Cooling and heating air conditioner module based on semiconductor technology and modularized cooling and heating system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air conditioner module based on a semiconductor technology and a modularized refrigerating and heating system. The air conditioner module comprises a shell, and a top cover is arranged above the shell; a semiconductor module is arranged in the shell; a fan is arranged in the shell, and an air outlet is formed in the side wall of the shell; a left connector and a right connector are installed on the two sides of the shell, and the semiconductor module and the fan in the shell are electrically connected with the outside or connected with a controller through the left connector or the right connector. The air conditioner is equivalent to an integrated miniature independent air conditioner, and the functions of refrigeration, heating and the like can be achieved through electric energy under the cooperation of a detection system and a control system. Compared with a traditional air conditioner, on one hand, excessive pollution to the environment is avoided, on the other hand, the air conditioner is small in single size, light in weight and convenient to machine, manufacture and install and can be independently controlled through a control system, resources are reasonably utilized, and the development directions of greenness, environmental protection, energy conservation, light weight and the like are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of passenger car air conditioners, and in particular relates to a modular cooling and heating system based on semiconductor technology and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, global warming has become increasingly serious, which has had a serious impact on my country and the world. Many animals are endangered or even extinct, and the incidence of disease among people has also increased significantly. One of the main factors causing global warming is the significant increase in the use and leakage of refrigerants. Refrigerant is the core medium of the air-conditioning system. The fluorochlorine compounds inside it will destroy ozone molecules when released into the atmosphere, causing ultraviolet rays to pass through the atmosphere and have a negative impact on people and other organisms. In addition, the energy consumption and emissions of air conditioners will also produce a large amount of greenhouse gases, forming a greenhouse effect and causing global warming. Therefore, it is one of the main problems that need to be solved urgently to upgrade the technology of traditional air-conditioning systems, reduce the use of air-conditioning with harmful refrigerants, reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, reduce the degree of damage to the ozone layer, improve the current global environment, and create a good living environment.

[0003] With the continuous development of global automobile technology, the number of various types of automobiles is increasing. In particular, the use of various types of buses and private cars is increasing. Each car is equipped with an air-conditioning device, which can realize the cooling / heating function and create a good riding environment for passengers. However, the higher the number and frequency of air-conditioning use, the more serious the impact on the environment and atmosphere. In the long-term cycle, people's quality of life will be significantly reduced, and the ecological balance will be broken. Therefore, the technical upgrade of traditional air-conditioning will reduce the use of air-conditioning with harmful refrigerants, reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, reduce the degree of damage to the ozone layer, and improve the global environmental quality. In addition, for medium and large buses, when there are fewer passengers in the car, the fans will all work after the air-conditioning is powered on, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0004] Traditional air conditioners use compressors and refrigerants in combination, and can achieve cooling / heating functions with the comprehensive cooperation of condensing cores, evaporating cores, pipelines, and detection and control devices. In addition, semiconductor cooling / heating technology already exists on the market, and corresponding products are also used in refrigerators, cold storages, and home appliances. However, for automotive air conditioners, there are fewer studies and applications.

[0005] Traditional bus air conditioners are mostly integrated or split types. At their core, they require a compressor, refrigerant, evaporator and condenser as well as a series of pipes, valves and other materials to work together to achieve the corresponding cooling or heating functions.

[0006] On the one hand, traditional air conditioner assemblies have the disadvantages of large size, heavy weight, large number of parts, complex processing and assembly, high cost, and inconvenient storage and transportation. On the other hand, there are many evaporation fans and condensing fans in traditional air conditioners, which will generate large energy consumption and emissions when cooling / heating, and the refrigerant will leak. Excessive use will cause greenhouse effect, damage the ozone layer, and thus damage the ecological environment. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this patent application combines semiconductor refrigeration / heating technology with air-conditioning technology to replace or assist traditional air-conditioning for refrigeration / heating, improve and mitigate the speed of environmental damage, and provide a modular refrigeration and heat system based on semiconductor technology and its control method.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A cooling and heating air conditioning module based on semiconductor technology comprises a shell with a top cover arranged above the shell; a semiconductor module is arranged inside the shell; a fan is arranged inside the shell, and an air outlet is opened on the side wall of the shell; a left joint and a right joint are installed on both sides of the shell, and the semiconductor module and the fan inside the shell are electrically connected to the outside or connected to a controller through the left joint or the right joint.

[0010] The semiconductor module includes a left semiconductor, a right semiconductor, a top semiconductor and a bottom semiconductor located inside the shell; an insulation layer is pasted on all four sides of the inner surface of the shell, and the left semiconductor, the right semiconductor, the top semiconductor and the bottom semiconductor are installed on the inner surface of the insulation layer. The cavity surrounded by all the semiconductors is a high and low temperature chamber, and the fan is arranged in the high and low temperature chamber.

[0011] An electric damper is installed on the top cover, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are installed inside the shell.

[0012] A drainage hole is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a water level detector is installed inside the shell, and an air conditioner internal solenoid valve is installed at the bottom of the drainage hole.

[0013] A sealing sleeve is added around the drainage hole, a filtering device is added on the top of the drainage hole, and a humidifying device is installed inside the drainage hole.

[0014] A modular cooling and heating system using any cooling and heating air conditioning module includes cooling and heating air conditioning modules located in the driver's driving area, the front passenger area, the upper and lower door areas, and the rear passenger area, and cooling and heating air conditioning modules are installed on both sides of each area.

[0015] A left drain pipe and a right drain pipe are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the bus. The drain hole at the bottom of each cooling and heating air conditioning module is connected to the left drain pipe or the right drain pipe on that side through the drain pipe. An air conditioning internal solenoid valve is arranged on the drain pipe.

[0016] The left drain pipe is provided with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve at the front and rear ends of the left drain pipe respectively; the right drain pipe is provided with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve at the front and rear ends of the right drain pipe respectively. When there is too much liquid water, the first solenoid valve of the left drain pipe, the second solenoid valve of the left drain pipe, the first solenoid valve of the right drain pipe and the second solenoid valve of the right drain pipe are controlled to operate respectively to discharge the liquid water out of the vehicle.

[0017] A front water tank and a rear water tank are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the bus, the two ends of the left drainage pipe are respectively connected to the front water tank and the rear water tank, and the two ends of the right drainage pipe are respectively connected to the front water tank and the rear water tank;

[0018] A front water pump is added to the front water tank, and a rear water pump is added to the rear water tank; when the cooling and heating air-conditioning modules require humidification function and the water in each cooling and heating air-conditioning module is insufficient, the front water pump or the rear water pump is used to pump the water in the corresponding water tank into the air conditioner for humidification and filtering treatment.

[0019] A front water tank switch solenoid valve is provided on the inlet and outlet pipes of the front water tank, and a rear water tank switch solenoid valve is provided on the inlet and outlet pipes of the rear water tank. When the liquid water generated by the heating and cooling air-conditioning module is excessive and no humidification treatment is required, the liquid water generated by the heating and cooling air-conditioning module is discharged into the front water tank and the rear water tank by controlling the front water tank switch solenoid valve, the rear water tank switch solenoid valve and the air-conditioning internal solenoid valve inside the heating and cooling air-conditioning module.

[0020] Independent air duct devices are fixed on both sides of the heating and cooling air conditioning modules located at the top of the upper and lower door areas. The air duct devices include a left air duct and a right air duct. Micro air outlets are opened on the inside of the two air ducts. A sterilization and disinfection device is added inside the air duct device.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: it proposes an independent air-conditioning module based on semiconductor cooling / heating, which is equivalent to an integrated miniaturized independent air-conditioning, and can realize functions such as cooling and heating by using electric energy under the cooperation of the detection and control system. Compared with the traditional air-conditioning, on the one hand, it does not pollute the environment too much, and on the other hand, the air-conditioning unit is small in size and light in weight, which is easy to process, manufacture and install, and can be individually controlled by the control system, which makes reasonable use of resources and conforms to the development direction of green, environmental protection, energy saving and lightweight.

[0022] 1. The utility model can realize the modular assembly of cooling / heating devices, which improves the assembly production efficiency of the machine, reduces the processing and manufacturing costs, and saves labor costs compared with traditional air conditioners. The semiconductor and the fan are modularly assembled to form an independent subsystem. When in use, it is only necessary to power the fan, semiconductor, and detection and control device.

[0023] 2. The utility model combines semiconductors with fans, and can directly blow the cold air (hot air) generated by semiconductors to the passenger area. Compared with traditional air conditioners, it reduces the multiple conversion links of intermediate energy and improves the cooling / heating efficiency.

[0024] 3. The compressor of traditional buses can be replaced with a generator to be used in conjunction with the engine. The engine drives the generator to generate electricity to directly power the semiconductor and fan modules. Solar modules can also be added to the car to convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage and use.

[0025] 4. The utility model can realize local cooling / heating with the cooperation of detection and control system, which is flexible and controllable and is conducive to energy saving.

[0026] 5. The utility model can completely replace the traditional two-device air conditioner cooling / heating mode. At the same time, it can also be used in conjunction with the traditional air conditioner to perform auxiliary cooling / heating.

[0027] 6. The utility model adds an independent air duct near the car door, which can form an air curtain when passengers get on and off the car, achieving the purpose of sterilization and preventing air circulation inside and outside the car.

[0028] 7. The camera detection device is used to assist the control system to control each air-conditioning module individually. The opening and closing of the air-conditioning module can be flexibly controlled according to the number of passengers and seat distribution in the car, thereby saving resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling and heating air conditioning module of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the humidification and water treatment structure of the heating and cooling air conditioning module;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the schematic diagram of the vehicle air conditioning layout and air curtain structure;

[0032] Figure 4 This is the air conditioning installation layout and drainage device schematic. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a cooling and heating air conditioning module 100 includes a housing 1, and a top cover 6 is arranged above the housing 1; a semiconductor module is arranged in the housing 1, and the semiconductor module realizes cooling and heating functions, thereby adjusting the internal temperature of the housing 1. A fan 9 is arranged inside the housing 1, and an air outlet 19 is opened on the side wall of the housing 1. The fan 9 can blow the heat or cold air generated by the semiconductor module out of the housing 1, thereby realizing the cooling or heating function inside the vehicle body, creating a comfortable riding environment for passengers.

[0036] The semiconductor module includes a left semiconductor 4, a right semiconductor 13, a top semiconductor 8 and a bottom semiconductor located inside the housing 1. Since a drainage hole 16 is opened at the bottom center of the housing 1, the bottom semiconductor is divided into two parts, namely, a bottom left semiconductor 7 and a bottom right semiconductor 11.

[0037] Furthermore, the inner surface of the shell 1 is pasted with a heat-insulating layer 3 around it, which can play a good heat-insulating role. The inner surface of the heat-insulating layer 3 is then installed with a left semiconductor 4, a right semiconductor 13, a top semiconductor 8, a bottom left semiconductor 7 and a bottom right semiconductor 11. The cavity surrounded by all the semiconductors is a high-low temperature chamber 14, and the fan 9 is arranged in the high-low temperature chamber 14.

[0038] The housing 1 is the outermost layer and is in a rectangular groove shape, which is sealed on all sides. The top cover 6 is fixed on the top of the housing 1, which can be connected by bolts, riveted, welded, etc. Since the temperature change inside the housing will cause the pressure inside the housing to change, an electric damper 10 is installed on the top cover 6.

[0039] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 5 and a temperature sensor 12 are installed inside the housing 1, which can monitor the temperature, pressure and other parameters inside the housing compartment in real time. When it is detected that the internal pressure reaches a preset value, the electric damper 10 can be controlled to operate so that the gas inside and outside the housing flows to ensure that the pressure is within a safe range. More importantly, the electric damper 10 can also be used to achieve regular replacement of gas in the air-conditioned compartment and the entire vehicle interior, ensure the freshness of the air inside the vehicle, and achieve fresh air inside and outside the vehicle. The temperature sensor 12 can detect the temperature inside the housing 1, and when it exceeds the preset value, all or part of the semiconductors can be turned off to achieve the purpose of safety.

[0040] Furthermore, a left connector 2 and a right connector 15 are installed on both sides of the housing 1, and the semiconductor module, electric damper 10, pressure sensor 5, and temperature sensor 12 inside the housing 1 are all electrically connected to the outside or connected to the controller through the left connector 2 or the right connector 15. In addition, through the left connector 2 and the right connector 15, multiple cooling and heating air conditioning modules can be connected in series to achieve gas circulation and heat exchange between air conditioning modules. When a cooling and heating air conditioning module fails, the surrounding modules can also be used to provide it with cold and hot air to achieve mutual communication and complementarity.

[0041] Furthermore, when the semiconductor module is refrigerated and works for a long time, a frost layer will be generated when the temperature reaches a particularly cold state, and a certain amount of condensed water will be generated after melting. Moreover, taking into account extreme situations, when the winter is cold, heat is generated in the air-conditioning module, and the temperature angle outside the air-conditioning. Liquid water is easily generated. In order to facilitate the discharge and utilization of water, when the shell is designed, its bottom is designed with an inclined angle. When liquid water is generated on other surfaces, it can fall to the bottom due to the gravity of the water and gather to the drain hole 16 along the inclined surface. The drain hole 16 is connected to the bottom of the shell 1 to form a groove with a certain volume, which is convenient for storing liquid water. Moreover, a sealing sleeve 20 is added around the drain hole to tightly wrap the drain hole to avoid water leakage. A filtering device 21 is added to the top of the drain hole 16. When the liquid water falls, it is filtered by the filtering device and then gathered to the drain hole 16. In order to improve the utilization rate of liquid water, a humidifying device 22 is installed inside the drain hole 16, which can humidify the filtered liquid water so that the water vapor is discharged into the car with the fan, achieving the dual function of adjusting temperature and humidity. A water level detector 18 is installed inside the housing 1, and an air conditioner internal solenoid valve 17 is installed at the bottom of the drain hole 16. When it is detected that the liquid water in the housing reaches a certain level, the air conditioner internal solenoid valve 17 can be opened to discharge the liquid water using the matching pipeline to avoid excessive liquid water affecting the normal operation of the air conditioner.

[0042] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a modular cooling and heating system based on semiconductor technology includes heating and cooling air conditioning modules 100 respectively located in the driver's driving area 23, the front passenger area 24, the upper and lower door areas 25 and the rear passenger area 26. The heating and cooling air conditioning modules 100 are installed on both sides of each area, but the layout is not limited to the two sides and can be installed in other suitable positions of the bus.

[0043] Preferably, a left drain pipe 34 and a right drain pipe 37 are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the bus, and a front water tank 35 and a rear water tank 36 are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the bus. The two ends of the left drain pipe 34 are respectively connected to the front water tank 35 and the rear water tank 36, and the two ends of the right drain pipe 37 are respectively connected to the front water tank 35 and the rear water tank 36. In this way, the front water tank 35 and the rear water tank 36 are connected in series through the drain pipes on both sides.

[0044] As with conventional bus air conditioning layouts, separate cooling and heating air conditioning modules 100 are installed on the top of each area of ​​the bus, and the layout is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of cooling and heating air conditioning modules 100 are installed on both sides of the top of the bus, and a drainage hole 16 is provided at the bottom of each cooling and heating air conditioning module 100. The drainage hole 16 is connected to the left drainage pipe 34 or the right drainage pipe 37 on that side through a drainage pipe, and an air-conditioning internal solenoid valve 17 is provided on the drainage pipe. In this way, the left drainage pipe 34 and the right drainage pipe 37 respectively connect the drainage holes 16 of the cooling and heating air conditioning modules 100 on both sides in series.

[0045] Furthermore, a left drain pipe first solenoid valve 38 and a left drain pipe second solenoid valve 39 are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the left drain pipe 34; a right drain pipe first solenoid valve 40 and a right drain pipe second solenoid valve 41 are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the right drain pipe 37. When there is too much liquid water, the left drain pipe first solenoid valve 38, the left drain pipe second solenoid valve 39, the right drain pipe first solenoid valve 40 and the right drain pipe second solenoid valve 41 can be controlled to operate respectively to discharge the liquid water out of the vehicle.

[0046] Furthermore, a front water pump 44 is added at the front water tank 35, and a rear water pump 45 is added at the rear water tank 36. When the cooling and heating air conditioning module 100 requires a humidification function and the water in each air conditioning module is insufficient, the front water pump 44 or the rear water pump 45 can be used to pump the water in the corresponding water tank into the air conditioning for humidification and filtering treatment to achieve the humidification function.

[0047] Furthermore, a front water tank switch solenoid valve 42 is provided on the inlet and outlet pipes of the front water tank 35, and a rear water tank switch solenoid valve 43 is provided on the inlet and outlet pipes of the rear water tank 36. When the liquid water generated by the heating and cooling air-conditioning module 100 is excessive and does not require humidification treatment, the liquid water generated by the heating and cooling air-conditioning module 100 can be discharged into the front water tank 35 and the rear water tank 36 by controlling the front water tank switch solenoid valve 42, the rear water tank switch solenoid valve 43 and the air-conditioning internal solenoid valve 17 inside the heating and cooling air-conditioning module 100, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling water resources.

[0048] Furthermore, the adjacent cooling and heating air conditioning modules 100 on each side may be connected via a connecting pipe 46 .

[0049] Furthermore, in recent years, as the degree of environmental pollution has become increasingly serious, the number of bacteria and viruses in the air has also been increasing. When passengers get on and off the bus, they need to pass through the upper and lower door areas. In the utility model, independent air duct devices are fixed on both sides of the cold and warm air conditioning module 100 located at the top of the upper and lower door areas 25. The air duct device includes a left air duct 27 and a right air duct 28. The inner sides of the two air ducts are provided with micro air outlets 29, which can blow the high and low temperature gases generated by the cold and warm air conditioning module 100 to the middle of the door through the micro air outlets 29 of the air duct device. In this way, when the door is opened, the wind blown out of the air duct can form a thin layer of wind curtain, which can hinder the circulation of air inside and outside the car to a certain extent, avoid the exchange of temperature inside and outside the car, and achieve the purpose of heat preservation and energy saving.

[0050] Better yet, a left solenoid valve 31 and a right solenoid valve 32 are respectively provided at the air outlets on both sides of the heating and cooling air conditioning module 100 located at the top of the upper and lower door areas 25, wherein the left solenoid valve 31 is provided at the entrance of the left air duct 27, and the right solenoid valve 32 is provided at the entrance of the right air duct 28.

[0051] Furthermore, a sterilization and disinfection device 30 is added in the air duct device, which can sterilize the gas in the air duct, so that the clean gas flows in the air duct and blows toward the middle of the door. When passengers get on and off the bus, the sterilizing airflow blows onto the passengers, which can, on the one hand, blow away impurities and dust on the passengers. On the other hand, the outer surface of the passengers can be sterilized and disinfected, thereby improving the safety of the passengers.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to better improve the intelligence level of the bus and achieve the purpose of energy conservation, a plurality of video detection devices 33 are installed in the bus, which can monitor the number of passengers and the position distribution in different areas in real time, and feed back the detection signal to the main control unit. The main control unit can process the information fed back by the video detection device, so as to control the operation of the air-conditioning module in the corresponding area, and it is not necessary to turn on all the air-conditioning. Not only can the purpose of adjusting the temperature in the car be achieved, but also resources can be reasonably used. Compared with the traditional bus air conditioner, the opening and closing of the air-conditioning module can be controlled separately, which has better flexibility and richer functions.

[0053] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the utility model is optimized and improved on the basis of the traditional vehicle air conditioner. On the one hand, the semiconductor refrigeration (heating) technology is combined with the vehicle air conditioner to perform cooling / heating or auxiliary cooling / heating. On the other hand, a camera detection device is added to assist the control system to control each air conditioning module individually, and the opening and closing of the air conditioning module can be flexibly controlled according to the number of passengers in the car and the distribution of seats, so as to save resources. At the same time, an independent air duct is added near the door, and an air curtain can be formed when passengers get on and off the car, which plays the purpose of sterilization and disinfection and hindering the air circulation inside and outside the car.

[0054] 1. The utility model combines semiconductor technology with vehicle air conditioning, and realizes cooling or heating functions by controlling the semiconductor module and the fan module to work together, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling or heating the vehicle interior, while also not polluting the environment, causing no dangerous gas leakage, and causing ozone layer damage.

[0055] 2. The utility model combines a camera detection device with a control system to monitor the number of passengers and their position layout in real time, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the air conditioning modules in the corresponding area to achieve the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0056] 3. The utility model designs an independent air duct device, which is used in conjunction with the air conditioning module. When the car door is opened, an air curtain is formed, which to a certain extent hinders the air flow inside and outside the car and reduces the heat / cold loss inside the car.

[0057] 4. The utility model adds a sterilization and disinfection module in the independent air duct device, which can blow air to the doors of passengers getting on and off the vehicle, achieving the purpose of sterilization and disinfection.

[0058] 5. The utility model is designed with a set of drainage devices, which connect the air conditioning module with the front and rear water tanks, and can realize the automatic discharge and recycling of liquid water.

[0059] 6. The utility model adds a humidifying device to the air conditioning module, and utilizes the generated liquid water for secondary utilization such as filtering and humidification, thereby improving the utilization rate of water resources and providing passengers with a more comfortable riding environment.

[0060] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling and heating air conditioning module based on semiconductor technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), wherein a top cover (6) is arranged above the housing (1); a semiconductor module is arranged inside the housing (1); a fan (9) is arranged inside the housing (1), and an air outlet (19) is opened on the side wall of the housing (1); a left connector (2) and a right connector (15) are installed on both sides of the housing (1), and the semiconductor module and the fan (9) inside the housing (1) are electrically connected to the outside or connected to a controller via the left connector (2) or the right connector (15).

2. The semiconductor-based cooling and heating air conditioning module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semiconductor module comprises a left semiconductor (4), a right semiconductor (13), a top semiconductor (8) and a bottom semiconductor located inside a shell (1); a thermal insulation layer (3) is adhered to the inner surface of the shell (1) on all sides, and the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer (3) is installed with a left semiconductor (4), a right semiconductor (13), a top semiconductor (8) and a bottom semiconductor; the cavity surrounded by all the semiconductors is a high and low temperature chamber (14), and the fan (9) is arranged in the high and low temperature chamber (14).

3. The semiconductor-based cooling and heating air conditioning module according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric damper (10) is installed on the top cover (6), and a pressure sensor (5) and a temperature sensor (12) are installed inside the housing (1).

4. The semiconductor-based cooling and heating air conditioning module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage hole (16) is provided at the bottom of the housing (1), a water level detector (18) is installed inside the housing (1), and an air-conditioning internal solenoid valve (17) is installed at the bottom of the drainage hole (16).

5. The semiconductor-based cooling and heating air conditioning module according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing sleeve (20) is added around the drainage hole (16), a filtering device (21) is added to the top of the drainage hole (16), and a humidifying device (22) is installed inside the drainage hole (16).

6. A modular cooling and heating system using any one of the cooling and heating air conditioning modules of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It comprises cooling and heating air conditioning modules (100) respectively located in a driver's driving area (23), a front passenger area (24), an upper and lower door area (25) and a rear passenger area (26), with cooling and heating air conditioning modules (100) being installed on both sides of each area.

7. The modular refrigeration and heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A left drainage pipe (34) and a right drainage pipe (37) are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the bus, and the drainage hole (16) at the bottom of each cooling and heating air conditioning module (100) is connected to the left drainage pipe (34) or the right drainage pipe (37) on that side through the drainage pipe, and an air conditioning internal solenoid valve (17) is arranged on the drainage pipe; A left drain pipe first solenoid valve (38) and a left drain pipe second solenoid valve (39) are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the left drain pipe (34); a right drain pipe first solenoid valve (40) and a right drain pipe second solenoid valve (41) are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the right drain pipe (37); when there is too much liquid water, the left drain pipe first solenoid valve (38), the left drain pipe second solenoid valve (39), the right drain pipe first solenoid valve (40) and the right drain pipe second solenoid valve (41) are respectively controlled to operate, so that the liquid water is discharged outside the vehicle.

8. The modular cooling and heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A front water tank (35) and a rear water tank (36) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the bus, the two ends of the left drainage pipe (34) are respectively connected to the front water tank (35) and the rear water tank (36), and the two ends of the right drainage pipe (37) are respectively connected to the front water tank (35) and the rear water tank (36); A front water pump (44) is added to the front water tank (35), and a rear water pump (45) is added to the rear water tank (36); when the cooling and heating air conditioning modules (100) require a humidification function and the water in each cooling and heating air conditioning module is insufficient, the front water pump (44) or the rear water pump (45) is used to pump water in the corresponding water tank into the air conditioner for humidification and filtering treatment.

9. The modular cooling and heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A front water tank switch solenoid valve (42) is provided on the inlet and outlet pipes of the front water tank (35), and a rear water tank switch solenoid valve (43) is provided on the inlet and outlet pipes of the rear water tank (36). When the liquid water generated by the cooling and heating air conditioning module (100) is excessive and does not require humidification treatment, the front water tank switch solenoid valve (42), the rear water tank switch solenoid valve (43) and the air conditioning internal solenoid valve (17) inside the cooling and heating air conditioning module (100) are controlled to operate, so that the liquid water generated by the cooling and heating air conditioning module (100) is discharged into the front water tank (35) and the rear water tank (36).

10. The modular cooling and heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Independent air duct devices are fixed on both sides of the cooling and heating air conditioning module (100) located at the top of the upper and lower door areas (25), and the air duct devices include a left air duct (27) and a right air duct (28). Micro air outlets (29) are opened on the inner sides of the two air ducts; a sterilization and disinfection device (30) is added inside the air duct device.

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