Supporting structure of weak surrounding rock highway tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to a supporting structure, in particular to a supporting structure of a weak surrounding rock highway tunnel, which comprises two symmetrically arranged first stand columns and second stand columns slidably mounted in the first stand columns, and the two first stand columns are fixedly connected through a ground rod; a first inclined strut is rotationally arranged on the first stand column, a second inclined strut is connected to the first inclined strut in a sliding mode, and the first inclined strut and the second inclined strut form an inclined strut assembly. The first stand column is provided with a swing assembly, and the swing assembly can drive the first inclined strut to rotate so as to increase or decrease the included angle between the first inclined strut and the first stand column. The first stand column is provided with a telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly can drive the second inclined strut to slide on the first inclined strut when the swing assembly acts so that the length of the inclined strut assembly can be increased or decreased. A buffering assembly is arranged on the second stand column and connected with an arc-shaped rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a supporting structure, in particular to a supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Weak surrounding rock refers to rock with low mechanical strength, which is easily softened by water and easily compressively deformed under external loads. According to the characteristics of weak surrounding rock projects and the law of pressure manifestation, in order to make full use of the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, make the underground project evenly stressed and have a small deformation, the support of underground projects with weak surrounding rock that are prone to large deformation should follow the following basic principles. Adopt "give way first, then resist", "be flexible first, then hard", "support as the main, give way as the auxiliary, and combine support and give way", and use a form of support that has sufficient support force and is retractable. Timely support, use supports with large initial support force and fast resistance increase speed to suppress the deformation of the surrounding rock. Common support structures in tunnel projects include U-shaped steel arch support, concrete lining support, shotcrete support, and anchor spraying support.

[0003] Among them, concrete lining support, shotcrete support and anchor spraying support all have high-strength supporting capacity, but are not scalable, so they are not suitable for the construction of soft surrounding rock tunnels.

[0004] In the construction of soft surrounding rock tunnels, retractable U-shaped steel arch supports are often used. The retractability of the U-shaped steel arch support is achieved through structural deformation, and its resistance increase rate is relatively slow. When the stratum structure changes, its stability and support strength cannot be predicted, and its ability to suppress surrounding rock deformation is relatively weak. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A support structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel, comprising two symmetrically arranged first columns and a second column slidably installed inside the first columns, wherein the two first columns are fixedly connected via a ground-attached rod; a first diagonal brace is rotatably arranged on the first column, a second diagonal brace is slidably connected to the first diagonal brace, and the first diagonal brace and the second diagonal brace form a diagonal brace assembly;

[0008] The first column is provided with a swing assembly, and the swing assembly can drive the first diagonal support to rotate so as to increase or decrease the angle between the first diagonal support and the first column;

[0009] The first column is provided with a telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly can drive the second diagonal support to slide on the first diagonal support when the swing assembly moves, so as to extend or shorten the length of the diagonal support assembly;

[0010] A buffer component is arranged on the second column, and the buffer component is connected with an arc rod.

[0011] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: the swing assembly includes a third column fixedly mounted on the first column, and the contact surfaces of the first column and the third column are provided with mutually corresponding through grooves; a first rack plate is fixedly mounted on a surface of the second column close to the third column; a lifting groove is provided on the third column, and a second rack plate is slidably engaged on the lifting groove; a gear meshing with the first rack plate and the second rack plate is rotatably mounted in the third column.

[0012] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: the swing assembly also includes a lifting block fixedly connected to the second rack plate; the first diagonal support is rotatably mounted on the third column; a connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the lifting block, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the first diagonal support.

[0013] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: the telescopic assembly includes a slide groove provided on the ground-contacting rod, and a sliding block hinged to the second diagonal support is slidably engaged in the slide groove.

[0014] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: the buffer assembly includes a telescopic sleeve fixedly mounted on the second column, the telescopic sleeve is slidably engaged with the telescopic column, a spring is fixedly mounted inside the telescopic sleeve, and the telescopic column is connected to the arc rod through a connecting assembly.

[0015] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: the connecting assembly includes a connecting column fixedly mounted on the telescopic column, the connecting column is provided with a wedge-shaped groove; a connecting sleeve slidably connected to the connecting column is fixedly mounted on the arc rod, and a wedge block cooperating with the wedge-shaped groove is fixedly mounted in the connecting sleeve.

[0016] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: a limit block is slidably installed in the slide groove, a bolt is threadedly connected to the limit block, and the bolt passes through the slide groove.

[0017] The supporting structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel as described above: a plurality of groups of limit protrusions are rotatably installed in the ground-contacting rod; the plurality of groups of limit protrusions are symmetrical and equidistantly distributed in pairs

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the arc rod is in direct contact with the top load, and the connection assembly is used to ensure that the load can be stably transmitted downward, and the greater the load, the higher the connection strength of the connection assembly; the load drives the second column to move. To drive the swing assembly and the telescopic assembly to move; through the cooperation between the swing assembly and the telescopic assembly, the angle and length of the diagonal brace assembly are changed, thereby changing the support strength of the support frame; the buffer assembly is used to offset part of the load to realize the support concept of "first give way and then resist", "first soft and then hard", "support as the main, give way as the auxiliary, support and give way combined"; the isomorphic limit block ensures the strength of the support structure stably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of a highway tunnel in soft surrounding rock.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the support structure of a highway tunnel in soft surrounding rock from a cross-sectional perspective.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at B in the figure.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at D in the figure.

[0025] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer component in the support structure of a highway tunnel with soft surrounding rock.

[0026] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the connection components in the support structure of a highway tunnel in soft surrounding rock.

[0027] In the figure: 1. the first column;

[0028] 2. Second column; 201. First rack plate;

[0029] 3. arc rod; 301. connecting sleeve; 302. wedge block;

[0030] 4. Ground-following rod; 401. Slideway;

[0031] 5. The first diagonal brace;

[0032] 6. Second diagonal brace;

[0033] 7. The third column; 701. Lifting slot; 702. Gear;

[0034] 8. lifting block; 801. second rack plate;

[0035] 9. Connecting rod;

[0036] 10. Slider;

[0037] 11. Limit block;

[0038] 12. Spring;

[0039] 13. Telescopic sleeve;

[0040] 14. Connecting column; 1401. Wedge-shaped groove;

[0041] 15. Telescopic column;

[0042] 16. Limiting protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 8 As an embodiment of the utility model, the support structure of the soft surrounding rock highway tunnel includes two symmetrically arranged first columns 1, and a second column 2 slidably installed in the first columns 1, and the two first columns 1 are fixedly connected by a ground-attached rod 4; a first diagonal brace 5 is rotatably arranged on the first column 1, and a second diagonal brace 6 is slidably connected to the first diagonal brace 5, and the first diagonal brace 5 and the second diagonal brace 6 form a diagonal brace assembly;

[0045] The first column 1 is provided with a swing component, and the swing component can drive the first diagonal support 5 to rotate to increase or decrease the angle between the first diagonal support 5 and the first column 1;

[0046] The first column 1 is provided with a telescopic assembly, which can drive the second diagonal brace 6 to slide on the first diagonal brace 5 when the swing assembly moves, so as to extend or shorten the length of the diagonal brace assembly;

[0047] The second column 2 is provided with a buffer assembly, and the buffer assembly is connected with an arc rod 3 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the ground rod 4, the first column 1, the second column 2 and the arc rod 3 form a support frame structure; wherein the arc rod 3 is in direct contact with the top of the tunnel and is used to bear the load on the top of the tunnel. The first diagonal brace 5 and the second diagonal brace 6 form a diagonal brace assembly for supporting the first column 1 and the second column 2 to prevent the first column 1 and the second column 2 from deformation.

[0049] After the support structure is erected, the load on the top of the tunnel will be transferred to the buffer assembly through the arc rod 3, and part of the load will be offset by the buffer assembly; the remaining load will be transferred to the second column 2 and the first column 1 through the buffer assembly, thereby driving the swing assembly to move. The swing assembly is used to increase the angle between the diagonal brace assembly and the first column 1 to increase the support capacity of the diagonal brace assembly for the first column 1 and the second column 2. At the same time, the telescopic assembly will drive the second diagonal brace 6 to slide on the first diagonal brace 5 to extend the length of the diagonal brace assembly, thereby increasing the support capacity of the diagonal brace assembly.

[0050] Weak surrounding rock refers to rock with low mechanical strength, which is easily softened by water and easily compressively deformed under external loads. According to the characteristics of weak surrounding rock projects and the law of pressure manifestation, in order to make full use of the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, make the underground project evenly stressed and have a small deformation, the support of underground projects with weak surrounding rock that are prone to large deformation should follow the following basic principles. Adopt "give way first, then resist", "be flexible first, then hard", "support as the main, give way as the auxiliary, support and give way as the combination", and use a support form that has both sufficient support force and can be retracted. Timely support, use supports with large initial support force and fast resistance increase speed to suppress the deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0051] Therefore, the swing assembly and the telescopic assembly can be used to control the supporting capacity of the diagonal bracing assembly on the first column 1 and the second column 2 to control the supporting strength of the support frame. That is, the supporting strength of the support frame can be controlled by controlling the travel end of the swing assembly and the telescopic assembly.

[0052] As a further solution of the utility model, the swing assembly includes a third column 7 fixedly mounted on the first column 1, and the contact surfaces of the first column 1 and the third column 7 are provided with mutually corresponding through grooves; a first rack plate 201 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second column 2 close to the third column 7; a lifting groove 701 is provided on the third column 7, and a second rack plate 801 is slidably engaged on the lifting groove 701; a gear 702 meshing with both the first rack plate 201 and the second rack plate 801 is rotatably mounted in the third column 7.

[0053] In this embodiment, the tunnel top load is transmitted to the second column 2 through the arc rod 3 and the buffer assembly, and the second column 2 slides downward in the first column 1, thereby driving the first rack plate 201 to slide downward. The first rack plate 201 drives the gear 702 to rotate through meshing, and the rotating gear 702 drives the second rack plate 801 to slide in the lifting groove 701 through meshing. Since the first rack plate 201 and the second rack plate 801 are respectively arranged on both sides of the gear 702, the moving directions of the two are opposite. Therefore, when the load drives the second column 2 to slide downward, the second rack plate 801 will slide upward.

[0054] As a further solution of the utility model, the swing assembly also includes a lifting block 8 fixedly connected to the second rack plate 801; the first diagonal support 5 is rotatably mounted on the third column 7; a connecting rod 9 is rotatably mounted on the lifting block 8, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably mounted on the first diagonal support 5.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the second rack plate 801 slides upward in the lifting slot 701, it drives the lifting block 8 to slide upward, thereby increasing the angle between the connecting rod 9 and the lifting block 8, and increasing the angle between the first diagonal brace 5 and the first column 1 through the connecting rod 9. The load drives the second column 2 to slide, thereby driving the swing assembly to increase the angle between the diagonal brace assembly and the first column 1, thereby increasing the supporting capacity of the diagonal brace assembly.

[0056] As a further solution of the present invention, the telescopic assembly includes a slide groove 401 provided on the ground-contacting rod 4 , and a slider 10 hinged to the second diagonal support 6 is slidably engaged in the slide groove 401 .

[0057] In this embodiment, when the first diagonal brace 5 swings, it will drive the second diagonal brace 6 to swing synchronously, thereby driving the slider 10 to slide in the slide groove 401. At this time, the angle between the second diagonal brace 6 and the slider 10 will decrease, and thereby drive the second diagonal brace 6 to slide outward in the first diagonal brace 5, thereby increasing the length of the diagonal brace assembly to improve the supporting strength of the diagonal brace assembly.

[0058] As a further solution of the utility model, the buffer assembly includes a telescopic sleeve 13 fixedly mounted on the second column 2, the telescopic sleeve 13 is slidably engaged with a telescopic column 15, a spring 12 is fixedly mounted inside the telescopic sleeve 13, and the telescopic column 15 is connected to the arc rod 3 through a connecting assembly.

[0059] In this embodiment, the load on the top of the tunnel is transmitted to the telescopic column 15 through the arc rod 3 and the connecting assembly, and the telescopic column 15 slides inward in the telescopic sleeve 13 and compresses the spring 12. The elastic force of the spring 12 can offset part of the load, and the remaining load is transmitted to the second column 2 through the telescopic sleeve 13.

[0060] As a further solution of the utility model, the connecting assembly includes a connecting column 14 fixedly mounted on the telescopic column 15, and a wedge-shaped groove 1401 is formed on the connecting column 14; a connecting sleeve 301 slidingly connected to the connecting column 14 is fixedly mounted on the arc rod 3, and a wedge block 302 cooperating with the wedge-shaped groove 1401 is fixedly mounted in the connecting sleeve 301.

[0061] In this embodiment, the tunnel top load is transmitted to the connecting sleeve 301 through the arc rod 3, so that the connecting column 14 slides inward in the connecting sleeve 301, and the wedge block 302 slides in the wedge groove 1401 toward the connecting column 14. Since the narrowest part of the wedge block 302 is slightly larger than the narrowest part of the wedge groove 1401, the wedge block 302 will squeeze the inner wall of the wedge groove 1401 when sliding in the wedge groove 1401, so that the diameter of the connecting column 14 tends to increase, and the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 301 will limit the deformation of the connecting column 14, so the connecting column 14 and the connecting sleeve 301 will fit tightly together to form a stable connection. When the tunnel top load is greater, the connection strength of the connection assembly will also be higher and higher.

[0062] As a further solution of the utility model, a limit block 11 is slidably installed in the slide groove 401 , a bolt is threadedly connected to the limit block 11 , and the bolt passes through the slide groove 401 .

[0063] In this embodiment, loosening the bolts allows the limit block 11 to slide freely in the slide groove 401. When the limit block 11 is in a suitable position, the friction between the limit block 11 and the ground rod 4 is increased by tightening the bolts, so that the limit block 11 will not be easily displaced. The position of the limit block 11 will determine the maximum displacement of the slider 10 sliding on the slide groove 401, thereby controlling the maximum stroke of the telescopic assembly and the swing assembly, so that the support structure can stably support the tunnel.

[0064] As a further solution of the utility model, a plurality of groups of limiting protrusions 16 are rotatably installed in the ground-contacting rod 4; the plurality of groups of limiting protrusions 16 are symmetrical in pairs and are equidistantly distributed.

[0065] In this embodiment, one side of the limiting protrusion 16 is an arc surface, and the other side thereof is a plane surface. When the slider 10 slides toward the limiting block 11, the sliding column fixed on the slider 10 will contact the arc surface of the limiting protrusion 16, and the limiting protrusion 16 will rotate in the moving direction of the slider 10 to make enough space for the displacement of the slider 10; when the slider 10 passes over the limiting protrusion 16, the limiting protrusion 16 will reset under the action of the tension spring; when the slider 10 has a tendency to slide away from the limiting block 11, it will contact the plane of the limiting protrusion 16, and the limiting protrusion 16 has a tendency to rotate in the moving direction of the slider 10. Since the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower limiting protrusions 16 will conflict with each other, the sliding tendency of the slider 10 is offset. In this way, the support strength of the diagonal brace assembly is improved to reduce the probability of deformation of the support structure.

[0066] The above embodiments are exemplary rather than restrictive, so without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention that can be implemented in other specific forms are all included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A support structure for a soft rock highway tunnel, comprising two symmetrically arranged first columns (1), and a second column (2) slidably mounted inside the first columns (1), wherein the two first columns (1) are fixedly connected via a ground-attaching rod (4); a first diagonal brace (5) is rotatably arranged on the first column (1), a second diagonal brace (6) is slidably connected to the first diagonal brace (5), and the first diagonal brace (5) and the second diagonal brace (6) form a diagonal brace assembly; It is characterized in that The first column (1) is provided with a swing component, and the swing component can drive the first diagonal support (5) to rotate so as to increase or decrease the angle between the first diagonal support (5) and the first column (1); The first column (1) is provided with a telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly can drive the second diagonal brace (6) to slide on the first diagonal brace (5) when the swing assembly moves, so as to extend or shorten the length of the diagonal brace assembly; The second column (2) is provided with a buffer assembly, and the buffer assembly is connected to an arc-shaped rod (3).

2. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing assembly comprises a third column (7) fixedly mounted on the first column (1), and mutually corresponding through grooves are provided on the contacting surfaces of the first column (1) and the third column (7); a first rack plate (201) is fixedly mounted on a surface of the second column (2) close to the third column (7); a lifting groove (701) is provided on the third column (7), and a second rack plate (801) is slidably engaged on the lifting groove (701); a gear (702) meshing with both the first rack plate (201) and the second rack plate (801) is rotatably mounted in the third column (7).

3. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The swing assembly also includes a lifting block (8) fixedly connected to the second rack plate (801); the first diagonal support (5) is rotatably mounted on the third column (7); a connecting rod (9) is rotatably mounted on the lifting block (8), and the other end of the connecting rod (9) is rotatably mounted on the first diagonal support (5).

4. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The telescopic assembly comprises a slide groove (401) provided on the ground-contacting rod (4), and a sliding block (10) hingedly connected to the second diagonal support (6) is slidably engaged in the slide groove (401).

5. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer assembly comprises a telescopic sleeve (13) fixedly mounted on the second column (2), a telescopic column (15) slidably engaged with the telescopic sleeve (13), a spring (12) fixedly mounted inside the telescopic sleeve (13), and the telescopic column (15) connected to the arc rod (3) via a connecting assembly.

6. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connection assembly comprises a connection column (14) fixedly mounted on the telescopic column (15), wherein the connection column (14) is provided with a wedge-shaped groove (1401); a connection sleeve (301) slidably connected to the connection column (14) is fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped rod (3), and a wedge block (302) matching the wedge-shaped groove (1401) is fixedly mounted inside the connection sleeve (301).

7. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limit block (11) is slidably installed in the slide groove (401), a bolt is threadedly connected to the limit block (11), and the bolt passes through the slide groove (401).

8. The supporting structure for a soft surrounding rock highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of limiting protrusions (16) are rotatably mounted inside the ground-contacting rod (4); the plurality of groups of limiting protrusions (16) are symmetrical in pairs and are equidistantly distributed.

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