Anti-blocking reverse combustion device of heat accumulating type incinerator

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-blocking reverse combustion device of a heat accumulating type incinerator. The anti-blocking reverse combustion device comprises a circulating fan, a reverse combustion tail gas treatment device, a matched valve group, a differential pressure gauge and a temperature sensor, the matched valve group comprises a connecting pipeline and a gas outlet valve, one end of the connecting pipeline is connected with a gas collecting chamber of the heat accumulating type incinerator, the other end of the connecting pipeline is connected with the circulating fan, and the gas outlet valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline; the gas outlet end of the circulating fan is connected with the reverse combustion tail gas treatment device, and the reverse combustion tail gas treatment device is connected with a combustion chamber of the heat storage type incinerator. The reverse combustion temperature can be controlled in a constant temperature mode, the device is suitable for different types of blockages, energy is saved, and potential safety hazards are avoided; by providing the reverse combustion tail gas treatment device, hydrogen chloride and ammonia can be removed at the same time, corrosion caused by the fact that hydrogen chloride and ammonia enter the device is avoided, and the RTO use risk is reduced. The device is reasonable in design, simple in principle, easy to operate, low in cost and high in practicability.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model supports belong to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and in particular relates to a device for preventing blocking and back-burning of a heat storage incinerator. Background technology:

[0002] Among the current VOCs waste gas treatment processes at home and abroad, regenerative thermal incinerators (RTO) are widely used in different industrial fields due to their high removal rate and thermal efficiency. Generally speaking, the organic waste gas in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry has complex components, high concentrations and large fluctuations. Conventional hydrocarbon organic waste gas is mixed with inorganic and organic pollutants containing heteroatoms such as O, S, N, and Cl, such as alcohols, ketones, esters, hydrogen chloride, dichloromethane, amines, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc., accompanied by a strong odor. It is necessary to adopt a high-efficiency RTO process to ensure that the emission indicators meet the relevant standard requirements. However, due to the complexity of its waste gas components, RTO equipment used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry is often accompanied by various problems such as severe corrosion, blockage of the heat storage body, and smoldering of the low-ignition-point material in the heat storage chamber, resulting in exhaust overheating.

[0003] When there is a high concentration of chlorine-containing organic matter in the exhaust gas, a large amount of acidic tail gas such as hydrogen chloride is generated after combustion, which remains in the heat storage chamber as a heat release chamber. Hydrogen chloride and ammonia or amine-containing organic matter contained in the intake air are very likely to react chemically to form ammonium salt crystals. Since ammonium salts are easy to sublimate at high temperatures, a large amount of powdered salt crystals are concentrated in the lower part of the heat storage body, the heat storage support grid, the switching valve and other low-temperature areas. That is, when the exhaust gas components contain ammonium substances and acidic gases, ammonium salts will be produced, causing the heat storage body to be blocked. Common methods for ammonium salt blockage include replacing the heat storage body, shutting down for flushing, and back-burning. Replacing the heat storage body is costly and complicated to operate; shutting down for flushing requires a lot of time and leads to production suspension, and frequent flushing of the heat storage ceramic with water will also reduce the service life; back-burning is to increase the temperature of the gas bin to sublimate the ammonium salt at high temperature.

[0004] There are usually two ways to implement the backburning process currently used: one is to switch the RTO operation state to offline, manually control a single heat storage chamber to maintain the gas outlet state, and continuously transfer heat to the heat storage body through high-temperature flue gas. After a period of time, the temperature of the lower layer of the heat storage body rises to sublimate the blockage. However, this method is difficult to control the temperature of the lower part of the heat storage body due to the continuous gas outlet. Ammonium salts are usually pyrolyzed at 150°C, and the actual temperature often reaches 200-300°C. At this stage, the temperature of the lower layer of the heat storage body will continue to rise. Excessive temperature will affect the rigidity of the lower grid, causing safety hazards. In addition, the blockage after pyrolysis is discharged together with the flue gas in the gas outlet stage, causing the outlet VOCs to exceed the standard. The second backburning is to add an additional heat storage chamber, cut it out of the RTO system when a heat storage body is blocked, and replace it with an additional heat storage chamber. The cut heat storage body maintains the gas outlet state for backburning. Although this backburning method does not affect the normal operation of the RTO, the investment is too large, and it is also difficult to control the backburning temperature and is accompanied by secondary pollution problems. The third type of back-burning is to add an additional back-burning fan, close the RTO inlet and outlet valves, and use the back-burning fan to draw high-temperature flue gas from the thermal bypass or combustion chamber, so that the high-temperature flue gas circulates inside the RTO to heat the lower thermal storage body. However, due to the small air volume of the back-burning fan, it takes a long time to heat the thermal storage body, and it is difficult to reach the expected temperature, so the back-burning effect is not good. In addition, the chlorine-containing exhaust gas after back-burning is blown back into the combustion chamber, and the hydrogen chloride produced after combustion is easy to cause equipment corrosion.

[0005] Based on the above, it is very necessary to design a low-cost, low-corrosive, equipment-free and easy-to-operate anti-blocking device. Therefore, the utility model provides a regenerative incinerator anti-blocking and back-burning device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention:

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a device for preventing blocking and back-burning of a heat storage incinerator in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model provides a device for preventing backfire in a regenerative incinerator, comprising a circulating fan, a backfire tail gas treatment device and a matching valve group; the matching valve group comprises a connecting pipeline and an air outlet valve, one end of the connecting pipeline is connected to a gas collecting chamber of the regenerative incinerator, the other end of the connecting pipeline is connected to an input end of the circulating fan, the output end of the circulating fan is connected to an air inlet end of the backfire tail gas treatment device, and the air outlet end of the backfire tail gas treatment device is connected to a combustion chamber of the regenerative incinerator; the air outlet valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the regenerative heat incinerator is a three-chamber regenerative heat incinerator; three groups of connecting pipelines are arranged, which are respectively connected to three groups of gas collecting chambers; three groups of gas outlet valves are arranged, which are respectively arranged on three groups of connecting pipelines.

[0010] Furthermore, the device is also provided with a differential pressure gauge, which is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the heat storage chamber to monitor the upper and lower air pressure difference of the heat storage chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the device is also provided with a temperature sensor, which is arranged in the heat storage chamber to monitor the temperature in the heat storage chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the back-burning tail gas treatment device comprises a shell; a spray system is arranged inside the shell to absorb hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the back-burning tail gas.

[0013] Furthermore, the spray system includes a first spray device and a second spray device, and the first spray device is arranged above the second spray device; the first spray device and the second spray device have the same structure, and both include a spray head, a water pipe and a water tank; the spray head is fixedly arranged inside the shell, one end of the water pipe is connected to the spray head, and the other end passes through a through hole arranged on the side wall of the shell and is connected to the water tank arranged outside the shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the water tank of the second spray device is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the shell, and the lower end surface of the water tank of the second spray device is flush with the lower end surface of the shell; the shell and the water tank of the second spray device are connected to each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the water tank of the first spray device is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the shell; a baffle is fixedly arranged inside the shell, and the baffle is distributed between the first spray device and the second spray device; the baffle is a conical structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and a vent for gas to pass through is arranged on the top of the baffle; the lower end surface of the water tank of the first spray device is flush with the lower end surface of the baffle, and the shell and the water tank of the first spray device are connected to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the shell; the air inlet is distributed at the bottom of the shell, and the air outlet is distributed at the top of the shell.

[0017] Furthermore, a demisting layer is provided at the air outlet of the shell.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0019] (1) The utility model of the anti-blocking back-burning device of the heat storage incinerator can control the back-burning temperature at a constant temperature, and is suitable for different types of blockages, which not only saves energy but also avoids safety hazards;

[0020] (2) The utility model can make the sublimated waste gas pyrolyze in the combustion chamber through the internal circulation of the small air volume of the back-burning fan, thus solving the problem of excessive exhaust gas;

[0021] (3) The utility model can remove hydrogen chloride and ammonia at the same time by providing a back-burning tail gas treatment device, thereby preventing hydrogen chloride and ammonia from entering the device and causing corrosion, and reducing the risk of using RTO. For the treatment of small-scale back-burning tail gas, this method can avoid the need to set up a multi-stage tower and reduce investment costs;

[0022] (4) The anti-blocking and anti-reverse burning device of the heat storage incinerator provided by the utility model is easy to operate, and the blockage degree of the heat storage body can be monitored by a differential pressure gauge, which is convenient for timely treatment;

[0023] (5) The utility model has a reasonable design, a simple principle, is easy to operate, and has a low cost. Compared with replacing the heat storage body or adding a heat storage chamber, the processing cost is greatly saved. Description of the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is the principle diagram of the anti-blocking and back-burning device of the heat storage incinerator of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back-burning tail gas treatment device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a side view of the baffle of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the baffle of the utility model;

[0028] The symbols in the accompanying drawings are:

[0029] 1. Circulating fan; 2. Back-burning tail gas treatment device; 2-1. Shell; 3. Demisting layer; 4. Exhaust valve; 5. Gas collecting chamber; 6. Combustion chamber; 7. Heat storage chamber; 8. Sprinkler head; 9. Water pipe; 10. Water tank; 11. Baffle; 12. Vent; 13. Air inlet; 14. Air outlet. Specific implementation method:

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] See also Figure 1The embodiment of the utility model provides a device for preventing backfire in a regenerative incinerator, comprising a circulating fan 1, a backfire tail gas treatment device 2 and a matching valve group. The matching valve group comprises a connecting pipeline and an air outlet valve 4, one end of the connecting pipeline is connected to the gas collecting chamber 5 of the regenerative incinerator, the other end of the connecting pipeline is connected to the input end of the circulating fan 1, the output end of the circulating fan 1 is connected to the air inlet end of the backfire tail gas treatment device 2, and the air outlet end of the backfire tail gas treatment device 2 is connected to the combustion chamber 6 of the regenerative incinerator; the air outlet valve 4 is arranged on the connecting pipeline.

[0033] In this embodiment, the regenerative incinerator is a three-chamber regenerative incinerator; three groups of connecting pipelines are provided, which are respectively connected to three groups of gas collecting chambers; three groups of outlet valves 4 are provided, which are respectively provided on three groups of connecting pipelines.

[0034] When the heat storage body of a heat storage chamber is blocked, this application is divided into two stages for back-burning:

[0035] The first is the rapid heating stage. The high-temperature flue gas in the exhaust stage is used through the RTO's built-in switching valve group to heat the heat storage body. When the temperature of the heat storage body is about to reach the sublimation / decomposition temperature of the obstruction, the lower inlet and outlet valves of the RTO can be closed. Since the temperature is not high enough to sublimate / decompose the obstruction, the exhaust will not exceed the standard at this time.

[0036] The second stage is to close the lower inlet and outlet valves of the RTO, start the circulating fan 1 to provide power for gas circulation, and open the outlet valve 4 at the corresponding position, so that the high-temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber 6 heats the lower heat storage body from top to bottom, and the lower part of the heat storage body is heated to a temperature at which the blockage can sublimate / decompose through this small amount of high-temperature flue gas. At the same time, under the action of this airflow, the blockage continues to sublimate / decompose and flows counterclockwise with the airflow, enters the connecting pipeline through the outlet valve 4, and then enters the reverse burning tail gas treatment device 2 after passing through the circulating fan 1, removes hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the tail gas that are not suitable for entering the RTO, and the treated gas returns to the combustion chamber 6 for high-temperature pyrolysis.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: this embodiment is also provided with a differential pressure gauge and a temperature sensor.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pressure difference gauge is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the heat storage chamber 7 to monitor the pressure difference between the upper and lower ends of the heat storage chamber 7. The pressure difference between the upper and lower ends of the heat storage chamber 7 can reflect the degree of blockage, and the blockage can be cleared in time. Once the pressure difference of the heat storage body increases to a certain extent, it means that the heat storage body is blocked, and the anti-burning program is started at this time. When the pressure difference decreases to the initial state, it means that the blockage has been cleared.

[0040] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is arranged in the heat storage chamber 7 to monitor the temperature in the heat storage chamber 7. When the temperature in the heat storage chamber 7 is too low, the circulating fan 1 is controlled to increase the circulating air volume to increase the temperature in the heat storage chamber 7; when the temperature in the heat storage chamber 7 is too high, the circulating fan 1 is controlled to reduce the circulating air volume to reduce the temperature in the heat storage chamber 7. This device can accurately control the backfire temperature, so that the temperature in the heat storage chamber 7 is maintained within an appropriate range, which can avoid the blockage being unable to decompose / sublime due to too low temperature, and also avoid damage to the equipment due to too high temperature and safety hazards caused by high temperature.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, except that: this embodiment limits the structure of the back-burning tail gas treatment device 2.

[0043] Specifically, the exhaust gas treatment device 2 includes a shell 2-1; a spray system is provided inside the shell 2-1 to absorb hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the exhaust gas. An air inlet 13 and an air outlet 14 are provided on the shell 2-1; the air inlet 13 is distributed at the bottom of the shell 2-1, and the air outlet 14 is distributed at the top of the shell 2-1. A demisting layer 3 is provided at the air outlet 14 of the shell 2-1.

[0044] In this embodiment, the spray system includes a first spray device and a second spray device, the first spray device is used to spray water to absorb ammonia in the back-burning tail gas, and the second spray device is used to spray alkali solution to absorb hydrogen chloride in the back-burning tail gas. The first spray device is arranged above the second spray device, and the first spray device and the second spray device have the same structure, both including a spray head 8, a water pipe 9 and a water tank 10. The spray head 8 is fixedly arranged inside the shell 2-1, one end of the water pipe 9 is connected to the spray head 8, and the other end passes through the through hole arranged on the side wall of the shell 2-1 and is connected to the water tank 10 arranged outside the shell 2-1.

[0045] The water tank 10 (containing alkaline solution) of the second spraying device is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the shell 2-1, and the lower end surface of the water tank 10 of the second spraying device is flush with the lower end surface of the shell 2-1. The shell 2-1 and the water tank 10 of the second spraying device are connected to each other. After spraying, the alkaline solution flows into the bottom of the shell 2-1 and enters the water tank 10 of the second spraying device, and can participate in spraying again.

[0046] The water tank 10 (filled with water) of the first spray device is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell 2-1, and a baffle 11 is fixedly arranged inside the shell 2-1, and the baffle 11 is distributed between the first spray device and the second spray device. The baffle 11 is a cone structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and a vent 12 for gas to pass through is arranged on the top of the baffle 11. The lower end surface of the water tank 10 of the first spray device is flush with the lower end surface of the baffle 11, and the shell 2-1 is connected to the water tank 10 of the first spray device. When the airflow passes through the cone structure of the baffle 11, the air velocity increases, and the airflow can be blocked from the top layer of the spray liquid flowing to the lower layer in an air-tight manner, and flows into the water tank 10 from the baffle 11 around.

[0047] When used, the back-burning tail gas enters from the air inlet 13 at the bottom of the shell 2-1, and contacts with the alkali solution and water in countercurrent, which can effectively remove the hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the back-burning tail gas, and then removes the water mist through the demisting layer 3 to prevent the water mist from entering the RTO combustion chamber to reduce fuel consumption. The treated back-burning tail gas finally flows out through the air outlet 14 at the top of the shell 2-1 and enters the RTO combustion chamber.

[0048] Taking styrene blockage as an example, the back-burning circulation fan and supporting valve group can be designed at the beginning of the design of the new RTO. The normal pressure difference of the heat storage body is about 2000Pa. When the pressure difference is detected to reach 2500Pa, the back-burning program starts. Maintain the current gas outlet state. When the temperature of the lower part of the heat storage body reaches 290℃, switch to other heat storage chambers for gas outlet, and heat the lower part of the heat storage body to 290℃ in turn. After completing the heating stage, close the inlet and outlet valves, start the back-burning circulation fan, open the back-burning valve group, and draw high-temperature flue gas from the combustion chamber for internal circulation to continue heating the heat storage body until 300℃. Wait until the pressure difference returns to 2000Pa and the back-burning ends.

[0049] The above are only preferred implementations of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present utility model belong to the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present utility model should be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preventing blocking and back-burning of a regenerative incinerator, characterized in that: It comprises a circulating fan (1), a back-burning tail gas treatment device (2) and a matching valve group; The matching valve group comprises a connecting pipeline and an air outlet valve (4); one end of the connecting pipeline is connected to the gas collecting chamber (5) of the regenerative incinerator, the other end of the connecting pipeline is connected to the input end of the circulating fan (1), the output end of the circulating fan (1) is connected to the air inlet end of the back-burning tail gas treatment device (2), and the air outlet end of the back-burning tail gas treatment device (2) is connected to the combustion chamber (6) of the regenerative incinerator; the air outlet valve (4) is arranged on the connecting pipeline.

2. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The regenerative incinerator is a three-chamber regenerative incinerator; The connecting pipelines are arranged in three groups, respectively connected to the three groups of gas collecting chambers; the gas outlet valves (4) are arranged in three groups, respectively arranged on the three groups of connecting pipelines.

3. The anti-blocking and back-burning device of the regenerative incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A differential pressure gauge is also provided, which is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the heat storage chamber (7) to monitor the upper and lower air pressure difference of the heat storage chamber (7).

4. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A temperature sensor is also provided, which is arranged in the heat storage chamber (7) to monitor the temperature in the heat storage chamber (7).

5. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The back-burning tail gas treatment device (2) comprises a shell (2-1); A spray system is arranged inside the shell (2-1) to absorb hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the backfired tail gas.

6. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The spray system comprises a first spray device and a second spray device, wherein the first spray device is arranged above the second spray device; The first spray device and the second spray device have the same structure, and both comprise a spray head (8), a water pipe (9) and a water tank (10); the spray head (8) is fixedly arranged inside the shell (2-1), one end of the water pipe (9) is connected to the spray head (8), and the other end passes through a through hole arranged on the side wall of the shell (2-1) and is connected to the water tank (10) arranged outside the shell (2-1).

7. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The water tank (10) of the second spray device is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the shell (2-1), and the lower end surface of the water tank (10) of the second spray device is flush with the lower end surface of the shell (2-1); the shell (2-1) and the water tank (10) of the second spray device are in communication with each other.

8. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The water tank (10) of the first spraying device is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the housing (2-1); A baffle (11) is fixedly arranged in the shell (2-1), and the baffle (11) is distributed between the first spray device and the second spray device; the baffle (11) is a cone structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and a vent hole (12) for gas to pass through is arranged at the top of the baffle (11); The lower end surface of the water tank (10) of the first spray device is flush with the lower end surface of the baffle (11), and the shell (2-1) and the water tank (10) of the first spray device are in communication with each other.

9. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing (2-1) is provided with an air inlet (13) and an air outlet (14); The air inlet (13) is distributed at the bottom of the shell (2-1), and the air outlet (14) is distributed at the top of the shell (2-1).

10. The anti-blocking and back-burning device for a regenerative incinerator according to claim 9, characterized in that: A demisting layer (3) is provided at the air outlet (14) of the housing (2-1).

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