Three-point bending test device for building material small component Hopkinson pressure bar system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a building material small component Hopkinson pressure bar system three-point bending test device, which ingeniously supports a sample through a three-point bending chuck, utilizes a pair of pressure heads of the chuck to be contacted and matched with the sample, and applies an acting force through an incident bar of a Hopkinson pressure bar system, so that the sample is not prone to deformation when the sample is tested. The device is restrained between an incident bar of the Hopkinson pressure bar system and a three-point bending chuck connected with a transmission bar, and according to the scheme, the pair of pressure heads are ingeniously arranged to be of a detachable interval adjusting structural form, so that the device can adjust the time loading interval by adjusting the interval between the pair of pressure heads; the device is simple in structure, reliable in implementation and flexible in application, and can be applied to dynamic load tests of small components of building materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of building material component detection devices, in particular to a three-point bending test device of a Hopkinson pressure bar system of a small building material component. Background Art

[0002] In various projects today, there are a lot of processes that involve the destruction of rocks, soil and other materials. The stress waves generated by impact drilling, blasting, piling and other means will cause the surrounding fractured rock mass to be easily unstable and damaged. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the fracture of these materials. Therefore, some researchers now conduct three-point bending experiments to explore the fracture toughness of materials.

[0003] At present, some researchers have also conducted some experimental studies and proposed some devices for auxiliary experiments in order to study the convenience and accuracy of the three-point bending test: for example, as follows:

[0004] (1) The inventors of Chinese patent application CN201910264386.X, Ren Li, Zhang Ru, Gao Mingzhong, et al., designed a rock three-point bending fixture for size effect testing. The fixture can adapt to three-point bending tests of rocks of various sizes by replacing the pressure roller and the support roller, which meets the requirements of conducting three-point bending tests of various groups of test pieces with large size changes on one fixture; the fixture includes a pressure head part and a support part arranged below the pressure head part, the pressure head part includes a pressure head body and a pressure roller, and the pressure roller is arranged at the bottom of the pressure head body; the support part includes a support roller, a movable support, a base and a guide rail platform, and one movable support is arranged at each end of the guide rail platform, and the movable support is connected to the guide rail platform through the base, and a support roller is also arranged on the movable support, and the movable support is symmetrically arranged on the guide platform with the pressure head body as the center.

[0005] (2) The inventors of Chinese patent application CN202320496157.2, Huan Weiwei, Liu Jianglu, Chen Lang and others, designed an adjustable three-point bending measuring fixture base fulcrum, which includes: a base as a connection base, a through slot is opened in the central position of the base, and slide slots are symmetrically opened on the left and right sides of the through slot; a limited step is integrally formed and connected to the central position of the top of the base; an adjustment component is provided, and the two groups of adjustment components are symmetrically connected to the base, including a movable support slidably connected to the base, a slide seat that is integrally connected to the bottom of the movable support and slidably cooperates with the slide slot, a positioning seat is connected to the front end of the movable support, and a limiting slot that cooperates with the limiting step is opened at the bottom of the positioning seat; the adjustment component also includes fixed side plates symmetrically connected to the front and rear ends of the base, a differential head is connected to the fixed side plates, and the differential head top rod extends to the inner side of the fixed side plates and drives the movable support to translate from the top of the base.

[0006] (3) The inventors of Chinese patent application CN202010990976.3, Shen Wenhao, Wang Chenlong, and Jiao Zhiming, designed a device that can adjust the temperature and pressure of the liquid or gas environment in which the sample is located to simulate the real environment in which the material is located. This enables the semi-disc three-point bending device to measure the fracture toughness of materials under temperature and pressure environments. The entire device disclosed is an upper and lower structure, in which the pressure head is on the top and the support is on the bottom. The pressure head and the support are both semi-cylinders with parallel axes. A movable bottom plate is placed in a directional manner in the pressure autoclave, and the support and sample clamping device for three-point bending are fixed on the bottom plate, and the sample can be replaced through the movable bottom plate.

[0007] (4) The inventors of Chinese patent application CN202210902717.X, Hu Lingbao, Cao Xin, Wang Fuzeng, etc., designed an automatic centering three-point bending test fixture. The fixture is used to squeeze the sample placed on the first roller by setting an extrusion part in the middle of the pressure head; at the same time, the operating part can drive the sliding support to move under the operation of the user, and keep the extrusion part at the center of the sample. This improves the problem that the existing three-point bending fixture does not have the automatic centering function and the position of the pressure head needs to be manually adjusted during the test.

[0008] (5) Gong Shaobing, the inventor of Chinese patent application CN202122930192.4, designed a new three-point bending fixture. Its advantages are: the accuracy of fixed extrusion test on the test product is higher, it is more convenient to replace the fixture according to the demand, and it is easy to detect the test product. The fixture disclosed therein includes two symmetrically arranged fixtures and extrusion blocks, and also includes symmetrically arranged support columns, the upper ends of the two support columns are connected with a top plate, the lower ends of the two support columns are connected with support feet, the inner sides of the two support columns are connected with a detachable placement table, the upper side wall of the placement table is connected with a slide groove 1 connected to the two sides of the placement table, the two ends of the two slide grooves are rotatably provided with screws, the slide groove is connected with a rotating seat that is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the screw, and the placement table is provided with a driving mechanism for the rotation of the screw, and the lower ends of the two fixtures are connected with a slider 1, the two sliders are sleeved on the two ends of the screw through a thread, and the slider 1 is against the inner wall of the slide groove 1.

[0009] (6) Gong Shaobing, the inventor of Chinese patent application CN202121311030.6, designed a new self-balancing three-point bending test device, which can accurately and automatically level when performing a three-point bending test to obtain more accurate experimental data. The device includes a base, two supports are slidably mounted on the top of the base, roller mounting seats are clamped and mounted on the two supports, and a lower roller is mounted on the top of the roller mounting seat, a pressure head is arranged above the base, and an upper roller is threadedly mounted on the pressure head, and the upper roller is located between the two lower rollers.

[0010] In summary, most of the existing test devices have the following limitations:

[0011] Disadvantages of existing technology:

[0012] ① Most of the current three-point bending devices are used in static load tests, and those that can be used in dynamic load tests are relatively rare;

[0013] ② At present, in most experimental devices, it is difficult to align the test piece with the instrument during the test, and it is easy to slide downward and cause eccentric compression;

[0014] ③ Currently, most experimental devices cannot be directly installed on the Hopkinson bar in dynamic load experiments. Summary of the invention

[0015] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a three-point bending test device of a Hopkinson pressure bar system of small components of building materials, which has a simple structure, reliable implementation and flexible application.

[0016] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0017] A three-point bending test device of a Hopkinson bar system for small components of building materials, comprising a three-point bending chuck, wherein the three-point bending chuck is connected to a transmission bar of the Hopkinson bar system and cooperates with an incident bar of the Hopkinson bar system to apply a force to a sample, wherein the three-point bending chuck comprises:

[0018] A connecting block, one end surface of which is connected to the transmission rod of the Hopkinson pressure rod system;

[0019] A pair of pressure heads are arranged opposite to each other on the other end surface of the connecting block;

[0020] The brackets are a pair, and the pair of brackets are arranged oppositely on the other end surface of the connecting block and are used to support the sample to be tested.

[0021] As a possible implementation manner, further, one end surface of the connecting block described in this solution is provided with a first installation groove adapted to the end structure of the transmission rod.

[0022] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the outer peripheral side of the connecting block described in this solution is provided with a first clamping bolt which is threaded into the first mounting groove and is used to fix and constrain the end of the transmission rod in the first mounting groove.

[0023] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the other end face of the connecting block in this solution is provided with a mounting block, and a pair of brackets are connected to the mounting block.

[0024] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the bracket described in this solution is a rod-shaped structure, one end of a pair of the brackets is relatively rotatably connected to the mounting block, and the pair of brackets are respectively used to support the lower part of the sample.

[0025] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, a transition block is provided in the middle of the other end face of the connecting block described in this solution, and a pair of pressure heads are relatively arranged on the end face of the transition block away from the connecting block.

[0026] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the transition block in this scheme is provided with a U-shaped positioning groove on the end face away from the connecting block, and a positioning block is detachably provided on the U-shaped positioning groove; a plurality of mutually spaced positioning holes are symmetrically provided at both ends of the positioning block, and a pair of the pressure heads are relatively detachably connected to the positioning holes of the positioning block.

[0027] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the positioning hole in this scheme is a rectangular hole, the pressure head is in a mountain shape, the middle part of which is inserted into the positioning hole, and the two sides of the pressure head are respectively affixed to the upper and lower end surfaces of the positioning block to limit the pressure head from detaching from the positioning block.

[0028] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the side of the pressure head in this solution away from the connecting block is an arc-shaped structure.

[0029] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the transition block in this solution is connected to the connecting block by bolts, and the positioning block is connected to the transition block by bolts.

[0030] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the scheme cleverly supports the sample by a three-point bending chuck, and utilizes a pair of pressure heads of the chuck to contact and cooperate with the sample, and then applies a force through the incident rod of the Hopkinson pressure bar system, so that during the test, the sample is constrained between the incident rod of the Hopkinson pressure bar system and the three-point bending chuck connected to the transmission rod. The scheme also cleverly arranges a pair of the pressure heads into a detachable and adjustable spacing structure, so that the device of the scheme can adjust the loading spacing over time by adjusting the spacing of the pair of the pressure heads. It not only has a simple structure, but also is reliable in implementation and flexible in application, and can be applied to dynamic load tests of small components of building materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional perspective diagrams of the simplified implementation structure of the device of this scheme;

[0033] Figure 2 It is one of the three-dimensional perspective schematic diagrams of the simplified implementation structure of the three-point bending chuck of the device of the present scheme;

[0034] Figure 3 This is the second three-dimensional perspective schematic diagram of the simplified implementation structure of the three-point bending chuck of the device of this scheme;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the simplified implementation structure of the three-point bending chuck of the device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the simplified matching state of the pressure head of the device of this scheme penetrating the positioning block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is particularly noted that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in one, the utility model scheme is a three-point bending test device of a Hopkinson pressure bar system of a small component of a building material, comprising a three-point bending chuck 1, wherein the three-point bending chuck 1 is connected to a transmission bar 2 of the Hopkinson pressure bar system, and cooperates with an incident bar 3 of the Hopkinson pressure bar system to apply a force to a sample 4. In this embodiment scheme, the sample mentioned is a semicircular structure, and its semicircular flat side cooperates with the three-point bending chuck 1, and its semicircular arc side contacts with the incident bar 3 of the Hopkinson pressure bar system, wherein the three-point bending chuck 1 comprises:

[0039] A connecting block 11, one end surface of which is connected to the transmission rod 2 of the Hopkinson pressure rod system;

[0040] A pair of pressure heads 12 are arranged opposite to each other on the other end surface of the connecting block 11;

[0041] The brackets 13 are a pair, and the pair of brackets 13 are arranged oppositely on the other end surface of the connecting block 11 and are used to support the sample 4 to be tested.

[0042] In order to facilitate the cooperation with the transmission rod 2 of the Hopkinson pressure rod system, as a possible implementation mode, further, one end surface of the connecting block 11 of the present solution is provided with a first mounting groove 111 (emphasis combined with Figure 3 ); and in order to improve the connection flexibility, as a better implementation option, preferably, the outer peripheral side of the connecting block 11 of the present scheme is provided with a first clamping bolt 112 which is threaded into the first mounting groove 111 and is used to fix the end of the transmission rod 2 in the first mounting groove 111.

[0043] In order to facilitate the support of the sample 4, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, the other end face of the connecting block 11 described in this scheme is provided with a mounting block 131, and a pair of the brackets 13 are connected to the mounting block 131. Preferably, the bracket 13 described in this scheme can be a rod-shaped structure, and one end of a pair of the brackets 13 can be connected to the mounting block 131 by relative rotation with the rotating shaft 132, and the pair of the brackets 13 are respectively used to support the lower part of the sample 4.

[0044] In the installation of the pressure head 12, as a better implementation option, preferably, a transition block 14 is provided in the middle of the other end face of the connecting block 11 in this scheme, and the transition block 14 can be fixed to the connecting block 11 by bolts or welding, and a pair of the pressure heads 12 are relatively arranged on the end face of the transition block 14 away from the connecting block 11.

[0045] In addition to the above-mentioned structural form, preferably, the end face of the transition block 14 away from the connecting block 11 is provided with a U-shaped positioning groove 141, and the positioning block 15 is detachably provided on the U-shaped positioning groove 141, and the transition block 14 can be detachably provided with the positioning block 15 by bolts.

[0046] Due to the different structures of different specimens 4 and different test design situations, the spacing adjustment of a pair of the indenters 12 can be used to explore the performance of the specimen 4 under different loading spacings. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the indenter 12, the indenter 12 of the present solution can be set to a detachable structure. A plurality of mutually spaced locating holes 151 are symmetrically provided at both ends of the positioning block 15. A pair of the indenters 12 are relatively detachably connected to the locating holes 151 of the positioning block 15. Figure 5 As shown, the position of the pair of pressure heads 12 can be conveniently adjusted by presetting the positioning holes with corresponding spacings of 40mm, 60mm, and 80mm. Since the positioning block 15 and the transition block 14 are connected by bolts for easy disassembly, a positioning block 15 with positioning holes 151 preset with corresponding spacings of 30mm, 50mm, and 70mm can also be provided for easy replacement.

[0047] Preferably, the positioning hole 151 of the present embodiment is a rectangular hole, the pressure head 12 is in the shape of a mountain, the middle part of which is inserted into the positioning hole 151, and the two sides of the pressure head 12 are respectively abutted against the upper and lower end surfaces of the positioning block to limit the pressure head 12 from detaching from the positioning block 15.

[0048] In terms of the matching structure between the pressure head 12 and the sample 4, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, the side of the pressure head 12 away from the connecting block in this solution is an arc-shaped structure.

[0049] By adopting the implementation structure of the present scheme, when it is necessary to perform a three-point bending test on a small component of a building material, taking a semicircular building material sample as an example, the connection block 11 can be first connected to the transmission rod 2 of the Hopkinson pressure bar system; then the sample 4 is placed on the bracket 13, so that the semicircular plane side is in contact with the pressure head 12 of the three-point bending chuck 1, and the semicircular arc side of the sample is in contact with the incident rod 3 of the Hopkinson pressure bar system; then, by starting the Hopkinson pressure bar system, the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2 are matched to generate a force on the sample 4 on the three-point bending chuck 1, at this time, the part where the incident rod 3 contacts the sample 4 forms a force point, and the part where the pressure head 12 contacts the sample 4 forms two force points, so that the three-point bending test is performed on the sample 4 to obtain the three-point bending impact performance data of the sample. The device of the present scheme can be used in dynamic load experiments, and can effectively adjust the loading spacing of the three-point bending.

[0050] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-point bending test device of a Hopkinson bar system for small components of building materials, comprising a three-point bending chuck, wherein the three-point bending chuck is connected to a transmission bar of the Hopkinson bar system and cooperates with an incident bar of the Hopkinson bar system to apply a force to a sample, wherein: The three-point bending chuck comprises: A connecting block, one end surface of which is connected to the transmission rod of the Hopkinson pressure rod system; A pair of pressure heads are arranged opposite to each other on the other end surface of the connecting block; The brackets are a pair, and the pair of brackets are arranged oppositely on the other end surface of the connecting block and are used to support the sample to be tested.

2. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end surface of the connecting block is provided with a first mounting groove adapted to the end structure of the transmission rod.

3. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer peripheral side of the connecting block is provided with a first clamping bolt which is threaded into the first mounting groove and is used to fix and constrain the end of the transmission rod in the first mounting groove.

4. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The other end surface of the connecting block is provided with a mounting block, and a pair of the brackets are connected to the mounting block.

5. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The bracket is a rod-shaped structure, one end of a pair of the brackets is relatively rotatably connected to the mounting block, and the pair of the brackets are respectively used to support the lower part of the sample.

6. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A transition block is provided in the middle of the other end surface of the connecting block, and a pair of pressure heads are arranged oppositely on the end surface of the transition block away from the connecting block.

7. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The end surface of the transition block away from the connecting block is provided with a U-shaped positioning groove, and a positioning block is detachably provided on the U-shaped positioning groove; a plurality of mutually spaced positioning holes are symmetrically provided at both ends of the positioning block, and a pair of the pressure heads are relatively detachably connected to the positioning holes of the positioning block.

8. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of building material small components as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning hole is a rectangular hole, the pressure head is in a mountain shape, the middle part of which is inserted into the positioning hole, and the two sides of the pressure head are respectively attached to the upper and lower end surfaces of the positioning block to limit the pressure head from being separated from the positioning block.

9. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The side of the pressure head away from the connecting block is an arc-shaped structure.

10. The three-point bending test device of the Hopkinson pressure bar system of small building material components as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The transition block is connected to the connection block by bolts, and the positioning block is connected to the transition block by bolts.

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