Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic module is provided with two first sides arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic module and two second sides arranged along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the side length ratio of the first sides to the second sides is more than 1.55 and less than 2; the side length of the first side is more than 1797 mm and less than 1996 mm; the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of battery pieces and a plurality of bypass diodes, and the value of the open-circuit voltage of the battery pieces connected with the bypass diodes in parallel is more than 12.24 V and less than 15V. According to the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the invention, the internal space of a container can be fully utilized during logistics transportation, the photovoltaic module can be more flexibly carried and installed, the photovoltaic module can be fully paved on a building, and compared with a photovoltaic module with a larger size, the photovoltaic module has excellent mechanical load performance such as wind uplift resistance. In addition, the risk of the hot spot effect is reduced, and the risk of fire accidents can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the photovoltaic field, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and environmentally friendly green energy product, photovoltaic modules are increasingly used in various fields of production and life, such as building integration and photovoltaic roof systems. As the number of application scenarios increases, the requirements for photovoltaic modules are also getting higher and higher. For example, if photovoltaic modules are installed on the roof of a building, due to the diversity of buildings and the environment in which the buildings are located, higher requirements are placed on the building size adaptability, mechanical load performance, and hot spot reliability of the modules.

[0003] In addition, as the market demand for photovoltaic modules grows, the need to reduce the transportation costs of photovoltaic modules is increasing.

[0004] Therefore, the industry needs to redesign existing photovoltaic modules to have better building size adaptability, mechanical load performance, and hot spot reliability, while reducing transportation costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system to solve the problem that existing photovoltaic modules are difficult to adapt to the size of buildings while meeting good mechanical load performance, high hot spot reliability and low transportation costs.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] The present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising two first sides arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, and two second sides arranged along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, wherein the ratio of the length of the first side to the second side is greater than 1.55 and less than 2;

[0008] The length of the first side is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1996 mm;

[0009] The photovoltaic module includes a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of bypass diodes.

[0010] The open circuit voltage of each battery cell connected in parallel with the bypass diode is greater than 12.24V and less than 15V.

[0011] Optionally, the side length ratio of the first side to the second side is greater than 1.58 and less than 1.76; and / or,

[0012] The length of the first side is greater than 1800 mm and less than 1994 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the number of battery cells connected in parallel with each bypass diode is 36-40.

[0014] Optionally, the photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic laminate and a frame installed on an edge of the photovoltaic laminate, and a thickness of a portion of the frame perpendicular to the photovoltaic module is greater than 1.1 mm and less than 1.6 mm.

[0015] Optionally, in the length direction, the plurality of cells are divided into two parts, the shortest distance between the edge of the first side of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the cell in the first part is d1, and the shortest distance between the edge of the same first side of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the cell in the second part is d2;

[0016] K<|d1-d2|<1, where K is the width of the interconnection strip in the photovoltaic module.

[0017] Optionally, in the length direction, the plurality of solar cells are divided into two parts, and the photovoltaic module further comprises a first busbar disposed at both ends of the photovoltaic module in the length direction, and a second busbar disposed in a gap between the two parts; wherein the ratio of the width of the second busbar to the width of the first busbar is greater than 1.7 and less than 2; and / or,

[0018] A ratio of the shortest distance between the edge of the first busbar and the edge of the battery cell to the shortest distance between the second busbar and the edge of the battery cell is greater than 0.8 and less than 1.

[0019] Optionally, in the length direction, the plurality of solar cells are divided into two parts, the photovoltaic module further comprises a back plate, the back plate is provided with three wire outlet holes, the three wire outlet holes are distributed in the gap between the two parts, the three wire outlet holes are arranged along the width direction, wherein the shape of the wire outlet hole located in the middle of the three wire outlet holes is different from the shape of the wire outlet holes located on both sides; and / or,

[0020] The outlet hole located in the middle of the three outlet holes has a long axis and a short axis that are perpendicular to each other, the long axis is parallel to the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the short axis is parallel to the length direction of the photovoltaic module; and / or,

[0021] The cross-sectional shape of the outlet hole located in the middle of the three outlet holes includes a first arc, a second arc, a third arc and a fourth arc, the first arc and the second arc are symmetrical with respect to the minor axis and are cocircular, and the third arc and the fourth arc are symmetrical with respect to the major axis and are coelliptical; and / or,

[0022] The battery sheet has a chamfered structure at a position close to the wire outlet hole.

[0023] Optionally, the ratio of the length of the major axis to the length of the minor axis is less than 1.5; and / or

[0024] The length of the major axis is greater than 12 mm and less than 18 mm; and / or the length of the minor axis is greater than 10 mm and less than 14 mm.

[0025] Optionally, the size of the first side is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1805 mm; or

[0026] The dimension of the first side is greater than 1957 mm and less than 1967 mm; or

[0027] The dimension of the first side is greater than 1989 mm and less than 1996 mm.

[0028] Optionally, the length of the battery cell is 96 mm ± 3 mm; or,

[0029] The length of the battery cell is 105 mm ± 3 mm; or

[0030] The width of the battery cell is 182.2 mm ± 5 mm.

[0031] Optionally, the number of main grids provided on each of the solar cells is greater than 16 and less than 20; and / or,

[0032] Each of the solar cells is provided with a plurality of main grids, and the number of the welding pads provided on each main grid is greater than 6 and less than 9; and / or,

[0033] The number of positive electrode fine grids provided on each of the battery cells is greater than 98 and less than 103; and / or,

[0034] The number of negative electrode fine grids provided on each of the battery cells is greater than 99 and less than 104; and / or,

[0035] A plurality of fine grids are arranged on each of the battery cells, and the distance between two adjacent fine grids with the same polarity is greater than 0.92 mm and less than 0.96 mm.

[0036] Optionally, the plurality of battery cells form a plurality of battery strings;

[0037] Along the width direction, the string spacing between two adjacent battery strings is greater than 0.8 mm and less than 2 mm; and / or,

[0038] Along the length direction, the spacing between two adjacent battery cells in the same battery string is greater than 0.5 mm and less than 2 mm; and / or,

[0039] The string spacing between two adjacent battery strings is greater than the cell spacing between two adjacent battery cells in the same battery string.

[0040] Optionally, the plurality of battery cells form a plurality of battery strings.

[0041] The length of the battery string is greater than 879.6 mm and less than 891.6 mm; or,

[0042] The length of the battery string is greater than 975.6 mm and less than 989.1 mm.

[0043] Optionally, the photovoltaic assembly further comprises a bus bar and an interconnection bar;

[0044] The width of the interconnection strip is greater than 0.4 mm and less than 1 mm; and / or,

[0045] The overlapping length of the interconnection bar and the bus bar is greater than 2.8 mm and less than 3.5 mm.

[0046] Optionally, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell are both on the backlight side of the battery cell.

[0047] The present application also provides a photovoltaic system, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic components as described above arranged in an array.

[0048] Optionally, the photovoltaic module is glued to a building; or,

[0049] The photovoltaic module is fixed to the building via a connector; or,

[0050] The photovoltaic components are mounted on the building.

[0051] The photovoltaic modules designed according to the above basis in the embodiment of the present application are conducive to being fully covered on the building and having greater power compared to photovoltaic modules with similar length and width. Compared to photovoltaic modules with large differences in length and width, the photovoltaic modules of the present application have higher mechanical load performance, making the photovoltaic modules less likely to be damaged. Furthermore, the photovoltaic modules have a utilization rate of more than 90% in length, which can reduce transportation costs. Furthermore, the photovoltaic modules can also take into account both module power and hot spot temperature to reduce the probability of fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram showing the bypass diode connection of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 Indicates the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle I position;

[0056] Figure 4 Indicates the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle II position;

[0057] Figure 5 Indicates the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle III position;

[0058] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the back side of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 7 Indicates the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle IV position;

[0060] Figure 8 Indicates the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle V position;

[0061] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing a wire outlet hole located in the middle position according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Fig.10 Indicates the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle VI position.

[0063] Description of reference numerals:

[0064] Solar cell -10, bypass diode -20, first bus bar -30, second bus bar -40, back plate -50, first edge -101, second edge -102, outlet hole -501, first arc line -501a, second arc line -501b, second arc line -501b, third arc line -501c, fourth arc line -501d. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] It should be understood that the references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the references to "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic assembly, including:

[0068] It has two first sides 101 arranged along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module, and two second sides 102 arranged along the width direction Y of the photovoltaic module, and the side length ratio of the first sides 101 to the second sides 102 is greater than 1.55 and less than 2;

[0069] The side length of the first side 101 is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1996 mm;

[0070] The photovoltaic module includes a plurality of solar cells 10 and a plurality of bypass diodes 20 , and the open circuit voltage of the solar cells 10 connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 is greater than 12.24V and less than 15V.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application can be a rectangular module, the two sides of the module parallel to the length direction X are the first side 101, the two sides parallel to the width direction Y are the second side 102, the length of the first side 101 is a1, the length of the second side 102 is b1, and 1.55≤a1 / b1≤2. For example, a1 / b1=1.55, 1.59, 1.60, 1.61, 1.62, 1.65, 1.75, 1.76, 1.80, 1.91 or 2, etc.

[0072] Specifically, when a1 / b1 is small (e.g., less than 1.55), the shape of the photovoltaic module is closer to a square. At this time, if the photovoltaic module is installed on a building with regional shape restrictions, since the length and width of the photovoltaic module are relatively small, even if the installation direction of the photovoltaic module is changed (i.e., the length and width are adjusted), the overall paving effect will not be significantly improved, and it is still difficult to achieve full paving on the building. On the contrary, if there is a certain difference between the length and width of the photovoltaic module, when paving the building, the installation direction of the photovoltaic module can be changed to facilitate full paving.

[0073] Furthermore, usually, the width of the photovoltaic module is limited by installation and transportation, so the width of the photovoltaic module will not be too large. In this case, if you want to increase the area of ​​the photovoltaic module (increase the area so that more cells can be loaded), you need to increase the length of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, if a1 / b1 is small, it means that the area of ​​the photovoltaic module is small as a whole, which is not conducive to achieving the increase in the power of the photovoltaic module, and thus is not conducive to the power supply demand.

[0074] When a1 / b1 is large (for example, greater than 2), the shape of the photovoltaic module is closer to a long and flat strip. The long and flat photovoltaic module has a lower mechanical strength and is more susceptible to damage.

[0075] The value range of the aspect ratio of the photovoltaic module of the present application satisfies: 1.55≤a1 / b1≤2. On the one hand, it is conducive to achieving full coverage of photovoltaic modules on the building, on the other hand, it can also help to ensure a higher module power, and on the other hand, it can also enable the photovoltaic modules to have higher mechanical strength (mechanical load performance), making the photovoltaic modules not easily damaged.

[0076] The length of the first side 101 of the photovoltaic module of the present application is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1996 mm. For example, the length a1 of the first side 101 is 1797 mm, 1798 mm, 1799 mm, 1800 mm, 1994 mm or 1996 mm.

[0077] Specifically, photovoltaic modules are transported in containers. Currently, the length of the container is 12000 mm, of which 20 mm of packaging space needs to be reserved, that is, the effective length of the container is 11980. When packing, multiple photovoltaic modules are first placed on a pallet, with the first side 101 of the photovoltaic module parallel to the long side of the pallet. Multiple photovoltaic modules are erected and stacked side by side on the pallet to be packed and fixed as a whole pallet, and then put into the container by pallet measurement.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the space utilization rate shown in the following table is calculated by measuring and verifying the photovoltaic modules of various lengths corresponding to 1797 mm ≤ a1 ≤ 1996 mm:

[0079]

[0080] According to the calculation results in the above table, it can be known that when the photovoltaic modules within the length range provided in the embodiments of the present application are packed in boxes, the length utilization rate of the container is as high as more than 90%, which helps to reduce transportation costs.

[0081] It should also be noted that when the photovoltaic modules are packed and boxed in the above manner, the number of pallets stacked along the height direction of the container determines the width of the photovoltaic modules (i.e., the side length b1 of the second side 102). The height of the container used is 2570mm. In the height direction of the container, according to the current calculation of stacking two pallets, the width b1 of the photovoltaic modules can be obtained as follows: b1 = [(2570mm-100mm)-2*100mm] / 2 = 1135mm, wherein 100mm of loading and unloading operation space is reserved along the height direction of the container. In addition, the heights of the two pallets each occupy 100mm of space. Based on the above theoretical design dimension of b1 = 1135mm, b1 can be determined to be a value not exceeding 1135mm to ensure that two pallets of photovoltaic modules can be stacked. Further optionally, b1 = 1134mm.

[0082] It should be noted that the above b1 not exceeding 1135mm is only based on the current container loading situation. The loading and unloading operation space or pallet height in the height direction of the container may be adjusted later, so that the range or value of b1 will change. Therefore, this application mainly considers the length direction of the photovoltaic module for the container utilization rate, and does not consider the width direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0083] The range of the aspect ratio of the photovoltaic module satisfies: 1.55≤a1 / b1≤2, and the side length a1 of the first side 101 of the photovoltaic module is designed to be 1797mm≤a1≤1996mm, so that the photovoltaic module can have a space utilization rate of not less than 90% when it is packed. Furthermore, when the width is fixed, the photovoltaic module of this size is more flexible in handling and installation than a longer photovoltaic module, and has a higher mechanical load performance.

[0084] The photovoltaic module includes a plurality of solar cells 10 and a plurality of bypass diodes 20 , and the open circuit voltage of the solar cells 10 connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 is greater than 12.24V and less than 15V.

[0085] Optionally, in various embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 10 may be a complete rectangular battery cell with four chamfered corners that is cut into half-cell cells.

[0086] When a photovoltaic module is used, if a part of the photovoltaic module is blocked, the blocked part of the photovoltaic module will heat up, resulting in a hot spot effect. Bypass diodes are usually used to avoid damage to the photovoltaic module when hot spots occur. That is, a plurality of bypass diodes are provided on the photovoltaic module, each of which is connected in parallel to a plurality of cells. When some of the cells are blocked, the voltage across the parallel bypass diodes increases rapidly and forward conduction occurs, so that current flows through the bypass diodes, thereby protecting the solar cell module.

[0087] When the open circuit voltage U of the cell connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 is low (for example, lower than 12.24V), under the condition of fixed circuit current, the power corresponding to the cell 10 connected in parallel with the bypass diode 20 is also low. When the number of bypass diodes 20 in the photovoltaic module is fixed, the lower the power corresponding to the cell 10 connected in parallel with the bypass diode 20, the lower the power of the entire module, which is not conducive to meeting the power supply requirements.

[0088] On the contrary, when the open circuit voltage U of the battery cells connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 is high (for example, greater than 15V), the corresponding hot spot temperature is high, and fire is likely to occur.

[0089] Based on the above, the open circuit voltage U of the solar cell 10 connected in parallel with a single bypass diode 20 of the present application satisfies: 12.24V≤U≤15V. For example, the open circuit voltage U is designed to be 12.24V, 12.33V, 12.42V, 12.58V, 12.92V, 13.26V, 13.7V, 13.8V, 14.25V, 14.625V or 15V, etc. In this case, it can ensure that the photovoltaic module has a higher power, and at the same time reduce the hot spot temperature of the photovoltaic module and reduce the incidence of fire.

[0090] It can be seen that the photovoltaic modules designed according to the above basis in the embodiment of the present application are conducive to full coverage on the building and have greater power compared to photovoltaic modules with similar length and width. Compared with photovoltaic modules with large differences in length and width, the photovoltaic modules of the present application have higher mechanical load performance, making the photovoltaic modules less likely to be damaged. Furthermore, the photovoltaic module has a utilization rate of more than 90% in length, which can reduce transportation costs. Furthermore, the photovoltaic module can also take into account the module power and hot spot temperature to reduce the probability of fire.

[0091] Optionally, the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application is more suitable for installation and fixation on the roof of an independent residential building with separate entrances and exits. After the photovoltaic module improved by the embodiment of the present application is installed on such a building, its overall service life can be extended, and the maintenance frequency can be reduced, and it can even be maintenance-free during its life cycle, which can reduce the use cost of the independent residential owners and is more conducive to promotion and use.

[0092] Optionally, a side length ratio of the first side 101 to the second side 102 is greater than 1.58 and less than 1.76.

[0093] Specifically, the minimum value of a1 / b1 increases from 1.55 to 1.58, and the difference in aspect ratio is larger, which means that the shape of the photovoltaic module is further away from the square. At the same time, the maximum value of a1 / b1 decreases from 2 to 1.76, which means that the shape of the photovoltaic module is more different from the long strip. Therefore, photovoltaic modules with this aspect ratio are easier to be fully covered on the building and have better mechanical load performance.

[0094] Illustratively, a1 / b1 may be 1.58, 1.59, 1.60, 1.62, 1.64, 1.65, 1.66, 1.68, 1.69, 1.70, 1.71, 1.73, 1.75, or 1.76. When the side length a1 of the first side 101 is 1797 mm and the side length b1 of the second side 102 is 1134 mm, a1 / b1 is 1.58; when the side length a1 of the first side 101 is 1798 mm and the side length b1 of the second side 102 is 1134 mm, a1 / b1 is 1.59; when the side length a1 of the first side 101 is 1799 mm and the side length b1 of the second side 102 is 1134 mm, a1 / b1 is 1.59; when the side length a1 of the first side 101 is 1800 mm and the side length b1 of the second side 102 is 1134 mm, a1 / b1 is 1.59; when the side length a1 of the first side 101 is 1994 mm and the side length b1 of the second side 102 is 1134 mm, a1 / b1 is 1.76.

[0095] Optionally, the side length of the first side 101 is greater than 1800 mm and less than 1994 mm.

[0096] Specifically, when the width of the second side 102 of the photovoltaic module is determined, the shorter the length of the photovoltaic module and the closer the aspect ratio is, the less conducive it is to achieve full paving. The shorter the length means the smaller the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, the fewer cells that can be laid, and the lower the power of the photovoltaic module. The longer the photovoltaic module, the smaller the mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic module. Based on this, the size of the first side 101 is limited to 1800mm≤a1≤1994mm, which can further take into account the building adaptability, power and mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0097] Optionally, the number of the battery cells 10 connected in parallel to each bypass diode 20 is 33-44.

[0098] Specifically, under normal circumstances, the open circuit voltage range of each complete battery cell 10 is 680mV to 750mV, for example, 680mV, 690mV, 700mV, 710mV, 720mV, 730mV, 740mV, 750mV.

[0099] When the open circuit voltage range of each complete cell 10 is 680mV, according to the open circuit voltage U=12.24V or 15V of the cells 10 connected in parallel to each bypass diode 20, it can be calculated that the number of half-cell cells 10 connected in parallel to each bypass diode 20 is 12.24V /

[0100] (680mV÷2)=36, or 15V / (680mV÷2)=44.

[0101] When the open circuit voltage range of each complete battery cell 10 is 750mV, according to the open circuit voltage U=12.24V or 15V of the battery cells 10 connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20, it can be calculated that the number of half-cell shaped battery cells 10 connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 is 12.24V / (750mV÷2)=33, or 15V / (750mV÷2)=40.

[0102] Therefore, the number of cells 10 connected in parallel to each bypass diode 20 can be at least 33 and at most 44, for example, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44.

[0103] Further optionally, the number of the battery cells 10 connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 is greater than 36 and less than 40.

[0104] Specifically, assuming that the number of diodes in a photovoltaic module is fixed (the cost of the diode is fixed) and the open-circuit voltage of the cell is fixed, the fewer cells are connected in parallel with a single bypass diode, the lower the power of the corresponding photovoltaic module, which is difficult to meet the power demand; the more cells are connected in parallel with a single bypass diode, the higher the corresponding hot spot temperature, which is prone to fire.

[0105] Based on this, the present application controls the number of battery cells 10 connected in parallel with the bypass diode 20 to be greater than 36 and less than 40, which can take into account both the component power and the hot spot temperature.

[0106] For example, when the length of the first side 101 of the photovoltaic module is a1=1800 mm, and the length of the second side 102 is b1=1134 mm, the number of half-cell-shaped cells 10 connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 can be 36, that is, connected in parallel with 18 full-cell-shaped cells 10. In this photovoltaic module, three bypass diodes 20 can be used, and a total of 108 half-cell-shaped cells 10 are connected in parallel, which is equivalent to 54 full-cell cells. This module can be defined as a 54-panel module.

[0107] When the length of the first side 101 of the photovoltaic module is a1=1994 mm, and the length of the second side 102 is b1=1134 mm, the number of half-cell-shaped cells connected in parallel with each bypass diode 20 can be 40, that is, connected in parallel with 20 full-cell-shaped cells 10. In this photovoltaic module, three bypass diodes 20 can be used, and a total of 120 half-cell-shaped cells 10 are connected in parallel, which is equivalent to 60 full-cell cells. This module can be defined as a 60-panel module.

[0108] Optionally, the photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic laminate and a frame installed on an edge of the photovoltaic laminate, and a thickness of a portion of the frame perpendicular to the photovoltaic module is greater than 1.1 mm and less than 1.6 mm.

[0109] Specifically, in the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure the rigidity of the entire module, the frame surrounding the photovoltaic laminate is also designed, and the side wall thickness of the frame is improved. The side wall thickness of the frame is the thickness of the part of the frame that is perpendicular to the photovoltaic module. When the thickness of this part is small (for example, less than 1.1mm), it is easy to support and protect the internal laminate because it is thin. When the thickness of this part is large (for example, more than 1.6mm), it is easy to cause excessive materials and increase the weight of the module. Therefore, the thickness of the side wall of the frame is designed to be 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm or 1.6mm, which can take into account the good mechanical rigidity and lightness of the module. In some embodiments, the side wall thickness of the frame can also enable the front of the photovoltaic module to resist a mechanical load of 5400Pa, and the back of the photovoltaic module can resist a mechanical load of 2400Pa.

[0110] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , in the length direction X, the plurality of cells 10 are divided into two parts, the shortest distance between the edge of the first side 101 of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the cell 10 in the first part is d1, and the shortest distance between the edge of the same first side 101 of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the cell 10 in the second part is d2;

[0111] K<|d1-d2|<1 mm, where K is the width of the interconnection strip in the photovoltaic module.

[0112] Specifically, in the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of cells 10 can be divided into two parts from the middle of the module along the length direction X of the module, one part is the first part, which can be defined as a first battery group, and the other part is the second part, which is defined as a second battery group. The number of cells 10 included in the first part and the second part can be equal.

[0113] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the upper half of the module is the first part 10a, the lower half of the module is the second part 10b, the shortest distance between the edge of the first side 101 on the right side of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the battery cell 10 of the first part 10a is d1, and similarly on the right side, the shortest distance between the edge of the first side 101 and the edge of the battery cell 10 of the second part 10b is d2. d1 is the right creepage distance of the first part 10a, and d2 is the right creepage distance of the second part 10b.

[0114] In order to ensure the insulation performance of the assembly, d1 and d2 are not equal, and the absolute value of the difference between the two is greater than the width K of the interconnection bar that connects the battery cells 10 to form a battery string. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , K<|d1-d2| can cause a certain misalignment between the interconnection strip extending from the first part 10a and the interconnection strip extending from the second part 10b, which helps to ensure that the two interconnection strips do not overlap. If the interconnection strips overlap and cause this area to become thicker, it is easy to cause hidden cracks in the glass during lamination.

[0115] Furthermore, if the interconnection bars overlap, the two interconnection bars and the middle bus bar need to be welded, which results in poor welding stability and is not conducive to efficient current transmission.

[0116] |d1-d2|<1mm prevents the battery cell 10 from forming a wide white edge with the edge of the component, thus preventing the waste of component area. When the width K of the interconnection strip is 0.5mm, 0.5mm<|d1-d2|<1mm, and |d1-d2| can be 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm. In one example, d1=13.8mm, d2=13mm, at this time, d1-d2=0.8mm can meet the above conditions.

[0117] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in the length direction X, the plurality of cells 10 are divided into two parts, and the photovoltaic module further comprises a first busbar 30 respectively arranged at both ends of the length direction of the photovoltaic module, and a second busbar 40 arranged in the gap between the two parts;

[0118] The ratio of the width of the second busbar 40 to the width of the first busbar 30 is greater than 1.7 and less than 2.

[0119] Specifically, combined Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, when the module is divided into the first part 10a and the second part 10b, a first bus bar 30 is arranged between the first part 10a located at the upper part and the second side 102 of the upper part, and another first bus bar 30 is arranged between the second part 10b located at the lower part and the second side 102 of the lower part. Both first bus bars 30 are parallel to the width direction Y of the module. The first bus bar 30 is also called the end bus bar, which collects the current of the first battery group and the second battery group at the upper and lower ends of the module respectively. In the gap between the first part 10a and the second part 10b, along the width direction Y of the module, a second bus bar 40 is arranged. The second bus bar 40 is also called the middle bus bar, which collects the current from the first battery group in the upper part and the second battery group in the lower part in the middle of the module.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the width of the first busbar 30 is W1, and the width of the second busbar 40 is W2. 1.7≤W2 / W1≤2, W2 / W1 can be 1.7, 1.8, 1.83, 1.85, 1.9, 1.93, 1.95 or 2.0. Optionally, the width of W2 can be 6 mm, the width of W1 can be 3.5 mm, and W2 / W1=1.71.

[0121] The width of the busbar affects the busbar efficiency. Generally, the wider the busbar is, the better the busbar efficiency is, but it is not conducive to cost saving.

[0122] When W2 / W1 is small (for example, less than 1.7), it means that the second busbar 40 is narrow, which is not conducive to the second busbar 40 to collect part of the current of the first battery group and part of the current of the second battery group. This is because, for the first busbar 30, it only needs to collect part of the current of the first battery group or part of the current of the second battery group, but the second busbar 40 needs to collect part of the current of the first battery group and part of the current of the second battery group. If the second busbar 40 is narrow, it is not conducive to collecting the current of the two battery groups.

[0123] When W2 / W1 is larger (for example, greater than 2), it means that the second busbar 40 is wider. Although it can improve the busbar efficiency, it is not conducive to cost saving.

[0124] Based on this, 1.7≤W2 / W1≤2 can take into account both convergence efficiency and cost savings.

[0125] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the ratio of the shortest distance between the edge of the first busbar 30 and the edge of the battery cell 10 to the shortest distance between the second busbar 40 and the edge of the battery cell 10 is greater than 0.8 and less than 1. Optionally, the shortest distance between the edge of the first busbar 30 and the edge of the battery cell 10 may be 2.8, 2.9, or 3.0. The shortest distance between the second busbar 40 and the edge of the battery cell 10 may be 3.4, 3.5, or 3.6.

[0126] Specifically, combined Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the shortest distance between the edge of the first busbar 30 and the edge of the corresponding part of the battery cell 10 is d3, which means the distance from the head battery cell of the module to the first busbar 30 at the head end of the module (referred to as the "head busbar distance"), or the distance from the tail battery cell to the first busbar 30 at the tail end of the module (referred to as the "tail busbar distance"). The shortest distance between the second busbar 40 and the edge of the battery cell 10 is d4, which means the distance from the middle battery cell to the second busbar 40 (referred to as the "middle busbar distance").

[0127] As for the distance from the cell to the busbar (referred to as "wire connection distance"), the smaller the wire connection distance, the more likely it is to cause welding problems. Taking the head wire connection as an example, if the head wire connection distance is too short, when welding the first bus bar, the first bus bar may be welded to the adjacent cell due to machine precision problems. For another example, if the head wire connection distance is too short, when welding the interconnect bar to the head bus bar, the soldering iron tip may touch the cell. Therefore, the wire connection distance cannot be too small. However, the wire connection distance cannot be too large. If the wire connection distance is too large, it will result in more white space, resulting in a waste of space in the photovoltaic module.

[0128] Therefore, when designing the wire transfer distance, the range of the wire transfer distance should be set reasonably.

[0129] If d3 / d4 is small (for example, less than 0.8), it means that the head wire connection distance is narrow, which is not conducive to reliable welding. If d3 / d4 is large (for example, greater than 1), it means that the head wire connection distance is large, leaving more blank space, resulting in a waste of photovoltaic module space.

[0130] Based on this, 0.8≤d3 / d4≤1 can take into account both welding reliability and component space utilization.

[0131] For example, d3 / d4 may be 0.8, 0.85, 0.88, 0.9, 0.95, 0.98 or 1.0.

[0132] Optionally, refer to Figures 6 to 8 , in the length direction X, the plurality of solar cells 10 are divided into two parts, the photovoltaic module further comprises a back plate 50, the back plate 50 is provided with three outlet holes 501, the three outlet holes 501 are distributed in the gap between the two parts, and the three outlet holes 501 are arranged along the width direction Y;

[0133] Among the three wire outlet holes 501 , the shape of the wire outlet hole 501 located in the middle is different from the shape of the wire outlet holes 501 located on both sides.

[0134] Specifically, if Figures 6 to 8 As shown in the figure, the photovoltaic module can also include a back panel 50 arranged on the back side of the laminate, and the back panel 50 is provided with wire outlet holes 501 for the lead terminals to pass through, and the three wire outlet holes 501 are distributed in the gap area formed by the first part 10a and the second part 10b, and the three wire outlet holes 501 are arranged at intervals along the width direction Y of the module.

[0135] For these outlet holes 501, the shape of the outlet hole 501 in the middle position can be different from the shape of the outlet holes 501 on both sides. For example, the outlet hole 501 in the middle position can be an ellipse, a quasi-ellipse, a racetrack or other irregular shapes, and the outlet holes 501 on both sides can be a perfect circle.

[0136] Specifically, for photovoltaic modules, the mechanical loads in the middle and near the edge are different, and the mechanical loads corresponding to the outlet holes of different shapes are also different. Based on this, the outlet holes in the middle and the outlet holes on both sides have different shapes, which can be matched according to the load distribution of the module, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the module and prevent hidden cracks.

[0137] Furthermore, for photovoltaic modules, the deformation in the middle is the largest, that is, the mechanical load weak point is in the middle. Since the module is rectangular, the stress distribution of the elliptical hole is more uniform than that of the circular hole, that is, the mechanical load performance of the elliptical hole is better.

[0138] Based on this, the wire outlet hole in the middle is elliptical or quasi-elliptical, and the wire outlet holes on both sides are circular, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the component and prevent hidden cracks.

[0139] Optionally, refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The wire outlet hole 501 located in the middle of the three wire outlet holes 501 has a long axis and a short axis that are perpendicular to each other, the long axis is parallel to the width direction Y of the photovoltaic component, and the short axis is parallel to the length direction X of the photovoltaic component.

[0140] Specifically, the long axis of the middle wire outlet hole is parallel to the width of the photovoltaic module, which can make the stress distribution of the middle wire outlet hole more uniform and the mechanical load better, thereby improving the stability of the module and preventing hidden cracks.

[0141] Optionally, refer to Fig. 9 The cross-sectional shape of the wire outlet hole 501 located in the middle position among the three wire outlet holes 501 includes a first arc line 501a, a second arc line 501b, a third arc line 501c and a fourth arc line 501d, the first arc line 501a and the second arc line 501b are symmetrical with respect to the short axis and are in the same circle, and the third arc line 501c and the fourth arc line 501d are symmetrical with respect to the long axis and are in the same ellipse.

[0142] Alternatively, in another example, Fig. 9 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the outlet hole 501 at the middle position can be a closed figure formed by connecting multiple arcs, specifically including a first arc 501a, a second arc 501b, a third arc 501c and a fourth arc 501d, the first arc 501a and the second arc 501b are symmetrical with respect to the minor axis and are in a circle, the third arc 501c and the fourth arc 501d are symmetrical with respect to the major axis and are in an ellipse. The discontinuous positions between the first arc 501a, the second arc 501b, the third arc 501c and the fourth arc 501d are smoothly connected by four arcs.

[0143] Specifically, the middle outlet hole includes multiple arcs. This opening shape has smooth features at all parts, which helps to improve the stability of the photovoltaic module and prevent hidden cracks. On the contrary, if it is not a smooth curve, such as a square opening, stress points will appear at the corners, which is prone to hidden cracks.

[0144] In addition, in another example, a chamfered structure may be processed at a position of the battery cell 10 close to the wire outlet hole 501 to avoid hidden cracks of the battery cell 10 .

[0145] Optionally, refer to Fig. 9 , the ratio of the length L1 of the major axis to the length L2 of the minor axis is less than 1.5. Specifically, in one embodiment, L1 / L2≤1.5, for example, L1 / L2 may be 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, or 1.0.

[0146] Specifically, in theory, the smaller the hole, the better the corresponding mechanical load performance, and the less likely it is to have hidden cracks. L2 must ensure that the lead terminal passes through smoothly, and L1 needs to be larger than L2 but not too large to prevent hidden cracks.

[0147] Therefore, the wire outlet holes of the photovoltaic module of the present application are beneficial to the stability of the photovoltaic module and reduce the probability of hidden cracks.

[0148] Optionally, the length L1 of the major axis is greater than 12 mm and less than 18 mm.

[0149] In one implementation, 12 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 18 mm, for example, L1 may be 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, or 18 mm.

[0150] Specifically, when L1 is too small, it is not easy for the lead terminal to pass through, and when L1 is too large, the mechanical load performance of the hole becomes low.

[0151] Based on the above, the long axis value range of the present application can take into account both the smooth passage of the lead terminal and the mechanical load performance of the hole.

[0152] Optionally, the length L2 of the minor axis is greater than 10 mm and less than 14 mm.

[0153] In one embodiment, 10 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 14 mm, for example, L2 can be 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 13 mm, 13.5 mm, or 14 mm.

[0154] Specifically, when L2 is too small, it is not easy for the lead terminal to pass through, and when L2 is too large, the mechanical load performance of the hole becomes low.

[0155] Based on the above, the long axis value range of the present application can take into account both the smooth passage of the lead terminal and the mechanical load performance of the hole.

[0156] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation manner, the size of the first side 101 is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1805 mm. For example, a1 = 1797 mm, 1798 mm, 1799 mm, 1800 mm, 1801 mm, 1802 mm, 1805 mm.

[0157] Based on the above description, a1 is between 1797mm and 1805mm, which can make the length utilization rate of the container above 90%. Compared with longer photovoltaic modules, this photovoltaic module has higher mechanical load performance and is more flexible in handling and installation.

[0158] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation manner, the size of the first side 101 is greater than 1957 mm and less than 1967 mm. For example, a1=1957 mm, 1958 mm, 1959 mm, 1960 mm, 1961 mm, 1962 mm, 1963 mm, 1964 mm, 1965 mm, 1967 mm1.

[0159] Based on the above description, a1 is between 1957mm and 1967mm, which can make the length utilization rate of the container above 98%, and the component length is moderate, so the transportation and installation are more flexible.

[0160] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation manner, the size of the first side 101 is greater than 1989 mm and less than 1996 mm. For example, a1 = 1989 mm, 1990 mm, 1992 mm, 1993, 1994 mm, 1995 mm, 1996 mm.

[0161] Based on the above description, a1 is between 1989mm and 1996mm, which can make the length utilization rate of the container above 99%, and the component length is moderate, so the transportation and installation are more flexible.

[0162] The different ranges of a1 mentioned above can constitute different size series, which can meet the mechanical load performance requirements and match different installation and use environments respectively.

[0163] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation, the length of the battery cell 10 is 96±3 mm. The length of the battery cell 10 may be 93 mm, 94 mm, 95 mm, 96 mm, 97 mm, 98 mm, or 99 mm. For example, when a half-battery cell is obtained by cutting a whole battery cell with a length of 192 mm, the length of the battery cell 10 may be 96 mm.

[0164] Specifically, a cell that is too long is not conducive to process manufacturing, and a cell that is too short will result in a lower cell power. Therefore, the cell design of the present application can take into account both reducing process difficulty and ensuring component power, and facilitates flexible layout of cells in photovoltaic modules to obtain target power and voltage.

[0165] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation, the length of the battery cell 10 is 105±3 mm. The length of the battery cell 10 may be 102 mm, 103 mm, 104 mm, 105 mm, 106 mm, 107 mm, or 108 mm. For example, when a half-battery cell is obtained by cutting a whole battery cell with a length of 210 mm, the length of the battery cell 10 may be 105 mm.

[0166] Specifically, the battery cell size of the present application is relatively large, which greatly increases the power of the component.

[0167] Optionally, based on the above-mentioned embodiment, in one implementation manner, the width of the battery cell 10 is 182.2±5 mm. The width of the battery cell 10 may be 177.2 mm, 178.2 mm, 179.2 mm, 180.2 mm, 182.2 mm, 185.2 mm, or 187.2 mm. For example, when a full battery cell with a width of 182.2 mm is cut to obtain a half battery cell, the width of the battery cell 10 remains unchanged at 182.2 mm.

[0168] Therefore, the above-mentioned battery cells 10 of different specifications and sizes can provide more options for the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, and a rich variety of products can be prepared.

[0169] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation manner, the number of busbars provided on each battery cell 10 is greater than 16 and less than 20. The number of busbars may be 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20.

[0170] Specifically, the more main grids there are, the better the current collection performance is, but this will lead to increased costs.

[0171] Based on the above, the number of main grids in the embodiment of the present application can take into account both current collection performance and cost reduction. For example, the number of main grids can be 18.

[0172] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation, a plurality of busbars are provided on each cell 10, and the number of pads provided on each busbar is greater than 6 and less than 9. The number of pads on the busbar may be 6, 7, 8, or 9.

[0173] Specifically, more pads on a single busbar make welding more reliable but will lead to increased costs.

[0174] Based on the above, the number of pads on the main grid of the present application can take into account both welding reliability and cost reduction.

[0175] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation, the number of positive electrode fine grids provided on each battery cell 10 is greater than 98 and less than 103. For example, the number of positive electrode fine grids may be 98, 99, 100, 101, 102 or 103.

[0176] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation, the number of negative electrode fine grids provided on each battery cell 10 is greater than 99 and less than 104. For example, the number of negative electrode fine grids may be 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, or 104.

[0177] Specifically, the more fine grids there are, the better the current collection performance is, but the higher the cost is. And when the cell area is fixed, the more fine grids there are, the closer the distance between the opposite-sex fine grids is, and the more likely it is that a short circuit risk will occur.

[0178] Based on the above, the number of fine grids in the present application can take into account the current collection performance, the safe distance of the heterogeneous fine grids, and the reduction of costs.

[0179] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, in one implementation, a plurality of fine grids are provided on each of the battery cells 10, and the distance between two adjacent fine grids with the same polarity is greater than 0.92 mm and less than 0.96 mm. For example, the distance may be 0.92 mm, 0.93 mm, 0.94 mm, 0.95 mm, or 0.96 mm.

[0180] Specifically, for back-contact cells, since there is a thin grid of opposite polarity between two thin grids of the same polarity, the smaller the distance between two adjacent thin grids of the same polarity, the smaller the distance between the thin grids of opposite polarity, and the easier it is for them to contact and short-circuit. The larger the distance between two adjacent thin grids of the same polarity, the more unfavorable it is to fully utilize the component space.

[0181] Based on the above, the embodiments of the present application can take into account both circuit stability and component space utilization.

[0182] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 and Fig.10 , the plurality of battery cells 10 form a plurality of battery strings;

[0183] The string spacing δ1 between two adjacent battery strings along the width direction Y is greater than 0.8 mm and less than 2 mm. The string spacing δ1 may be 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm or 2.0 mm.

[0184] When the string spacing δ1 is large, it is easy to cause a waste of component area, and when the string spacing δ1 is small, it is easy to cause the battery strings on the component to be connected in parallel, which is easy to cause circuit failure.

[0185] Based on this, the string spacing of the present application is 0.8mm≤δ1≤2mm, which can not only reduce the risk of battery string and parallel connection, but also make full use of the component space.

[0186] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 and Fig.10 , along the length direction X, the inter-cell spacing δ2 between two adjacent cells in the same cell string is greater than 0.5 mm and less than 2 mm. The inter-cell spacing δ2 may be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm or 2.0 mm.

[0187] When the cell spacing δ2 is large, it is easy to cause a waste of component area, and when the cell spacing δ2 is small, it is easy to cause parallel cells inside the battery string on the component, which is easy to cause circuit failure.

[0188] Based on this, the cell spacing in this application is 0.5mm≤δ2≤2mm, which can not only reduce the risk of cell paralleling, but also make full use of the component space.

[0189] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 and Fig.10 The string spacing δ1 between two adjacent battery strings is greater than the cell spacing δ2 between two adjacent battery cells 10 in the same battery string.

[0190] Specifically, compared to battery cells, battery strings are longer and will bend to a certain extent after being welded with welding ribbons, so the risk of string connection is higher. Therefore, a reasonable design is that the string spacing between battery strings should be larger than the cell spacing between battery cells.

[0191] Based on the above, the string spacing δ1 of the battery string is greater than the cell spacing δ2 between two adjacent battery cells 10 in the same battery string. The photovoltaic module has a higher module space utilization rate and is safer and more reliable.

[0192] Optionally, the plurality of battery cells 10 form a plurality of battery strings, and the length of the battery strings is greater than 879.6 mm and less than 891.6 mm.

[0193] Specifically, nine cells 10 with a length of 96 mm are arranged according to 0.5 mm ≤ δ2 ≤ 2 mm, and the interconnection bars extend 6.8 mm from the edges of the cells 10 at both ends. In the 54-panel module formed by this string welding arrangement, the shrinkage of the cell string warping is about 2 mm, and the length of the obtained cell string is between 879.6 mm and 891.6 mm.

[0194] Based on the above, the 54-panel photovoltaic module can reduce the risk of parallel connection and has higher reliability.

[0195] Optionally, the plurality of battery cells 10 form a plurality of battery strings, and the length of the battery strings is greater than 975.6 mm and less than 989.1 mm.

[0196] Specifically, 10 pieces of 96mm long battery cells 10 are arranged according to 0.5mm≤δ2≤2mm, and the interconnection strips extend from the edges of the battery cells 10 at both ends to reserve 6.8mm. In the 60-panel module formed by this string welding arrangement, the shrinkage of the battery string warping is about 2.5mm, and the length of the battery string that can be obtained is between 975.6mm and 989.1mm. This length range allows the battery string of the 60-panel module to be reliably welded.

[0197] Based on the above, the 60-panel photovoltaic module can reduce the risk of parallel connection and has higher reliability.

[0198] Optionally, the photovoltaic module further comprises bus bars and interconnection bars, and the width of the interconnection bars is greater than 0.4 mm and less than 1 mm. For example, the width of the interconnection bars may be 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm.

[0199] Based on the above, the interconnection strip width of the present application is conducive to reducing the current transmission resistance and improving the welding reliability.

[0200] Optionally, the overlap length between the interconnection bar and the bus bar is greater than 2.8 mm and less than 3.5 mm. The overlap length may be 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, or 3.5 mm.

[0201] When the overlap length is too short, it is easy to cause poor welding contact between the interconnection bar and the bus bar. When the overlap length is too long, it leads to increased waste of interconnection bars. The above overlap length range can ensure welding reliability and avoid waste of interconnection bars.

[0202] Optionally, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 10 are both on the backlight side of the battery cell.

[0203] Specifically, the battery cell 10 of the present application can be a battery cell without a busbar or a battery cell with a busbar.

[0204] Taking a battery cell with a main grid as an example, the battery cell 10 of the embodiment of the present application can be a back-contact battery in which the positive main grid, the negative main grid, the positive fine grid, and the negative fine grid are all distributed on the backlight surface of the battery cell.

[0205] Specifically, the cells on the photovoltaic module of the present application are back-contact cells, which have a higher conversion efficiency because there is no obstruction on the front side, so that the photovoltaic module has a higher power.

[0206] The embodiments of the present application also provide a photovoltaic system, which may use multiple photovoltaic modules as described in the aforementioned embodiments. Multiple photovoltaic modules may be installed on the roof of a building to form a distributed photovoltaic power generation system.

[0207] Specifically, the photovoltaic modules can be fixed to the building by using adhesive with strong adhesion and excellent weather resistance, or by using connectors such as a pressing block assembly used in conjunction with the photovoltaic module frame, or by using a hanger fastener used in conjunction with the photovoltaic module frame to mount the photovoltaic module on the wall of the building. The appropriate installation structure can be selected according to the actual construction conditions.

[0208] Based on the above, it can be seen that the photovoltaic system can take into account conversion efficiency, cost, building matching and stability and reliability.

[0209] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0210] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: It has two first sides arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic module and two second sides arranged along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the ratio of the length of the first side to the second side is greater than 1.55 and less than 2; The length of the first side is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1996 mm; The photovoltaic assembly includes a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of bypass diodes, and the open circuit voltage of each solar cell connected in parallel with the bypass diode is greater than 12.24V and less than 15V.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side length ratio of the first side to the second side is greater than 1.58 and less than 1.76; and / or, The length of the first side is greater than 1800 mm and less than 1994 mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of cells connected in parallel to each bypass diode is 36-40.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly comprises a photovoltaic laminate and a frame installed at the edge of the photovoltaic laminate, and the thickness of a portion of the frame perpendicular to the photovoltaic assembly is greater than 1.1 mm and less than 1.6 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the length direction, the plurality of cells are divided into two parts, the shortest distance between the edge of the first side of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the cell in the first part is d1, and the shortest distance between the edge of the same first side of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the cell in the second part is d2; K<|d1-d2|<1, where K is the width of the interconnection strip in the photovoltaic module.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the length direction, the plurality of cells are divided into two parts, and the photovoltaic assembly further comprises a first busbar disposed at both ends of the length direction of the photovoltaic assembly, and a second busbar disposed in the gap between the two parts; wherein, The ratio of the width of the second busbar to the width of the first busbar is greater than 1.7 and less than 2; and / or, A ratio of the shortest distance between the edge of the first busbar and the edge of the battery cell to the shortest distance between the second busbar and the edge of the battery cell is greater than 0.8 and less than 1.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the length direction, the plurality of solar cells are divided into two parts, the photovoltaic module further comprises a back plate, and three outlet holes are arranged on the back plate, the three outlet holes are distributed in the gap between the two parts, and the three outlet holes are arranged along the width direction of the photovoltaic module; Among the three outlet holes, the shape of the outlet hole located in the middle is different from the shape of the outlet holes located on both sides; and / or, The shape of the outlet hole located in the middle of the three outlet holes is an ellipse or a quasi-ellipse, and the shapes of the outlet holes located on both sides are circles; and / or, The outlet hole located in the middle of the three outlet holes has a long axis and a short axis that are perpendicular to each other, the long axis is parallel to the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the short axis is parallel to the length direction of the photovoltaic module; the cross-sectional shape of the outlet hole located in the middle of the three outlet holes includes a first arc, a second arc, a third arc and a fourth arc, the first arc and the second arc are symmetrical with respect to the short axis and are cocircular, and the third arc and the fourth arc are symmetrical with respect to the long axis and are coelliptical; and / or, The battery sheet has a chamfered structure at a position close to the wire outlet hole.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the major axis to the length of the minor axis is less than 1.5; and / or The length of the major axis is greater than 12 mm and less than 18 mm; and / or the length of the minor axis is greater than 10 mm and less than 14 mm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The dimension of the first side is greater than 1797 mm and less than 1805 mm; or The dimension of the first side is greater than 1957 mm and less than 1967 mm; or The dimension of the first side is greater than 1989 mm and less than 1996 mm.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The length of the battery cell is 96 mm ± 3 mm; or, the length of the battery cell is 105 mm ± 3 mm; or, the width of the battery cell is 182.2 mm ± 5 mm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The number of main grids provided on each of the solar cells is greater than 16 and less than 20; and / or, Each of the solar cells is provided with a plurality of main grids, and the number of the welding pads provided on each main grid is greater than 6 and less than 9; and / or, The number of positive electrode fine grids provided on each of the battery cells is greater than 98 and less than 103; and / or, The number of negative electrode fine grids provided on each of the battery cells is greater than 99 and less than 104; and / or, A plurality of fine grids are arranged on each of the battery cells, and the distance between two adjacent fine grids with the same polarity is greater than 0.92 mm and less than 0.96 mm.

12. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The plurality of battery cells form a plurality of battery strings; Along the width direction, the string spacing between two adjacent battery strings is greater than 0.8 mm and less than 2 mm; and / or, Along the length direction, the spacing between two adjacent battery cells in the same battery string is greater than 0.5 mm and less than 2 mm; and / or, The string spacing between two adjacent battery strings is greater than the cell spacing between two adjacent battery cells in the same battery string.

13. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The plurality of battery cells form a plurality of battery strings, The length of the battery string is greater than 879.6 mm and less than 891.6 mm; or, The length of the battery string is greater than 975.6 mm and less than 989.1 mm.

14. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module also includes bus bars and interconnection bars; The width of the interconnection strip is greater than 0.4 mm and less than 1 mm; and / or, The overlapping length of the interconnection bar and the bus bar is greater than 2.8 mm and less than 3.5 mm.

15. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell are both on the backlight side of the battery cell.

16. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: A plurality of photovoltaic modules according to any one of claims 1 to 15 arranged in an array.

17. The photovoltaic system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is glued to the building; or, The photovoltaic module is fixed to the building via a connector; or, The photovoltaic components are mounted on the building.

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