with the second bottom plate of the second storage bin is 1750*1500mm, the height of the third heat exchanger is 100mm, the diameter of the third heat exchange pipeline is 35mm, the distance between the third heat exchange pipeline and the bottom of the first storage bin and the second storage bin is 5mm, and the ratio of the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline to the third heat exchange area of ​​the third heat exchanger is 90%. The first heat exchange medium is palmitic acid, and the second heat exchange medium is lithium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate with a filling weight ratio of 22:62:16. The outer surface of the third heat exchanger is insulated with 30mm ceramic fiber wool. The negative pressure of the first storage bin is 20Pa. Through the corresponding adjustment of the above parameters, when the original residual anode temperature is 970℃ and the new anode temperature is 20℃, the temperature monitoring device detects that the residual anode temperature drops to 210℃ and the new anode temperature is 205℃, and a new anode can be replaced. Alternatively, the temperature monitoring device detects that the new anode temperature reaches the preset target temperature of 450℃ and a new anode can be replaced. This realizes the compatibility and diversity of the heating of the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0073] It should be noted that the diameters of the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchanger can be set according to the preset target temperature of the new pole actually required. The larger the diameter of the heat exchange pipeline, the larger the heat exchange contact area between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium, the faster the heat transfer speed, and the higher the preset efficiency of the new pole. The heat exchange pipeline can be centrally arranged inside the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, or it can be arranged close to one side of the new pole or the residual pole, ensuring that the second heat exchange medium completely wraps the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline, so that the second heat exchange medium is completely melted during the cyclic heat exchange process, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium.

[0074] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for preheating an anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell is provided, which is applied to an anode preheating device of an aluminum electrolysis cell as in the first aspect. Figure 5A schematic flow chart of a method for preheating an anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating method includes:

[0075] S101: Place the remaining poles and new poles into a first containing bin and a second containing bin respectively.

[0076] Exemplarily, the doors of the first storage bin and the second storage bin are opened respectively, the residual pole and the new pole pulled out from the electrolytic cell are hoisted into the first storage bin and the second storage bin respectively, and after they are placed stably, the doors of the first storage bin and the second storage bin are closed.

[0077] S102: Control the first heat exchange medium to circulate in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline, so that the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium perform cyclic heat exchange, so as to transfer the heat released by the residual pole to the new pole.

[0078] Exemplarily, the first heat exchange medium is controlled to circulate in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline. The first heat exchange medium collects the heat of the residual pole inside the first heat exchanger. Through the circulation of the first heat exchange medium, the first heat exchange medium transfers the collected heat of the residual pole to the first heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger transfers the heat to the new pole. In the first heat exchanger, since the residual pole transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium, the high-temperature heat energy collected by the second heat exchange medium causes the second heat exchange medium to change from a solid state to a molten state. The second heat exchange medium in the molten state quickly transfers the high-temperature heat energy to the first heat exchange medium in the room temperature state. As the temperature of the residual pole decreases, the temperature of the second heat exchange medium drops to solidification, releasing a large amount of high-temperature heat energy. The sensible heat and latent heat process of the second heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger can prolong the time for the residual pole to continue high-temperature heat dissipation, which can also be understood as the residual pole maintaining high-temperature heat dissipation for a long time. Through the third heat exchange pipeline, by accelerating the flow rate of the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline of the third heat exchanger, the heat exchange rate between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger is further accelerated. As the first heat exchange medium circulates, in the second heat exchanger, the first heat exchange medium transfers heat to the second heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange medium quickly transfers the collected high-temperature heat energy to the new pole at room temperature. The sensible heat and latent heat process of the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger can extend the time for the new pole to continue high-temperature preheating, which can also be understood as the new pole maintaining a long period of high-temperature preheating.

[0079] The aluminum electrolytic cell anode preheating method provided in the embodiment of the present application utilizes the temperature difference between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium to realize the sensible heat and latent heat process of the phase change heat storage material, and further accelerates the heat exchange rate between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger by accelerating the flow rate of the first heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange pipeline of the third heat exchanger, and then combines the first heat exchange medium to circulate and release heat in the heat exchange pipeline, so that the residual heat of the residual pole is efficiently recovered and fully applied to the heating of the new pole. Circulating heat exchange is performed by combining heat transfer methods such as thermal radiation, thermal convection, and thermal conduction, while maintaining the continuous high-temperature heating of the new pole, the heat transfer efficiency of the residual pole is improved, the time consumed for preheating the new pole is reduced, and the preheating efficiency of the new pole is improved.

[0080] In some embodiments, Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of another aluminum electrolysis cell anode preheating method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, in the case where the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell is provided with a negative pressure device, a thermal energy circulation device and a temperature monitoring device, after the residual anode and the new anode are placed in the first containing bin and the second containing bin respectively, the method further includes:

[0081] S103: Turn on the negative pressure device to control the pressure in the first containing chamber to be lower than the external pressure of the first containing chamber.

[0082] Exemplarily, the negative pressure device is connected to the first storage bin quick interface. The negative pressure device is turned on, and the pressure in the first storage bin is controlled to be less than the external pressure of the first storage bin, and the pressure in the first storage bin is set to be greater than or equal to 10 Pa. The pressure in the first storage bin is controlled to be less than the external pressure of the first storage bin so that the high-temperature harmful gas in the first storage bin is discharged from the first storage bin, and the harmful gas is processed to reduce the time that the smoke stays in the first storage bin to avoid danger to the health of production personnel.

[0083] S104: Start the thermal energy circulation equipment to control the heat exchange rate of the first heat exchange medium.

[0084] S105: Turn on the temperature monitoring device to monitor the temperature of the residual pole and the new pole to control the replacement of the residual pole and / or the new pole.

[0085] Exemplarily, the heat exchange rate of the first heat exchange medium can be increased by turning on the thermal energy circulation equipment and controlling the circulation flow rate of the first heat exchange medium. At the same time, the temperature detection device is turned on. When the temperature difference between the residual pole and the new pole is less than 10°C, the second temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm and other signals, and the overhead crane lifts the residual pole out of the first storage bin and replaces it with a hot residual pole. When the temperature of the new pole reaches the preset target temperature, the second temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm and other signals, and the overhead crane lifts the new pole out and puts it in the rear tank and replaces it with a new pole. The temperature of the residual pole and the new pole is monitored in real time by the temperature monitoring device to achieve rapid replacement of the residual pole and the new pole, thereby improving the working efficiency of the anode preheating device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0086] In some embodiments, the numbers of residual poles and new poles contained in the first containing chamber and the second containing chamber are different, and the corresponding negative pressure settings are different.

[0087] Exemplarily, when the first storage bin and the second storage bin contain one residual anode and one new anode respectively, the temperature of the residual anode placed in the first storage bin is 955°C, and the temperature of the new anode placed in the second storage bin is 20°C. The negative pressure of the first storage bin is controlled to be 15Pa, and the temperatures of the residual anode and the new anode are monitored simultaneously. When the residual anode temperature drops to 205°C, the temperature of the new anode is measured to be 197°C, and the temperature difference between the residual anode and the new anode is less than 10°C. The second temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the residual anode is hoisted out of the residual anode bin and replaced with a hot residual anode. When the temperature of the new anode reaches the preset target temperature of 400°C, the anode temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the new anode is hoisted out and put into the tank and replaced with a new anode.

[0088] When the first storage bin and the second storage bin contain two pieces of residual poles and two pieces of new poles respectively, the temperature of the residual pole placed in the first storage bin is 970°C, and the temperature of the new pole placed in the second storage bin is 20°C. The negative pressure of the first storage bin is controlled to be 15Pa, and the temperature of the residual pole and the new pole is monitored at the same time. When the temperature of the residual pole drops to 210°C, the temperature of the new anode is measured to be 201°C, and the temperature difference between the residual pole and the new pole is less than 10°C. The second temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the residual pole is hoisted out of the residual pole bin and replaced with a hot residual pole. When the temperature of the new pole reaches the preset target temperature of 450°C, the anode temperature monitoring device sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the new pole is hoisted out and put into the tank and replaced with a new pole.

[0089] When the first storage bin contains two pieces of residual anodes and the second storage bin contains one piece of new anode, the temperature of the residual anode placed in the first storage bin is 950°C, and the temperature of the new anode placed in the second storage bin is 20°C. The negative pressure of the first storage bin is controlled to be 25Pa, and the temperature of the residual anode and the new anode are monitored simultaneously. When the temperature of the residual anode drops to 320°C, the temperature of the new anode is measured to be 312°C, and the temperature difference between the residual anode and the new anode is less than 10°C. The anode temperature monitoring system sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the residual anode is hoisted out of the residual anode bin and replaced with a hot residual anode. When the temperature of the new anode reaches the preset target temperature of 480°C, the anode temperature monitoring system sends out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the new anode is hoisted out and put into the tank and replaced with a new anode.

[0090] In some embodiments, Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an anode heat exchange piping arrangement for an aluminum electrolysis cell provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the first heat exchange pipe 5 is arranged outside the residual pole, the second heat exchange pipe 6 is arranged outside the new pole, and the third heat exchange pipe 23 is arranged at the position of the positive projection of the residual pole and the new pole. The third heat exchange pipe 23 is connected to the heat circulation device 24, and the heat exchange circulation device drives the first heat exchange medium to circulate inside the first heat exchange pipe 5, the second heat exchange pipe 6 and the third heat exchange pipe 23. The flow rate of the first heat exchange medium can be controlled by the thermal energy circulation device. The faster the circulation speed of the first heat exchange medium driven by the thermal energy circulation device, the faster the heat transfer rate between the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium, the shorter the time for the new pole to reach the preset target temperature, and the higher the heating efficiency of the new pole.

[0091] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0092] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0093] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0094] Although the preferred embodiments of this specification have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of this specification.

[0095] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to this specification without departing from the spirit and scope of this specification. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this specification fall within the scope of the claims of this specification and their equivalents, this specification is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An anode preheating device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: include: a first containing chamber, wherein a first heat exchanger is disposed in the first containing chamber, and the first heat exchanger is used to contain the residual poles; a second containing chamber, wherein a second heat exchanger is disposed in the second containing chamber, and the second heat exchanger is used to contain a new electrode; A third heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger is connected to the bottom plate of the first containing bin, and the third heat exchanger is connected to the bottom plate of the second containing bin; A heat exchange pipeline, the heat exchange pipeline comprising a first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a third heat exchange pipeline, the first heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the third heat exchanger, one end of the third heat exchange pipeline is connected to the first heat exchange pipeline, and the other end is connected to the second heat exchange pipeline; The heat exchange pipeline contains a first heat exchange medium, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are all provided with a second heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline.

2. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first side plate and the first bottom plate of the first heat exchanger form a first accommodating space, and the first accommodating space is used to accommodate the residual pole; The second side plate and the second bottom plate of the second heat exchanger form a second accommodation space, and the second accommodation space is used to accommodate the new pole; The third heat exchange plate of the third heat exchanger is connected to the first bottom plate of the first accommodating space; The third heat exchange plate of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second bottom plate of the second accommodating space.

3. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the first heat exchange pipelines are laid on the first side plate and the first bottom plate; A plurality of the second heat exchange pipelines are laid on the second side plate and the second bottom plate; A plurality of the third heat exchange pipelines are laid on the third heat exchange plate.

4. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchange pipeline is arranged in a coil around the first accommodation space and the second accommodation space.

5. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first storage bin is provided with a first top plate, a first bin door and a first bin body, the first bin body includes a first bin body side wall and a first bin body bottom plate, the first top plate is provided with the first bin door, the first bin door is sealedly connected to the first top plate, and the first top plate is connected to the first bin body side wall; The second storage bin is provided with a second top plate, a second bin door, and a second bin body, the second bin body includes a second bin body side wall and a second bin body bottom plate, the second top plate is provided with the second bin door, the second bin door is sealedly connected to the second top plate, and the second top plate is connected to the second bin body side wall; The first storage bin is provided with a heat insulating material, and / or the second storage bin is provided with a heat insulating material; The thickness of the first bin body side wall and the second bin body side wall ranges from 5 to 10 mm; The thickness of the first top plate and the second top plate ranges from 5 to 10 mm; The thickness of the first bin body bottom plate and the second bin body bottom plate ranges from 15 to 30 mm; The thickness of the thermal insulation material ranges from 20 to 50 mm.

6. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first containing chamber contains a plurality of the anode butts; and / or, The second containing bin contains a plurality of the new poles.

7. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the laying area of ​​the third heat exchange pipeline to the third heat exchange area of ​​the third heat exchanger is greater than or equal to 50%, wherein the third heat exchange area is the contact area of ​​the third heat exchanger with the sum of the bottom plate of the first storage bin and the bottom plate of the second storage bin.

8. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A negative pressure device is connected to the first containing chamber via a quick interface, and the negative pressure device is used to form a negative pressure in the first containing chamber.

9. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The temperature monitoring device comprises a first temperature monitoring device and a second temperature monitoring device, wherein the first temperature monitoring device is arranged in the first containing bin, and the second temperature monitoring device is arranged in the second containing bin.

10. The anode preheating device for aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A thermal energy circulation device, wherein the thermal energy circulation device is connected to the third heat exchange pipeline, and the thermal energy circulation device is used to drive the first heat exchange medium to circulate in the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline.

Images