Integrated thermal management system of electric loader

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated thermal management system of an electric loader, which belongs to the technical field of thermal management of loaders and aims to solve the problem that the loader in the prior art cannot quickly meet the heating requirement of a passenger compartment only by means of air heat in a low-temperature environment. And the utilization effect of waste heat generated when a motor and a battery of the loading machine work is poor is solved. The system comprises a working system and a heat exchange system. The heat exchange system comprises a battery, a motor and a waterway four-way valve, the battery exchanges heat with the working system through a battery heat exchanger, and the motor exchanges heat with the working system through a motor heat exchanger; when the working system carries out heating work, the waterway four-way valve is controlled to enable the battery to be communicated with the motor, a refrigerant exchanges heat with waste heat generated by the battery and the motor through the battery heat exchanger, the heating requirement of a passenger compartment is rapidly met in a low-temperature environment, and the economical efficiency and the working efficiency of the loading machine are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an integrated thermal management system for an electric loader, belonging to the technical field of thermal management of loaders. Background Art

[0002] Loaders are widely used in construction projects, mines and ports. At present, as the country's requirements for environmental protection and carbon emissions are getting higher and higher, and traditional fuel loaders use internal combustion engines as power sources, they are inefficient and polluting, and the application and promotion of electric loaders will increase. The green development of the transportation industry has achieved positive results, but pollution prevention and control and carbon reduction and emission reduction still face some bottlenecks. Loaders are one of the main engineering vehicles, but traditional loaders have low transmission efficiency and high emissions, so the electrification of loaders is an inevitable trend. Since electric loaders were developed and researched relatively late in China and are still in the early stages, they still face many challenges, among which the thermal management of the whole vehicle is an urgent problem that all electric vehicles need to solve. The thermal management system of electric loaders is generally divided into three core parts: cockpit thermal management system, power battery thermal management system, and motor and its controller thermal management. At present, the three major thermal management systems usually work independently in actual applications and cannot be managed uniformly.

[0003] In a low temperature environment, the loader of the prior art cannot quickly meet the heating requirements of the passenger compartment by relying solely on air heat, and the waste heat generated by the loader motor and battery when working is poorly utilized, affecting the economy and work efficiency of the loader. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide an integrated thermal management system for an electric loader, so as to solve the problem that the loader of the prior art cannot quickly meet the heating requirements of the passenger compartment in a low temperature environment by relying solely on air heat, and has a poor effect on utilizing the waste heat generated by the loader motor and battery when they are working.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides an integrated thermal management system for an electric loader, including a working system and a heat exchange system;

[0007] The working system includes a compressor, wherein the output end of the compressor is connected to the first port of three-way valve one, the second port of the three-way valve one is connected to the input end of a cabin condenser, the output end of the cabin condenser and the third port of the three-way valve one are both connected to the first port of the three-way valve two, the third port of the three-way valve two is connected to the left first end of the motor heat exchanger, the second port of the three-way valve two and the left second end of the motor heat exchanger are both connected to the input end of expansion valve one and the input end of expansion valve two, the output end of expansion valve one is connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator, the output end of the expansion valve two is connected to the left first end of the battery heat exchanger, and the output end of the cabin evaporator and the left second end of the battery heat exchanger are both connected to the input end of the compressor;

[0008] The heat exchange system includes a battery, a motor and a four-way water valve. The battery exchanges heat with the working system through the battery heat exchanger, and the motor exchanges heat with the working system through the motor heat exchanger. The four-way water valve is used to control the connection between the battery and the motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat exchange system includes a battery water pump, the output end of the battery water pump is connected to one end of the battery, the other end of the battery is connected to the first end on the right side of the battery heat exchanger, the second end on the right side of the battery heat exchanger is connected to the first port of the water four-way valve, and the second port of the water four-way valve is connected to the input end of the battery water pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchange system also includes a motor water pump, the output end of the motor water pump is connected to one end of the motor, the other end of the motor is connected to the first end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger, the second end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger is connected to the fourth port of the water four-way valve, and the third port of the water four-way valve is connected to the input end of the motor water pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the second end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger is connected to the first port of the water three-way valve, and the third port of the water three-way valve is connected to the input end of the motor water pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the second port of the water three-way valve is connected to one end of an outdoor radiator, and the other end of the outdoor radiator is connected to the input end of the motor water pump.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the motor is connected to the outdoor radiator.

[0014] Furthermore, the second port of the three-way valve two and the second end on the left side of the motor heat exchanger are both connected to the input end of the expansion valve three, the output end of the expansion valve three is connected to the first port of the three-way valve three, the third port of the three-way valve three is connected to the second end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger, and the second port of the three-way valve three and the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger are both connected to the input end of the evaporator in the cabin.

[0015] Furthermore, the second port of the three-way valve three and the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger are both connected to the third port of the three-way valve four, the second port of the three-way valve four is connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator, and the first port of the three-way valve four is connected to the input end of the compressor.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The integrated thermal management system of the electric loader, through the cooperation of the battery heat exchanger and the water four-way valve, controls the water four-way valve to connect the battery and the motor when the working system is performing heating work, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the waste heat generated by the battery and the motor through the battery heat exchanger, thereby making full use of the waste heat generated by the motor and the battery when they are working, quickly meeting the heating requirements of the passenger compartment in a low-temperature environment, and ensuring the economy and working efficiency of the loader. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a connection diagram of an integrated thermal management system for an electric loader provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a connection diagram of another electric loader integrated thermal management system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Cabin condenser; 2. Three-way valve one; 3. Compressor; 4. Cabin evaporator; 5. Expansion valve one; 6. Expansion valve two; 7. Battery heat exchanger; 8. Motor heat exchanger; 9. Three-way valve two; 10. Battery water pump; 11. Motor water pump; 12. Water four-way valve; 13. Water three-way valve; 14. Outdoor radiator; 15. Battery; 16. Motor; 17. Expansion valve three; 18. Three-way valve three; 19. Three-way valve four. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides an integrated thermal management system for an electric loader, including a working system and a heat exchange system; the working system includes a compressor 3, the output end of the compressor 3 is connected to the first port of a three-way valve 2, the second port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the input end of a cabin condenser 1, the output end of the cabin condenser 1 and the third port of the three-way valve 2 are both connected to the first port of a three-way valve 9, the third port of the three-way valve 9 is connected to the first end on the left side of a motor heat exchanger 8, the second port of the three-way valve 29 and the second end on the left side of the motor heat exchanger 8 are both connected to the input end of an expansion valve 5 and the expansion valve 6 The input end is connected, the output end of the expansion valve 1 5 is connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator 4, the output end of the expansion valve 2 6 is connected to the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger 7, the output end of the cabin evaporator 4 and the second end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger 7 are both connected to the input end of the compressor 3; the heat exchange system includes a battery 15, a motor 16 and a water four-way valve 12, the battery 15 exchanges heat with the working system through the battery heat exchanger 7, the motor 16 exchanges heat with the working system through the motor heat exchanger 8, and the water four-way valve 12 is used to control the battery 15 and the motor 16 to be connected.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 A is the first port, B is the second port, C is the third port, and D is the fourth port.

[0026] Specifically, when the outside is in a low temperature environment and the working system is heating, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 29 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the water circuit four-way valve 12 is controlled to connect the battery 15 and the motor 16, that is, the water circuit four-way valve 12 is controlled so that the first port, the second port, the third port and the fourth port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are interconnected, and the battery 15 and the motor 16 are in series mode, so that the waste heat generated by the battery 15 and the motor 16 can be heated by the battery heat exchanger 7. Exchange; at the beginning of work, the refrigerant flows through the cabin condenser 1 through the compressor 3, and then flows through the three-way valve 2 9. Part of the refrigerant flows through the expansion valve 1 5 and the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows into the input end of the compressor 3. The remaining part of the refrigerant flows through the expansion valve 2 6 and the battery heat exchanger 7. The waste heat generated by the battery 15 and the motor 16 is heat exchanged with the refrigerant through the battery heat exchanger 7. The refrigerant after the heat exchange enters the input end of the compressor 3, thereby utilizing the waste heat generated by the battery 15 and the motor 16 to ensure that the loader can quickly meet the heating requirements of the passenger compartment in a low temperature environment.

[0027] The utility model cooperates with the battery heat exchanger 7 and the water circuit four-way valve 12. When the working system is performing heating work, the water circuit four-way valve 12 is controlled to connect the battery 15 with the motor 16. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the waste heat generated by the battery 15 and the motor 16 through the battery heat exchanger 7, thereby making full use of the waste heat generated by the motor 16 and the battery 15 when they are working, quickly meeting the heating requirements of the passenger compartment in a low-temperature environment, and ensuring the economy and work efficiency of the loader.

[0028] In one embodiment, the heat exchange system includes a battery water pump 10, the output end of the battery water pump 10 is connected to one end of the battery 15, the other end of the battery 15 is connected to the first end on the right side of the battery heat exchanger 7, the second end on the right side of the battery heat exchanger 7 is connected to the first port of the water four-way valve 12, and the second port of the water four-way valve 12 is connected to the input end of the battery water pump 10.

[0029] In one embodiment, the heat exchange system also includes a motor water pump 11, the output end of the motor water pump 11 is connected to one end of the motor 16, the other end of the motor 16 is connected to the first end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger 8, the second end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger 8 is connected to the fourth port of the water four-way valve 12, and the third port of the water four-way valve 12 is connected to the input end of the motor water pump 11.

[0030] Specifically, when the working system is heating and there is no need to utilize the waste heat of the battery 15 and the motor 16, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed. The first port of the three-way valve 29 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed. The expansion valve 26 is closed. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 2, the cabin condenser 1, the three-way valve 29, the expansion valve 5, the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows into the compressor 3 to complete the heating work.

[0031] When the working system is heating and the battery 15 is used for heating, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed. The first port and the third port of the three-way valve 29 are connected, and the second port is closed. The expansion valve 15 is closed, and the first port and the second port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are connected, and the third port and the fourth port are connected, so that the battery 15 and the motor 16 are not connected in series. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 12, the three-way valve 29, the motor heat exchanger 8, the expansion valve 26, and the battery heat exchanger 7 in sequence, and then flows back to the compressor 3. The waste heat of the motor 16 exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the motor heat exchanger 8, and the waste heat of the battery 15 exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the battery heat exchanger 7 to complete the heating work.

[0032] When the working system is for refrigeration, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed. The first port and the third port of the three-way valve 29 are connected, and the second port is closed. The first port and the second port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are connected, and its third port is connected to the fourth port. At the same time, the expansion valve 2 6 is closed. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 2, the three-way valve 2 9, the motor heat exchanger 8, the expansion valve 5, the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the refrigeration work.

[0033] When the working system is for cooling and the waste heat of the battery 15 is utilized, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 29 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port and the second port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are connected, and the third port is connected to the fourth port; at this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 2, the three-way valve 29, and the motor heat exchanger 8 in sequence; part of the refrigerant flows through the expansion valve 15 and the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows back to the compressor 3; the remaining part of the refrigerant flows through the battery heat exchanger 7, exchanges heat with the waste heat of the battery 15 through the battery heat exchanger 7, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the cooling work.

[0034] In one embodiment, the second end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger 8 is connected to the first port of the water three-way valve 13 , and the third port of the water three-way valve 13 is connected to the input end of the motor water pump 11 .

[0035] In one embodiment, the second port of the water three-way valve 13 is connected to one end of an outdoor radiator 14 , the other end of the outdoor radiator 14 is connected to the input end of the motor water pump 11 , and one end of the motor 16 is connected to the outdoor radiator 14 .

[0036] Specifically, the first port and the third port of the water three-way valve 13 can be connected, the second port of the water three-way valve 13 can be closed, and the line between the motor 16 and the outdoor radiator 14 can be closed; so that the coolant flowing through the motor water pump 11 does not pass through the outdoor radiator 14, thereby achieving the insulation of the coolant in a low-temperature environment, and it can be used for subsequent waste heat recovery work, ensuring the economy of the device.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment, the second port of the three-way valve 29 and the second end on the left side of the motor heat exchanger 8 are both connected to the input end of the expansion valve 3 17, the output end of the expansion valve 3 17 is connected to the first port of the three-way valve 3 18, the third port of the three-way valve 3 18 is connected to the second end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger 7, the second port of the three-way valve 3 18 and the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger 7 are both connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator 4, the second port of the three-way valve 3 18 and the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger 7 are both connected to the third port of the three-way valve 4 19, the second port of the three-way valve 4 19 is connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator 4, and the first port of the three-way valve 4 19 is connected to the input end of the compressor 3.

[0038] Specifically, when the working system is refrigeration, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed, the first port and the third port of the three-way valve 29 are connected, and the second port is closed, the first port and the second port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are connected, and its third port and the fourth port are connected, the first port and the second port of the three-way valve 3 18 are connected, and the third port is closed, the second port and the third port of the three-way valve 4 19 are connected, and the first port is closed. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 2, the three-way valve 2 9, the motor heat exchanger 8, the expansion valve 3 17, the three-way valve 3 18, the three-way valve 4 19, the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the refrigeration work.

[0039] When the working system is refrigeration and the waste heat of the battery 15 is utilized, the first port of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 29 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port and the second port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are connected, and the third port and the fourth port are connected; the first port of the three-way valve 3 18 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the second port of the three-way valve 4 19 is connected to the third port, and the first port is closed; at this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 1 2, the three-way valve 2 9, the motor heat exchanger 8, the expansion valve 3 17, the three-way valve 3 18, the battery heat exchanger 7, the three-way valve 4 19, the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the refrigeration work.

[0040] When the working system is for heating, the first port of three-way valve 2 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the first port of three-way valve 29 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the first port of three-way valve 3 18 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the second port of three-way valve 4 19 is connected to the third port, and the first port is closed. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, three-way valve 1 2, the cabin condenser 1, three-way valve 2 9, expansion valve 3 17, three-way valve 3 18, three-way valve 4 19, and the cabin evaporator 4 in sequence, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the heating work.

[0041] When the working system is heating and the waste heat of the battery 15 and the motor 16 is utilized, the first port of the three-way valve 12 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 29 is connected to the second port, and the third port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 3 18 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the second port of the three-way valve 4 19 is connected to the third port, and the first port is closed; the water circuit four-way valve 12 is controlled so that the first port, the second port, the third port and the fourth port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 are interconnected, so that the battery 15 and the motor 16 are connected in series. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 12, the cabin condenser 1, the three-way valve 29, the expansion valve 3 17, the three-way valve 3 18, the battery heat exchanger 7, the three-way valve 4 19, the cabin evaporator 4, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the heating work. The waste heat of the battery 15 and the battery 16 is exchanged with the refrigerant through the battery heat exchanger 7.

[0042] When the working system is heating and the waste heat of the battery 15 is utilized, the first port of the three-way valve 1 2 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 2 9 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 3 18 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the first port of the three-way valve 4 19 is connected to the third port, and the second port is closed; the water circuit four-way valve 12 is controlled so that the first port of the water circuit four-way valve 12 is connected to the second port, and the third port is connected to the fourth port, so that the battery 15 is connected in parallel with the motor 16. At this time, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 3, the three-way valve 1 2, the three-way valve 2 9, the motor heat exchanger 8, the expansion valve 3 17, the three-way valve 3 18, the battery heat exchanger 7, and the three-way valve 4 19 in sequence, and then flows back to the compressor 3 to complete the heating work.

[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated thermal management system for an electric loader, characterized in that: Including working system and heat exchange system; The working system comprises a compressor (3), the output end of the compressor (3) being connected to the first port of a three-way valve (2), the second port of the three-way valve (2) being connected to the input end of a cabin condenser (1), the output end of the cabin condenser (1) and the third port of the three-way valve (2) being connected to the first port of a three-way valve (9), the third port of the three-way valve (9) being connected to the first end on the left side of a motor heat exchanger (8), the second port of the three-way valve (9) and the second end on the left side of the motor heat exchanger (8) being connected to the input end of an expansion valve (5) and the input end of an expansion valve (6), the output end of the expansion valve (5) being connected to the input end of an evaporator (4) in the cabin, the output end of the expansion valve (6) being connected to the first end on the left side of a battery heat exchanger (7), the output end of the cabin evaporator (4) and the second end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger (7) being connected to the input end of the compressor (3); The heat exchange system comprises a battery (15), a motor (16) and a water circuit four-way valve (12); the battery (15) exchanges heat with the working system via the battery heat exchanger (7); the motor (16) exchanges heat with the working system via the motor heat exchanger (8); and the water circuit four-way valve (12) is used to control the connection between the battery (15) and the motor (16).

2. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange system comprises a battery water pump (10), the output end of the battery water pump (10) being connected to one end of the battery (15), the other end of the battery (15) being connected to a first end on the right side of the battery heat exchanger (7), the second end on the right side of the battery heat exchanger (7) being connected to a first port of the water circuit four-way valve (12), and the second port of the water circuit four-way valve (12) being connected to an input end of the battery water pump (10).

3. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchange system further comprises a motor water pump (11), the output end of the motor water pump (11) being connected to one end of the motor (16), the other end of the motor (16) being connected to a first end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger (8), the second end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger (8) being connected to a fourth port of the water circuit four-way valve (12), and the third port of the water circuit four-way valve (12) being connected to an input end of the motor water pump (11).

4. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second end on the right side of the motor heat exchanger (8) is connected to the first port of the water three-way valve (13), and the third port of the water three-way valve (13) is connected to the input end of the motor water pump (11).

5. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second port of the water circuit three-way valve (13) is connected to one end of an outdoor radiator (14), and the other end of the outdoor radiator (14) is connected to the input end of the motor water pump (11).

6. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the motor (16) is connected to the outdoor radiator (14).

7. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second port of the three-way valve 2 (9) and the second end on the left side of the motor heat exchanger (8) are both connected to the input end of the expansion valve 3 (17), the output end of the expansion valve 3 (17) is connected to the first port of the three-way valve 3 (18), the third port of the three-way valve 3 (18) is connected to the second end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger (7), and the second port of the three-way valve 3 (18) and the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger (7) are both connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator (4).

8. The integrated thermal management system for an electric loader according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second port of the three-way valve three (18) and the first end on the left side of the battery heat exchanger (7) are both connected to the third port of the three-way valve four (19), the second port of the three-way valve four (19) is connected to the input end of the cabin evaporator (4), and the first port of the three-way valve four (19) is connected to the input end of the compressor (3).

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