Waste heat recovery and utilization device for garbage incineration slag and slag discharger

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of waste incineration waste heat recovery and utilization, and discloses a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device and a slag discharger, wherein the waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device includes a power module and a waste heat recovery module, a compression module and a waste heat utilization module that are cyclically connected in sequence, and the pipelines connected between the modules are filled with heat exchange medium, the power module is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module, the waste heat recovery module is used to absorb the heat in the surrounding gas, the compression module is used to compress the heat exchange medium, and the waste heat utilization module is used to release the heat in the heat exchange medium. In the utility model, the low-grade heat energy in the slag discharger is converted into high-grade heat energy and recycled through the waste heat recovery module, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste incineration waste heat, and at the same time, water vapor will not be directly discharged into the boiler room, reducing the consumption of water resources and the cost of equipment maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waste incineration waste heat recovery and utilization, in particular to a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device and a slag discharger. Background Art

[0002] In the process of waste incineration power generation, mechanical grate furnace is mainly used as the core equipment to treat waste. After incineration, the high-temperature slag produced is discharged through a specially designed slag discharger. The function of the slag discharger is to safely and effectively discharge the hot slag and cool it. During operation, in order to quickly cool the high-temperature slag, prevent heat loss from causing safety hazards, and to maintain the sealing performance of the slag discharger, cooling water must be continuously added to the slag discharger. After waste incineration, the slag is hot and red, and contains high heat energy. After being cooled by water in the slag discharger, it is pushed into the slag pit for storage. The cooling water in the slag discharger absorbs the heat of the slag and the temperature rises. The cooling water evaporates quickly, and it is necessary to continuously add water to keep the water level of the slag discharger higher than the minimum water level.

[0003] At present, there is no process for recycling the waste heat from the slag of the garbage grate furnace. After the cooling water absorbs the heat from the slag, the temperature rises and the evaporation rate is fast, which increases the consumption of water resources. In addition, the water vapor is directly discharged into the boiler room, which increases the humidity of the air near the slag discharger, causes serious corrosion of the equipment, and increases the cost of equipment maintenance. At the same time, the heat from the garbage incineration slag is absorbed by the cooling water and then directly discharged into the atmosphere, which reduces the utilization efficiency of the waste heat from garbage incineration. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model discloses a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device and a slag discharger, which are used to solve the technical problem of low waste incineration waste heat utilization efficiency.

[0005] The first aspect of the utility model provides a waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device and a slag discharger, comprising: a power module, a waste heat recovery module, a compression module and a waste heat utilization module;

[0006] The first working medium outlet of the waste heat recovery module is communicated with the first working medium inlet of the compression module, the second working medium outlet of the compression module is communicated with the second working medium inlet of the waste heat utilization module, the third working medium outlet of the waste heat utilization module is communicated with the third working medium inlet of the waste heat recovery module, and the pipelines communicating between the modules are filled with heat exchange working medium;

[0007] The power module is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module;

[0008] The waste heat recovery module is used to absorb heat from the surrounding gas;

[0009] The compression module is used to compress the heat exchange medium;

[0010] The waste heat utilization module is used to release the heat in the heat exchange medium.

[0011] Optionally, the waste heat recovery module includes a first waste heat recovery submodule and a second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0012] The first working medium outlet comprises a first working medium outlet provided on the first waste heat recovery submodule and a second working medium outlet provided on the second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0013] The third working medium inlet includes a first working medium inlet provided on the first waste heat recovery submodule and a second working medium inlet provided on the second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0014] The first waste heat recovery submodule is used to absorb heat from the gas in the slag discharge channel of the slag discharger;

[0015] The second waste heat recovery submodule is used to absorb heat from the gas in the water tank of the slag discharger.

[0016] Optionally, the first waste heat recovery submodule includes a first evaporator and a first cover shell for being arranged above the slag discharge channel;

[0017] The interior of the first cover shell is in communication with the interior of the slag discharge channel;

[0018] The first evaporator is provided with the first working proton outlet and the first working proton inlet;

[0019] The heat exchange tubes of the first evaporator are arranged in the first casing.

[0020] Optionally, the second waste heat recovery submodule includes a second evaporator and a second cover shell for being arranged above the water tank;

[0021] The interior of the second housing is in communication with the interior of the water tank;

[0022] The second evaporator is provided with the second working proton outlet and the second working proton inlet;

[0023] The heat exchange tubes of the second evaporator are arranged in the second casing.

[0024] Optionally, a storage module and a throttle valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline communicating between the third working medium outlet and the third working medium inlet;

[0025] The storage module is used to store the heat exchange medium after releasing heat in the waste heat utilization module;

[0026] The throttle valve is used to control the release amount of the heat exchange medium in the storage module.

[0027] Optionally, the waste heat utilization module includes a condenser and a first fan;

[0028] The condenser is provided with the second working medium inlet and the third working medium outlet;

[0029] The first fan is used to provide power for transporting the gas heated by the condenser to the waste incinerator.

[0030] Optionally, the power module includes an exhaust duct and a second fan;

[0031] The second fan is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module through the exhaust pipe;

[0032] An air-water separator is arranged at the air inlet of the exhaust duct.

[0033] Optionally, the air outlet of the second fan is connected to the cold air inlet of the power distribution room between the boilers.

[0034] A second aspect of the utility model provides a slag discharger, comprising a housing and a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device as described in any one of the above items;

[0035] A slag outlet for connecting the waste incinerator and the slag outlet inside the shell is arranged above the shell, a water tank for providing cooling water to the inside of the shell is arranged at the rear end of the shell, a slag outlet channel for connecting the inside of the shell and the outside is arranged at the front end of the shell, and a thrust head for pushing the slag from the waste incinerator to be discharged from the slag outlet channel is arranged inside the shell;

[0036] The waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device is used to absorb the heat of the gas in the slag discharger.

[0037] Optionally, the waste heat recovery module of the waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device includes a first waste heat recovery submodule and a second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0038] The first waste heat recovery submodule is arranged above the slag discharge channel;

[0039] The second waste heat recovery submodule is arranged above the water tank.

[0040] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the utility model has the following advantages:

[0041] The utility model provides a waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device and a slag discharger, wherein the waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device comprises a power module, a waste heat recovery module, a compression module and a waste heat utilization module, the first working fluid outlet of the waste heat recovery module is connected to the first working fluid inlet of the compression module, the second working fluid outlet of the compression module is connected to the second working fluid inlet of the waste heat utilization module, the third working fluid outlet of the waste heat utilization module is connected to the third working fluid inlet of the waste heat recovery module, the pipelines connected between the modules are filled with heat exchange working fluid, the power module is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module, the waste heat recovery module is used to absorb the heat in the surrounding gas, the compression module is used to compress the heat exchange working fluid, and the waste heat utilization module is used to release the heat in the heat exchange working fluid. In the utility model, the low-grade heat energy in the slag discharger is converted into high-grade heat energy and recycled through the waste heat recovery module, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste incineration waste heat, and at the same time, water vapor will not be directly discharged to the boiler room, reducing the consumption of water resources and the cost of equipment maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slag discharger with a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0044] Figure numerals: slag well 1, exhaust pipe 2, gas-water separator 3, first evaporator 4, water supply pipe 5, water tank 6, transmission arm 7, minimum water level line 8, hydraulic cylinder 9, thrust head 10, shell 11, slag discharge channel 12, slag discharge port 13, first cover shell 14, throttle valve 15, storage module 16, compression module 17, condenser 18, first fan 19, second evaporator 20, second cover shell 21, first fan 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The utility model discloses a device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from slag from a garbage incineration furnace and a slag discharging machine, which solves the technical problem of low waste heat utilization efficiency from garbage incineration.

[0046] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , the utility model provides a waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device and a slag discharger in the first embodiment, including: a power module, a waste heat recovery module, a compression module 17 and a waste heat utilization module;

[0050] The first working fluid outlet of the waste heat recovery module is connected to the first working fluid inlet of the compression module 17, the second working fluid outlet of the compression module 17 is connected to the second working fluid inlet of the waste heat utilization module, the third working fluid outlet of the waste heat utilization module is connected to the third working fluid inlet of the waste heat recovery module, and the pipelines connecting the modules are filled with heat exchange working fluid;

[0051] The power module is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module;

[0052] The waste heat recovery module is used to absorb heat from the surrounding gas;

[0053] The compression module 17 is used to compress the heat exchange medium;

[0054] The waste heat utilization module is used to release the heat in the heat exchange medium.

[0055] It can be understood that the power module can extract the high-temperature gas in the slag discharger and send it to the waste heat recovery module. Therefore, a blower, an exhaust fan and other equipment that can extract gas and a corresponding exhaust pipe 2 can be used; specifically, the power module includes an exhaust pipe 2 and a second fan 22, the air outlet of the exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the second fan 22, and the air inlet of the exhaust pipe 2 is arranged above the waste heat recovery module. The second fan 22 is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module through the exhaust pipe 2; an air-water separator 3 can be arranged at the air inlet of the exhaust pipe 2, and a part of the liquid water condensed in the waste heat recovery module is directly returned to the slag discharger, and the other part is captured by the air-water separator 3 and then refluxed into the slag discharger.

[0056] The waste heat recovery module can absorb heat from the surrounding gas, so that the heat exchange medium entering it is converted from liquid to gas. At the same time, the water vapor in the surrounding gas will condense and precipitate in the waste heat recovery module after absorbing heat and flow back into the slag discharger; the waste heat recovery module is preferably a direct contact evaporator, and its heat exchange pipe can be in direct contact with the airflow led to the surrounding area by the power module.

[0057] The compression module 17 can compress the heat exchange medium that has absorbed heat in the waste heat recovery module, thereby increasing its temperature and pressure, making it easier for the heat exchange medium to efficiently release heat in the subsequent waste heat utilization module; the compression module 17 can use a centrifugal, piston or scroll type compressor.

[0058] The waste heat utilization module can release the heat carried by the compressed heat exchange medium to the target medium and convert it into useful thermal energy; the waste heat utilization module can use a condenser 18, a heat exchanger or a water heater according to the needs of the boiler room.

[0059] In actual operation, the heat exchange medium in the pipeline is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the compression module 17, and the high-temperature gaseous heat exchange medium enters the waste heat utilization module for heat exchange and liquefies into high-pressure liquid; the high-pressure liquid heat exchange medium then enters the waste heat recovery module, evaporates and absorbs heat in the heat exchange tube of the waste heat recovery module, absorbs the heat of the evaporating water of the slag discharger, and converts into gaseous state; the gaseous heat exchange medium absorbs heat and returns to the compression module 17 to be compressed, forming a reciprocating thermodynamic cycle. At the same time, after the hot air extracted from the slag discharger by the power module is absorbed by the waste heat recovery module, the water vapor in the hot air is condensed into liquid water and flows back to the slag discharger, forming a water cycle between the slag discharger and the waste heat recovery module, reducing the water resource consumption of the slag discharger. In the utility model, the low-grade thermal energy in the slag discharger is converted into high-grade thermal energy and recycled through the waste heat recovery module, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste heat from waste incineration. At the same time, the water vapor generated by endothermic evaporation in the slag discharger is condensed in the waste heat recovery module and falls back into the slag discharger, and will not be directly discharged into the boiler room, thereby reducing the consumption of water resources and the cost of equipment maintenance.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the waste heat recovery module includes a first waste heat recovery submodule and a second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0061] The first working medium outlet includes a first working medium outlet provided on the first waste heat recovery submodule and a second working medium outlet provided on the second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0062] The third working medium inlet includes a first working medium inlet provided on the first waste heat recovery submodule and a second working medium inlet provided on the second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0063] The first waste heat recovery submodule is used to absorb the heat in the gas from the slag discharge channel 12 of the slag discharger;

[0064] The second waste heat recovery submodule is used to absorb heat from the gas in the water tank 6 of the slag discharger.

[0065] It should be noted that since the water level of the cooling water in the slag discharger must be maintained above the minimum water level line 8 to ensure good cooling of the slag and prevent air from leaking into the furnace of the incinerator from the slag drop well of the slag discharger, under the isolation of the cooling water, the slag discharge channel 12 in the slag discharger and the gas in the water tank 6 are respectively in two spaces that are not connected through the interior of the slag discharger. Therefore, it is necessary to set a waste heat recovery sub-module above the slag discharge channel 12 and the water tank 6 to improve the waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0066] Furthermore, the first waste heat recovery submodule includes a first evaporator 4 and a first cover shell 14 for being arranged above the slag discharge channel 12, the interior of the first cover shell 14 is connected to the interior of the slag discharge channel 12, the first evaporator 4 is provided with a first working proton outlet and a first working proton inlet, and the heat exchange tubes of the first evaporator 4 are arranged in the first cover shell 14.

[0067] Furthermore, the second waste heat recovery submodule includes a second evaporator 20 and a second cover shell 21 for being arranged above the water tank 6. The interior of the second cover shell 21 is connected to the interior of the water tank 6. The second evaporator 20 is provided with a second working proton outlet and a second working proton inlet. The heat exchange tubes of the second evaporator 20 are arranged in the second cover shell 21.

[0068] The exhaust pipe 2 of the power module is connected to the top of the cover, and the cover can collect the water vapor dissipated upward by the slag discharger and overflowed inside the cover.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, a storage module 16 and a throttle valve 15 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline connecting the third working medium outlet and the third working medium inlet, the storage module 16 is used to store the heat exchange working medium after releasing heat in the waste heat utilization module, and the throttle valve 15 is used to control the release amount of the heat exchange working medium in the storage module 16. The storage module 16 is specifically a liquid storage tank, and the high-temperature gaseous heat exchange working medium can be stored in the storage module 16 after entering the waste heat utilization module to undergo heat exchange and liquefy into high-pressure liquid; the throttle valve 15 can adjust the release amount from the storage module 16 to the waste heat recovery module.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the waste heat utilization module includes a condenser 18 and a first fan 1922. The condenser 18 is provided with a second working fluid inlet and a third working fluid outlet. The first fan 1922 is used to provide power for transporting the gas heated by the condenser 18 to the waste incinerator. The hot air heated by the condenser 18 can play a combustion-supporting role, improve the waste incineration conditions in the waste incinerator, save thermal energy of the power plant, and further improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat from waste incineration.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the air outlet of the second fan 22 is connected to the cold air inlet of the power distribution room between the boilers. The gas cooled in the waste heat recovery module can be drawn to the power distribution room of the power plant by the second fan 22 for cooling electrical equipment, saving the cooling power consumption of the power distribution room and further improving the utilization efficiency of waste heat from waste incineration.

[0072] See also Figure 1 , Embodiment 2 of the present utility model provides a slag discharger, comprising a housing 11 and a waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device as described in any of the above embodiments;

[0073] A slag outlet for connecting the waste incinerator and the slag outlet inside the shell 11 is arranged above the shell 11, a water tank 6 for providing cooling water to the inside of the shell 11 is arranged at the rear end of the shell 11, a slag outlet channel 12 for connecting the inside of the shell 11 and the outside is arranged at the front end of the shell 11, and a thrust head 10 for pushing the slag from the waste incinerator out of the slag outlet channel 12 is arranged inside the shell 11;

[0074] The waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery device is used to absorb the heat of the gas in the slag discharger.

[0075] It should be noted that the waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device does not change the slag discharge method of the slag discharger. The slag produced by waste incineration enters the shell 11 of the slag discharger from the slag well 1 at the slag outlet. The thrust head 10 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the transmission arm 7 to gradually push the slag through the slag discharge channel 12 to the slag outlet 13, so that the slag falls into the slag pit. During the operation of the slag discharger, water needs to be continuously replenished into the slag discharger through the water supply pipe 5 and the U-shaped water tank 6 to cool the slag and seal the boiler to prevent cold air from entering the furnace. In this process, the temperature of the slag is cooled from above 800°C to below 100°C, and the heat of the slag is absorbed by the cooling water and directly diffused into the air.

[0076] Furthermore, the waste heat recovery module of the waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device includes a first waste heat recovery submodule and a second waste heat recovery submodule;

[0077] The first waste heat recovery submodule is arranged above the slag discharge channel 12;

[0078] The second waste heat recovery submodule is arranged above the water tank 6 .

[0079] The above is a detailed introduction to a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery device and a slag discharger provided by the utility model. For a general technician in this field, according to the idea of ​​the embodiment of the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

Claims

1. A waste incineration slag waste heat recovery device, characterized in that: include: Power module, waste heat recovery module, compression module and waste heat utilization module; The first working medium outlet of the waste heat recovery module is communicated with the first working medium inlet of the compression module, the second working medium outlet of the compression module is communicated with the second working medium inlet of the waste heat utilization module, the third working medium outlet of the waste heat utilization module is communicated with the third working medium inlet of the waste heat recovery module, and the pipelines communicating between the modules are filled with heat exchange working medium; The power module is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module; The waste heat recovery module is used to absorb heat from the surrounding gas; The compression module is used to compress the heat exchange medium; The waste heat utilization module is used to release the heat in the heat exchange medium.

2. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery module includes a first waste heat recovery submodule and a second waste heat recovery submodule; The first working medium outlet comprises a first working medium outlet provided on the first waste heat recovery submodule and a second working medium outlet provided on the second waste heat recovery submodule; The third working medium inlet includes a first working medium inlet provided on the first waste heat recovery submodule and a second working medium inlet provided on the second waste heat recovery submodule; The first waste heat recovery submodule is used to absorb heat from the gas in the slag discharge channel of the slag discharger; The second waste heat recovery submodule is used to absorb heat from the gas in the water tank of the slag discharger.

3. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first waste heat recovery submodule includes a first evaporator and a first cover shell for being arranged above the slag discharge channel; The interior of the first cover shell is in communication with the interior of the slag discharge channel; The first evaporator is provided with the first working proton outlet and the first working proton inlet; The heat exchange tubes of the first evaporator are arranged in the first casing.

4. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second waste heat recovery submodule includes a second evaporator and a second cover shell for being arranged above the water tank; The interior of the second housing is in communication with the interior of the water tank; The second evaporator is provided with the second working proton outlet and the second working proton inlet; The heat exchange tubes of the second evaporator are arranged in the second casing.

5. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A storage module and a throttle valve are also sequentially arranged on the pipeline communicating between the third working medium outlet and the third working medium inlet; The storage module is used to store the heat exchange medium after releasing heat in the waste heat utilization module; The throttle valve is used to control the release amount of the heat exchange medium in the storage module.

6. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization module includes a condenser and a first fan; The condenser is provided with the second working medium inlet and the third working medium outlet; The first fan is used to provide power for transporting the gas heated by the condenser to the waste incinerator.

7. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module includes an exhaust duct and a second fan; The second fan is used to provide power for the gas in the slag discharger to pass through the waste heat recovery module through the exhaust pipe; An air-water separator is arranged at the air inlet of the exhaust duct.

8. The waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air outlet of the second fan is communicated with the cold air inlet of the power distribution room of the boiler room.

9. A slag discharger, characterized in that: It comprises a shell and a waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; A slag outlet for connecting the waste incinerator and the slag outlet inside the shell is arranged above the shell, a water tank for providing cooling water to the inside of the shell is arranged at the rear end of the shell, a slag outlet channel for connecting the inside of the shell and the outside is arranged at the front end of the shell, and a thrust head for pushing the slag from the waste incinerator to be discharged from the slag outlet channel is arranged inside the shell; The waste incineration furnace slag waste heat recovery and utilization device is used to absorb the heat of the gas in the slag discharger.

10. The slag discharger according to claim 9, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery module of the waste incineration slag waste heat recovery and utilization device includes a first waste heat recovery submodule and a second waste heat recovery submodule; The first waste heat recovery submodule is arranged above the slag discharge channel; The second waste heat recovery submodule is arranged above the water tank.

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