Multi-stage energy-absorbing buffering anti-climbing energy-absorbing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-stage energy-absorbing buffering anti-creeping energy-absorbing device, which belongs to the technical field of collision safety protection of railway vehicles and comprises an anti-creeper mounting seat, a multi-stage energy-absorbing mechanism, a hydraulic buffering mechanism and an anti-creeping tooth mechanism which are sequentially arranged. The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism is arranged at the front end of the anti-creeper mounting seat, the rear end of the anti-creeper tooth mechanism is connected with symmetrical guide beams, and the rear ends of the guide beams penetrate through the anti-creeper mounting seat and are in sliding connection with the anti-creeper mounting seat; the hydraulic buffering mechanism is arranged between the tooth climbing prevention mechanism and the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism and comprises a hydraulic buffer and a buffer pressing plate connected to the end of the hydraulic buffer. The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism comprises a circular groove, and a foam energy absorption module, a friction energy absorption module and an air bag buffer module which are sequentially arranged in the circular groove in the crushing direction. The hydraulic buffer pressing plate extends into the circular groove, and the end face of the hydraulic buffer pressing plate is attached to the front end face of the foam energy absorption module. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, strong practicability, high reliability, full energy absorption, quick response and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an anti-climbing energy absorption device, in particular to a multi-stage energy absorption buffer anti-climbing energy absorption device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's high-speed railway technology, the speed of trains is getting higher and higher. Once a collision accident occurs, it will cause serious casualties and property losses. In order to improve the collision resistance and anti-climbing performance of high-speed trains, avoid a large number of casualties and reduce property losses caused by train collisions, the research on collision safety protection of high-speed trains is of great significance for protecting the safety of drivers and passengers and preventing the loss of goods. The energy absorption and anti-climbing device is one of the key links in the collision resistance design of high-speed trains. When the energy absorption device is hit, it consumes energy through the plastic deformation produced, and at the same time improves the anti-climbing performance through its longitudinal stiffness, avoiding the train from climbing and rolling over, thereby protecting the safety of the train during the collision.

[0003] In the prior art, a multi-stage, multi-dimensional combined anti-climbing energy absorption device is disclosed with publication number CN116985861A and publication date November 3, 2023, and its technical solution is: a multi-stage, multi-dimensional combined anti-climbing energy absorption device, comprising an energy absorption device mounting plate, an anti-climbing tooth mounting plate and a thin-walled tube therebetween, and a plurality of main guide rods are also arranged between the energy absorption device mounting plate and the anti-climbing tooth mounting plate; it also comprises a cutting sleeve and a guide tube, the inner diameter of the cutting sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube, and the outer diameter of the cutting sleeve is consistent with the outer diameter of the guide tube; an upper step structure is provided on the radial outer side of the first open end of the cutting sleeve, and a guide portion extending axially into the guide tube is provided on the radial inner side of the first open end; a cutting tool for cutting the upper step structure is provided on the end face of the second open end of the guide tube, and a guide inclined surface for guiding the guide portion to move into the guide tube is provided on the radial inner side of the second open end; a high-pressure airbag that can be axially compressed is installed in the guide tube; a multi-stage compression material layer that can collapse axially is provided in the cutting sleeve.

[0004] The above patent adopts multi-level crushing material layers, cutting sleeves and high-pressure airbags to achieve multi-level and multi-dimensional longitudinal energy absorption functions. In order to further improve the buffering and anti-climbing energy absorption effect, this solution proposes a multi-level energy absorption buffering and anti-climbing energy absorption device. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to further improve the energy absorption effect and anti-climbing performance of the existing anti-climbing device, the utility model proposes a multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device, which converts the high-speed train collision impact damage process into the honeycomb aluminum crushing energy absorption, friction energy absorption and compressed air energy absorption process, thereby protecting the locomotive and vehicle from the damage caused by the collision.

[0006] In order to achieve the above utility model purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device comprises an anti-climbing device mounting seat, a multi-stage energy absorption mechanism, a hydraulic buffer mechanism and an anti-climbing tooth mechanism which are arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end; the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism is fixedly arranged at the front end of the anti-climbing device mounting seat, and the rear end of the anti-climbing tooth mechanism is connected to a symmetrical guide beam, and the rear end of the guide beam passes through the anti-climbing device mounting seat and is slidably connected thereto; the hydraulic buffer mechanism is arranged between the anti-climbing tooth mechanism and the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism, and comprises a hydraulic buffer connected to the anti-climbing tooth mechanism and a buffer pressure plate connected to the end of the hydraulic buffer; the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism comprises a circular groove and a foam energy absorption module, a friction energy absorption module and an airbag buffer module which are arranged in sequence along the crushing direction in the circular groove; the hydraulic buffer pressure plate extends into the circular groove, and its end face is in contact with the front end face of the foam energy absorption module.

[0008] Furthermore, the foam energy absorption module is divided into two areas, an inner ring and an outer ring, by a circular tube arranged in the center of the circular groove. Multiple levels of crushing materials are arranged in the inner ring and the outer ring along the crushing direction; the buffer pressure plate is in contact with the front end surface of the crushing material in the inner ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydraulic buffer is arranged in the middle position of the anti-tooth climbing mechanism, and symmetrical impact rods are arranged on both sides thereof. A limiting groove is arranged at the rear end of the anti-tooth climbing mechanism corresponding to the position of the impact rod, and the rear end of the impact rod is connected to an impact rod pressure plate; the impact rod pressure plate extends into the circular groove and is in contact with the front end surface of the crushed material in the outer ring.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting plate is arranged in the middle of the circular groove, a through hole matching the outer diameter of the circular groove is opened in the middle of the limiting plate, and the circular groove passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the limiting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, first-level guide holes are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the limit plate, and second-level guide holes are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the anti-climber mounting seat. The guide beam passes through the guide holes on the limit plate and the anti-climber mounting seat in turn, and there is a clearance fit between the guide holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the friction energy absorption module includes a closed chamber and two groups of friction energy absorption mechanisms symmetrically arranged in the closed chamber, each group of friction energy absorption mechanisms includes a friction block and a piston slidably connected to the friction block, and a spring is arranged inside the friction block, one end of which is connected to the friction block and the other end is connected to the piston; the pistons in the two groups of friction energy absorption mechanisms stand opposite to each other, and the gap between the two is a closed space.

[0013] Furthermore, the airbag buffer module includes a rubber airbag that is surrounded in a circle and leaves a central space; the rubber airbag is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air outlet is connected to a hose, and the hose outlet is connected to the closed space between the two pistons in the friction energy absorption module.

[0014] Furthermore, the rubber airbag is connected to an exhaust port, and a pressure valve is provided at the exhaust port.

[0015] Furthermore, a second hydraulic buffer is provided at the center position surrounded by the rubber airbag, one end of the second hydraulic buffer is fixedly connected to the anti-climber mounting seat, and the buffer end thereof is in contact with the partition at the bottom of the friction energy absorption module.

[0016] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0017] When the anti-climbing tooth is hit, the hydraulic buffer squeezes the crushed material on the inner ring of the circular groove until the impact pressure rod enters the limit groove and works together with the first-level hydraulic buffer to continue squeezing the crushed material to cause it to crush and deform. The pressure continues to be transmitted to the friction energy absorption module, and the friction block is squeezed to the rear end by the longitudinal pressure, and absorbs energy by squeezing and rubbing with the inner wall of the circular groove. The friction energy absorption module continues to squeeze the rubber airbag, and the high-pressure gas in the airbag enters the closed space in the friction energy absorption module through the hose, pushing the piston to move radially, and then pushing the spring to increase the pressure of the friction block, so that the friction energy absorption of the friction block gradually increases under the action of the impact force. During the continued squeezing process, when the friction block reaches the friction limit, the pressure of squeezing the rubber airbag increases rapidly, and then the exhaust port is opened to release gas. By continuing to squeeze the rubber airbag, the released gas does work to absorb energy. When the impact energy is large and exceeds the safety pressure of the high-pressure gas storage chamber, the emergency relief valve is opened to release the high-pressure gas, and the released gas absorbs the impact kinetic energy.

[0018] In summary, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. In the utility model, the huge energy generated by the impact of the anti-climbing teeth is transmitted to the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism via the hydraulic buffer mechanism. The foam energy absorption module in the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism absorbs energy by crushing and deformation, and the friction block in the friction energy absorption module absorbs energy by friction. The rubber airbag in the airbag buffer module is combined with the air inlet and the air outlet. The rubber airbag is squeezed and deformed to release gas to achieve the purpose of energy absorption. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, strong practicality, high reliability, sufficient energy absorption, and rapid response.

[0020] 2. In the utility model, the foam energy absorption module is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring, and different levels of crushing materials are placed in the inner ring and the outer ring respectively, so that the energy absorption capacity can be adjusted as needed; the crushing materials in the inner ring and the outer ring cooperate with the buffer pressure plate and the impact pressure plate respectively to absorb energy in sequence, which is convenient for the maintenance of the foam energy absorption module;

[0021] 3. In the present invention, the friction block in the friction energy absorption module realizes friction energy absorption with the inner wall of the circular groove under the longitudinal extrusion state. At the same time, the pressurized gas discharged by the airbag buffer module enters the closed space of the friction energy absorption module, further exerting pressure on the friction block, thereby increasing the friction energy absorption energy.

[0022] 4. In the present invention, when the pressure in the rubber airbag chamber exceeds the warning value, the pressurized gas is released through the exhaust port, thereby dissipating the remaining collision kinetic energy through the gas release. In addition to absorbing energy, the release of high-pressure gas can also protect the safety of the circular groove; if the released gas does not reach the critical pressure of the rubber airbag, the gas can be re-inflated through the air inlet for recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage energy absorption buffer anti-climbing energy absorption device of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 1. Anti-climbing teeth; 2. Anti-climbing teeth mounting bracket; 3. Hydraulic buffer; 4. Guide beam; 5. Impact rod; 6. Impact rod pressure plate; 7. Circular groove; 8. Limit plate; 9. Friction block; 10. Impact rod pressure plate, 11. Air inlet; 12. Anti-climbing device mounting seat; 13. Mounting hole; 14. Exhaust port; 15. Rubber airbag; 16. Air outlet; 17. Air hose; 18. Second hydraulic buffer; 19. Enclosed space; 20. Piston; 21. Spring; 22. Circular tube; 23. Second-level guide hole; 24. First-level guide hole; 25. Third-level foam aluminum; 26. Second-level foam aluminum; 27. First-level foam aluminum; 28. Buffer pressure plate; 29. ​​Limit groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The utility model provides a multi-stage energy absorption buffer anti-climbing energy absorption device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an anti-climbing device mounting seat 12, a multi-stage energy absorption mechanism, a hydraulic buffer mechanism and an anti-climbing tooth mechanism which are arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end. The anti-climbing device mounting seat 12 is fixedly connected to the front end of the vehicle body through a mounting hole 13, the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism is fixedly arranged at the front end of the anti-climbing device mounting seat 12, the rear end of the anti-climbing tooth mechanism is connected to a symmetrical guide beam 4, the rear end of the guide beam 4 passes through the anti-climbing device mounting seat 12 and is slidably connected thereto, and the hydraulic buffer mechanism is located between the anti-climbing tooth mechanism and the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism. The "front" and "rear" in this embodiment are relative to the crushing direction, with the first crushing direction being the "front".

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism includes a circular groove 7 and a foam energy absorption module, a friction energy absorption module and an airbag buffer module arranged in sequence along the crushing direction inside the circular groove 7, and each module is separated into relatively independent spaces by a partition. In order to improve the stability of the cylinder when it is fixed, a limit plate 8 is also arranged in the middle of the circular groove 7. A through hole matching the outer diameter of the circular groove 7 is opened in the middle of the limit plate 8. The circular groove 7 passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the limit plate 8.

[0033] In this embodiment, the limit plate 8 is parallel to the anti-climber mounting seat 12, and first-level guide holes 24 are symmetrically provided at both ends of the limit plate 8, and second-level guide holes 23 are symmetrically provided at both ends of the anti-climber mounting seat 12. The guide beam 4 passes through the guide holes on the limit plate 8 and the anti-climber mounting seat 12 in turn, and there is a clearance fit between the guide holes.

[0034] The anti-climbing tooth mechanism includes an anti-climbing tooth mounting frame 2 and an anti-climbing tooth 1, and the hydraulic buffer mechanism includes a hydraulic buffer 3 and a buffer pressure plate 28 connected to the end of the hydraulic buffer 3, and the buffer pressure plate 28 extends into the circular groove 7 and is in contact with the front end surface of the foam energy absorption module in the circular groove 7.

[0035] In this embodiment, the foam energy absorption module is divided into two areas, an inner ring and an outer ring, with the circular tube 22 arranged in the center as the boundary, and the circular tube 22 coincides with the central axis of the circular groove 7. The inner ring and the outer ring are filled with multiple levels of crushing materials, and each level of crushing materials is separated by a partition. Different levels of crushing materials have different longitudinal resistance to crushing stiffness. The higher the level, the greater the stiffness, and the energy absorption capacity can be adjusted as needed. Preferably, the crushing material can be made of honeycomb aluminum or foam aluminum.

[0036] The hydraulic buffer 3 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear end of the anti-climbing tooth mounting frame 2, a cover is arranged at the front end of the circular groove 7, and the buffer pressure plate 28 extends into the inner circle of the circular groove 7 and abuts against the front end surface of the primary foam aluminum 27. Correspondingly, two symmetrical impact rods 5 are also arranged on both sides of the hydraulic buffer 3, and a limiting groove 29 is arranged at the rear end of the anti-climbing tooth mounting frame 2 corresponding to the position of the impact rod 5, and the rear end of the impact rod 5 is connected to the impact rod pressure plate 6. The impact rod pressure plate 6 extends into the circular groove 7 and abuts against the front end surface of the crushed material in the outer circle.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the inner ring of the circular groove 7 is provided with primary foam aluminum 27, secondary foam aluminum 26 and tertiary foam aluminum 25 in sequence along the crushing direction; the outer ring is provided with secondary foam aluminum 26 and tertiary foam aluminum 25 in sequence along the crushing direction, and the front end of the impact rod 5 is kept at a distance from the limit groove 29. When the anti-climbing tooth is subjected to a small impact force, the primary crushing material first participates in energy absorption, followed by the secondary crushing material and the tertiary crushing material, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement of the crushing material.

[0038] In this embodiment, the friction energy absorption module includes a closed chamber and two groups of friction energy absorption mechanisms symmetrically arranged in the closed chamber, each group of friction energy absorption mechanisms includes a friction block 9 and a piston 20 slidably connected to the friction block 9, and a spring 21 is arranged inside the friction block 9, one end of which is connected to the friction block 9, and the other end is connected to the piston 20. The pistons 20 in the two groups of friction energy absorption mechanisms stand opposite to each other, and a relatively closed space is formed between the two.

[0039] The airbag buffer module includes a rubber airbag 15 which is surrounded in a circle and has a space in the middle. The rubber airbag 15 has a closed flexible chamber inside. The rubber airbag 15 is provided with an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 16. Gas enters through the air inlet 11 to expand the rubber airbag 15 under pressure. The air outlet 16 is connected to a hose, and the hose outlet is connected to the closed space 19 between the two pistons 20 in the friction energy absorption module.

[0040] Furthermore, the rubber airbag 15 is connected to an exhaust port 14, the exhaust direction is the same as the crushing direction, and a pressure valve is provided at the exhaust port 14. When the pressure in the rubber airbag 15 exceeds the warning value, the pressurized gas is released through the exhaust port 14, and the remaining collision kinetic energy is dissipated by gas release.

[0041] Preferably, in a certain embodiment, a second hydraulic buffer 18 is further provided in the middle space surrounded by the rubber airbag 15, one end of the second hydraulic buffer 18 is fixedly connected to the anti-climber mounting seat 12, and the buffer end thereof contacts the partition at the bottom of the friction energy absorption module.

[0042] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0043] Pressurized gas is introduced into the rubber airbag 15 through the air inlet 11, so that the chamber of the rubber airbag 15 reaches a certain pressure.

[0044] When encountering a collision, the anti-climbing tooth 1 is impacted, and the entire device is subjected to a huge impact force. The first thing to be squeezed is the hydraulic buffer 3 connected to the anti-climbing tooth 1. As the impact force increases, the anti-climbing tooth mounting frame 2 continues to squeeze, causing the impact pressure rod 5 to enter the limiting groove 29, and continues to push the impact pressure rod 5 and the hydraulic buffer 3, so that the impact rod pressure plate 6 and the buffer pressure plate 28 squeeze the foam energy absorption module, and the compacted first-level foam aluminum 27 continues to squeeze the second-level foam aluminum 26, and the corresponding second-level foam aluminum 26 squeezes the third-level foam aluminum 25, so that the foam aluminum is further compacted, deformed and absorbs energy.

[0045] The cross-sectional pressure of the primary foam aluminum 27, the secondary foam aluminum 26, and the tertiary foam aluminum 25 is increasing, and the compacted foam aluminum continues to squeeze the friction block 9. The friction force between the friction block 9 and the inner wall of the circular groove gradually increases under the squeeze state, thereby absorbing more energy. At the same time, the friction block 9 squeezes the rubber airbag 15. When the pressure in the rubber airbag 15 reaches a certain value, the gas outlet 13 opens, and the pressurized gas enters the closed space 19 through the hose 17, pushing the piston 20 to squeeze the spring 21, thereby applying pressure to the friction block and increasing the friction energy absorption energy.

[0046] Under the action of greater impact energy, when the pressure in the chamber of the rubber airbag 15 exceeds the warning value, the pressurized gas is released through the exhaust port, thereby dissipating the remaining collision kinetic energy through the release of gas. The release of high-pressure gas outward not only has the function of absorbing energy, but also protects the safety of the circular groove. If the gas released by the outlet valve does not reach the critical pressure of the high-pressure gas storage chamber, the gas can be re-inflated through the air inlet 11 for recycling.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an anti-climbing device mounting seat (12), a multi-stage energy absorption mechanism, a hydraulic buffer mechanism and an anti-climbing tooth (1) mechanism which are arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end; the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism is arranged at the front end of the anti-climbing device mounting seat (12); the rear end of the anti-climbing tooth (1) mechanism is connected to a symmetrical guide beam (4); the rear end of the guide beam (4) passes through the anti-climbing tooth (1) mounting seat and is slidably connected thereto; the hydraulic buffer mechanism is arranged between the anti-climbing tooth (1) mechanism and the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism, and comprises a hydraulic buffer (3) connected to the anti-climbing tooth (1) mechanism and a buffer pressure plate (28) connected to the end of the hydraulic buffer (3); the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism comprises a circular groove (7) and a foam energy absorption module, a friction energy absorption module and an airbag buffer module which are arranged in sequence in the circular groove (7) along the crushing direction; the buffer pressure plate (28) extends into the circular groove (7), and its end surface is in contact with the front end surface of the foam energy absorption module.

2. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam energy absorption module is divided into two areas, an inner ring and an outer ring, with a circular tube (22) arranged at the center of the circular groove (7) as a boundary. Multiple levels of crushing materials are arranged in the inner ring and the outer ring along the crushing direction. The buffer pressure plate (28) is in contact with the front end surface of the crushing material in the inner ring.

3. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer (3) is arranged in the middle of the anti-climbing tooth (1) mechanism, and symmetrical impact rods (5) are arranged on both sides thereof. A limiting groove (29) is arranged at the rear end of the anti-climbing tooth (1) mechanism corresponding to the position of the impact rod (5), and the rear end of the impact rod (5) is connected to an impact rod pressure plate (6); the impact rod pressure plate (6) extends into the circular groove (7) and is in contact with the front end surface of the crushed material in the outer ring.

4. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting plate (8) is arranged in the middle of the circular groove (7), a through hole matching the outer diameter of the circular groove (7) is opened in the middle of the limiting plate (8), and the circular groove (7) passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the limiting plate (8).

5. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting plate (8) is symmetrically provided with first-stage guide holes (24) at both ends, the anti-climbing device mounting seat (12) is symmetrically provided with second-stage guide holes (23) at both ends, and the guide beam (4) passes through the guide holes on the limiting plate (8) and the anti-climbing device mounting seat (12) in sequence, and is clearance-fitted with the guide holes.

6. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction energy absorption module comprises a closed chamber and two groups of friction energy absorption mechanisms symmetrically arranged in the closed chamber, each group of friction energy absorption mechanisms comprises a friction block (9) and a piston (20) slidably connected to the friction block (9), a spring (21) is arranged inside the friction block (9), one end of the spring is connected to the friction block (9), and the other end is connected to the piston (20); the pistons (20) in the two groups of friction energy absorption mechanisms stand opposite to each other, and the gap between the two is a closed space (19).

7. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The airbag buffer module comprises a rubber airbag (15) which is arranged in a circle and leaves a central space; the rubber airbag (15) is provided with an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (16); the air outlet (16) is connected to a hose, and the hose outlet is connected to a closed space (19) between two pistons (20) in the friction energy absorption module.

8. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rubber airbag (15) is also connected to an exhaust port (14), and a pressure valve is provided at the exhaust port (14).

9. The multi-stage energy absorption and buffering anti-climbing energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second hydraulic buffer (18) is also provided at the central position surrounded by the rubber airbag (15); one end of the second hydraulic buffer (18) is fixedly connected to the anti-climbing device mounting seat (12), and the buffer end thereof is in contact with the partition plate at the bottom of the friction energy absorption module.

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