Device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon residues
By using two-stage grinding powder and two-stage flotation device in aluminum electrolytic carbon slag, the problem of difficulty in removing inorganic fluoride and cyanide and extracting high-purity carbon powder in the prior art is solved, and efficient extraction and purification of carbon powder is achieved, with a purity of 80-90%.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421360187.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-14
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively remove inorganic fluoride and cyanide from aluminum electrolytic carbon slag and extract high-purity carbon powder, resulting in a low fixed carbon content of the carbon powder and difficult to meet higher usage requirements.
A two-stage grinding and two-stage flotation device is adopted, including a first-stage grinding machine, a first-stage flotation machine, a dehydrator, a second-stage grinding machine, a second-stage flotation machine and a filter press. Through the use of flotation agent and a foaming agent, the grinding, flotation and dehydration of the carbon slag is achieved, and the high-purity carbon powder is finally obtained.
Through this device, the inorganic fluoride and cyanide in the carbon slag can be removed, making it harmless, and the carbon powder in the carbon slag can be effectively extracted and purified, and the purity is increased to 80-90%.
Smart Images
Figure CN222778193U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon powder recovery equipment in aluminum electrolysis carbon slag, and in particular relates to a device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag. Background Art
[0002] In the process of electrolytic production of metallic aluminum, the generation of carbon slag is inevitable. The reasons for the generation of carbon slag are: (1) uneven combustion and selective oxidation of the carbon anode lead to the shedding of carbon particles; (2) carbon cathode produces carbon particles peeling off under the erosion and scouring of aluminum liquid and electrolyte; (3) secondary reactions in the electrolysis process generate free solid carbon; (4) mechanical losses caused by improper operation. Among them, (1) is the main reason for the generation of carbon slag.
[0003] According to statistics, about 5 kg to 15 kg of carbon slag is discharged for every ton of primary aluminum produced. Due to the immersion and penetration of electrolytes, the electrolyte content in carbon slag is very high, accounting for about 60% to 70% of the weight of carbon slag. Its main components are cryolite, sub-cryolite, a small amount of aluminum oxide and calcium fluoride.
[0004] Since fluoride salts need to be added during the aluminum electrolysis production process, part of the fluoride enters the atmosphere in gaseous form, and the other part remains in the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the concentration of fluoride in the electrolytic cell carbon slag after leaching is very high and highly alkaline. This waste slag is very harmful to the environment. If it is not properly disposed of, it will pollute the soil and groundwater.
[0005] Moreover, in the existing treatment methods for carbon slag produced by aluminum electrolysis, the fixed carbon content of carbon powder is low and the ash content is high, which makes it difficult to meet more usage requirements. Summary of the invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag, which can remove inorganic fluoride and cyanide in the carbon slag to make them harmless and effectively extract and purify the carbon powder in the carbon slag.
[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolytic carbon slag, comprising a primary grinding mill, a primary flotation machine, a dehydrator, a secondary grinding mill, a secondary flotation machine and a filter press, the discharge end of the primary grinding mill is connected to the feed end of the primary flotation machine, the discharge end of the primary flotation machine is connected to the feed end of the dehydrator, the discharge end of the dehydrator is connected to the feed end of the secondary grinding mill, the discharge end of the secondary grinding mill is connected to the feed end of the secondary flotation machine, and the discharge end of the secondary flotation machine is connected to the feed end of the filter press.
[0008] Furthermore, the discharge end of the above-mentioned first-stage grinding mill is connected to the feed end of the first-stage flotation machine through a pump and a pipeline, and the first-stage grinding mill is also connected to the flotation agent addition pump 1 and the frother addition pump 1 through two pipelines, and the flotation agent addition pump 1 and the frother addition pump 1 are connected to the flotation agent storage tank and the frother storage tank through pipelines.
[0009] Furthermore, the discharge end of the primary flotation machine is connected to the feed port of the dehydrator by pumping.
[0010] Furthermore, the discharge end of the dehydrator is connected to the feed port of the secondary grinding mill through a screw conveyor.
[0011] Furthermore, the discharge end of the above-mentioned secondary grinding mill is connected to the feed end of the secondary flotation machine through a pump and a pipeline, and the secondary grinding mill is also connected to the flotation agent addition pump 2 and the frother addition pump 2 through two pipelines, and the flotation agent addition pump 2 and the frother addition pump 2 are connected to the flotation agent storage tank and the frother storage tank through pipelines.
[0012] Furthermore, the discharge end of the secondary flotation machine is connected to the feed port of the filter press by pumping.
[0013] Furthermore, the crushing particle size of the above-mentioned first-stage grinding mill is not less than 100 meshes.
[0014] Furthermore, the crushing particle size of the above-mentioned secondary grinding mill is 200~600 mesh.
[0015] A device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag also includes a drying device, and the discharge end of the filter press is connected to the feed port of the drying device through a conveyor belt.
[0016] Beneficial effects of the utility model: Compared with the prior art, the utility model can remove inorganic fluoride and cyanide in carbon slag through two-stage grinding and two-stage flotation, making them harmless, and effectively extract and purify carbon powder in carbon slag, with the purity increased to 80-90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process principle of a device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0019] Example 1: Figure 1As shown, a device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag includes a primary grinding mill 1, a primary flotation machine 2, a dehydrator 3, a secondary grinding mill 4, a secondary flotation machine 5 and a filter press 6, the discharge end of the primary grinding mill 1 is connected to the feed end of the primary flotation machine 2, the discharge end of the primary flotation machine 2 is connected to the feed end of the dehydrator 3, the discharge end of the dehydrator 3 is connected to the feed end of the secondary grinding mill 4, the discharge end of the secondary grinding mill 4 is connected to the feed end of the secondary flotation machine 5, and the discharge end of the secondary flotation machine 5 is connected to the feed end of the filter press 6. Flotation agent and frother are added to the primary grinding mill 1 and the secondary grinding mill 4 to grind in a wet state. The primary flotation machine performs one flotation to remove fluoride salts once. The remaining carbon powder slurry enters a dehydrator for dehydration. The dehydrated carbon powder is sent to the secondary grinding mill for grinding. After grinding, it is sent to the secondary flotation machine for secondary flotation to remove fluoride salts twice. Through two flotations, the carbon powder has higher purity and less fluoride salt. The carbon powder slurry after two flotations is sent to a filter press for dehydration and dried by a drying device to finally obtain carbon powder with higher purity, thereby realizing the recycling of electrolytic carbon slag.
[0020] Among them, the feed hopper of the first-level grinding mill 1 is connected to the inclined feeding conveyor belt, and a feeding partition is arranged on the belt of the feeding conveyor belt. The material is fed into the first-level grinding mill through the partition. A feeding hopper is installed on the feeding conveyor belt to facilitate feeding. The discharge end of the first-level grinding mill 1 is provided with a valve. After the grinding is completed, it is connected to the feed end of the first-level flotation machine 2 through a pump and a pipeline. The first-level grinding mill 1 is also connected to a flotation agent adding pump 1 and a foaming agent adding pump 1 through two pipelines. The flotation agent adding pump 1 and the foaming agent adding pump 1 are respectively connected to the flotation agent storage box and the foaming agent storage box through pipelines, so as to realize the addition of flotation agent and foaming agent.
[0021] The discharge end of the primary flotation machine 2 is connected to the feed port of the dehydrator 3 by pumping. The pumping method includes connecting a pump and a pipeline. A valve is installed on the pipeline. The valve and the pneumatic pump are opened to quickly transport the carbon powder slurry after flotation by the primary flotation machine.
[0022] The discharge end of the dehydrator 3 is connected to the feed port of the secondary grinding mill 4 through a screw conveyor, and the carbon powder mud sent out from the discharge end of the dehydrator 3 is fed into the feed port of the screw conveyor and transported to the secondary grinding mill 4 through the screw conveyor.
[0023] The discharge end of the secondary grinding mill 4 is connected to the feed end of the secondary flotation machine 5 through a pump and a pipeline. The discharge end of the secondary grinding mill 4 is provided with a valve. After the grinding is completed, the valve is opened for transportation. The secondary grinding mill 4 is also connected to the flotation agent addition pump 2 and the frother addition pump 2 through two pipelines respectively. The flotation agent addition pump 2 and the frother addition pump 2 are connected to the flotation agent storage tank and the frother storage tank respectively through pipelines, so as to realize the addition of flotation agent and frother.
[0024] The discharge end of the secondary flotation machine 5 is connected to the feed port of the filter press 6 by pumping. The pumping method includes connecting a pump and a pipeline. A valve is installed on the pipeline. The valve and the pneumatic pump are opened to quickly transport the carbon powder slurry after flotation by the secondary flotation machine.
[0025] Furthermore, the crushing particle size of the primary grinding mill 1 is not less than 100 meshes.
[0026] Furthermore, the crushing particle size of the above-mentioned secondary grinding mill 4 is 200-600 meshes.
[0027] Furthermore, the above-mentioned device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag also includes a drying device 7, and the discharge end of the filter press 6 is connected to the feed port of the drying device 7 through a conveyor belt, and the material is dried in the drying device 7.
[0028] Working principle: The carbon slag in the electrolytic aluminum production is crushed by the first-level grinding machine 1, and then enters the first-level flotation machine 2. After mechanical stirring and flotation, the foam carbon slurry on the top enters the dehydrator 3 for dehydration, and then the material enters the second-level grinding machine 4 for grinding again. After that, the material enters the second-level flotation machine 5. The carbon slurry after flotation enters the filter press 6 for filtration to obtain high-purity carbon powder.
[0029] Method 1: Add flotation agent into the flotation machine. The flotation agent is a mixed liquid of turpentine and kerosene prepared in a volume ratio of 1:5. The carbon slag material is crushed together with the flotation agent.
[0030] Method 2: Add circulating water at a ratio of about 1:1, add flotation reagents (diesel and rosinol) while stirring, and after sufficient stirring and mixing, enter the flotation machine.
[0031] Mode 3: The crushing particle size of the primary grinding mill 1 is 100 mesh; the crushing particle size of the secondary grinding mill 4 is controlled to be 300 mesh.
[0032] The above description is only a specific implementation method of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model, which should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag, characterized in that: The invention comprises a primary grinding mill (1), a primary flotation machine (2), a dehydrator (3), a secondary grinding mill (4), a secondary flotation machine (5) and a filter press (6), wherein the discharge end of the primary grinding mill (1) is connected to the feed end of the primary flotation machine (2), the discharge end of the primary flotation machine (2) is connected to the feed end of the dehydrator (3), the discharge end of the dehydrator (3) is connected to the feed end of the secondary grinding mill (4), the discharge end of the secondary grinding mill (4) is connected to the feed end of the secondary flotation machine (5), and the discharge end of the secondary flotation machine (5) is connected to the feed end of the filter press (6).
2. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the primary grinding mill (1) is connected to the feed end of the primary flotation machine (2) via a pump and a pipeline. The primary grinding mill (1) is also connected to a flotation agent addition pump 1 and a frother addition pump 1 via two pipelines. The flotation agent addition pump 1 and the frother addition pump 1 are connected to a flotation agent storage tank and a frother storage tank via pipelines.
3. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the primary flotation machine (2) is connected to the feed inlet of the dehydrator (3) by means of a pump.
4. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the dehydrator (3) is connected to the feed inlet of the secondary grinding mill (4) via a screw conveyor.
5. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the secondary grinding mill (4) is connected to the feed end of the secondary flotation machine (5) through a pump and a pipeline. The secondary grinding mill (4) is also connected to a second flotation agent addition pump and a second frothing agent addition pump through two pipelines. The second flotation agent addition pump and the second frothing agent addition pump are connected to a flotation agent storage tank and a frothing agent storage tank through pipelines.
6. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the secondary flotation machine (5) is connected to the feed inlet of the filter press (6) by means of a pump.
7. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing particle size of the primary grinding mill (1) is not less than 100 mesh.
8. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing particle size of the secondary grinding mill (4) is 200-600 mesh.
9. The device for extracting carbon powder from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a drying device (7), and the discharge end of the filter press (6) is connected to the feed inlet of the drying device (7) via a conveyor belt.