Composite support device for reinforcing existing support of roadway
Through the use of composite support devices, combined with the combined structure of reinforced support anchor belt, first reinforcement truss, guard single body and top beam, the problem of poor reinforcement effect of existing support reinforcement structures in high-stress areas and deformation support parts in existing tunnels is solved, and efficient reinforcement of tunnels and roofs is achieved, ensuring normal pushing and construction safety of working faces.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421672530.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-15
AI Technical Summary
The existing support and reinforcement structures in existing tunnels have poor reinforcement and support in high-stress areas or deformed areas, and the roof reinforcement effect is limited.
The composite support device is adopted, including a first support reinforcement mechanism and a second support reinforcement mechanism. The first support reinforcement mechanism combines the support anchor belt and the first reinforcement truss, and the second support reinforcement mechanism combines vertically with the combination of the support single body and the top beam to adapt to different space limitations, so as to achieve the reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt and the synchronous reinforcement of the top plate.
It improves the reinforcement effect of the high-stress area and deformation part of the tunnel, ensures normal push and harvest of the working surface, enhances the reinforcement stability and safety performance of the roof plate, and reduces construction costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222759812U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a composite supporting device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel. Background Art
[0002] Protective coal pillars refer to the unmined coal resources that are specially reserved during the coal mining process in order to protect the rock strata and surface objects (such as buildings, water bodies, transportation routes, etc.) above them from the impact of mining disturbances. These coal pillars are similar to isolation zones and load-bearing walls, and play a role in protecting against water, ground pressure, etc. from damaging the surface and roadways.
[0003] In order to ensure the stability of mines in old areas, normal production continuity and efficient recycling of resources, it is necessary to recycle the protective coal pillars. The protective coal pillars generally cause stress superposition due to the layout of the mining site. When the coal mine is multi-seamed, the stress superposition is particularly obvious. During the mining period, the working face chute is severely deformed by the influence of mining and the superimposed stress of the original tunnel. In order to ensure the normal mining of the working face, the original support structure of the tunnel needs to be repaired and reinforced.
[0004] At present, in order to reduce the workload of repair and reinforcement, the existing support anchor belts of the tunnel are generally reinforced by anchor rods, anchor cables and anchor belts. However, the tensile strength and bending stiffness of the anchor belts are small, and they are easily damaged when subjected to large loads. Therefore, the anchor belts have poor reinforcement effect on high stress areas or deformed side areas. Similarly, the existing support at the top plate of the tunnel is also reinforced by installing anchor belts, and the reinforcement effect is limited. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to solve the technical problems in the above-mentioned background technology that the existing tunnel existing support reinforcement structure has poor anti-deformation ability and limited reinforcement effect and safety performance, the utility model provides a composite support device for strengthening the existing support of the tunnel.
[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0007] The utility model provides a composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel, comprising a first side reinforcement mechanism and a second side reinforcement mechanism, the first side reinforcement mechanism comprising a reinforcement support anchor belt and a first reinforcement truss, the setting direction of the reinforcement support anchor belt is perpendicular to the setting direction of the existing support anchor belt at the side of the mining channel, the reinforcement support anchor belt spans across a number of existing support anchor belts, the first reinforcement truss is parallel to the reinforcement support anchor belt, the first reinforcement truss is arranged in the side stress concentration area, the first reinforcement truss is used instead of the anchor belt to ensure the effectiveness of reinforcement of the side stress concentration area, the reinforcement support anchor belt and the first reinforcement truss are both fixed by anchor cables; the second side reinforcement mechanism comprises The vertically arranged guardrail units are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the sidewalk side. The top of the guardrail unit reinforces and supports the existing support anchor belt on the top plate through the top beam. A number of guardrail plates are clamped and fixed between the guardrail unit and the sidewalk side. The coordinated use of the first side reinforcement mechanism and the second side reinforcement mechanism can effectively adapt to the different spatial limitations of the mining side side and the sidewalk side while reinforcing the existing support anchor belt. The overall adaptability is strong, different reinforcement methods can be selected according to different spaces, and the construction efficiency is high. In addition, the second side reinforcement mechanism not only realizes the reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt of the side, but also realizes the synchronous reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt of the top plate.
[0008] Preferably, the first reinforcement truss spans across several existing support anchor belts at the side wall of the mining channel, thereby ensuring the reinforcement effect while reducing the number of first reinforcement trusses used.
[0009] Preferably, the first reinforcement truss is located below the reinforced support anchor belt. Due to the influence of stress, the deformation degree of the lower part of the side is higher than that of the upper part. The deformed part is reinforced and repaired by the first reinforcement truss, which effectively improves the reinforcement effect. With the use of the reinforced support anchor belt, there is no need to use the first reinforcement truss for reinforcement in all positions, which effectively reduces the construction cost.
[0010] Preferably, the guardrail unit is a single hydraulic support structure, and the guard plate is perpendicular to the existing support anchor belt on the side of the sidewalk to reduce the number of guard plates used. The guard plate spans several guardrail units, and a base is installed at the bottom of the guardrail unit, which increases the pressure-bearing area of the bottom plate, reduces the bottom drum volume, and improves the support stability.
[0011] Preferably, it also includes a first top plate reinforcement mechanism, which expands the top plate reinforcement methods and improves adaptability. The first top plate reinforcement mechanism is provided with a second reinforcement truss, and the second reinforcement truss is fixed by an anchor cable. The second reinforcement truss is connected to two adjacent existing support anchor belts at the top plate, and adjacent second reinforcement trusses are staggered, thereby reducing the number of second reinforcement trusses used.
[0012] Preferably, it also includes a second top plate reinforcement mechanism, which further expands the method of reinforcing the top plate. The second top plate reinforcement mechanism is provided with a steel shed, which is horizontally placed on the top beam. The steel shed is perpendicular to the top beam and spans several top beams, thereby expanding the support area and further improving the firmness of the reinforcement support for the top plate.
[0013] Preferably, the steel shed is parallel to the existing support anchor belts on the top plate, and the steel shed is located between two adjacent existing support anchor belts, so as to reinforce the unsupported area of the top plate, thereby improving the reinforcement stability and safety of the top plate.
[0014] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the utility model are:
[0015] 1. The coordinated use of the first side reinforcement mechanism and the second side reinforcement mechanism can reinforce the existing support anchor belt, effectively adapting to the different space limitations of the mining side side and the sidewalk side. The overall adaptability is strong, and different reinforcement methods can be selected according to different spaces. The construction efficiency is high, and the second side reinforcement mechanism not only realizes the reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt of the side, but also realizes the synchronous reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt of the top plate. Among them, the coordinated use of the strengthened support anchor belt and the first reinforcement truss improves the reinforcement effect of the stress concentration area, ensures the normal mining of the working face, and does not need to use the first reinforcement truss for reinforcement in all positions, effectively reducing the construction cost. The top plate is reinforced with a top beam, and an anchor belt structure is not used, which ensures the reinforcement effect and safety performance of the top plate.
[0016] 2. The setting of the first top plate reinforcement mechanism and the second top plate reinforcement mechanism expands the top plate reinforcement methods and further improves the overall adaptability of the composite support device. The adjacent second reinforcement trusses of the first top plate reinforcement mechanism are staggered to reduce the number of second reinforcement trusses used. The steel shed of the second top plate reinforcement mechanism is located between two adjacent existing support anchor belts to reinforce the unsupported area of the top plate, thereby improving the reinforcement stability and safety of the top plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement support structure of the existing support of the side wall of the trench mining according to one or more embodiments of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of a reinforcement support structure of an existing support of a non-mining side wall (sidewalk wall) of a drift according to one or more embodiments of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first top plate reinforcement mechanism of an existing top plate support according to one or more embodiments of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second top plate reinforcement mechanism for existing top plate support according to one or more embodiments of the utility model;
[0022] The components represented by the reference numerals in the figure are:
[0023] 1. Existing anchor rods; 2. Existing supporting anchor belts; 3. Anchor cables; 4. Strengthening supporting anchor belts; 5. First reinforcement truss; 6. Top beam; 7. Guard unit; 8. Guard plate; 9. Base; 10. Steel shed; 11. Second reinforcement truss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.
[0025] In a typical implementation of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a composite support device for strengthening the existing support of the tunnel is proposed, including: a first side reinforcement mechanism, a second side reinforcement mechanism, a first top plate reinforcement mechanism and a second top plate reinforcement mechanism, wherein, due to the limitation of the construction space, the first side reinforcement mechanism is used to reinforce the existing support of the side of the sidewalk mining in the high stress area, and the second side reinforcement mechanism is used to reinforce the existing support of the side of the sidewalk in the high stress area; the first top plate reinforcement mechanism and the second top plate reinforcement mechanism are used in combination to meet the needs of different reinforcement conditions of the top plate in the high stress area.
[0026] The first side reinforcement mechanism includes an anchor cable 3, a reinforced support anchor belt 4 and a first reinforcement truss 5. The setting direction of the reinforced support anchor belt 4 is perpendicular to the setting direction of the existing support anchor belt 2 at the side of the trench mining. The reinforced support anchor belt 4 spans over several existing support anchor belts 2 and is fixed by the anchor cable 3 to reinforce the existing support anchor belt 2. Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the reinforced support anchor belt 4 is arranged horizontally, and the reinforced support anchor belt 4 crosses several existing support anchor belts 2 arranged vertically at the side walls of the longitudinal mining. The reinforced support anchor belt 4 is fixed by an anchor cable 3. The reinforced support anchor belt 4 is located between adjacent existing anchor rods 1 to reinforce the existing support anchor belt 2.
[0027] The setting direction of the first reinforcement truss 5 is the same as the setting direction of the reinforcement support anchor belt 4, that is, the first reinforcement truss 5 is parallel to the reinforcement support anchor belt 4, and the first reinforcement truss 5 also spans several existing support anchor belts 2. The first reinforcement truss 5 is a U-shaped steel structure. The first reinforcement truss 5 is located below the reinforcement support anchor belt 4. The first reinforcement truss 5 is set in a high stress area or a deformation area of the side (that is, the stress concentration area of the side), and the first reinforcement truss 5 is fixed at the side by the anchor cable 3. In this embodiment, the reinforcement support anchor belt 4 is located 1.5 meters below the top plate, and the first reinforcement truss 5 is located 2.5 meters below the top plate.
[0028] Affected by stress, the deformation degree of the lower part of the side is higher than that of the upper part. The deformed part is reinforced and repaired by the first reinforcement truss 5, which effectively improves the reinforcement effect. With the use of the reinforced support anchor belt 4, there is no need to use the first reinforcement truss 5 for reinforcement in all positions, which effectively reduces the construction cost.
[0029] It is understandable that the specific number of reinforced support anchor belts 4 and first reinforcement trusses 5 used can be determined according to actual construction requirements, and no excessive restrictions are made here.
[0030] The second sidewall reinforcement mechanism includes a top beam 6, a sidewall protection unit 7 and a sidewall protection plate 8. A plurality of sidewall protection units 7 are provided. The sidewall protection units 7 are vertically arranged. The plurality of sidewall protection units 7 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the sidewalk sidewall. The sidewall protection unit 7 is an existing single hydraulic support structure. The top of the sidewall protection unit 7 supports and reinforces the existing support anchor belt 2 on the top plate through the top beam 6. The top beam 6 is π-shaped steel. A plurality of sidewall protection plates 8 are clamped and fixed between the sidewall protection unit 7 and the sidewalk sidewall. Figure 2 As shown, the guard plate 8 is perpendicular to the existing support anchor belt 2 on the side of the sidewalk, and the guard plate 8 spans across a number of guard plates 7 to reinforce the existing support anchor belt 2 on the side of the sidewalk. In this embodiment, the guard plate 8 is a wooden board structure, and the guard plate 8 is spaced apart up and down and is located between adjacent existing anchor rods 1.
[0031] The coordinated use of the first side reinforcement mechanism and the second side reinforcement mechanism can effectively adapt to the different space limitations of the mining side side and the sidewalk side while reinforcing the existing support anchor belt 2. It has strong overall adaptability, can select different reinforcement methods according to different spaces, and has high construction efficiency. In addition, the second side reinforcement mechanism not only realizes the reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt 2 of the side, but also realizes the synchronous reinforcement of the existing support anchor belt 2 of the top plate.
[0032] A base 9 is installed at the bottom of the side guard unit 7, so as to expand the contact area between the side guard unit 7 and the bottom plate through the base 9, thereby increasing the pressure-bearing area of the bottom plate, reducing the bottom drum volume, and improving the support stability.
[0033] The first top plate reinforcement mechanism includes a plurality of second reinforcement trusses 11, the second reinforcement trusses 11 are fixedly connected to the top plate through anchor cables 3, two adjacent existing support anchor belts 2 at the top plate are fixedly connected and reinforced by the second reinforcement trusses 11, and adjacent second reinforcement trusses 11 are staggered to reduce the number of second reinforcement trusses 11 used.
[0034] The second top plate reinforcement mechanism includes a plurality of steel sheds 10, which are horizontally placed on the top beam 6 of the second side reinforcement mechanism. The steel sheds 10 are perpendicular to the top beam 6. The steel sheds 10 span across a plurality of top beams 6 to cooperate with the top beams 6 to form a horizontally and vertically arranged support structure, thereby expanding the support area and further improving the firmness of the reinforcement support for the top plate.
[0035] Among them, the top beam 6 of the second side reinforcement mechanism is perpendicular to the existing support anchor belt 2 on the top plate, the steel shed 10 is parallel to the existing support anchor belt 2 on the top plate, the top beam 6 is used to simultaneously reinforce several existing support anchor belts 2, and the steel shed 10 is located between two adjacent existing support anchor belts 2, and is used to reinforce the unsupported area of the top plate, thereby improving the reinforcement stability and safety of the top plate.
[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A composite support device for strengthening existing support in a tunnel, comprising: The first side reinforcement mechanism and the second side reinforcement mechanism are characterized in that the first side reinforcement mechanism comprises a reinforced support anchor belt (4) and a first reinforced truss (5), the setting direction of the reinforced support anchor belt (4) is perpendicular to the setting direction of the existing support anchor belt (2) at the side of the mining side of the trench, the reinforced support anchor belt (4) spans a plurality of existing support anchor belts (2), the first reinforced truss (5) is parallel to the reinforced support anchor belt (4), the first reinforced truss (5) is arranged in the stress concentration area of the side, and the reinforced support anchor belt (4) and the first reinforced truss (5) are both fixed by anchor cables (3); the second side reinforcement mechanism comprises a vertically arranged side guard monomer (7), the side guard monomer (7) is arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the side of the sidewalk, the top of the side guard monomer (7) reinforces and supports the existing support anchor belt (2) on the top plate through a top beam (6), and a plurality of side guard plates (8) are clamped and fixed between the side guard monomer (7) and the side of the sidewalk.
2. A composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reinforcement truss (5) spans across a plurality of existing support anchor belts (2) at the sidewall of the mining trench.
3. A composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reinforcement truss (5) is located below the reinforcement support anchor belt (4).
4. A composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guarding unit (7) is a unit hydraulic support structure. The guarding plate (8) is perpendicular to the existing support anchor belt (2) on the side of the sidewalk. The guarding plate (8) spans across a plurality of guarding units (7). A base (9) is installed at the bottom of the guarding unit (7).
5. A composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first top plate reinforcement mechanism, the first top plate reinforcement mechanism is provided with a second reinforcement truss (11), the second reinforcement truss (11) is fixed by an anchor cable (3), the second reinforcement truss (11) is connected to two adjacent existing support anchor belts (2) at the top plate, and adjacent second reinforcement trusses (11) are staggered.
6. A composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second top plate reinforcement mechanism, which is provided with a steel shed (10). The steel shed (10) is horizontally placed on the top beam (6). The steel shed (10) is perpendicular to the top beam (6), and the steel shed (10) spans a plurality of top beams (6).
7. A composite support device for strengthening existing support of a tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steel shed (10) is parallel to the existing support anchor belts (2) on the top plate, and the steel shed (10) is located between two adjacent existing support anchor belts (2).