Reaction kettle for recycling retired lithium battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reaction kettle for recycling retired lithium batteries, which comprises a reaction tank for storing solution or slurry; a first stirring paddle of the stirrer is arranged in the reaction tank, the height of the first stirring paddle is equal to or lower than the liquid level of the solution or the slurry, and the height difference between the first stirring paddle and the liquid level of the solution or the slurry is within a preset range; the ultrasonic generator is arranged on the first stirring paddle and is used for emitting ultrasonic vibration sound waves; at least part of the liquid level meter is arranged in the reaction tank, and the liquid level meter is used for detecting the liquid level of the solution or the slurry; the control system is connected to the liquid level meter and the ultrasonic generator, and the control system is used for receiving the detection result of the liquid level meter and adjusting the opening and closing state of the ultrasonic generator. The liquid level of a solution or slurry in the reaction tank can be measured through the liquid level meter, a detection result is transmitted to the control system, and when the liquid level height is larger than or equal to the height of the first stirring paddle, the ultrasonic generator is started, and the defoaming effect can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery waste recycling, and more specifically to a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] Battery powder has a complex composition. In addition to positive electrode powder, there are also impurities such as negative electrode porous carbon powder and electrolyte organic polymer. Porous carbon is easy to float, and organic matter also floats on the liquid surface, which is easy to produce oil film. Therefore, when stirring, air is stirred into the carbon and oil film to form foam that is difficult to dissipate. In addition, the chemical reactions that occur during the leaching process will produce various gases (sulfuric acid leaching produces O2, hydrochloric acid leaching produces Cl2, aluminum copper foil replacement produces H2, hydrogen peroxide decomposition, etc.), which further aggravates the foam problem during leaching.

[0003] In addition, the use of ammonium bicarbonate as an impurity remover in the process of removing impurities after leaching of waste batteries can avoid the introduction of sodium, but it will decompose into ammonia and carbon dioxide during the reaction, resulting in severe foaming problems. The use of ammonium bicarbonate as a pH adjuster in the process of recovering lithium to prepare lithium phosphate precipitation will also cause severe foaming problems.

[0004] There are problems caused by foam in different process stages of battery waste recycling. Foam can cause the reaction liquid to overflow the reactor, resulting in waste of raw materials; it can cause insufficient collision between raw materials and auxiliary materials, resulting in extended reaction cycle and poor recycling effect; in addition, it will also cause component wear and even failure, and reduced product quality.

[0005] In summary, how to solve the foam problem existing during the recovery reaction is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries. The reaction tank of the reactor is provided with an agitator, and the agitator is provided with an ultrasonic generator. The liquid level of the solution or slurry in the reaction tank is detected by a liquid level meter, and the detection result is transmitted to the control system. The control system compares the detection result with the preset value and turns on the ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic vibration sound waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator can fully defoam.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries, comprising:

[0009] Reaction tank, used to store solution or slurry;

[0010] A stirrer, wherein a first stirring paddle is disposed in the reaction tank, wherein the height of the first stirring paddle is the same as the liquid level of the solution or slurry or the height of the first stirring paddle is lower than the liquid level of the solution or slurry and the height difference between the first stirring paddle and the first stirring paddle is within a preset range;

[0011] An ultrasonic generator, provided on the first stirring paddle, and used for emitting ultrasonic vibration sound waves;

[0012] A liquid level meter, at least partially disposed in the reaction tank, and used to detect the liquid level of the solution or slurry;

[0013] A control system is connected to the liquid level meter and the ultrasonic generator, and the control system is used to receive the detection result of the liquid level meter and to adjust the on / off state of the ultrasonic generator.

[0014] Preferably, the first stirring paddle includes a pair of blades, a plurality of ultrasonic generators are provided, and at least one ultrasonic generator is provided on each of the blades.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a pH detection device, which is arranged in the reaction tank and inserted into the reaction tank, and the pH detection device is connected to the control system. The agitator also includes a stirring rod, a motor and a second stirring paddle. The control system is connected to the motor, and the first stirring paddle and the second stirring paddle are both fixed to the stirring rod. The stirring rod is connected to the output end of the motor, and the second stirring paddle is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank.

[0016] Preferably, the pH detection device is a multi-point pH meter provided with a plurality of detection heads, the plurality of detection heads are all arranged on the inner wall of the reaction tank, and the plurality of detection heads are evenly distributed along the depth of the reaction tank.

[0017] Preferably, the reaction tank is provided with a waste material inlet for adding materials into the reaction tank, and the lower end of the reaction tank is provided with a recovery liquid outlet for discharging the solution or slurry.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a jet feed inlet, which is arranged above the reaction tank, and the maximum angle of the jet range of the jet feed inlet is 270°.

[0019] Preferably, the recovery liquid outlet is connected to the injection feed port through a liquid recovery pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the injection feed port is used to communicate with a liquid supply device, and a flow meter and a regulating valve combination device is provided on the injection feed port, and the flow meter and the regulating valve combination device is connected to the control system.

[0021] Preferably, a kettle bottom device is provided between the agitator and the recovery liquid outlet, the kettle bottom device is detachably connected to the reaction tank, the kettle bottom device comprises a microporous filter plate, the microporous filter plate is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the reaction tank and is used to filter the solution or slurry in the reaction tank.

[0022] Preferably, a pump is provided at the recovery liquid outlet.

[0023] The utility model provides a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries, wherein the reaction tank is used to store solution or slurry, the first stirring paddle of the stirrer is arranged in the reaction tank, the solution or slurry in the reaction tank can be stirred by the stirrer, the first stirring paddle is provided with an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator can emit ultrasonic vibration sound waves, the ultrasonic vibration sound waves can efficiently break the bubbles brought by the reaction process, the ultrasonic vibration sound waves are also beneficial to promote the diffusion of materials and thus improve the micro-mixing effect, in addition, the ultrasonic cavitation effect is beneficial to break through the energy barrier and promote the reaction, the reaction tank is also provided with a liquid level meter partially located in the tank, the liquid level meter can measure the liquid level of the solution or slurry in the reaction tank, and transmit the detection result to the control system, when the liquid level position is the same as the first stirring paddle or higher than the preset range of the first stirring paddle, the ultrasonic generator on the first stirring paddle is turned on to break the foam that is difficult to eliminate due to the existence of the oil film. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries provided by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A top view of a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries provided by the utility model.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 1- agitator; 2- ultrasonic generator; 3- waste inlet; 4- kettle bottom device; 5- microporous filter plate; 6- recovery liquid outlet; 7- liquid level meter; 8- pH detection device; 9- injection feed port; 10- flow meter and regulating valve combination device; 11- pump; 12- liquid recovery pipe; 13- reaction tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] The core of the utility model is to provide a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries, which can effectively solve the foam problem caused by recycling.

[0031] It should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0032] The present application provides a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries, comprising: a reaction tank 13, an agitator 1, an ultrasonic generator 2, a liquid level meter 7 and a control system;

[0033] The reaction tank 13 is used to store the solution or slurry;

[0034] The first stirring paddle of the stirrer 1 is arranged in the reaction tank 13, and the height of the first stirring paddle is the same as the liquid level of the solution or slurry, or the height of the first stirring paddle is lower than the liquid level of the solution or slurry, and the height difference between the two is within a preset range;

[0035] The ultrasonic generator 2 is arranged on the first stirring paddle, and the ultrasonic generator 2 is used to emit ultrasonic vibration sound waves;

[0036] The liquid level meter 7 is at least partially disposed in the reaction tank 13, and the liquid level meter 7 is used to detect the liquid level of the solution or slurry;

[0037] The control system is connected to the liquid level meter 7 and the ultrasonic generator 2 , and is used to receive the detection result of the liquid level meter 7 and to adjust the on / off state of the ultrasonic generator 2 .

[0038] Specifically, the reaction pool 13 is a cylindrical structure, and the reaction pool 13 is provided with a stirrer 1 inserted into the pool. The stirrer 1 is used to stir the solution or slurry in the reaction pool 13. An ultrasonic generator 2 is also provided on the first stirring paddle of the stirrer 1. The ultrasonic generator 2 can emit ultrasonic vibration sound waves, and the bubbles brought in the reaction process are efficiently broken by ultrasonic vibration sound waves. Ultrasonic vibration is conducive to promoting the diffusion of materials and thus improving the microscopic mixing effect. In addition, ultrasonic cavitation is conducive to breaking through energy barriers and promoting the progress of the reaction. A liquid level meter 7 is also provided on the reaction pool 13. The liquid level meter 7 is a sensor, which is mainly used to detect the situation and liquid level of the foam in the reaction pool 13. The liquid level meter 7 transmits the detection result to the control system. When the liquid level of the solution or slurry is the same as the height of the first stirring paddle or slightly higher than the height of the first stirring paddle, the control system controls the ultrasonic generator 2 to turn on, and the foam that is difficult to eliminate due to the presence of the oil film is broken by ultrasonic vibration waves. When the liquid level of the solution or slurry is the same as the height of the first stirring paddle, the ultrasonic generator 2 provided on the first stirring paddle can directly contact the foam, thereby greatly improving the defoaming rate.

[0039] It is worth noting that the liquid level of the solution or slurry includes the foam on the surface of the solution or slurry.

[0040] In some embodiments, the height of the first stirring paddle is lower than the liquid surface of the solution or slurry and the height difference between the two is ≤0.3h, where h refers to the height of the reaction tank, so as to improve the defoaming rate of the ultrasonic generator 2 set on the first stirring paddle.

[0041] Specifically, the first stirring paddle includes at least one paddle, and at least one ultrasonic generator 2 is provided on the paddle. When the power of a single ultrasonic generator 2 is large enough, sufficient defoaming can be achieved.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first stirring paddle includes a pair of blades, and each blade is provided with at least one ultrasonic generator 2 .

[0043] Specifically, in order to achieve uniform stirring of the solution or slurry, the first stirring paddle includes a pair of blades, and the number of ultrasonic generators 2 should be determined according to their specific power. When the power of a single ultrasonic generator 2 is large enough, a single ultrasonic generator 2 is provided on one blade of the first stirring paddle to achieve sufficient defoaming.

[0044] On the basis of the above embodiment, it also includes a pH detection device 8, which is arranged in the reaction tank 13 and inserted into the reaction tank 13, and the pH detection device 8 is connected to the control system. The agitator 1 includes a stirring rod, a motor, a first stirring paddle and a second stirring paddle. The control system is connected to the motor, the first stirring paddle and the second stirring paddle are both fixed to the stirring rod, the stirring rod is connected to the output end of the motor, and the second stirring paddle is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank 13.

[0045] Specifically, a pH detection device 8 is also provided on the reaction tank 13. The detection head of the pH detection device 8 is inserted into the reaction tank 13 to detect the pH value in the reaction tank 13. The pH detection device 8 transmits the detection result to the control system in the form of an electrical signal. The control system adjusts the stirring rate of the agitator 1 according to the pH value, and reduces the stirring rate after the pH value stabilizes, which can reduce energy consumption. In addition, the pH value detected by the pH detection device 8 can be used to directly determine whether the reaction end point in the reaction tank 13 has been reached, without the need for separate sampling and detection.

[0046] The stirring rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the motor is connected to the control system, and the output power of the motor is controlled by the control system. The ultrasonic generator 2 is connected to the control system, and the number of ultrasonic generators 2 turned on can be controlled by the control system, so as to ensure that the energy consumption of ultrasonic vibration is reduced as much as possible without overflowing the tank. Due to the existence of the oil film, the foam is mainly on the surface of the slurry. The ultrasonic generating device 2 is arranged on a pair of the stirring paddles near the injection feed port 9, which has a better defoaming effect. If it is arranged on the lower stirring paddle, the defoaming effect of the ultrasonic sounding device 5 is limited, and it may cause the foaming rate to increase, so that more bubbles are generated on the surface of the slurry.

[0047] Optionally, the first stirring paddle may be movable along the length direction of the stirring rod so as to adjust the position of the first stirring paddle according to the content of the solution or slurry.

[0048] In some embodiments, the pH detection device 8 is a multi-point pH meter with multiple detection heads, the multiple detection heads are all arranged on the inner wall of the reaction tank 13, and the multiple detection heads are evenly distributed along the depth of the reaction tank 13.

[0049] Specifically, the outer wall of the reaction tank 13 is also provided with a protective layer, and the pH detection device 8 is arranged between the outer wall of the reaction tank 13 and the protective layer. The multiple detection heads of the pH detection device 8 are evenly distributed along the depth of the reaction tank 13, and the pH values ​​of solutions or slurries at different depths can be detected. In some embodiments, when the pH difference at different points is greater than 0.1, the pH detection device 8 sends an electrical signal to the control system to automatically increase the speed of the agitator 1 to ensure that the pH inside the system is uniform. When the pH is less than 0.1, the pH detection device 8 also sends an electrical signal to the control system to automatically reduce the speed of the agitator 1 to reduce energy consumption.

[0050] In some embodiments, the reaction tank 13 is provided with a waste material inlet 3 for adding materials into the reaction tank 13 , and the lower end of the reaction tank 13 is provided with a recovery liquid outlet 6 for discharging a solution or slurry.

[0051] Specifically, the waste inlet 3 is used to add waste positive electrode powder, black powder, slurry after waste slurrying, etc. into the reaction tank 13. The solution or slurry after the reaction is completed is discharged from the recovery liquid outlet 6. A valve is provided on the recovery liquid outlet 6. During the reaction, the valve is closed to prevent the unreacted liquid from flowing out. After the reaction is completed, the outlet valve is opened for liquid discharge.

[0052] Optionally, a cover may be provided above the reaction tank 13, and the agitator 1 may be provided on the cover. The cover may prevent the solution or slurry from splashing out, and the waste inlet 3 may also be provided on the cover.

[0053] On the basis of the above embodiment, it further comprises a jet feed port 9, which is arranged above the reaction tank 13, and the maximum angle of the jet range of the jet feed port 9 is 270°.

[0054] Specifically, the addition of solution or slurry can be achieved through the injection feed port 9. The 270° spray port design expands the direct contact area between the feed liquid and the material. On the one hand, it greatly promotes the dispersion effect of the reaction reagents in the reactor before the reaction. On the other hand, the sprayed droplets can break the bubble film and improve the defoaming performance.

[0055] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the recovery liquid outlet 6 is connected to the injection feed port 9 through the liquid recovery pipe 12 .

[0056] Specifically, a kettle bottom pipeline is provided at the bottom of the reaction tank 13, and the end of the kettle bottom pipeline is a recovery liquid outlet 6. A three-way valve is provided on the kettle bottom pipeline. The three ports corresponding to the three-way valve are the reaction tank 13, the recovery liquid outlet 6 and the liquid recovery pipe 12. The solution or slurry can be controlled by the three-way valve to flow to the recovery liquid outlet 6 or the liquid reflux pipe 12. When a recovery reaction is carried out in the reaction tank 13, the valve corresponding to the recovery liquid outlet 6 is closed, the valve at the connection between the liquid reflux pipe 12 and the kettle bottom pipeline is opened, and the valve connected to the liquid recovery pipe 12 and the injection feed port 9 is opened. The liquid in the reaction tank 13 can flow into the injection feed port 9 through the liquid reflux pipe 12. On the one hand, part of the foam can be eliminated by injection, and on the other hand, the mixing effect in the reaction tank 13 is improved by back mixing.

[0057] On the basis of the above embodiment, the injection feed port 9 is used to communicate with the liquid supply device, and a flow meter and a regulating valve combined device 10 is provided on the injection feed port 9, and the flow meter and the regulating valve combined device 10 is connected to the control system.

[0058] Specifically, the liquid supply device is used to add acid and alkaline reagents into the reaction tank 13 to achieve the adjustment of the pH in the reaction tank 13. In addition, the injection feed port 9 is also connected to the liquid reflux pipe 12 to recycle the solution or slurry of the initial reaction in the reaction tank 13, that is, to circulate the solution or slurry. According to the detection value of the multi-point pH meter, the reagent flow rate is automatically controlled, thereby controlling the reaction pH in the reaction device.

[0059] On the basis of the above embodiment, a kettle bottom device 4 is provided between the lower end of the reaction tank 13 and the recovery liquid outlet 6. The kettle bottom device 4 is detachably connected to the reaction tank 13. The kettle bottom device 4 includes a microporous filter plate 5. The microporous filter plate 5 is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the reaction tank 13 and is used to filter the solution or slurry in the reaction tank 13.

[0060] Specifically, the lower end of the reaction tank 13 is provided with a detachable kettle bottom device 4 as the lower end surface of the reaction tank 13, and a microporous filter plate 5 is provided at the upper end of the kettle bottom device 4. In some embodiments, the pore size of the microporous filter plate 5 is 6 mm, the pore depth is 1 mm, and the filtration flux is high. The microporous filter plate 5 can be matched with a variety of filter membranes of different types and materials, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), mixed cellulose (MCE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and other microporous filter membranes, or filter cloth, filter paper and other consumables used for filtration, and matched with a removable guide plate and a collection plate to achieve seamless integration, achieve solid-liquid separation, and collect the filter residue. The kettle bottom device 4 is finally connected to the recovery liquid outlet 6 through a pipeline, and the recovery liquid enters the next step after passing through the outlet; after the reaction is completed, the kettle bottom device 4 is disassembled for cleaning or collecting the filter residue.

[0061] On the basis of the above embodiment, a pump 11 is provided at the recovery liquid outlet 6 .

[0062] Specifically, a pump 11 is provided on the pipeline for connecting the bottom device 4 with the recovery liquid outlet 6. The pump 11 pumps the solution or slurry toward the recovery liquid outlet 6 to ensure that the solution or slurry can be filtered smoothly, and is used to pump the solution or slurry to the injection feed port 9.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0064] The above is a detailed introduction to a reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries provided by the utility model. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the utility model, the utility model can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries, characterized in that: include: A reaction tank (13) for storing a solution or slurry; A stirrer (1), wherein a first stirring paddle is disposed in the reaction tank (13), wherein the height of the first stirring paddle is the same as the liquid level of the solution or slurry, or the height of the first stirring paddle is lower than the liquid level of the solution or slurry and the height difference between the first stirring paddle and the first stirring paddle is within a preset range; An ultrasonic generator (2), arranged on the first stirring paddle, the ultrasonic generator (2) being used to emit ultrasonic vibration sound waves; A liquid level meter (7), at least partially disposed in the reaction tank (13), the liquid level meter (7) being used to detect the liquid level of the solution or slurry; A control system is connected to the liquid level meter (7) and the ultrasonic generator (2), and the control system is used to receive the detection result of the liquid level meter (7) and to adjust the on / off state of the ultrasonic generator (2).

2. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stirring paddle comprises a pair of paddles, and each of the paddles is provided with at least one of the ultrasonic generators (2).

3. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a pH detection device (8), wherein the pH detection device (8) is arranged in the reaction tank (13) and inserted into the reaction tank (13), and the pH detection device (8) is connected to the control system. The agitator (1) also comprises a stirring rod, a motor and a second stirring paddle, and the control system is connected to the motor. The first stirring paddle and the second stirring paddle are both fixed to the stirring rod, and the stirring rod is connected to the output end of the motor. The second stirring paddle is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank (13).

4. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pH detection device (8) is a multi-point pH meter provided with a plurality of detection heads, wherein the plurality of detection heads are arranged on the inner wall of the reaction tank (13), and the plurality of detection heads are evenly distributed along the depth of the reaction tank (13).

5. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction tank (13) is provided with a waste material inlet (3) for adding materials into the reaction tank (13), and the lower end of the reaction tank (13) is provided with a recovery liquid outlet (6) for discharging the solution or slurry.

6. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a jet feed inlet (9), which is arranged above the reaction pool (13), and the maximum angle of the jet feed inlet (9) is 270°.

7. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The recovery liquid outlet (6) is connected to the injection feed port (9) via a liquid recovery pipe (12).

8. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The injection feed port (9) is used to communicate with the liquid supply device. A flow meter and a regulating valve combined device (10) is provided on the injection feed port (9). The flow meter and the regulating valve combined device (10) are connected to the control system.

9. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: A kettle bottom device (4) is provided between the lower end of the reaction tank (13) and the recovery liquid outlet (6); the kettle bottom device (4) is detachably connected to the reaction tank (13); the kettle bottom device (4) comprises a microporous filter plate (5); the microporous filter plate (5) is provided at the upper end of the kettle bottom device (4) and is used to filter the solution or slurry in the reaction tank (13).

10. The reactor for recycling retired lithium batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pump (11) is provided at the recovery liquid outlet (6).

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