Multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector comprises an antenna, a filter bank, a radio frequency switch, a low-noise amplifier and a frequency spectrograph, the antenna is electrically connected with the multiple spiral filters at different frequency points, the multiple spiral filter groups at different frequency points are electrically connected through the radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch is electrically connected with the low-noise amplifier, and the low-noise amplifier is electrically connected with the frequency spectrograph; the antenna converts electromagnetic waves in the environment into radio-frequency signals, the spiral filters at different frequency points are switched through the radio-frequency switch, so that the paths of the spiral filters at the corresponding frequency points are conducted, the radio-frequency signals are filtered, the radio-frequency signals are amplified through the shared low-noise amplifier, and the radio-frequency signals are transmitted to the antenna. And the frequency spectrograph analyzes and displays the environmental noise level. Therefore, weak signals can be accurately captured and detected in a complex electromagnetic environment, comprehensive and detailed environmental noise data is provided for site selection of the UV ground station, and the optimal deployment position can be found.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic environment detection, and in particular to a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the development of satellite communication technology, users are increasingly relying on direct communication between ground stations and satellites to obtain information in a timely manner. As a key facility, the performance of UV ground stations is subject to the influence of the surrounding electromagnetic environment, especially the environmental noise. If the intensity of environmental noise is too high, it will significantly reduce the quality of the received signal and affect the reliability and speed of information transmission. Therefore, it is particularly important to select a location with relatively low environmental noise to deploy UV ground stations.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, the radio waves or electromagnetic noise levels in the environment are sometimes extremely weak, even lower than the lowest noise limit that can be detected by commonly used spectrum analyzers, which makes it difficult to obtain accurate environmental noise data through direct testing. Specifically, when the environmental noise intensity is lower than the noise floor of the spectrum analyzer itself, the noise of the instrument itself may mask the weak external noise signal, causing deviations in the test results or failure to complete effective measurements.

[0004] Therefore, in this context, how to design a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector that can achieve accurate testing requirements for low-intensity environmental noise is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector to solve the problem that low-intensity environmental noise is difficult to measure accurately.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector, comprising: an antenna, a filter bank, a radio frequency switch, a low noise amplifier and a spectrum analyzer;

[0007] The filter bank includes a plurality of spiral filters with different frequencies;

[0008] The antennas are electrically connected to the spiral filters of multiple different frequencies respectively, the spiral filter groups of multiple different frequencies are electrically connected through the radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the low noise amplifier, and the low noise amplifier is electrically connected to the spectrum analyzer;

[0009] The antenna converts electromagnetic waves in the environment into radio frequency signals, and switches the spiral filters of multiple different frequencies through the radio frequency switch to make the paths of the spiral filters of the corresponding frequencies conductive, and filters the radio frequency signals. After amplification by the shared low-noise amplifier, the spectrum analyzer analyzes and displays the environmental noise level.

[0010] In this way, the present application can accurately capture and detect weak signals in complex electromagnetic environments by integrating filter groups, RF switches, low-noise amplifiers and spectrum analyzers, providing comprehensive and detailed environmental noise data for UV ground station site selection, helping to find the best deployment location and avoid high-noise interference areas.

[0011] As a possible implementation, each spiral filter in the filter bank is set to have an insertion loss of less than 1 dB, a working bandwidth of greater than 10 MHz, and a suppression degree of greater than 60 dB.

[0012] As a possible implementation manner, when the radio frequency switch is switched to the spiral filter at any frequency point, the isolation of signals at other frequency points passing through the spiral filter is greater than 40 dB.

[0013] As a possible implementation, the radio frequency switch controls the high and low levels of two voltages through a one-to-two switch to achieve rapid switching of spiral filters at multiple different frequencies.

[0014] As a possible implementation manner, the low noise amplifier adopts a two-stage low noise amplifier.

[0015] As a possible implementation, a π-type attenuator is provided between two stages of the low noise amplifier to adjust impedance matching and control gain.

[0016] As a possible implementation, it also includes a power supply device;

[0017] The power supply device is electrically connected to the low noise amplifier and the radio frequency switch respectively, and is used to provide required working power.

[0018] As a possible implementation manner, the power supply device is set to a dual power supply mode.

[0019] As a possible implementation, the power supply device includes a power connector and a DC-DC converter; the power connector is used to connect an external DC power supply, and the DC-DC converter is used to adjust the input DC voltage to the voltage required by the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector.

[0020] As a possible implementation, the power supply device further includes a battery and a voltage regulator; the battery is used to provide voltage, and the voltage regulator is used to stabilize the voltage output by the battery at a constant level required by the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a principle schematic diagram of a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector provided by the present application;

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Antenna; 2. Filter group; 3. RF switch; 4. Filter group; 5. Low noise amplifier; 6. Power supply device.

[0024] It should be understood that the size and shape of each block diagram in the above structural diagram are for reference only and should not constitute an exclusive interpretation of the embodiment of the present invention. The relative position and inclusion relationship between the blocks presented in the structural diagram are only schematic representations of the structural association between the blocks, and do not limit the physical connection method of the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution provided by the present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the system structure and business scenarios provided in the examples of the present application are mainly to illustrate the possible implementation methods of the technical solution of the present application and should not be interpreted as the only limitation on the technical solution of the present application. It is known to those of ordinary skill in the art that with the evolution of the system structure and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided by the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning described in this specification or the meaning derived from the contents recorded in this specification shall prevail. In addition, the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0027] The present application embodiment provides a multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an antenna 1, a filter group 2, a radio frequency switch 3, a low noise amplifier 4 and a spectrum analyzer 5;

[0028] The filter bank 2 includes a plurality of spiral filters with different frequencies;

[0029] The antenna 1 is electrically connected to the spiral filters of multiple different frequencies respectively, the spiral filter groups 2 of multiple different frequencies are electrically connected through the radio frequency switch 3, the radio frequency switch 3 is electrically connected to the low noise amplifier 4, and the low noise amplifier 4 is electrically connected to the spectrum analyzer 5;

[0030] The antenna 1 converts electromagnetic waves in the environment into radio frequency signals, and switches the spiral filters of multiple different frequencies through the radio frequency switch 3 to make the paths of the spiral filters of the corresponding frequencies conductive, and filters the radio frequency signals. After amplification by the shared low-noise amplifier 4, the spectrum analyzer 5 analyzes and displays the environmental noise level.

[0031] Thus, in the present application, by utilizing the intelligent control of the RF switch 3, it is possible to quickly switch to the spiral filter of any specified frequency in the filter group 2, thereby realizing flexible conversion between spiral filters of different frequencies and improving the convenience and efficiency of multi-band environmental noise assessment; a common low-noise amplifier 4 is utilized to serve all frequencies to ensure that the signal can be effectively amplified and noise can be suppressed during testing at different frequencies, thereby reducing the use of duplicate components, reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulties, and also reducing the size and weight of the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector, thereby enhancing portability and practicality.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present application, the filter group 2 may include three spiral filters with different frequencies, and the frequencies may be set to 240 MHz, 320 MHz, and 400 MHz, respectively. Specifically, the 240 MHz spiral filter may use a third-order cavity, the 320 MHz spiral filter may use a fourth-order cavity, and the 400 MHz spiral filter may use a fourth-order cavity.

[0033] Of course, the spiral filter can also be set to other frequencies according to actual conditions, such as but not limited to 500 MHz. This application does not make specific limitations on this, in order to meet the needs of different scenarios and improve the flexibility of design.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, each spiral filter in the filter group 2 is set to have an insertion loss of less than 1 dB, a working bandwidth of greater than 10 MHz, and a suppression degree of greater than 60 dB.

[0035] For example, the filter bank 2 includes three spiral filters (240 MHz, 320 MHz, and 400 MHz).

[0036] For a 240MHz spiral filter, the insertion loss can be 0.6dB and the operating bandwidth can be 12MHz;

[0037] For a 320MHz spiral filter, the insertion loss can be 0.84dB and the operating bandwidth can be 16MHz;

[0038] The insertion loss of the 400MHz spiral filter can be 0.62dB and the operating bandwidth can be 18MHz.

[0039] In this way, the insertion loss of each spiral filter is less than 1dB, indicating that the energy loss of the signal is minimal when passing through the spiral filter. Low loss helps maintain the quality and stability of the signal and reduce signal distortion. The working bandwidth of each spiral filter is greater than 10MHz, indicating that each spiral filter can effectively process signals in a wider frequency range, improving the system's compatibility and processing capabilities for multi-band signals.

[0040] For another example, the filter bank 2 includes three spiral filters (240 MHz, 320 MHz, and 400 MHz) for description.

[0041] For the 240MHz spiral filter, the suppression at 320MHz is 60.3dB, and the suppression at 400MHz is 88dB;

[0042] For the 320MHz spiral filter, the suppression at 240MHz is 81dB, and the suppression at 400MHz is 61dB;

[0043] For a 400MHz spiral filter, the suppression at 240MHz is 86dB and the suppression at 320MHz is 63dB.

[0044] To clarify, suppression is a quantitative indicator used to measure the effectiveness of a filter in preventing or suppressing the passage of non-target frequency signals. The larger the suppression value expressed in decibels (dB), the stronger the filter's ability to attenuate signals at non-working frequencies, that is, the better the shielding effect on external interference signals.

[0045] In this way, each spiral filter exhibits a suppression of more than 60dB at non-working frequencies, that is, when a spiral filter is activated for a specific frequency, it can effectively suppress signals at other frequencies and almost no crosstalk is generated. For example, when a 240MHz spiral filter is used, the signals of the 320MHz spiral filter and the 400MHz spiral filter will be strongly suppressed, which ensures the purity of the signal and good isolation between channels, allowing the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector to maintain high data transmission rate and low bit error rate in multi-frequency operation mode.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present application, when the RF switch 3 is switched to the spiral filter at any frequency point, the isolation of signals at other frequency points passing through the spiral filter is greater than 40 dB.

[0047] Thus, an isolation greater than 40 dB means that unselected frequency signals will be significantly attenuated when passing through the RF switch, thereby reducing the interference of these signals on the desired frequency signals, which is particularly important for communication systems that require a high signal-to-noise ratio and high sensitivity.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the radio frequency switch 3 controls the high and low levels of two voltages through a one-to-two switch to achieve rapid switching of spiral filters at multiple different frequency points.

[0049] For example, a high-low voltage combination corresponds to a 240MHz spiral filter path conduction; a low-high voltage combination corresponds to a 320MHz spiral filter path conduction; and a double-high or double-low voltage combination corresponds to a 400MHz spiral filter path conduction.

[0050] Thus, the design of one-to-two switches allows the RF switch 3 to simultaneously control the high and low levels of two voltages, thereby realizing fast switching of spiral filters at different frequencies. This design greatly improves the switching speed of the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector between different frequency bands, and enhances the responsiveness and real-time performance of the system.

[0051] In some embodiments, the RF switch 3 is configured as a one-to-three switch for selecting one of three spiral filters with different frequencies (240 MHz, 320 MHz, 400 MHz) so that the signal can be processed through the selected filter.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the low noise amplifier 4 adopts a two-stage low noise amplifier 4, and a π-type attenuator is arranged between the two stages of the low noise amplifier 4 for adjusting impedance matching and controlling gain.

[0053] In the measurement application of the spectrum analyzer 5, the noise floor of the spectrum analyzer 5 itself is -132dBm / Hz. However, in order to achieve the measurement of the noise floor limit of -174dBm / Hz, it is necessary to design a low noise amplifier 4 to increase the gain. Since it is difficult for a single-stage low noise amplifier 4 to provide the required 42dB gain (which is the difference between -174dBm / Hz and -132dBm / Hz), the present application adopts the design of a two-stage low noise amplifier 4.

[0054] In addition, each low noise amplifier 4 uses a chip with a gain of 26dB. However, when two stages are cascaded, special attention should be paid to the matching problem between the output impedance of the first stage and the input impedance of the second stage. In order to solve this problem and to properly control the gain to prevent nonlinear distortion caused by excessive signal amplitude, a 3dB π-type attenuator is added between the two amplifiers.

[0055] In addition, in order to reduce reflection between input and output signals and enhance system performance, the two-stage low noise amplifier 4 is subjected to cavity separation processing to improve the isolation between them.

[0056] After the above design, the final low noise amplifier 4 provides a total gain of about 50 dB (26 dB+26 dB-3 dB=49 dB, approximately 50 dB considering the actual possible gain loss). In this way, the spectrum analyzer 5 can obtain a signal level close to the theoretical noise floor through the low noise amplifier 4.

[0057] It is worth noting that the low noise amplifier 4 of the present application is designed to cover a wider frequency range, that is, it can simultaneously amplify signals of multiple different frequencies (such as 240MHz, 320MHz, 400MHz) without significantly affecting its performance due to frequency changes.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, it also includes a power supply device 6 set to a dual power supply mode;

[0059] The power supply device 6 is electrically connected to the low noise amplifier 4 and the radio frequency switch 3 respectively, and is used to provide required working power.

[0060] Specifically, the power supply device 6 includes a power connector and a DC-DC converter; the power connector is used to connect an external DC power supply, and the DC-DC converter is used to adjust the input DC voltage to the voltage required by the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector;

[0061] The power supply device 6 also includes a battery and a voltage stabilizer; the battery is used to provide voltage, and the voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage output by the battery at a constant level required by the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector.

[0062] In this way, the dual power supply mode enables the detector to be used flexibly in different working scenarios. Whether it is in an indoor environment with a stable power supply or in an outdoor environment where mobile operations are required, the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector can work normally.

[0063] The words "first, second, third, etc." or module A, module B, module C and other similar terms in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. It is understandable that the specific order or sequence can be interchanged where permitted so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0064] The term "comprising" as used in the description and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to what is listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the features, integers, steps or components mentioned, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components and groups thereof. Therefore, the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting of components A and B only.

[0065] References to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. In addition, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any appropriate manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure.

[0066] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, all of which belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector, characterized in that: include: Antenna (1), filter group (2), radio frequency switch (3), low noise amplifier (4) and spectrum analyzer (5); The filter group (2) comprises a plurality of spiral filters with different frequencies; The antenna (1) is electrically connected to the spiral filters of multiple different frequencies respectively, the spiral filter groups (2) of multiple different frequencies are electrically connected via the radio frequency switch (3), the radio frequency switch (3) is electrically connected to the low noise amplifier (4), and the low noise amplifier (4) is electrically connected to the spectrum analyzer (5); The antenna (1) converts electromagnetic waves in the environment into radio frequency signals, and switches the spiral filters of multiple different frequencies through the radio frequency switch (3) to make the paths of the spiral filters of the corresponding frequencies conductive, and performs filtering processing on the radio frequency signals. After amplification processing by the shared low-noise amplifier (4), the spectrum analyzer (5) analyzes and displays the environmental noise level.

2. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each spiral filter in the filter group (2) is set to have an insertion loss of less than 1 dB, an operating bandwidth of greater than 10 MHz, and a suppression degree of greater than 60 dB.

3. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the radio frequency switch (3) is switched to the spiral filter at any frequency point, the isolation degree of signals at other frequency points passing through the spiral filter is greater than 40 dB.

4. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency switch (3) controls the high and low levels of two voltages through a one-to-two switch, so as to realize rapid switching of spiral filters at multiple different frequency points.

5. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low noise amplifier (4) adopts a two-stage low noise amplifier (4).

6. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: A π-type attenuator is provided between the two stages of the low noise amplifier (4) for adjusting impedance matching and controlling gain.

7. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a power supply device (6); The power supply device (6) is electrically connected to the low-noise amplifier (4) and the radio frequency switch (3) respectively, and is used to provide required working power.

8. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power supply device (6) is configured in a dual power supply mode.

9. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power supply device (6) comprises a power connector and a DC-DC converter; the power connector is used to connect an external DC power supply, and the DC-DC converter is used to adjust the input DC voltage to the voltage required by the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector.

10. The multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power supply device (6) also includes a battery and a voltage stabilizer; the battery is used to provide voltage, and the voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage output by the battery at a constant level required by the multi-channel electromagnetic environment detector.

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