Soft rock tunnel supporting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soft rock tunnel supporting device which comprises a first supporting assembly and a second supporting assembly, the first supporting assembly comprises a first supporting net and an anchor rod, the first supporting net is laid on the inner wall face of a tunnel, one end of the anchor rod is connected with the first supporting net, and the other end of the anchor rod is arranged in a soft rock layer. The second supporting assembly comprises a supporting frame, a second supporting net and a second reinforcing piece, the supporting frame is arranged in the tunnel and abuts against the inner wall face of the tunnel, the second supporting net is laid on the supporting frame, the second reinforcing piece is arranged on the second supporting net, and at least part of the second reinforcing piece is located between the supporting frame and the second supporting net; the second reinforcing piece is used for connecting the inner wall face of the tunnel, the first supporting net, the supporting frame and the second supporting net. According to the soft rock tunnel supporting device, the construction progress can be effectively accelerated, the construction period can be effectively shortened, and the soft rock tunnel supporting device has the advantages of being fast in operation and high in economic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of soft rock tunnel support, in particular to a soft rock tunnel support device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels in soft or broken rock formations have poor self-stabilization capabilities and can remain stable for a short period of time, but will collapse over time. Therefore, after the tunnel is excavated, the top surface of the tunnel needs to be supported quickly to ensure the safety of the structure.

[0003] In the related technology, after the tunnel is excavated, the primary support is carried out, and the primary support generally adopts anchor net support. Then the secondary support is carried out under the protection of the primary support. The secondary support generally adopts reinforced concrete structure. However, when the reinforced concrete structure is used for the secondary support, the process of steel bar binding and concrete pouring is cumbersome and time-consuming, which makes the tunnel prone to secondary collapse during the construction process. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. Tunnel engineering construction distance is long and difficult. During the construction process, the ground deformation and collapse are prone to occur, which poses a great threat to the safety of construction personnel. Therefore, timely support of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation is a key project. To this end, the embodiment of the utility model proposes a soft rock tunnel support device. By constructing the support device through this method, the construction progress can be effectively accelerated, the construction period can be shortened, and it has the advantages of fast operation and high economic value.

[0005] The soft rock tunnel support device of the embodiment of the utility model comprises:

[0006] A first support assembly, wherein the first support assembly comprises a first support net and an anchor rod, wherein the first support net is laid on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, one end of the anchor rod is connected to the first support net, and the other end of the anchor rod is arranged in the soft rock layer;

[0007] The second support assembly comprises a support frame, a second support net and a second reinforcement member, the support frame is arranged in the tunnel and is pressed against the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the second support net is laid on the support frame, the second reinforcement member is arranged on the second support net, at least part of the second reinforcement member is located between the support frame and the second support net, and the second reinforcement member is used to connect the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the first support net, the support frame and the second support net.

[0008] The soft rock tunnel support device of the embodiment of the utility model first supports the tunnel once through the first support component, and then performs secondary support through the second support component, thereby reducing the excavation section, reducing the disturbance to the broken surrounding rock during construction, reducing the working time of personnel under unstable surrounding rock, and ensuring construction safety. During the secondary support, a support frame is first used to support the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and then a second support net is laid on the support frame, and finally the support frame and the second support net are connected through the second reinforcement. In this process, the construction speed is fast, the efficiency is high, the operation is simple, and the time consumption is short.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are multiple support frames, and the multiple support frames are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distance between adjacent support frames is 0.5 m to 1.2 m.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support frame includes a first support leg, a second support leg and a support segment, one end of the first support segment is connected to one end of the support leg, the other end of the support segment is connected to one end of the second support leg, and the support segment is in an arc shape protruding toward the top of the tunnel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the other end of the first supporting leg and the other end of the second supporting leg are both located below the bottom surface of the tunnel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second support assembly further includes a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is used to connect the second support net and the support frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first support assembly further includes a first reinforcement member, which is disposed on the first support net, and the first reinforcement member is used to connect the first support net and the inner wall surface of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a soft rock tunnel supporting device according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0017] Figure numerals: 1. first support assembly; 11. first support net; 12. anchor rod; 2. second support assembly; 21. support frame; 211. first support leg; 212. second support leg; 213. support section; 22. second support net; 3. tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the soft rock tunnel support device of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a first support assembly 1 and a second support assembly 2. The first support assembly 1 comprises a first support net 11 and an anchor rod 12, wherein the first support net 11 is laid on the inner wall surface of the tunnel 3, one end of the anchor rod 12 is connected to the first support net 11, and the other end of the anchor rod 12 is arranged in the soft rock layer.

[0020] Specifically, the laying of the first support net 11 makes it difficult for gravel to fall. In addition to fixing the first support net 11, the anchor rod 12 can also stabilize the rock layer, that is, the rock layer is formed into a stable arch structure through the anchor rod 12, and under the joint action of the first support net 11, the surrounding rock is temporarily in a stable state.

[0021] The second support assembly 2 includes a support frame 21, a second support net 22 and a second reinforcement member (not shown). The support frame 21 is arranged in the tunnel 3 and is pressed against the inner wall surface of the tunnel 3. The second support net 22 is laid on the support frame 21. The second reinforcement member is arranged on the second support net 22. At least part of the second reinforcement member is located between the support frame 21 and the second support net 22. The second reinforcement member is used to connect the inner wall surface of the tunnel 3, the first support net 11, the support frame 21 and the second support net 22.

[0022] The soft rock tunnel support device of the embodiment of the utility model first supports the tunnel 3 with the first support component 1, and then performs secondary support with the second support component 2, which reduces the excavation section, reduces the disturbance to the broken surrounding rock during construction, reduces the working time of personnel under unstable surrounding rock, and ensures construction safety. During the secondary support, the inner wall surface of the tunnel 3 is first supported by the support frame 21, and then the second support net 22 is laid on the support frame 21, and finally the support frame 21 and the second support net 22 are connected by the second reinforcement. In this process, the construction speed is fast, the efficiency is high, the operation is simple, and the time consumption is short. Compared with the prior art, the secondary support adopts a reinforced concrete structure, which effectively shortens the interval time between the primary support and the secondary support.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are multiple support frames 21, and the multiple support frames 21 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel 3, which can effectively improve the support effect on the inner wall of the tunnel 3 and ensure the stability of the surrounding rock.

[0024] The distance between adjacent support frames 21 is 0.5m to 1.2m. Specifically, when the distance between adjacent support frames 21 is 0.5m, the supporting effect of the support frames 21 on the surrounding rock can be effectively improved, the stability of the surrounding rock can be ensured, and thus the safety of the workers during construction can be ensured.

[0025] When the distance between adjacent support frames 21 is 1.2 m, it can not only effectively improve the supporting effect of the support frames 21 on the surrounding rocks and ensure the stability of the surrounding rocks, but also reduce the use of the support frames 21 and save costs.

[0026] In some embodiments, the support frame 21 includes a first support leg 211, a second support leg 212, and a support segment 213, one end of the support segment 213 is connected to one end of the first support leg 211 (such as Figure 1 The other end of the support section 213 is connected to one end of the second support leg 212 (as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The support section 213 is connected to the upper end of the second support leg 212 shown in the figure, and the support section 213 is in an arc shape that protrudes toward the top of the tunnel 3 to fit the curvature of the top surface of the tunnel 3, thereby improving the supporting effect of the support section 213 on the surrounding rock.

[0027] Specifically, the support frame 21 has a simple structure and can be prefabricated in batches, saving production time and cost. When installing the support frame 21, firstly, the upper end of the first support leg 211 and one end of the support section 213 are bolted to the upper end of the second support leg 212 and the other end of the support section 213 outside the tunnel 3, so as to realize on-site assembly, with high assembly efficiency and fast construction speed, which effectively shortens the interval time between the primary support and the secondary support.

[0028] In some embodiments, the other end of the first support leg 211 (eg Figure 1 The lower end of the first supporting leg 211 shown in FIG. 1 and the other end of the second supporting leg 212 (as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The lower ends of the second supporting legs 212 shown are all located below the bottom surface of the tunnel 3, so that the support frame 21 is installed more stably.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second support assembly 2 also includes a connecting piece (not shown), which is used to connect the second support net 22 and the support frame 21, so that the second support net 22 and the support frame 21 are firmly connected, further improving the ability of the second support net 22 to resist the increase in internal stress of the tunnel 3.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first support assembly 1 also includes a first reinforcement (not shown), which is arranged on the first support net 11. The first reinforcement is used to connect the first support net 11 and the inner wall of the tunnel 3, close the first support net 11, reduce block falling, improve the supporting effect of the first support net 11 for the surrounding rock, and ensure construction safety during secondary support.

[0031] The soft rock tunnel support method of the utility model embodiment includes:

[0032] S1. Lay the first supporting net 11 on the inner wall surface of the tunnel 3 and install anchor rods 12.

[0033] Specifically, after tunnel 3 is excavated, the first supporting net 11 is laid along the excavation contour of tunnel 3, and then anchor rods 12 are set to fix the first supporting net 11, so that the first supporting net 11 is firmly installed on the inner wall surface of tunnel 3 to ensure that gravel and the like are not easy to fall off.

[0034] S2. A support frame 21 is set in the tunnel 3, a second support net 22 is laid on the support frame 21, and concrete is sprayed.

[0035] Specifically, first, a support frame 21 is installed close to the first support net 11 during the primary support, and multiple support frames 21 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel 3. Then, a second support net 22 is laid on the outside of the support frame 21. The second support net 22 can be tied to the support frame 21 to play the role of inner annular steel bars, which can effectively resist the radial stress and annular stress applied to the inner side of the tunnel 3 caused by the ground stress and the deadweight of the surrounding rock. Finally, concrete is sprayed to seal the support frame 21 and the second support net 22. After the concrete solidifies, a second reinforcement is formed.

[0036] The soft rock tunnel support method of the embodiment of the utility model first supports the tunnel 3 by the first support component 1, and then performs secondary support by the second support component 2, which effectively ensures the safety of construction. Moreover, when performing secondary support, the operation is simple, the construction speed is fast, the efficiency is high, and the time consumption is short.

[0037] In some embodiments, after S1 and before S2, the soft rock tunnel 3 support method further includes:

[0038] S11, spraying concrete on the first supporting net 11.

[0039] Specifically, when block falling still occurs after using the first supporting net 11 and anchor rods 12, threatening construction safety, it is necessary to spray concrete on the first supporting net 11, seal the first supporting net 11, and allow the concrete to solidify to form a first reinforcement, which can effectively reduce block falling and ensure construction safety during secondary support.

[0040] In some embodiments, in S2, the shotcrete is constructed in two steps.

[0041] Specifically, during the first shotcrete spraying, the concrete is sprayed between the support frame 21 and the second support net 22. After the concrete solidifies, a second reinforcement piece is formed to seal and connect the support frame 21 and the second support net 22, thereby supporting the tunnel 3. During the second shotcrete spraying, the concrete is sprayed on the second support net 22. After the concrete solidifies, a second reinforcement piece is also formed to further strengthen the support of the tunnel 3.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0046] In the present utility model, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0047] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel support device, characterized in that: include: A first support assembly (1), the first support assembly (1) comprising a first support net (11) and an anchor rod (12), the first support net (11) being laid on the inner wall surface of the tunnel (3), one end of the anchor rod (12) being connected to the first support net (11), and the other end of the anchor rod (12) being arranged in a soft rock layer; A second support assembly (2), the second support assembly (2) comprising a support frame (21), a second support net (22) and a second reinforcement member, the support frame (21) being arranged in the tunnel (3) and being in close contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel (3), the second support net (22) being laid on the support frame (21), the second reinforcement member being arranged on the second support net (22), at least part of the second reinforcement member being located between the support frame (21) and the second support net (22), and the second reinforcement member being used for connecting the inner wall surface of the tunnel (3), the first support net (11), the support frame (21) and the second support net (22).

2. The soft rock tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of support frames (21), and the plurality of support frames (21) are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel (3).

3. The soft rock tunnel support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent support frames (21) is 0.5m to 1.2m.

4. The soft rock tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (21) comprises a first support leg (211), a second support leg (212) and a support section (213); one end of the support section (213) is connected to one end of the first support leg (211), and the other end of the support section (213) is connected to one end of the second support leg (212); the support section (213) is in an arc shape protruding toward the top of the tunnel (3).

5. The soft rock tunnel support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the first supporting leg (211) and the other end of the second supporting leg (212) are both located below the bottom surface of the tunnel (3).

6. The soft rock tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second support assembly (2) further comprises a connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece is used to connect the second support net (22) and the support frame (21).

7. The soft rock tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support assembly (1) further comprises a first reinforcement member, the first reinforcement member being arranged on the first support net (11), the first reinforcement member being used to connect the first support net (11) and the inner wall surface of the tunnel (3).

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