Power supply system and vehicle
By designing a power supply system including power supply components, conversion components and power management components, the problem of inability to supply power efficiently when the battery is low is solved, continuous power supply to the domain controller is achieved, vehicle reliability is improved and cost is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421225376.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-30
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when the battery power is low, the power supply to domain controllers such as BMS cannot be effectively supplied, resulting in a decrease in the reliability of the vehicle during driving.
Design a power supply system, including power supply components, conversion components and power management components. The power supply component provides a first voltage, the conversion component converts the first voltage to the second voltage, and supplies power to the power management component. The power management component controls the switching circuit according to the power supply status to ensure the stability and safety of the power supply system.
The conversion components convert high-voltage power to low-voltage power supply effectively avoids the problem of insufficient residual power of low-voltage power supply, ensures continuous power supply of domain controllers, improves vehicle reliability, and reduces the cost of power supply system.
Smart Images
Figure CN222802563U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of controller technology for new energy vehicles, in particular to the field of battery management technology, and specifically to a power supply system and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] With the promotion of green energy-saving concepts, power batteries and energy storage batteries have become the main force in the development of the new energy industry. As the core link of the battery system, the battery management system BMS (Battery Management System) is playing an increasingly important role in the field of power and energy storage batteries.
[0003] BMS is the link between the battery and the user. Its functions include: battery physical parameter monitoring, battery status estimation, online diagnosis and early warning, charge and discharge control, and thermal management. Its main purpose is to improve the battery utilization rate, prevent the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, extend the battery life, and monitor the battery status. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present application provides a power supply system and a vehicle to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that when the battery power is low, it is impossible to effectively supply power to a domain controller such as a BMS. The technical solution of the present application is as follows:
[0005] According to the first aspect of the present application, a power supply system is provided, including: a power supply component, a conversion component and a power management component. The power supply component is used to provide a first voltage. The conversion component is connected between the power supply component and the power management component; the conversion component is used to access the first voltage and provide a second voltage to the power management component. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The power management component is connected to the power supply component; the power supply component is used to obtain the power supply status of the power supply component, and supply power to the load based on the normal power supply of the power supply component; based on the abnormal power supply of the power supply component, the connection between the power supply component and the conversion component is disconnected.
[0006] According to the above technical means, the present application can supply power to low-voltage electrical devices such as domain controllers in the domain control system through power supply components and conversion components, while ensuring that the power supply system can continuously, effectively and stably realize power output to ensure continuous power supply to the domain control system and improve the reliability of the vehicle during driving.
[0007] In a possible implementation, the power supply system further includes: a switch circuit. The switch circuit is connected between the power supply component and the conversion component. The power management component includes a processor and a detection circuit. The detection circuit is connected between the power supply component and the processor; the detection circuit is used to detect the power supply status of the battery component and provide the power supply status to the processor; the processor is used to generate a control instruction according to the working status and provide the control instruction to the switch circuit; the control instruction is used to control the switch circuit to disconnect, so as to disconnect the power supply component and the conversion component.
[0008] In a possible implementation, the power supply system further includes: the conversion component includes: a protection circuit and a step-down circuit. The protection circuit is connected between the power supply component and the step-down circuit; the protection circuit is used to provide a first voltage lower than a set voltage to the step-down circuit. The step-down circuit is used to access the first voltage and provide a third voltage; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage.
[0009] In a possible implementation, the power supply assembly includes a power supply; the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to an input terminal of the step-down circuit. The protection circuit includes: a voltage regulator diode, a first transistor, and a second transistor. The positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply. The control electrode of the first transistor is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode, the first electrode of the first transistor is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode, and the second electrode of the first transistor is connected between the control electrode of the second transistor and the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode. The first electrode of the second transistor is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode, and the second electrode of the second transistor is connected to the other input terminal of the step-down circuit.
[0010] In a possible implementation, the conversion component further includes: a voltage stabilizing circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the voltage step-down circuit. The voltage stabilizing circuit is used to access the third voltage and provide a second voltage; the second voltage is lower than the third voltage.
[0011] In a possible implementation, the power supply system further includes: the voltage stabilization circuit includes a linear voltage regulator.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the power supply system further includes: the conversion component further includes: a filter circuit; the filter circuit is connected to the voltage stabilization circuit. The filter circuit is used to perform anti-interference processing on the second voltage and provide the processed second voltage to the power management component.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the filter circuit includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor. The first capacitor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, and the first inductor is connected in series between the first capacitor and the second capacitor.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the filter circuit further includes: a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor. The third capacitor is connected in parallel between the first capacitor and the voltage reduction circuit; and the fourth capacitor is connected in parallel between the second capacitor and the power management component.
[0015] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising: a power supply system and a domain control system as provided in any of the above embodiments. The domain control system comprises at least one domain controller, and the power supply system is used to supply power to the domain controller.
[0016] Therefore, the above technical features of the present application have the following beneficial effects:
[0017] (1) The first voltage U1 provided by the power supply component is converted into the second voltage U2 by the conversion component, and the second voltage U2 is provided to the power management component to supply power to the power management component. In this way, the problem that the remaining power of the low-voltage power supply is lower than the set power, resulting in the inability to provide effective power supply to low-voltage electrical devices such as the domain control system, can be effectively avoided.
[0018] (2) Power is supplied to low-voltage electrical devices such as domain controllers in the domain control system through power components and conversion components, ensuring that the power supply system can continuously, effectively and stably output power to ensure continuous power supply to the domain control system and improve the reliability of the vehicle during driving.
[0019] (3) Power is supplied to low-voltage electrical devices such as domain controllers in the domain control system through power supply components and conversion components. In this way, the low-voltage power supply can be replaced to supply power to low-voltage electrical devices. In this way, there is no need to set up a low-voltage power supply in the power supply system, thereby reducing the cost of the power supply system.
[0020] It should be noted that the technical effects brought about by any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect and the second aspect can refer to the technical effects brought about by the corresponding implementation method in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.
[0021] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.
[0023] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a power supply system according to an exemplary embodiment;
[0024] Figure 2 is a circuit structure diagram of a power supply system according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to enable ordinary persons in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of systems and vehicles consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.
[0027] To facilitate understanding, the power supply system and vehicle provided in this application are specifically introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] The transportation tools described in the present application include but are not limited to vehicles, airplanes or ships, etc., and the transportation tools have a power supply system. The following takes the transportation tool as a vehicle as an example to illustrate some embodiments of the present application.
[0029] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes a power supply system and a domain control system, and the power supply system and the domain control system are connected. The domain control system includes a primary domain controller (DC) and a secondary domain controller, and the primary domain controller is connected to the secondary domain controller. The power supply system can be used to power the primary domain controller and the secondary domain controller in the vehicle.
[0030] Exemplarily, the primary domain controller may be a BMS (Battery Management System), and the secondary domain controller may be a domain controller other than the BMS.
[0031] For example, the secondary domain controller includes but is not limited to the vehicle controller unit VCU (Vehicle Controller Unit), thermal management system TMS (Thermal Management System), vehicle dynamics control system SVDC (Vehicle Dynamics Control), motor drive system IPU (Integrated Power Unit), air suspension system CDC / ECAS (CDC, Continuous Damping Control; ECAS, Electronic-Controlled Air Suspension), electronic braking system EMB (Electric Mechanical Brake), electronic power steering controller EPS (Electric Power Steering), gateway components, body domain control VIU (Vehicle Integrated Unit), etc.
[0032] In some embodiments, the power supply system includes a high voltage power supply and a low voltage power supply. The high voltage power supply is used to supply power to the driving motor of the vehicle, and the low voltage power supply is used to supply power to low voltage electrical devices such as a domain control system in the vehicle.
[0033] Exemplarily, the high voltage power source may be a power battery pack, which includes a plurality of power batteries, and the low voltage power source may be a storage battery. Of course, the high voltage power source may be other types of batteries, and the storage battery may also be other types of batteries, which are not limited in this application.
[0034] The battery components inside the power battery pack are mainly ternary lithium batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries, while the storage batteries are mainly lead-acid batteries.
[0035] Battery energy density refers to the amount of electrical energy released by a battery per unit mass or volume. The greater the battery energy density, the more electricity can be stored per unit mass or volume. Different types of batteries have different energy densities. For example, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is about 120Wh / kg to 140Wh / kg, that of ternary lithium batteries is about 140Wh / kg to 220Wh / Kg, and that of ordinary lead-acid batteries is about 30Wh / kg to 70Wh / kg.
[0036] In addition, the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries when used in vehicles is generally more than 800 times, and lithium-ion batteries using lithium iron phosphate positive electrode materials can reach about 2,000 times, which is 1.5 to 5 times longer than lead-acid batteries.
[0037] It can be seen that the battery energy density and life of lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium batteries are much higher than lead-acid batteries. Therefore, for power battery packs and storage batteries of the same mass, power battery packs can store more electrical energy than storage batteries.
[0038] Since the battery energy density and life of the battery are low, it is easy for the remaining power of the battery to be lower than the set power when the low-voltage electrical devices in the vehicle are powered by the battery. In this case, the battery cannot effectively power the domain controllers in the vehicle, and the domain controllers in the vehicle may fail due to insufficient power supply, reducing the reliability of the vehicle during driving.
[0039] Based on this, the present application provides a power supply system. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a power supply system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the power supply system includes: a power supply component, a conversion component and a power management component. The power supply component is used to provide a first voltage U1. The conversion component is connected between the power supply component and the power management component. The conversion component is used to access the first voltage U1 and provide a second voltage U2 to the power management module. The first voltage U1 is greater than the second voltage U2.
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the power management component is connected to the power component. The power component is used to obtain the power supply status of the power component, and supply power to the load based on the normal power supply of the power component; and disconnect the power component from the conversion component based on abnormal power supply of the power component.
[0041] The loads mentioned here may be various low-voltage electrical devices in the vehicle, such as various domain controllers, etc.
[0042] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power supply assembly in this embodiment can be the aforementioned power battery pack. The first voltage U1 output by the power supply assembly is high voltage direct current, and the conversion assembly converts the high voltage direct current output by the power supply assembly into low voltage direct current (second voltage U2) that meets the requirements of low voltage electrical devices, and supplies power to the low voltage electrical devices.
[0043] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the first voltage U1 provided by the power supply component is converted into the second voltage U2 by the conversion component, and the second voltage U2 is provided to the power management component to supply power to the power management component. In this way, the problem that the remaining power of the low-voltage power supply is lower than the set power, resulting in the inability to provide effective power supply to low-voltage electrical devices such as the domain control system, can be effectively avoided.
[0044] On the other hand, power is supplied to low-voltage electrical devices such as domain controllers in the domain control system through power components and conversion components, ensuring that the power supply system can continuously, effectively and stably output power to ensure continuous power supply to the domain control system and improve the reliability of the vehicle during driving.
[0045] On the other hand, power is supplied to low-voltage electrical devices such as domain controllers in the domain control system through power supply components and conversion components. In this way, the low-voltage power supply can be replaced to supply power to the low-voltage electrical devices. In this way, there is no need to set up a low-voltage power supply in the power supply system, thereby reducing the cost of the power supply system.
[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power supply system also includes a switch circuit, which is connected between the power supply component and the conversion component. The switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the power supply component and the conversion component. The switch circuit is a safety device for controlling the on-off of the power supply circuit between the power supply component and the conversion component. The power management component can control the on-off of the switch circuit to achieve control of the on-off of the power supply circuit between the power supply component and the conversion component.
[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power management component includes: a processor and a detection circuit. The detection circuit is connected between the power component and the processor, and the processor is connected between the detection circuit and the conversion component.
[0048] The detection circuit is used to detect the power supply status of the power supply component and provide the power supply status to the processor; the processor is used to generate a control instruction according to the power supply status and provide the control instruction to the switching circuit; the control instruction is used to control the switching circuit to disconnect, so as to disconnect the power supply component and the conversion component.
[0049] The power supply status of the power supply component includes: at least one of the output voltage, insulation resistance, temperature and remaining power of the power supply component.
[0050] The processor is used to generate a control instruction according to the power supply status and provide the control instruction to the switch circuit; the control instruction is used to control the switch circuit to disconnect so as to disconnect the power supply component and the conversion component.
[0051] Exemplarily, the processor may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit). The MCU may be in communication connection with the switch circuit, and a control signal may be sent to the switch circuit via the MCU to control the on and off of the switch circuit.
[0052] Exemplarily, the detection circuit may include a plurality of different types of sensors, and the plurality of different types of sensors are used to implement a data collection function.
[0053] In some embodiments, the power management component also includes: a communication component. The communication component can be used to send and receive information such as data or control instructions with a structure connected thereto through wired communication and / or wireless communication. The communication component can be connected to the upper controller of the power management component and / or the cloud server. The upper controller of the power management component can be an MCU. When the power supply system is applied to a vehicle, the upper controller here can refer to the vehicle controller.
[0054] The aforementioned power management component may be a BMS (Battery Management System). The functions of the BMS cover multiple aspects such as data acquisition, state estimation, charge and discharge management, safety protection, and balance management of the battery pack. The battery pack here may be the aforementioned power battery pack. The BMS also has fault diagnosis and alarm functions, as well as the ability to communicate with the upper controller and other devices.
[0055] For example, BMS can detect and locate abnormal conditions of battery packs. Communication between BMS and superior controllers and other devices can be achieved through CAN bus, Ethernet, etc., and fault information can be transmitted to superior controllers or users through communication interfaces, so that BMS can realize remote monitoring, data upload, control command issuance and other functions, provide support for intelligent management of battery packs, help to timely discover and deal with problems, and ensure the safe operation of battery packs.
[0056] The power management component collects key parameters of the power component, such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. in real time through a variety of different types of sensors, and transmits the collected data to the control component. The control component processes and analyzes the collected data and can estimate the status of the power component in real time, thereby evaluating the performance, life and safety of the power component, so as to fully understand the power supply status of the power component.
[0057] For example, the power management component can detect the power supply status of the power component in real time. During the charging and discharging process of the power component, the detection component collects the terminal voltage and temperature of each battery in the power battery pack, the charging and discharging current, and the total voltage of the power battery pack in real time to prevent any battery in the power battery pack from being overcharged or over-discharged. At the same time, it can provide the battery status in time, select the problematic battery, maintain the reliability and efficiency of the entire battery group, and make it possible to implement the remaining power estimation model.
[0058] Based on the above, the power management component can realize real-time monitoring of the power supply status of the power supply component according to the data collected by the detection circuit, and the main control component can control the on and off of the power supply circuit of the voltage component according to the power supply status of the power supply component to realize multiple safety protection functions such as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, and over-temperature protection.
[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the power management component determines that the power supply status of the power supply component is normal through the data collected by the detection circuit, the power supply system is allowed to supply power to the secondary domain controller.
[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, when the power management component determines through the data collected by the detection circuit that the power supply status of the power supply component (the output voltage, output current, temperature and remaining power of the power supply component, etc.) is abnormal, the main control component generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the switch circuit to control the switch circuit to disconnect, so as to control the power supply circuit between the power supply component and the conversion component to be disconnected, and stop the voltage and current output of the power supply component to the conversion component to improve the power supply safety.
[0061] During the power output process of the power supply system, the power supply system may first supply power to the power management component. After receiving the second voltage U2 provided by the conversion component, the detection circuit in the power management component collects power supply status information of the power supply component, such as the output voltage, output current and other information of the power supply component. The processor in the power management component processes and analyzes the information collected by the detection circuit to determine whether there is any abnormality in the power supply status of the power supply component (the output voltage, temperature, insulation status of the power supply, etc. of the power supply component).
[0062] When the power supply status of the power supply component is normal, the power management component controls the switching component to supply power to the secondary domain controller; when the power supply status of the power supply component is abnormal, the main control component sends a control instruction to the switch circuit in the power supply component to control the switch circuit to disconnect, stop the power supply component from outputting voltage to the conversion component, and avoid continuous output of the power supply component when the power supply status is abnormal.
[0063] At the same time, the communication component in the power management component also feeds back the data of abnormal power supply status of the power supply component to the upper-level controller and / or the cloud server, so as to collect, analyze and process the abnormal working status of the power supply component.
[0064] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the conversion component includes: a protection circuit and a step-down circuit. The protection circuit is connected between the power supply component and the step-down circuit; the protection circuit is used to provide a first voltage lower than a set voltage to the step-down circuit. The step-down circuit is used to access the first voltage and provide a third voltage; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage.
[0065] By setting up a protection circuit, it is possible to effectively prevent the back-end circuit (for example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The switching circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, filtering circuit, etc. shown in the figure do not break down during the process of drawing power from the power supply component, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the power supply system.
[0066] By setting a switching circuit, the first voltage U1 output by the power supply assembly can be converted into a lower third voltage U3, so as to convert the high-voltage direct current provided by the power supply assembly into the low-voltage direct current required by the low-voltage electrical devices.
[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the power supply assembly includes a power supply. The power supply may be the aforementioned power battery pack. The output end of the power supply is connected to the input end of the protection circuit.
[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the switching circuit includes a transformer; the transformer includes an input inductor and an output inductor, and the output inductor serves as an output end of the transformer. The transformer may be an isolation transformer.
[0069] The high voltage circuit (such as Figure 2 The power supply components and protection circuits shown in Figure 2 The voltage stabilizing circuit and filtering circuit shown in the figure are isolated to convert the high-voltage direct current provided by the power battery pack into the low-voltage direct current required by the low-voltage electrical devices, thereby reducing the risk of high voltage being connected in series with the low-voltage circuit.
[0070] In addition, the isolation transformer can effectively isolate the signals between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit, reduce the noise and interference of the power supply system, and thus improve the reliability of the power supply system.
[0071] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the protection circuit includes: a voltage stabilizing diode M1, a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2. The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is grounded.
[0072] The anode of the Zener diode M1 is connected to the cathode of the power supply, and the cathode of the Zener diode M1 is connected to the anode of the power supply.
[0073] The control electrode of the first transistor Q1 is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the Zener diode, the first electrode of the first transistor Q1 is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the Zener diode, and the second electrode of the first transistor Q1 is connected between the control electrode of the second transistor Q2 and the positive electrode of the Zener diode.
[0074] The first electrode of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the second electrode of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the input inductor, and the second end of the input inductor is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply.
[0075] For example, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 may be BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) transistors. The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 may both be PNP transistors.
[0076] By reversely connecting a Zener diode M1 between the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply, when the PN junction of the Zener diode M1 breaks down in reverse, the current passing through the Zener diode M1 can be changed within a wide range while the voltage remains basically unchanged, thereby playing a voltage stabilizing role.
[0077] The second transistor Q2 may act as a switch for a power supply loop between the protection circuit and the switching circuit.
[0078] When the first voltage U1 output by the power supply is lower than the reverse conduction voltage of the Zener diode M1, the Zener diode is forward-conducted and reverse-cut off. The control pole of the first transistor Q1 is at a high level, and since it is a PNP transistor, the first transistor Q1 is cut off. Moreover, when the first transistor Q1 is in the off state, the control pole of the second transistor Q2 is at a low level, the second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the current output by the power supply can be transmitted to the transformer through the second transistor Q2.
[0079] When the first voltage U1 output by the power supply exceeds the reverse conduction voltage of the Zener diode M1, the Zener diode conducts in reverse, grounding the control electrode of the first transistor Q1, and the first transistor Q1 is turned on. When the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the control electrode of the first transistor Q1 becomes a high level and the first transistor Q1 is turned off. The first transistor Q1 does not allow current to flow through it and protects the load from the influence of the overvoltage (the voltage exceeding the upper limit of the allowable value of the load supply voltage), so that the large voltage cannot be connected in series to the back-end circuit (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this way, the voltage value of the second voltage U2 output by the conversion component will not be higher than the upper limit of the allowable value of the load supply voltage, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the power supply output of the power supply system.
[0080] For example, the first voltage U1 output by the power supply is converted into the second voltage U2 by the conversion component, and the conversion component provides the second voltage U2 to the power management component. When the power supply status of the power supply is normal, the power management component supplies power to the load (each secondary domain controller, etc.).
[0081] The protection circuit can provide a first voltage U1 that is lower than the set voltage (the maximum allowable value of the first voltage U1 provided by the power supply to the conversion component) to the conversion component, while the first voltage U1 that is higher than the set voltage cannot be transmitted to the switching circuit through the protection circuit, thereby ensuring that the value of the second voltage U2 output after passing through the switching circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit is within the allowable range of the working voltage connected to the power management component and the load, thereby ensuring the safety of electrical devices such as domain controllers.
[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the protection circuit also includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply and the first electrode of the second transistor Q2, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage zener diode M1 and one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply and the positive electrode of the voltage zener diode M1, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second electrode of the first transistor Q1 and the control electrode of the second transistor Q2.
[0083] The first resistor R1 is connected in series between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode M1. The second resistor is connected in series between the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode and the control electrode of the first transistor Q1. The third resistor R3 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the power supply and the control electrode of the second transistor Q2.
[0084] The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are respectively connected in series in each branch of the protection circuit. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are used as current limiting resistors to limit the current size of the branch to prevent excessive current from burning the components connected in series. At the same time, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can also play a voltage dividing role while serving as current limiting resistors.
[0085] For example, by setting the first resistor R1, the magnitude of the current flowing through the Zener diode M1 can be limited to avoid the current flowing through the Zener diode M1 being too large and causing damage to the Zener diode M1. The first resistor R1 can also limit the magnitude of the current flowing to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1 to avoid the current flowing to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1 being too large and causing damage to the first transistor Q1.
[0086] For example, by providing the second resistor R2 , the magnitude of the current flowing to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1 can be limited, thereby preventing the current flowing to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1 from being too large and causing damage to the first transistor Q1 .
[0087] For example, by providing the third resistor R3 , the magnitude of the current flowing to the control electrode of the second transistor Q2 can be limited, thereby preventing the current flowing to the control electrode of the second transistor Q2 from being too large and causing damage to the second transistor Q2 .
[0088] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conversion component also includes: a voltage stabilizing circuit. The voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the voltage step-down circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit is used to access the third voltage U3 and provide the second voltage U2; the second voltage U2 is less than the third voltage U3.
[0089] Exemplarily, the voltage stabilization circuit includes a linear regulator.
[0090] The voltage stabilization circuit may be an LDO (Low Dropout Regulaor, low voltage difference linear regulator). The LDO voltage regulator is capable of reducing the input voltage to a desired output voltage and maintaining the stability of the output voltage when the load changes or the input voltage band varies.
[0091] The third voltage U3 output by the step-down circuit is stabilized and rectified by the voltage stabilizing circuit, so that the unstable third voltage U3 output by the transformer is converted into a stable and high-precision second voltage U2.
[0092] In some embodiments, the conversion component further includes: a filter circuit. The filter circuit is connected to the step-down circuit; the filter circuit is connected to the step-down circuit; the filter circuit is used to perform anti-interference processing on the second voltage and provide the processed second voltage to the power management component.
[0093] The filter circuit can remove useless and harmful signals such as various clutters, pulse spikes, etc. in the electrical signal corresponding to the second voltage output by the voltage stabilizing circuit.
[0094] In some embodiments, the filter circuit includes: a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first inductor L1. The first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the voltage stabilization circuit and the power management component, and the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between the first capacitor C1 and the power management component. The first inductor L1 is connected in series between the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2.
[0095] By connecting the filter circuit after the voltage stabilizing circuit, the AC component in the second voltage U2 output by the voltage stabilizing circuit can be greatly reduced, thereby obtaining a relatively smooth DC voltage output. The first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the first inductor L1 constitute a π-type filter circuit, which has a smaller voltage loss in the process of filtering the second voltage U2 output by the voltage stabilizing circuit, thereby improving the voltage quality of the second voltage U2 output after anti-interference processing by the filter circuit.
[0096] In some embodiments, the filter circuit further includes: a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4. The third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel between the first capacitor C1 and the step-down circuit, and the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel between the second capacitor C2 and the power management component.
[0097] Exemplarily, the third capacitor C3 may be connected in parallel with the output inductor of the transformer.
[0098] Exemplarily, the capacitance values of any two of the first capacitor C1 , the second capacitor C2 , the third capacitor C3 , and the fourth capacitor C4 are greater than the capacitance values of the other two.
[0099] In the filter circuit, capacitors with different capacitance values can filter noise and clutter of different frequencies. For example, the capacitance value of any one of the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 is greater than the capacitance value of the second capacitor C2, and the capacitance value of any one of the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 is greater than the capacitance value of the fourth capacitor C4.
[0100] Thus, among the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are large capacitors, and the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are small capacitors.
[0101] Low-frequency noise and power spike signals can be filtered out by the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 because the large capacitor has a large capacity and a low impedance. High-frequency noise and clutter can be filtered out by the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 because the small capacitor has a small capacity and a high impedance.
[0102] Therefore, by setting the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 in the filter circuit, interference signals of different frequency bands can be effectively filtered to ensure the operation stability and performance of the conversion component. The filter circuit can effectively filter out interference signals such as noise, spikes and clutter in the power supply by setting the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4, and provide the filtered second voltage U2 to the power management component to ensure the stability of the output of the conversion component.
[0103] It should be noted that the capacitance values of the first capacitor C1 , the second capacitor C2 , the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 need to be selected in combination with the actual overall design of the power supply system.
[0104] It should be noted that the technical features such as domain controller, power battery pack, storage battery, BMS, cloud server, processor, vehicle controller, linear regulator, etc. involved in the present disclosure should be regarded as prior art. The specific structure, working principle and possible control method and spatial layout method of these technical features can be selected by conventional methods in the field, and should not be regarded as the inventive point of the present disclosure. The present disclosure will not further elaborate on them.
[0105] It should be noted that the division of components in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is merely a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.
[0106] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
[0107] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A power supply system, characterized in that: include: Power supply components, conversion components and power management components; The power supply component is used to provide a first voltage; The conversion component is connected between the power supply component and the power management component; the conversion component is used to access the first voltage and provide a second voltage to the power management component; the first voltage is greater than the second voltage; The power management component is connected to the power supply component; the power supply component is used to obtain the power supply status of the power supply component, and supply power to the load based on normal power supply of the power supply component; based on abnormal power supply of the power supply component, disconnect the power supply component and the conversion component.
2. The power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system further comprises a switch circuit; the switch circuit is connected between the power supply component and the conversion component; The power management component includes a processor and a detection circuit; the detection circuit is connected between the power component and the processor; the detection circuit is used to detect the power supply status of the power component and provide the power supply status to the processor; The processor is used to generate a control instruction according to the power supply state, and provide the control instruction to the switch circuit; The control instruction is used to control the switch circuit to disconnect, so as to disconnect the power supply component and the conversion component.
3. The power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion component includes: a protection circuit and a step-down circuit; The protection circuit is connected between the power supply component and the step-down circuit; the protection circuit is used to provide the first voltage lower than the set voltage to the step-down circuit; The step-down circuit is used to access the first voltage and provide a third voltage; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage.
4. The power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply assembly includes a power supply; the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to an input terminal of the step-down circuit; The protection circuit comprises: a voltage stabilizing diode, a first transistor and a second transistor; The positive electrode of the voltage zener diode is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and the negative electrode of the voltage zener diode is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply; The control electrode of the first transistor is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage zener diode, the first electrode of the first transistor is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage zener diode, and the second electrode of the first transistor is connected between the control electrode of the second transistor and the positive electrode of the voltage zener diode; The first electrode of the second transistor is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing diode, and the second electrode of the second transistor is connected to the other input terminal of the step-down circuit.
5. The power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conversion component also includes: a voltage stabilizing circuit; The voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the voltage step-down circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit is used to access the third voltage and provide the second voltage; the second voltage is lower than the third voltage.
6. The power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage stabilization circuit includes a linear voltage stabilizer.
7. The power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conversion component also includes: a filter circuit; The filter circuit is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit; the filter circuit is used to perform anti-interference processing on the second voltage and provide the processed second voltage to the power management component.
8. The power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter circuit comprises: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor; The first capacitor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, and the first inductor is connected in series between the first capacitor and the second capacitor.
9. The power supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter circuit further includes: a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; The third capacitor is connected in parallel between the first capacitor and the step-down circuit; The fourth capacitor is connected in parallel between the second capacitor and the power management component.
10. A means of transport, characterized in that: include: The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and a domain control system; the domain control system includes at least one domain controller, and the power supply system is used to supply power to the domain controller.