Furnace body structure of electrolytic furnace

Abstract

The furnace body structure comprises a furnace body, the upper end of the furnace body is open, the interior of the furnace body is of a hollow structure, and a positive conducting strip is connected between the furnace body and a rectifier cabinet; an anode graphite sheet is arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic tank; the metal collecting device is positioned in the electrolytic bath; the furnace body is provided with a panel set used for installing conducting strips, and the panel set is provided with a cooling structure used for cooling the conducting strips. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: 1, the panel group is arranged on the furnace body, and the cooling structure is arranged in the panel group, so that when the panel group cools the furnace body, the cooling structure can specifically cool the part of the conducting strip and quickly absorb the heat of the conducting strip; multiple layers of heat insulation boxes are arranged for heat preservation, heat in the electrolytic furnace is stored, meanwhile, heat insulation is conducted on the surface of the electrolytic furnace, and the heat utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of rare earth electrolysis equipment, in particular to a furnace body structure of an electrolytic furnace. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth metals, also known as rare earth elements, are the general term for 17 elements in the IIIB group of the periodic table, including scandium, yttrium, and lanthanide. They are usually represented by R or RE. It took 178 years from the discovery of the first rare earth element yttrium in 1794 to the discovery of the natural rare earth element promethium in 1972. It took people 178 years to find all 17 rare earth elements in nature. The luster of rare earth metals is between that of silver and iron. Rare earth metals are very chemically active. Scandium is dispersed in the earth's crust and is a byproduct of the extraction of metals such as tungsten and tin.

[0003] The methods for preparing rare earths mainly include metal reduction method and molten salt electrolysis method. At present, general light rare earth metals are prepared by molten salt electrolysis method. Electrolysis of rare earth oxide fluoride salt system is a main method for preparing rare earth metals. Rare earth metal electrolysis furnace is the main equipment for implementing this method. Rare earth metal electrolysis furnace is a process in which an electric current electrolyte solution or a molten electrolyte (also known as an electrolyte) causes a redox reaction on the cathode and anode. The electrochemical cell can undergo an electrolysis process when a DC voltage is applied. Modern electrolysis furnaces generate more heat when working. For example, the temperature required for praseodymium and neodymium electrolysis is usually 1000℃±20℃, while the energy utilization rate of the furnace body in the prior art is generally around 20%. Most of the heat is conducted by the furnace body itself, which increases the overall heat of the furnace body, reduces the current efficiency, reduces the energy utilization rate, reduces the life of the electrolytic cell, and deteriorates the operating environment. It also brings safety hazards, and conducts heat to the conductive sheet connected to the furnace body, causing the conductive sheet to be too hot and resulting in a short service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a furnace body structure of an electrolytic furnace.

[0005] The above-mentioned problem of the utility model is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A furnace body structure of an electrolytic furnace, comprising:

[0007] The furnace body has an opening at the top and a hollow structure inside, and is connected to the rectifier cabinet with a positive conductive sheet;

[0008] An electrolytic cell, the inner wall of which is provided with an anode graphite sheet;

[0009] a metal collection device, located inside the electrolytic cell;

[0010] The furnace body is provided with a panel group for mounting conductive sheets, and the panel group is provided with a cooling structure for cooling the conductive sheets.

[0011] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the cooling structure is a cooling channel arranged in the panel group.

[0012] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: a conductive iron plate is provided on the panel group for fixing the anode graphite sheet, and the cooling channel is located below the conductive iron plate.

[0013] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: coolant can be poured into the cooling channel.

[0014] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: a water pipe is further provided on the panel group, and the water pipe is arranged closely against the positive electrode conductive sheet.

[0015] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: a first heat insulation layer, a second heat insulation layer and a thermal insulation layer are sequentially arranged in the furnace body from the inside to the outside, and the first heat insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the electrolytic cell.

[0016] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the first heat insulation layer and the second heat insulation layer are filled with high temperature resistant casting material;

[0017] The heat-insulating layer is filled with heat-insulating cotton.

[0018] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the metal collecting device comprises a large molybdenum pot and a small molybdenum pot stacked in sequence, and the small molybdenum pot is located in the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot.

[0019] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the bottom of the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot is configured as an arc-shaped concave surface.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0021] 1. A panel group is arranged on the furnace body, and a cooling structure is arranged inside the panel group. While the panel group cools down the furnace body, the cooling structure can specifically cool down the conductive sheet and quickly absorb the heat of the conductive sheet;

[0022] 2. Set up a multi-layer insulation box to preserve the heat inside the electrolytic furnace, and at the same time insulate the surface of the electrolytic furnace to improve the efficiency of heat utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the furnace body.

[0025] Figure 3 It is an isometric cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are marked with: 100, furnace body; 101, first heat insulation layer; 102, second heat insulation layer; 103, thermal insulation layer; 110, steel shell;

[0028] 200, rectifier cabinet;

[0029] 300, electrolytic cell; 301, containing tank;

[0030] 400, anode graphite sheet;

[0031] 500, positive electrode conductive sheet;

[0032] 600, panel group; 601, cooling channel; 610, upper panel; 620, panel rack;

[0033] 710, water inlet pipe; 720, water outlet pipe;

[0034] 810, large molybdenum pot; 820, small molybdenum pot;

[0035] 1. Conductive iron plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the utility model, the specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the following embodiment discloses a furnace body structure of an electrolytic furnace, comprising:

[0038] The furnace body 100 has an open top and a hollow structure inside, and is connected to the rectifier cabinet 200 by a positive electrode conductive sheet 500;

[0039] The electrolytic cell 300 has an anode graphite sheet 400 disposed on its inner wall;

[0040] A metal collecting device, located in the electrolytic cell 300;

[0041] The furnace body 100 is provided with a panel group 600 for mounting a conductive sheet, and the panel group 600 is provided with a cooling structure for cooling the conductive sheet.

[0042] The above is the basic solution of this embodiment.

[0043] In this embodiment, the electrolysis principle is consistent with the electrolysis principle of the electrolytic cell 300 in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Specific reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a space is reserved in the center of the electrolytic cell 300 for inserting an electrode rod connected to the cathode conductive sheet. An electrolytic device is formed between the electrode rod and the anode graphite sheet 400 to electrolyze the rare earth material on the electrode rod to form rare earth elements which are collected in the metal collecting device.

[0045] The electrolytic furnace generates a lot of heat when working, which reduces the current efficiency, energy utilization, shortens the life of the electrolytic cell 300, deteriorates the operating environment, and also brings potential safety hazards. The panel group 600 provided on the furnace body 100 can effectively cool the electrolytic furnace, thus solving the above problems to a certain extent.

[0046] At the same time, a panel group 600 is arranged on the furnace body, and the conductive sheet 500 of the whole machine is connected to the panel group 600 to improve the conductive effect and reduce the resistance.

[0047] At the same time, in the present application, a cooling structure is provided for the panel group 600 to effectively reduce the heat of the panel group 600 , thereby further reducing the temperature of the furnace body 100 .

[0048] Specifically, the cooling structure is a cooling channel 601 provided in the panel assembly 600 .

[0049] Furthermore, in order to effectively cool the conductive sheet, a conductive iron plate 1 is provided on the panel assembly 600 for fixing the anode graphite sheet 400 , and the cooling channel 601 is located below the conductive iron plate 1 .

[0050] Preferably, in this embodiment, the cooling channel 601 may be filled with cooling liquid.

[0051] Compared with using only air for heat conduction, injecting coolant to conduct heat to the panel assembly 600 and the conductive iron plate 1 has a better effect, cools down more quickly, and improves the conduction efficiency.

[0052] In this embodiment, the coolant may be water or other liquids with good heat absorption effect.

[0053] In addition, in this embodiment, a water pipe is further provided on the panel assembly 600 , and the water pipe is arranged closely to the positive electrode conductive sheet 500 .

[0054] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the panel group 600 includes an upper panel 610 located at the bottom of the furnace body 100 and a panel frame 620 located at the upper middle part of the furnace body 100. The panel frame 620 is wrapped around the side of the furnace body 100 and connected to the upper panel 610 through a connecting rod.

[0055] The upper panel 610 is fixed to the upper end of the furnace body 100;

[0056] The conductive iron plate 1 is embedded in the upper end surface of the upper panel 610 , so that the cooling channel 601 is located inside the upper panel 610 and close to the upper end surface of the upper panel 610 .

[0057] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the water pipe in this embodiment may include a water inlet pipe 710 and a water outlet pipe 720 that are connected, and the water inlet pipe 710 and the end surface of the positive electrode conductive sheet 500 are in close contact, and the water outlet pipe 720 is located below the water inlet pipe 710.

[0058] The water introduced into the water inlet pipe 710 is room temperature water or ice water, so that the water inlet pipe 710 is in close contact with the positive electrode conductive sheet 500. The room temperature water or ice water can quickly take away the heat on the positive electrode conductive sheet 500 and cool it down.

[0059] And, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the positive conductive sheet 500 extends from the upper surface of the upper panel 610 to the panel frame 620, so that the water pipe is also located inside the panel frame 620. The water pipe cools down the positive conductive sheet 500 while also cooling down the panel frame 620.

[0060] In addition, in this embodiment, the furnace body 100 is also configured to have a heat-insulating structure, and its specific implementation is: the furnace body 100 is provided with a first heat-insulating layer 101, a second heat-insulating layer 102 and a thermal insulation layer 103 from the inside to the outside, and the first heat-insulating layer 101 is wrapped around the outside of the electrolytic cell 300.

[0061] The first thermal insulation layer 101 insulates the electrolytic cell 300 once, so that it keeps the heat inside the electrolytic cell 300 and reduces the conduction to the outer layer; at the same time, the second thermal insulation layer 102 insulates the heat for a second time, further reducing the outward expansion of the heat. At this time, the heat reaching the outside of the second thermal insulation layer 102 is very small, and the thermal insulation layer 103 is set to insulate the internal heat.

[0062] Based on the above arrangement, most of the high temperature generated by the furnace body 100 is maintained inside the furnace body 100, and very little is dissipated to the outside of the furnace body 100, so that the heat on the outer surface of the furnace body 100 is not high. The furnace body is reasonably designed for thermal insulation to ensure that the inner structural parts are within the critical temperature resistance point of the material, while reducing the temperature diffusion in the low heat generation area.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first heat insulation layer 101 , the second heat insulation layer 102 and the thermal insulation layer 103 are separated by the steel shell 110 of the furnace body 100 itself.

[0064] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first thermal insulation layer 101 and the second thermal insulation layer 102 are filled with high temperature resistant castables;

[0065] The thermal insulation layer 103 is filled with thermal insulation cotton.

[0066] In this embodiment, due to the heat insulation effect of the high temperature resistant castable, the temperature of the furnace body 100 can be reduced to 300 degrees, and then the temperature of the outer surface of the furnace body 100 can be reduced to 80-100 degrees by using medium and low temperature insulation with thermal insulation cotton.

[0067] Preferably, in this embodiment, the bottom of the furnace body is also filled with thermal insulation cotton.

[0068] The use of refractory castables to cast the insulation layer not only plays a role in heat insulation, but also makes the furnace body have a relatively strong structural strength, which is sufficient to support the thermal expansion in the electrolytic cell 300, thereby controlling the expansion of the furnace body after heating.

[0069] In this embodiment, the metal collecting device includes a large molybdenum pot 810 and a small molybdenum pot 820 stacked in sequence, and the small molybdenum pot 820 is located in the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot 810.

[0070] Reference Figure 4 As shown, a receiving groove 301 is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 300, a large molybdenum pot 810 is located in the receiving groove 301, and a small molybdenum pot 820 is located in the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot 810. During the electrolysis process, a small amount of rare earth elements formed fall into the large molybdenum pot 810, while most of the rare earth elements fall vertically into the small molybdenum pot 820.

[0071] And, preferably, the bottom of the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot 810 is set to be an arc-shaped concave surface.

[0072] There is a gap between the inner wall of the large molybdenum pot 810 and the outer wall of the small molybdenum pot 820. When a small amount of rare earth element is collected in the large molybdenum pot 810, it falls from the gap and can enter the bottom of the groove of the large molybdenum pot 810 along the small gap formed by the bottom of the small molybdenum pot 820 and the bottom of the large molybdenum pot 810 without adhering to the outer surface of the small molybdenum pot 820, thereby ensuring that the position of the collection part is relatively accurate and convenient for mechanized operation.

[0073] Another benefit of providing the containing tank 301 is that the metal collecting device of the containing tank 301 is kept warm so that the temperature reaches the electrolysis temperature, and the electrolysis can proceed normally.

[0074] At the same time, in this embodiment, during the electrolysis process, due to the high-speed rotation of the furnace body 100, the rare earth element formed by electrolysis performs centrifugal motion and flies out. In this embodiment, the upper groove wall of the containing groove 301 is set to an inclined surface, and the inner diameter of the upper end is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end. When the rare earth element flies out under the action of centrifugal motion, it falls on the groove wall of the containing groove 301 and can slide down along the inclined surface, thereby being collected in the small molybdenum pot 820 below the inclined surface.

[0075] Preferably, in this embodiment, the depth of the small molybdenum pot 820 is less than the depth of the accommodating groove 301 , and is preferably located below the inclined surface of the accommodating groove 301 .

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A furnace structure of an electrolytic furnace, comprising: The furnace body has an open upper end and a hollow structure inside, and a positive electrode conductive sheet (500) is connected between the furnace body and the rectifier cabinet (200); An electrolytic cell (300) having an anode graphite sheet (400) disposed on its inner wall; A metal collecting device located in the electrolytic cell (300); Features: The furnace body is provided with a panel group (600) for mounting a conductive sheet, and the panel group (600) is provided with a cooling structure for cooling the conductive sheet.

2. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling structure is a cooling channel (601) arranged in the panel group (600).

3. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The panel group (600) is provided with a conductive iron plate (1) for fixing the anode graphite sheet (400), and the cooling channel (601) is located below the conductive iron plate (1).

4. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The cooling channel (601) can be filled with cooling liquid.

5. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel group (600) is also provided with a water pipe, and the water pipe is arranged in close contact with the positive electrode conductive sheet (500).

6. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first heat insulation layer (101), a second heat insulation layer (102) and a thermal insulation layer (103) are sequentially arranged in the furnace body from the inside to the outside, and the first heat insulation layer (101) is wrapped around the outside of the electrolytic cell (300).

7. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first heat insulation layer (101) and the second heat insulation layer (102) are filled with high temperature resistant castable; The thermal insulation layer (103) is filled with thermal insulation cotton.

8. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal collecting device comprises a large molybdenum pot (810) and a small molybdenum pot (820) stacked in sequence, and the small molybdenum pot (820) is located in the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot (810).

9. The furnace body structure of the electrolytic furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the pot groove of the large molybdenum pot (810) is configured as an arc-shaped concave surface.

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