High-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling. The high-density server cabinet comprises a server cabinet body; the server case units are arranged in the server cabinet body, and heating elements are arranged in the server case units; the heat dissipation unit comprises a micro-structure cold head arranged in each server case unit, the micro-structure cold heads are attached to the heating elements, heat exchange cavities filled with working media are formed in the micro-structure cold heads, and the working media flow in from inlets formed in the micro-structure cold heads and then flow out from outlets formed in the micro-structure cold heads; the working medium circulating unit is arranged in the server cabinet body and comprises a box body; a condenser, a buffer tank and a driving element which are communicated in sequence are arranged in the box body; the hot working medium flowing out of the microstructure cold head is driven by the driving element to flow into the condenser, and the condensed working medium flows out of the condenser and then enters the liquid storage tank to realize further gas-liquid separation; a working medium in the liquid storage tank flows out of the box body under the driving force of the driving element and then flows into the heat exchange cavity to form a circulation loop; a cooling fan is installed on one side or two sides of the condenser, and the condenser and the cooling fan jointly achieve condensation of the two-phase working medium fluid. Compared with the prior art, two-phase boiling heat exchange of the heating element is realized through the micro-structure cold head. Two-phase liquid cooling heat dissipation is an advanced heat dissipation technology, a large amount of heat is taken away through latent heat generated during phase change of a liquid working medium, and the two-phase liquid cooling heat dissipation device has the advantages of being high in heat exchange coefficient and low in energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of server heat dissipation, and in particular to a high-density server cabinet based on phase-change liquid cooling. Background Art

[0002] With the surge in the number of data centers, the computing power of data centers is also constantly improving, which leads to the continuous development of data center servers towards high density and high integration. While the size of electronic components continues to decrease, the heat load is constantly increasing. The energy consumption of the data center computer room is mainly composed of four parts. The first is the energy consumption of IT equipment, the second is the air conditioning and cooling system of the data center, and the third is the energy consumption of the power supply system. The energy consumption of the cooling system can account for more than 35% of the total energy consumption. Therefore, adopting a reasonable planning of the data center's cooling system and establishing an efficient and energy-saving computer room cooling system is the primary consideration for the data center.

[0003] As the heat flow of electronic chips increases, air cooling can no longer meet the temperature balance inside the server. With the continuous upgrading of cabinet structures and the increase in the number of servers, local overheating will occur. How to design a server cooling cabinet that saves energy, has stable performance and good compatibility is a common concern of technical personnel in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling in order to overcome at least one of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, which realizes two-phase boiling heat exchange of heating elements through a microstructure cold head. Two-phase liquid cooling is an advanced heat dissipation technology, which uses the latent heat of the liquid working medium during phase change to remove a large amount of heat, and has the characteristics of high heat transfer coefficient and low energy consumption.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling, comprising:

[0007] Server cabinet;

[0008] A plurality of server chassis units are arranged in the server cabinet, and a heating element is arranged in the server chassis units;

[0009] The heat dissipation unit includes a microstructure cold head disposed in each server chassis unit, the microstructure cold head is fitted with the heating element, a heat exchange cavity filled with a working medium is disposed in the microstructure cold head, the working medium flows in from an inlet disposed in the microstructure cold head, and then flows out from an outlet disposed in the microstructure cold head;

[0010] The working fluid circulation unit is arranged in the server cabinet, which includes a box body; a condenser, a liquid storage tank, and a driving element which are connected in sequence are arranged in the box body; the hot working fluid flowing out of the microstructure cold head is driven by the driving element to flow into the condenser, and the condensed working fluid flows out of the condenser and enters the liquid storage tank to realize further gas-liquid separation; the working fluid in the liquid storage tank flows out of the box body under the driving force of the driving element, and then flows into the heat exchange cavity to form a circulation loop; a cooling fan is installed on one side or both sides of the condenser, and the condenser and the cooling fan jointly realize the condensation of the two-phase working fluid.

[0011] Furthermore, a filter is provided between the liquid storage tank and the driving element.

[0012] Furthermore, along the flow direction of the working medium, a flow monitor is arranged on the front end pipeline in the box body and connected with the driving element.

[0013] Furthermore, the working fluid is selected from one of water, electronic fluorinated liquid, and nanofluid.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the condensers is one or more; when the number of the condensers is multiple, the multiple condensers are connected in series, and a corresponding cooling fan is installed on each independent condenser.

[0015] Furthermore, the server cabinet includes a shell and a plurality of server chassis unit accommodating cavities arranged in the shell along the height direction. More specifically, the server cabinet is composed of a metal shell, metal pillars and a server chassis tray, and the metal pillars and the server chassis tray form a plurality of server chassis unit accommodating cavities.

[0016] Furthermore, the shell is a metal shell, which includes a server cabinet body, a server cabinet front door, a server cabinet rear door and a top fan cover; the server cabinet front door and the server cabinet rear door are connected to the server cabinet body through hinges.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the shell is provided with a hollow structure; the shape and arrangement of the hollow structure are not limited, and the hollow ratio of the hollow structure is greater than or equal to 10%; the top surface of the shell is also provided with a top fan; the air outlet of the top fan is directed toward the outside of the shell. More specifically, the metal shell hollow array is distributed on the two side surfaces and bottom surface of the server cabinet body, the server cabinet front door, and the server cabinet rear door.

[0018] Optionally, a top fan cover is provided on the top surface of the server cabinet body; a top fan is installed in the top fan cover; and the air outlet of the top fan faces outward. The utility model does not limit the shape and distribution density of the hollowing of the metal shell. For example, the shape of the hollowing of the metal shell can be a rounded rectangle or a regular hexagon.

[0019] Preferably, the metal pillars are vertically distributed inside the server cabinet body through threaded connections; guide rails parallel to the bottom surface of the server cabinet body are installed on the metal pillars; and the server chassis tray is installed parallel to the server cabinet through the guide rails.

[0020] Preferably, the server chassis unit includes a server chassis, a server substrate and a heating element; the number of the heating element can be one or more. It should be noted that the specific type of the above heating element is not limited, and the heating element is exemplarily a high-power consumption device such as a CPU, a GPU, a chip, etc.

[0021] Furthermore, the area of ​​the server chassis is smaller than that of the server tray; the area of ​​the server baseboard is smaller than that of the server chassis; the server baseboard is connected to the server chassis via threads; and the connection method between the heating element and the server baseboard is selected from one of a snap-on connection, an embedded slot, and a threaded connection.

[0022] Furthermore, the microstructure cold head and the heating element are connected to form a relative whole through a snap connection or a threaded connection; and a heat-conducting medium is filled between the contacting surfaces of the microstructure cold head and the heating element.

[0023] Furthermore, the heat-conducting medium may be a thermal paste, liquid metal, solid thermal interface material or solder; when the heat-conducting medium is solder, the microstructure cold head and the heating element are connected by welding to form an integrated structure. Furthermore, when the heat-conducting medium is liquid metal, a sealing device should be provided around the fitting interface between the microstructure cold head and the heating element to prevent leakage of liquid metal. The present application does not impose any restrictions on the sealing device. For example, an O-ring can be used around the fitting interface between the microstructure cold head and the heating element to achieve sealing under the preload of a threaded connection or a buckle.

[0024] Preferably, the working fluid circulation unit comprises a first working fluid input pipeline, a first working fluid discharge pipeline, a second working fluid input pipeline, a second working fluid discharge pipeline, a liquid storage tank, and a driving element; the driving element is selected from one of a gear pump, a centrifugal pump, a plunger pump, and a vane pump.

[0025] Furthermore, the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid storage tank plug for replenishing the fluid working medium. The liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid level sensor. When the liquid level feedback signal detected by the liquid level sensor is lower than a preset value, an alarm is issued to avoid leakage risks.

[0026] Preferably, the working fluid inlet of the driving element is connected to the liquid storage tank, the working fluid outlet of the driving element is connected to the first working fluid input pipeline, a filter may be provided on the inlet pipeline of the driving element, a flow meter may be provided on the outlet pipeline of the driving element, the first working fluid input pipeline and the first working fluid discharge pipeline are respectively connected to the second working fluid input pipeline and the second working fluid discharge pipeline. The first working fluid discharge pipeline is connected to the condenser, and the condenser is further connected to the liquid storage tank to form a closed loop.

[0027] Furthermore, the second working fluid input pipeline and the second working fluid discharge pipeline are respectively provided with a first stop valve and a second stop valve for opening and closing the second working fluid input pipeline and the second working fluid discharge pipeline, and the end of the first input pipeline and the end of the first discharge pipeline are respectively provided with an input pipeline plug and an output pipeline plug to facilitate maintenance and repair of the pipelines.

[0028] Furthermore, the connection method between the second working fluid input pipeline and the second working fluid discharge pipeline and the first working fluid input pipeline and the first working fluid discharge pipeline is selected from one of a quick connector, a pagoda connector, and a threaded connector; the quick connector can support automatic liquid shutoff when the connector is plugged in or out.

[0029] Preferably, the number of the first stop valves and the second stop valves is the same as the number of server chassis that the service cabinet can accommodate.

[0030] Furthermore, the heat exchange cavity of the microstructure cold head in each of the server chassis units is connected in series through pipelines to form a complete passage. Along the flow direction of the working fluid, the outlet end of the microstructure cold head is connected to the working fluid inlet pipeline of the box through the second working fluid discharge pipeline and the first working fluid discharge pipeline, and the inlet end of the microstructure cold head is connected to the working fluid outlet pipeline of the box through the second working fluid input pipeline and the first working fluid input pipeline.

[0031] Furthermore, the outlet of the heat exchange cavity in each of the server chassis units is directly connected to the working medium inlet pipeline of the chassis through a pipeline, and the inlet of the heat exchange cavity is directly connected to the working medium outlet pipeline of the chassis through a pipeline.

[0032] It can be understood that the working fluid in the liquid storage tank is pumped into the heat exchange chamber of the microstructure cold head through the action of the driving element. The single-phase working fluid releases latent heat through phase change to take away a large amount of heat from the surface of the heating element, and then enters the condenser through the pipeline. Under the joint action of the condenser and the cooling fan, condensation is achieved and then returns to the liquid storage tank.

[0033] Furthermore, a shut-off valve is provided on the working medium inlet pipeline and the working medium outlet pipeline of the box body to facilitate maintenance and repair of the pipeline.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0035] (1) The utility model realizes two-phase boiling heat exchange of the heating element through a microstructure cold head. Two-phase liquid cooling is an advanced heat dissipation technology that uses the latent heat of the liquid working fluid during phase change to remove a large amount of heat, and has the characteristics of high heat transfer coefficient and low energy consumption.

[0036] (2) The utility model places the heat dissipation unit and the working fluid circulation component in a box body, which is compatible with the server cabinet, easy to install and simple to maintain, thus solving the problem that the general server water cooling system is complicated to maintain and requires additional equipment and space. At the same time, due to the use of this liquid cooling heat dissipation system, while solving the heat dissipation problem of high-energy consumption components in the server, it greatly improves the dust and noise problems of the general air cooling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 It is another schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the high-density server cabinet in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 3 is a front view of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 4 An axonometric view of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 6 A bottom view of a top fan of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a server chassis of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the metal box structure of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0045] Fig. 9 A top view of the metal box structure of a high-density server cabinet in an embodiment;

[0046] The numbers in the figure show:

[0047] 101-server cabinet shell; 102-server cabinet front door; 103-server cabinet rear door; 104-metal shell hollowing; 105-top fan; 106-top fan cover; 107-metal pillar; 108-guide rail; 109-server chassis tray;

[0048] 201-server chassis; 202-server baseboard; 203-heating element;

[0049] 301-box; 302-condenser; 303-cooling fan; 304-microstructure cold head;

[0050] 401-first working fluid input pipeline; 402-first working fluid discharge pipeline; 405-second working fluid input pipeline; 406-second working fluid discharge pipeline; 407-input pipeline plug; 408-discharge pipeline plug; 409-liquid storage tank; 410-liquid storage tank plug; 411-filter; 412-driving element; 413-flow monitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0052] A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling, comprising:

[0053] Server cabinet;

[0054] A plurality of server chassis units are arranged in the server cabinet, wherein a heating element 203 is arranged in the server chassis units;

[0055] The heat dissipation unit includes a microstructure cold head 304 disposed in each server chassis unit, wherein the microstructure cold head 304 is connected to the heating element 203, and the gap between the two constitutes a heat exchange cavity filled with a working medium, wherein the working medium flows in from an inlet disposed at the microstructure cold head 304, and then flows out from an outlet disposed at the microstructure cold head 304;

[0056] The working fluid circulation unit is arranged in the server cabinet, which includes a box body 301; the box body 301 is provided with a liquid storage tank 409 and a driving element 412 which are connected in sequence; the working fluid flowing out of the microstructure cold head 304 is driven by the driving element 412 to flow into the liquid storage tank 409 of the box body 301, and the working fluid flowing out of the liquid storage tank 409 flows out of the box body 301 through the condenser 302 arranged on the inner wall of the box body 301, and then flows into the heat exchange cavity; a cooling fan 303 is installed on one side or both sides of the condenser 302, and the condenser 302 and the cooling fan 303 jointly realize the condensation of the two-phase working fluid.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, a filter 411 is provided between the liquid storage tank 409 and the driving element 412 .

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, a flow monitor 413 is provided on a front end pipeline in the box 301 that is connected to the driving element 412 along the flow direction of the working medium.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the condensers 302 is one or more; when the number of the condensers 302 is multiple, the multiple condensers 302 are connected in series, and a corresponding cooling fan 303 is installed on each independent condenser 302.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the server cabinet includes a shell, and a plurality of server chassis unit accommodating cavities arranged in the shell along the height direction.

[0061] In some embodiments of the utility model, a hollow structure is provided on the shell surface; the hollow rate of the hollow structure is greater than or equal to 10%; a top fan 105 is also provided on the top surface of the shell; the air outlet of the top fan 105 is directed toward the outside of the shell.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the microstructure cold head 304 and the heating element 203 are connected as a whole through a snap connection or a threaded connection; the driving element 412 includes one of a gear pump, a centrifugal pump, a plunger pump or a vane pump.

[0063] In some embodiments of the utility model, the heat exchange chamber in each of the server chassis units is connected in series through pipelines to form a complete passage. Along the flow direction of the working fluid, the outlet end of the passage is connected to the working fluid inlet pipeline of the box body 301, and the inlet end of the passage is connected to the working fluid outlet pipeline of the box body 301.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outlet of the heat exchange cavity in each server chassis unit is directly connected to the working fluid inlet pipeline of the box body 301 through a pipeline, and the inlet of the heat exchange cavity is directly connected to the working fluid outlet pipeline of the box body 301 through a pipeline.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, a shut-off valve is provided on the working medium inlet pipeline and the working medium outlet pipeline of the box body 301 to facilitate maintenance and repair of the pipeline.

[0066] Example

[0067] See also Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, the server cabinet of this embodiment includes: a server cabinet, a server chassis unit, a heat dissipation unit and a working fluid circulation unit; the server cabinet is composed of a metal shell, a metal support 107 and a server chassis tray 109; the heat dissipation unit includes a box 301, a condenser 302, a cooling fan 303 and a microstructure cold head 304; the microstructure cold head 304 is attached to the surface of the heating element 203, and the condenser 302 and the cooling fan 303 jointly realize the condensation of the two-phase working fluid; the working fluid circulation unit is used to drive the working fluid to perform a stable heat dissipation cycle. The working fluid is selected from one of water, electronic fluorinated liquid and nanofluid.

[0068] The metal shell includes a server cabinet body 101, a server cabinet front door 102, a server cabinet rear door 103 and a top fan cover 106; the server cabinet front door 102 and the server cabinet rear door 103 are arranged opposite to each other, and the server cabinet front door 102 and the server cabinet rear door 103 are connected to the server cabinet body 101 through hinges.

[0069] There are metal shell hollows 104 on the surface of the metal shell; the metal shell hollows 104 are distributed in an array on the server cabinet shell 101, the server cabinet front door 102 and the server cabinet rear door 103; optionally, a top fan cover 106 is provided on the top of the server cabinet shell 101, and a top fan 105 is installed in the top fan cover 106; the air outlet of the top fan 105 faces outward. Metal shell hollows 104 are also provided on the top fan cover 106. This embodiment does not limit the shape and distribution density of the metal shell hollows 104. For example, the shape of the metal shell hollows 104 can be a rounded rectangle or a regular hexagon.

[0070] There are multiple metal pillars 107, which are vertically distributed inside the server cabinet shell 101 through threaded connection; a guide rail 108 parallel to the bottom surface of the server cabinet shell 101 is installed on the metal pillar 107; and the server chassis tray 109 is installed parallel to the server cabinet 1 through the guide rail 108.

[0071] The server chassis unit includes a server chassis 201, a server base plate 202 and a heating element 203; the number of the heating element 203 can be one or more. It should be noted that the specific type of the above-mentioned heating element 203 is not limited. Exemplarily, the heating element 203 is a high-power consumption device such as a CPU, a GPU, a chip, etc.

[0072] The area of ​​the server chassis 201 is smaller than the area of ​​the server tray 109; the area of ​​the server baseboard 202 is smaller than the area of ​​the server chassis 201; the server baseboard 202 is connected to the server chassis 201 by threads; the connection method between the heating element 203 and the server baseboard 202 is selected from one of a snap-on connection, an embedded slot, and a threaded connection.

[0073] The box body 301 in the heat dissipation unit is made of metal, and has a hollowing process on the surface; the shape and arrangement of the hollowing process are not limited; the hollowing rate of the hollowing process is greater than or equal to 30%.

[0074] A heat-conducting medium is filled between the fitting surfaces of the microstructure cold head 304 and the heating element 203; the pre-tightening method of the microstructure cold head 304 and the heating element 203 is selected from one or more of a snap connection and a threaded connection; the inlet and outlet of the microstructure cold head 304 are respectively connected to the second working fluid input pipeline 405 and the second working fluid discharge pipeline 406 through a pagoda joint, a threaded joint or a quick joint.

[0075] The heat-conducting medium may be heat-conducting paste, liquid metal, solid thermal interface material or solder; when the heat-conducting medium is solder, the microstructure cold head 304 and the heating element 203 are connected by welding to form an integrated structure.

[0076] When the heat-conducting medium is liquid metal, a sealing device should be provided around the fitting interface between the microstructure cold head 304 and the heating element 203 to prevent leakage of the liquid metal. This embodiment does not limit the sealing device. For example, an O-ring can be used around the fitting interface between the microstructure cold head 304 and the heating element 203 to achieve sealing under the pre-tightening force of a threaded connection or a buckle.

[0077] The cooling fan 303 is connected to the condenser 302 by threads; the cooling fan 303 is installed in parallel to one side or both sides of the condenser 302; when the cooling fan 303 is installed in parallel to both sides of the heat dissipation surface of the condenser 302, the air outlet direction of the cooling fan 303 remains consistent.

[0078] The number of the condensers 302 may be one or more; when the number of the condensers 302 is more than one, the condensers 302 are connected in series, and a corresponding cooling fan 303 is installed on each independent condenser 302 .

[0079] The working fluid circulation unit includes a first working fluid input pipeline 401, a first working fluid discharge pipeline 402, a second working fluid input pipeline 405, a second working fluid discharge pipeline 406, an input pipeline plug 407, an output pipeline plug 408, a liquid storage tank 409, a liquid storage tank plug 410, a filter 411, a driving element 412 and a flow monitor 413; the flow monitor 413 can be a flow meter, and the driving element is selected from one of a gear pump, a centrifugal pump, a plunger pump, and a vane pump.

[0080] The number of the second working medium input pipeline 405 and the second working medium discharge pipeline 406 is the same as the number of server chassis 201 that can be accommodated in the service cabinet.

[0081] When there are multiple microstructure cold heads 304, the second working fluid input pipeline 405 and the second working fluid discharge pipeline 406 are respectively connected to the first working fluid input pipeline 401 and the first working fluid discharge pipeline 402 in series or in parallel; the connection method between the second working fluid input pipeline 405 and the second working fluid discharge pipeline 406 and the first working fluid input pipeline 401 and the first working fluid discharge pipeline 402 is selected from one of a quick connector, a pagoda connector, and a threaded connector; the quick connector can support automatic liquid shut-off when the connector is plugged in or out.

[0082] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the technical solution of the utility model still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling, characterized in that: include: Server cabinet; A plurality of server chassis units arranged in the server cabinet, wherein a heating element (203) is arranged in the server chassis units; A heat dissipation unit, comprising a microstructure cold head (304) arranged in each server chassis unit, the microstructure cold head (304) being in contact with the heating element (203), a heat exchange cavity filled with a working medium being arranged in the microstructure cold head (304), the working medium flowing in from an inlet arranged in the microstructure cold head (304), and then flowing out from an outlet arranged in the microstructure cold head (304); A working fluid circulation unit is arranged in a server cabinet, comprising a box (301); a condenser (302), a liquid storage tank (409), and a driving element (412) are arranged in the box (301) and are connected in sequence; the hot working fluid flowing out of the microstructure cold head (304) is driven by the driving element (412) to flow into the condenser (302); the condensed working fluid flows out of the condenser (302) and enters the liquid storage tank (409) to achieve further gas-liquid separation; the working fluid in the liquid storage tank (409) flows out of the box (301) under the driving force of the driving element (412), and then flows into the heat exchange cavity to form a circulation loop; a cooling fan (303) is installed on one side or both sides of the condenser (302); the condenser (302) and the cooling fan (303) jointly achieve condensation of a two-phase working fluid.

2. A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter (411) is provided between the liquid storage tank (409) and the driving element (412).

3. A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the flow direction of the working medium, a flow monitor (413) is provided on a front end pipeline in the box (301) that is connected to the driving element (412).

4. A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the condensers (302) is one or more; when the number of the condensers (302) is more than one, the multiple condensers (302) are connected in series, and a corresponding cooling fan (303) is installed on each independent condenser (302).

5. The high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The server cabinet comprises a shell and a plurality of server chassis unit accommodating cavities arranged in the shell along a height direction.

6. A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell surface is provided with a hollow structure; the hollow ratio of the hollow structure is greater than or equal to 10%.

7. The high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstructure cold head (304) and the heating element (203) are connected to form a relative whole through a snap connection or a threaded connection; the driving element (412) comprises one of a gear pump, a centrifugal pump, a plunger pump or a vane pump.

8. The high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber in each server chassis unit is connected in series through pipelines to form a complete passage; along the flow direction of the working fluid, the outlet end of the passage is connected to the working fluid inlet pipeline of the box body (301), and the inlet end of the passage is connected to the working fluid outlet pipeline of the box body (301).

9. The high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the heat exchange cavity in each server chassis unit is directly connected to the working medium inlet pipeline of the box body (301) through a pipeline, and the inlet of the heat exchange cavity is directly connected to the working medium outlet pipeline of the box body (301) through a pipeline.

10. A high-density server cabinet based on phase change liquid cooling according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: Stop valves are provided on the working medium inlet pipeline and the working medium outlet pipeline of the box (301) to facilitate maintenance and repair of the pipelines.

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