Tunnel blast hole circumferential energy-gathering slotting equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to tunnel blast hole circumferential energy-gathered slotting equipment which comprises a bearing platform, a blast hole positioning device, a laser circumferential slotting device, a display screen and a control center, and the blast hole positioning device, the laser circumferential slotting device, the display screen and the control center are arranged on the bearing platform. The blast hole positioning device, the laser circumferential grooving device and the display screen are all connected with the control center. The laser circumferential grooving device comprises an optical fiber laser and a circumferential grooving rod, and the optical fiber laser is connected with the circumferential grooving rod; the fiber laser is used for generating a laser beam; the annular grooving rod is used for stretching into a blast hole and conducting annular grooving on the interior of the blast hole through a laser beam. The laser energy-gathering blasting device has the advantages that compared with an existing energy-gathering blasting technology, the laser energy-gathering blasting device adopts a laser technology to conduct annular cutting on the interior of a blast hole, and therefore a good energy-gathering effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an annular energy-gathering slotting device for a tunnel blasthole. Background Art

[0002] During the tunnel construction process, due to changes in geological conditions and uneven blasting charges, it is very easy to cause serious unevenness on the face after blasting and low utilization rate of blastholes, which greatly affects the subsequent face leveling work. With the introduction of focused blasting technology, blasting depression areas can be opened in advance to guide the blasting energy to break the rock in a specified direction. The use of focused blasting technology can make the surrounding rock at the face fracture regularly and form a relatively flat face. Existing focused blasting technology usually uses laser technology to cut holes around the tunnel to achieve energy concentration, but the difficulty of laser technology lies in its positioning. Existing laser positioning technology relies on manual measurement and has large errors.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need for a tunnel blasthole annular energy-focusing slotting device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting device, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0005] A tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting device comprises a carrying platform and a blasthole positioning device, a laser annular slotting device, a display screen and a control center arranged on the carrying platform, wherein the blasthole positioning device, the laser annular slotting device and the display screen are all connected to the control center;

[0006] The laser annular grooving device comprises a fiber laser and an annular grooving rod, wherein the fiber laser is connected to the annular grooving rod;

[0007] The fiber laser is used to generate a laser beam;

[0008] The annular grooving rod is used to extend into the blast hole and use a laser beam to perform annular grooving on the inside of the blast hole.

[0009] Preferably, the blasthole locating device comprises a camera and a laser ranging sensor, and both the camera and the laser ranging sensor are connected to the control center to realize the blasthole positioning.

[0010] Preferably, the annular groove rod comprises a hollow cylindrical transparent protective cover, a rotating motor is arranged inside the transparent protective cover, an electric push rod is arranged at the rotation center of the rotating motor, and a laser emitter is connected to the driving end of the electric push rod;

[0011] The laser transmitter is connected to the fiber laser via an optical fiber and is used to emit a laser beam generated by the fiber laser to achieve circumferential grooving inside the blast hole.

[0012] Preferably, the laser emitter is located at the end of the transparent protective cover, and the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is perpendicular to the side wall of the transparent protective cover.

[0013] Preferably, a posture sensor is provided on the outside of the transparent protective cover, and the posture sensor signal is connected to the control center to measure the posture information of the annular groove rod and transmit the posture information to the control center.

[0014] Preferably, a counter is provided on the outside of the transparent protective cover, and the counter signal is connected to the control center for measuring the distance that the transparent protective cover extends into the blast hole and transmitting the distance to the control center.

[0015] Preferably, a group of telescopic springs arranged opposite to each other are further provided in the transparent protective cover, and the telescopic springs are arranged before and after the moving direction of the laser emitter.

[0016] The application of the technical solution of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Compared with the existing energy-gathering blasting technology, the utility model adopts laser technology to perform circumferential cutting inside the blasthole, thereby forming a good energy-gathering effect. The tunnel blasthole circumferential energy-gathering slotting device disclosed in the utility model is used to cut the circumferential energy-gathering slot at the bottom of the blasthole, and by controlling the circumferential energy-gathering directions of each blasting, the blasting energy at the bottom of the blasthole is connected, thereby cutting out a relatively complete face plane, improving the blasthole utilization rate and the face forming rate, reducing the tunnel face leveling work, and improving the construction efficiency.

[0018] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular energy-gathering slotting device for tunnel blastholes in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular groove rod in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the annular groove of the blast hole in the preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Among them, 1-carrying platform, 2-gun hole positioning device, 3-laser annular grooving device, 3.1-fiber laser, 3.2-annular grooving rod, 3.21-transparent protective cover, 3.22-rotating motor, 3.23-electric push rod, 3.24-laser transmitter, 3.25-optical fiber, 3.26-gesture sensor, 3.27-counter, 3.28-telescopic spring, 4-display screen, 5-control center. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0025] Example:

[0026] See also Figure 1 This embodiment discloses a tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting device, comprising a carrying platform 1, and a blasthole positioning device 2, a laser annular slotting device 3, a display screen 4 and a control center 5 arranged on the carrying platform, wherein the blasthole positioning device 2, the laser annular slotting device 3 and the display screen 4 are all connected to the control center 5;

[0027] The laser annular grooving device 3 comprises a fiber laser 3.1 and an annular grooving rod 3.2, wherein the fiber laser 3.1 is connected to the annular grooving rod 3.2;

[0028] The fiber laser 3.1 is used to generate a laser beam;

[0029] The annular grooving rod 3.2 is used to extend into the blast hole and use a laser beam to perform annular grooving on the inside of the blast hole.

[0030] In this embodiment, the blasthole positioning device 2 preferably includes a camera and a laser ranging sensor, and the camera and the laser ranging sensor are both connected to the control center 5 to realize the positioning of the blasthole. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting device disclosed in this embodiment takes photos of all blastholes on the tunnel surface through a camera, and transmits the photos to the control center, which uses image recognition technology to identify the blastholes in the photos, and measures the distance between the blasthole surfaces through a laser ranging sensor.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, see Figure 2The annular grooving rod 3.2 comprises a hollow cylindrical transparent protective cover 3.21, a rotating motor 3.22 is arranged inside the transparent protective cover, an electric push rod 3.23 is arranged at the rotation center of the rotating motor 3.22, and a laser emitter 3.24 is connected to the driving end of the electric push rod 3.23; the laser emitter 3.24 is connected to the fiber laser 3.1 through an optical fiber 3.25, and is used to emit the laser beam generated by the fiber laser 3.1 to realize annular grooving inside the blast hole.

[0032] It should be noted that the laser beam generated by the fiber laser 3.1 in this embodiment is transmitted to the laser emitter 3.24 through the optical fiber. The laser emitter is located at the end of the transparent protective cover 3.21, and the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 3.24 is perpendicular to the side wall of the transparent protective cover 3.21. The laser beam penetrates the transparent protective cover 3.21 to perform laser cutting on the inner wall of the blasthole, and the inner wall of the blasthole is slotted by laser cutting. In addition, in this embodiment, the molten rock generated in the process of laser cutting and slotting can also be ejected through a high-pressure air pipe.

[0033] In this embodiment, preferably, a posture sensor 3.26 is provided on the outside of the transparent protective cover 3.21, and the posture sensor 3.26 is connected to the control center 5 by signal, and is used to measure the posture information of the annular groove rod 3.2 and transmit the posture information to the control center 5. It should be noted that the posture information at least includes the azimuth and inclination of the annular groove rod 3.2. Since the annular groove rod 3.2 extends into the blasthole, its azimuth and inclination can be regarded as the azimuth and inclination of the blasthole. 3.26 in this embodiment measures the azimuth and inclination of the blasthole, thereby realizing the positioning of the blasthole.

[0034] It should be noted that a counter 3.27 is provided outside the transparent protective cover 3.21, and the counter 3.27 is connected to the control center 5 for measuring the distance of the transparent protective cover 3.21 extending into the blasthole and transmitting the distance to the control center 5. The distance is the depth of the annular groove inside the blasthole.

[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, a group of oppositely arranged telescopic springs 3.28 are further provided in the transparent protective cover 3.21, and the telescopic springs 3.28 are arranged in front and behind the moving direction of the laser emitter 3.24. The telescopic springs 3.28 are always in a compressed state, exerting opposite forces on the laser emitter 3.24 from both sides, thereby fixing the laser emitter and making the laser beam more stable.

[0036] The process of using this embodiment to perform circumferential grooving of a blasthole is as follows:

[0037] Step 1) Install the tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment on each layer of the stand, use a camera to capture the image of the area, and use the blasthole recognition model established by the yolo5 algorithm to identify each blasthole;

[0038] Step 2) Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the distance s1, s2 and the inclination angle α1, α2 between the two blastholes and the tunnel face are measured by the laser ranging sensor of the tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment, and the relative surface distance Δ between the two blastholes is calculated with the camera. 12 ;

[0039] Δ 12 =s1cosα1-s2cosα2;

[0040] Step 3) inserting the annular groove rod configured by the device into the first blasthole, and measuring the inclination angle β1 of the first blasthole by using the posture sensor of the annular groove rod;

[0041] Step 4) According to the first blasthole inclination angle β1 and the tunnel design cycle footage D, the insertion depth d1 of the annular groove rod of the first blasthole can be calculated;

[0042] d1 = D / COSβ1;

[0043] Step 5) inserting the annular grooving rod to the calculated blasthole depth, turning on the laser transmitter, irradiating the rock inside the blasthole with the laser to start melting the rock, and fixing the irradiation time so that the grooving depth is uniform;

[0044] Step 7) After the irradiation is completed, the high-pressure gas pipe is inserted into the blast hole, and the molten rock is sprayed out by the high-pressure gas, and the annular groove of the next blast hole is started;

[0045] Step 8) The relative distance Δ of the adjacent blastholes calculated according to step 2) 12 , and the second blasthole inclination angle β2, the annular groove rod insertion depth d2 of the second blasthole can be calculated;

[0046]

[0047] Step 9) Insert the annular grooving rod to the calculated blasthole depth, turn on the laser transmitter, and perform annular grooving of the second blasthole.

[0048] Step 10) Complete the circumferential grooving of all blastholes one by one according to steps 3) to 9).

[0049] By using the tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting device disclosed in this embodiment, the position and posture information of the blasthole can be accurately located, and the required insertion depth can be calculated based on the position and posture information of the blasthole, thereby achieving accurate energy-gathering blasting.

[0050] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting device, characterized in that: It comprises a carrying platform (1), and a blasthole positioning device (2), a laser annular slotting device (3), a display screen (4), and a control center (5) arranged on the carrying platform, wherein the blasthole positioning device (2), the laser annular slotting device (3), and the display screen (4) are all connected to the control center (5); The laser annular grooving device (3) comprises a fiber laser (3.1) and an annular grooving rod (3.2), wherein the fiber laser (3.1) is connected to the annular grooving rod (3.2); The fiber laser (3.1) is used to generate a laser beam; The annular grooving rod (3.2) is used to extend into the blast hole and use a laser beam to perform annular grooving on the inside of the blast hole.

2. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blasthole positioning device (2) comprises a camera and a laser distance sensor, and both the camera and the laser distance sensor are connected to the control center (5) to realize the positioning of the blasthole.

3. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The annular groove rod (3.2) comprises a hollow cylindrical transparent protective cover (3.21), a rotating motor (3.22) is arranged inside the transparent protective cover, an electric push rod (3.23) is arranged at the rotation center of the rotating motor (3.22), and a laser emitter (3.24) is connected to the driving end of the electric push rod (3.23); The laser emitter (3.24) is connected to the fiber laser (3.1) via an optical fiber (3.25) and is used to emit a laser beam generated by the fiber laser (3.1) to achieve circumferential grooving inside the blast hole.

4. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The laser emitter (3.24) is located at the end of the transparent protective cover (3.21), and the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter (3.24) is perpendicular to the side wall of the transparent protective cover (3.21).

5. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A posture sensor (3.26) is provided outside the transparent protective cover (3.21), and the posture sensor (3.26) is connected to the control center (5) through a signal, and is used to measure the posture information of the annular groove rod (3.2) and transmit the posture information to the control center (5).

6. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A counter (3.27) is arranged outside the transparent protective cover (3.21), and the counter (3.27) is connected to the control center (5) by signal, and is used to measure the distance that the transparent protective cover (3.21) extends into the blast hole and transmit the distance to the control center (5).

7. The tunnel blasthole annular energy-gathering slotting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A group of telescopic springs (3.28) arranged in opposite directions are also provided in the transparent protective cover (3.21), and the telescopic springs (3.28) are arranged in front of and behind the moving direction of the laser emitter (3.24).

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