Water-cooled fire grate with adjustable inclination angle and boiler

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water-cooled fire grate which is provided with a pivot header, the pivot header is a long and thin pipe fitting and is suitable for penetrating through a water cooling wall of a boiler to be rotatably supported, so that the water-cooled fire grate can rotate around the pivot header to adjust the inclination angle, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed in the end parts of the two sides of the pivot header. The utility model further relates to a boiler comprising the fire grate, the two ends of the pivot header of the water-cooled fire grate extend to the outer sides of the two side wall water-cooled walls respectively and are rotatably supported by supporting pieces, and the pivot header is provided with a water inlet assembly and a water outlet assembly around the water inlet and the water outlet respectively. According to the water-cooled fire grate, the water-cooled fire grate is provided with the pivot header, so that the water-cooled fire grate can rotate greatly around the pivot header, and a large inclination angle can be adjusted. In addition, due to the fact that a water-cooling structure is used, the temperature of the whole water-cooling fire grate is greatly reduced compared with that of a non-water-cooling structure, adhesion and coking of fuel can be avoided, and parts are prevented from being damaged by high-temperature smoke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model is dedicated to providing a water-cooling grate with adjustable inclination angle and a corresponding boiler. Background Art

[0002] Prior art, such as CN220303624U, has a grate with adjustable inclination, which includes a fixed water-cooled grate and a grate arranged on the fixed water-cooled grate. The inclination of the grate is adjustable, thereby being able to change the sliding angle of the fuel. However, the grate can only be adjusted at a small angle, which often cannot meet the needs. In addition, the grate is a non-water-cooled component, and will have a very high temperature due to the high temperature atmosphere in the furnace. Therefore, when burning fuels such as biomass, the fuel is prone to adhesion and coking, and the grate and transmission components are prone to burn. For this reason, there is a need for an improved grate structure in the art. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model is dedicated to providing a water-cooling grate and a corresponding boiler which can overcome the above problems.

[0004] Specifically, the utility model provides a water-cooled grate, which is suitable for being installed in a boiler furnace at an angle, wherein the water-cooled grate has a pivot manifold and a heat exchange tube bundle fluidically connected to the pivot manifold; the pivot manifold is a slender pipe fitting, which serves as the pivot of the water-cooled grate, and is suitable for passing through the boiler water-cooled wall and being rotatably supported, so that the water-cooled grate can rotate around the pivot manifold to adjust the tilt angle, wherein the two side ends of the pivot manifold are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, so that water can enter the water-cooled grate from the water inlet, and flow out from the water outlet after exchanging heat with the flue gas in the furnace.

[0005] The utility model also provides a boiler, which has a furnace surrounded by a front arch water-cooled wall, a rear arch water-cooled wall and two side wall water-cooled walls, and the furnace is provided with the water-cooled grate as described above, wherein the two ends of the pivot coupling of the water-cooled grate respectively extend to the outside of the two side wall water-cooled walls and are rotatably supported by support members, and the pivot coupling is respectively provided with a water inlet assembly and a water outlet assembly around the water inlet and the water outlet.

[0006] According to the utility model, the water-cooled grate has a pivot coupling, so that it can be rotated greatly around the pivot coupling to adjust a large inclination angle. In addition, because a water-cooled structure is used, the temperature of the entire water-cooled grate is greatly reduced compared to a non-water-cooled structure, which can avoid the adhesion and coking of fuel and prevent components from being damaged by high-temperature smoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods, wherein:

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a boiler according to the utility model is shown;

[0009] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The AA cross-sectional view shows the support and drive structure of an exemplary water-cooled grate according to the present invention;

[0010] Figures 3 to 5 The schematic diagrams of the structures of several water-cooled grates are shown, and the direction of water flow is particularly shown;

[0011] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an exemplary inclined water-cooled grate structure is given, wherein: Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional side view of the inclined water-cooled grate. Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 The view observed in the direction indicated by the arrow m;

[0012] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 Another exemplary structural schematic diagram of an inclined water-cooled grate is given, wherein: Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional side view of the inclined water-cooled grate. Fig. 9 It is along Figure 8 The view observed in the direction indicated by arrow n. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The utility model is described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be pointed out that the illustrated embodiments are schematic and are only examples and do not limit the utility model. After reading the specification, those skilled in the art should be able to foresee various other equivalent schemes. It should also be noted that the directional words such as up, down, left, right, front, and back involved in this article are defined by the directions in the accompanying drawings, but this description is only for the clarity and convenience of expressing the technical solution and does not constitute a limitation on the utility model.

[0014] like Figure 1As shown, the boiler body according to the utility model has a furnace 4 surrounded by a front arch water-cooled wall 1, a rear arch water-cooled wall 2 and two side wall water-cooled walls 3. A plurality of inclined water-cooled grates 5 (four are shown in the figure, but more or less are within the scope of the utility model) are arranged from top to bottom in the furnace 4, and a serpentine path is formed between these water-cooled grates 5. A feed port 6 is provided at a position corresponding to the top grate 5 of the front arch water-cooled wall 1. The feed port 6 can be defined by the space between two spaced-apart headers 7 and 8 on the front arch water-cooled wall 1. A feed box 9 and a feed hopper 10 are arranged on the outside of the front arch water-cooled wall 1, corresponding to the feed port 6. During operation, the fuel to be burned enters the top grate 5 through the feed hopper 10, the feed box 9, and the feed port 6, and then slides down in sequence along the grates of each level. In this process, the fuel is gradually burned out. The burnt slag falls to the slag discharge grate 11 at the bottom of the boiler and is discharged into the slag pit.

[0015] It should be noted here that "water-cooled wall" is a well-known term in the art, and is synonymous with "water-cooled membrane wall". It is an airtight tube screen structure welded together by heat exchange tube bundles (usually side-by-side heat exchange tubes with working medium water flowing inside) and steel plates between the tube bundles. The heat exchange tubes can be round tubes or non-round tubes. The furnace surrounded by the water-cooled wall has good airtightness and can be heated effectively. Insulation materials can be laid on the outside of the water-cooled wall, and the structure thus formed can be called a "furnace wall". It should also be noted that the water-cooled wall structure with only heat exchange tube bundles and no steel plates between the tube bundles is called a "bare tube section", and the heat exchange tubes at this time are called "bare tubes". "Header" is also a well-known term in the art, also known as a header, which is usually arranged in the water-cooled wall transversely to the heat exchange tube bundles, and is used to collect the working medium (usually water) in the heat exchange tube bundles or distribute the collected working medium to each heat exchange tube bundle. It is usually a columnar structure, which can be cylindrical or non-cylindrical, and will not be repeated.

[0016] According to the present invention, the inclined water-cooled grate 5 is an inclination-adjustable water-cooled grate. To this end, the grate 5 is pivotally supported so that the inclination angle is adjustable. Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to the utility model, each water-cooling grate 5 has a header 52 used as a pivot shaft. The header used as a pivot shaft can be called a "pivot header". The water-cooling grate 5 can rotate around its own pivot header 52.

[0017] See also Figure 2 The two ends of the pivot coupling 52 are substantially airtightly passed through the openings 37 on the water-cooled walls 3 of the two side walls of the boiler and supported by the support members 13. One end of the two ends of the pivot coupling 52 (for example Figure 2 The left end of the water inlet 58 is provided, and the other end (e.g. Figure 2 The right end in the figure shows a water outlet 59. Between the water inlet and the water outlet, a water circuit is formed on the water-cooled grate, thereby heat exchange is achieved with the flue gas in the furnace.

[0018] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the pivotal manifolds 52 of each water-cooled grate 5 are all middle manifolds; each water-cooled grate 5 includes two end manifolds, one upper and one lower, in addition to the pivotal manifolds 52. Reference numeral 53 indicates the upper end manifold, and 54 indicates the lower end manifold. However, it should be noted that Figure 1 The structure shown is only an example, and the pivot coupling 52 may also be an end coupling. Figures 3 to 5 The schematic diagrams of the structures of various possible water-cooled grates are shown.

[0019] like Figure 3 As shown, the pivot coupling 52 is an intermediate coupling, and the interior of the coupling is divided into left and right sections by a partition 55. The left section defines the water inlet 58, and the right section defines the water outlet 59. Thus, when water enters the left section of the pivot coupling 52 from the water inlet 58 of the pivot coupling 52, it will flow to the left area of ​​the upper and lower end couplings 53 and 54 due to the obstruction of the partition 55, and then enter the right section of the pivot coupling 52 from the right area of ​​the upper and lower end couplings 53 and 54, and flow out from the water outlet 59 of the pivot coupling. The water inlet and outlet directions can be reversed.

[0020] Figure 4 The figure shows the case where the pivot manifold 52 is an end manifold (more specifically, an upper end manifold). At this time, the interior of the pivot manifold is still divided into two sections, left and right, by the partition 55. Water enters the left section of the pivot manifold from the water inlet 58 on the left side of the pivot manifold, flows to the lower end manifold 54 through the heat exchange tube due to the obstruction of the partition, then enters the right section of the pivot manifold through the heat exchange tube, and flows out from the water outlet 59 on the right side. The water inlet and outlet directions can be reversed.

[0021] Figure 5 Another situation is shown when the pivot manifold 52 is an end manifold (more specifically, an upper end manifold), in which case the pivot manifold 52 has a plurality of partitions 55, thereby having a plurality of partitions separated from each other, and the other end (i.e., the lower end) manifold 54 also has a plurality of partitions 55 and a plurality of partitions, in which case the water in the water-cooled grate flows in a serpentine path with multiple turns, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency. The inlet and outlet directions of the water can also be reversed.

[0022] For Figure 3 The pivot coupling 52 shown is the case of an intermediate coupling. The pivot coupling 52 and the end couplings 53 and 54 may also be used in combination. Figure 5 The situation is similar to that of each having multiple baffles and partitions, so that the water in the water-cooled grate is turned back multiple times to fully exchange heat. Figure 5Similarly, a plurality of partitions are provided in the pivot manifold, and the plurality of partitions divide the internal space of the pivot manifold into a plurality of sections, and the plurality of sections include a left section defining the water inlet and a right section defining the water outlet, and each of the end manifolds is respectively provided with at least one partition, and the partitions divide the internal space of the corresponding end manifold into a plurality of sections, wherein the number of partitions of each of the end manifolds is one less than the number of partitions of the pivot manifold, thereby the number of sections of each of the end manifolds is one less than the number of sections of the pivot manifold, and heat exchange tube bundles are connected between each section of the pivot manifold and the corresponding section of each of the end manifolds, so that when water flows in the pivot manifold and the end manifold, it will change direction due to the partitions, thereby flowing in a serpentine shape between the pivot manifold and each end manifold, and finally flowing out from the water outlet of the pivot manifold.

[0023] In addition, it should be noted that, although not particularly preferred, the pivot coupling can also be a lower end coupling, and its structure can be similar to that of the lower end coupling. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Similar, except that the lower end header acts as a pivot header.

[0024] In fact, except for the header 52 for providing the pivot, the other parts of the water-cooled grate of the present invention can adopt any existing structure, and the present invention is not limited to this. Figures 6 to 9 Two improved embodiments are given.

[0025] According to one solution of the utility model, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inclined water-cooled grate can be a generally membrane-type wall structure, wherein Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional side view of the inclined water-cooled grate. Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 The view from the direction indicated by arrow m. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the water-cooled grate has a plurality of heat exchange tubes 40 arranged side by side and ribs 41 welded between the heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes 40 are connected to the grate header (not shown, and may be, for example, the headers 52, 53, 54, etc.), and a plurality of ventilation holes 42 are formed on the ribs 41, so that the fuel can be prevented from falling directly between the heat exchange tubes 40, while allowing air to pass through the ribs to assist combustion. According to the preferred embodiment shown in the figure, the ribs 41 are offset relative to the plane 45 defined by the central axis of each heat exchange tube toward the side 47 of the heat exchange tube that contacts the fuel, so that the grooves formed by the adjacent heat exchange tubes 40 and the ribs 41 therebetween are shallow, and the fuel has less resistance when sliding down along the heat exchange tubes and the grooves, which facilitates the fuel to slide down.

[0026] Figure 8 and Fig. 9Another possible solution of tilting water-cooled grates is given. Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional side view of the inclined water-cooled grate. Fig. 9 It is along Figure 8 The view observed in the direction indicated by the arrow n in the figure. The inclined water-cooled grate includes a plurality of light tubes 60 arranged side by side and a plurality of spaced-apart transverse elongated plates 61 which are transverse to the light tubes 60 and welded to the light tubes 60 in sequence from top to bottom. The side of each elongated plate 61 which engages with the light tube 60 (referred to as the "first side") has a plurality of notches 62, and the position and shape of each notch 62 match those of each light tube, so that the elongated plate 61 can be engaged with each light tube 60 and welded as a whole. The other side of the elongated plate 61 opposite to the side engaged with the light tube (referred to as the "second side") is substantially straight. These elongated plates 61 are substantially parallel to each other, spaced vertically, and oriented to be tilted toward the lower end of the grate relative to the direction perpendicular to the light tube (see Figure 8 ). These elongated plates 61 form a "step-like" structure; when the fuel slides down the grate and passes through the "step-like" structure, it will "bump" and be slightly bounced and then fall down, thereby reducing the sliding resistance of the fuel, so that the fuel can slide smoothly and burn favorably. In a preferred embodiment, air holes can be formed on the elongated plates 61.

[0027] Reference below Figure 2 The support and water inlet and outlet arrangement of the pivot coupling box 52 are described in detail. It should be clear that this structure is only an example and not a limitation.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the pivot coupling 52 extend to the outside of the side wall water-cooled wall 3 respectively, and are supported by the support member 13. The support member 13 can be a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing engaged with the pivot coupling 52. The sliding bearing or the rolling bearing is connected to the support 70, and the support 70 is preferably connected to the boiler water-cooled wall 3 as a whole, thereby minimizing various misalignments caused by thermal expansion. The support 70 can be connected to the boiler water-cooled wall 3 by bolts (not shown). When bolt connection is used, a thermal expansion gap can be reserved between the bolts and the bolt holes. In addition, the support 70 is preferably a hood-shaped member (as shown in the figure) connected to the water-cooled wall around the pivot coupling, and has a heat-insulating sealing filler 80 therein, thereby, the support 70 is also used as a flue gas seal to basically prevent the flue gas in the furnace from overflowing. The filler can be various known and available fillers, and the utility model is not limited to this. It should be noted that in order to better accommodate the axial and radial thermal expansion of the pivot coupling, the support member 13 and the pivot coupling 52 do not need to be precisely matched, but radial and axial clearances must be reserved, which can be easily determined by calculation or actual measurement.

[0029] The water inlet and outlet arrangements of the pivot coupling 52 are discussed below.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, a water inlet 58 is provided at one end of the pivot coupling 52, and a water outlet 59 is provided at the other end, and the water inlet and the water outlet may be multiple. A water inlet assembly 20 and a water outlet assembly 30 are connected around the water inlet 58 and the water outlet 59, respectively. The water inlet assembly and the water outlet assembly shown in the drawings have the same structure (because the water inlet and the water outlet can be reversed and used interchangeably), so the following description is only combined with the water inlet assembly 20.

[0031] like Figure 2 In an exemplary but non-limiting embodiment, the water inlet assembly 20 includes a cup-shaped member 21 arranged around the water inlet 58 of the pivot manifold 52 and an end cover 22 connected to the cup-shaped member 21 as a whole. The cup-shaped member 21 includes a main body 23 and a cup bottom 24. The inner diameter of the main body 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the pivot manifold 52, thereby forming an annular space 26 between the inner circumferential surface of the main body 23 and the outer circumferential surface of the pivot manifold 52; a first sealing ring 36 is arranged in the annular space 26. The sealing ring 36 can be, for example, a Y-shaped sealing ring or other suitable dynamic sealing member, which is sealed and engaged with the inner circumferential surface of the main body 23, the pivot manifold 52, and the cup bottom 24. The main body 23 is connected to the end cover 22 as a whole at the end opposite to the cup bottom 24 by means of a fastener. A second sealing ring 46 is disposed in the annular space 26 to abut against the end cover 22. The second sealing ring 46, like the first sealing ring 36, is sealed against the inner circumferential surface of the main body 23 and the pivot coupling 52. For example, it can be a Y-shaped sealing ring or other suitable dynamic sealing member. The end cover 22 can be connected to the cup 21 by means of a fastener. A light hole 25 is disposed at the center of the end cover 22. A threaded blind hole 27 is disposed on the end surface of the pivot coupling 52. A positioning screw 29 passes through the light hole 25 and is screwed into the blind hole 27 on the end surface of the pivot coupling, thereby serving as a stopper for the water inlet assembly, limiting the axial movement range of the water inlet assembly 20 on the pivot coupling so that it can only move within a small range between the head of the screw 29 and the end surface of the pivot coupling. Further, a water inlet pipe joint 28 suitable for connecting to the water inlet pipe is formed on the side wall of the main body 23. The water inlet pipe joint 28 has a water inlet passage connected to the annular space 26 of the cup 21. The water outlet assembly 30 on the other side of the pivot manifold 52 has the same structure as the water inlet assembly 20. In this way, water can enter the pivot manifold 52 through the water inlet assembly 20, and flow out from the water outlet assembly 30 on the other side after flowing through the entire water-cooled grate.

[0032] It is further understandable that Figure 2The water inlet and outlet structures are only examples, and there are various alternatives. Any structure that can cooperate with the pipeline to seal water inlet and outlet can be used as the water inlet assembly and water outlet assembly of the utility model. In the simplest solution, the water inlet and outlet assemblies 20 and 30 can be replaced by a hose or a hose connector that can be sleeved and fixed on the end of the pivot manifold 52.

[0033] According to another aspect of the utility model, the pivot coupling 52 is used not only as a pivot shaft, but also as a power receiving part. To this end, the pivot coupling has a power receiving member, which is suitable for receiving the driving force of the driving mechanism to rotate the pivot coupling, thereby driving the grate to rotate, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the grate. The power receiving member is integrated with the pivot coupling at least when rotating. The power receiving member can be a swing arm, a sprocket, a gear or a pulley, thereby being driven by a corresponding driving device.

[0034] Figure 1 and Figure 2 That is, an exemplary connecting rod driving scheme is shown.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pivot coupling 52 is connected to a swing arm 15. The swing arm 15 can be connected to a driving device such as a hydraulic cylinder / pneumatic cylinder and driven by it. The connection between the swing arm 15 and the pivot coupling 52 is an integral connection during rotation. This can be achieved in various known ways, such as welding or key connection (especially spline connection). Thus, when the swing arm 15 is rotated, the pivot coupling 52 can rotate accordingly, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the water-cooled grate.

[0036] From the perspective of convenient processing and manufacturing, the connection structure on the pivot coupling 52 that cooperates with the swing arm 15 can be provided by a separate component, and the separate component can be welded to the pivot coupling 52 after processing. For example, when the pivot coupling 52 is key-connected with the swing arm 15, a single key can be processed and welded to the pivot coupling 52, and then the swing arm with a key slot hole can be sleeved on the pivot coupling 52 so that the key slot and the key are engaged; or, a cylindrical member with a spline can be processed first, and then the cylindrical member can be welded to the pivot coupling 52, and then the swing arm with a spline slot can be sleeved on the pivot coupling 52 so that the spline slot and the spline are engaged.

[0037] When using chain drive, gear drive, belt drive, swing arm 15 can be replaced by sprocket, gear or pulley. At this moment, the connecting structure of pivot coupling and sprocket, gear or pulley still can be arranged as described with reference to above-mentioned swing arm 15.

[0038] It is easy to understand that the present invention has no limitation on the driving structure of the pivot coupling, as long as it can drive the pivot coupling 52 to rotate.

[0039] In addition, in order to limit the lateral movement of the grate in the furnace, an axial stopper (not shown) may be provided on the pivot coupling 52. The stopper abuts against the side wall water-cooling wall 3 or a component integrated with the side wall water-cooling wall (such as the support 70, such as the support member 13, etc.) in the axial direction, thereby achieving lateral stop.

[0040] Furthermore, each water-cooled grate can be linked or driven independently. The linkage can be achieved through various linkage mechanisms, such as a connecting rod mechanism, a pulley transmission mechanism, a sprocket transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism. Figure 1 In the illustrated solution, the multiple water-cooling grates 5 from top to bottom are linked by a multi-link mechanism. Specifically, the swing arms 15 of the water-cooling grates 5 are connected to each other by means of rods 33. In this way, the inclination angle of all water-cooling grates can be adjusted by a single drive device 16. In another feasible solution not shown, the front arch water-cooling grate (i.e. Figure 1 The left grate in the middle) is linked to the rear arch water-cooled fireplace grate (i.e. Figure 1 The right side grate in the middle) is independently linked with the front arch water-cooled grate. In other schemes not shown, each water-cooled grate is independent of each other.

[0041] According to another aspect of the utility model, in order to provide a rotation space for the upper end of the inclined water-cooled grate and prevent the upstream fuel from spilling from the gap between the upper end of the water-cooled grate and the corresponding water-cooled wall when sliding down to the downstream grate, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the front arch water-cooled wall 1 and the rear arch water-cooled wall 2 are bent toward the furnace at the upper end 53 near each grate to form a substantially V-shaped protrusion 17. The upper end 53 of the water-cooled grate is located below the V-shaped protrusion 17. The upper half of the V-shaped protrusion 17 is inclined downward, and the lower half of the V-shaped protrusion 17 is preferably inclined upward or inclined relative to the upper end 53 of the water-cooled grate. Figure 1 The straight shape shown is slightly concave in an arc. In this way, the protrusion 17 blocks the gap between the upper end of the water-cooled grate and the corresponding water-cooled wall, and the fuel from the upstream can easily slide onto the downstream grate through the upper half of the protrusion 17; and a space for the upper end of the water-cooled grate to swing is formed between the lower half and the corresponding front arch water-cooled wall 1 or rear arch water-cooled wall 2 to avoid interference, and the upward movement of the flue gas is basically not affected due to the inclined direction of the upper half and the lower half.

[0042] Another aspect of the present invention relates to the arrangement of the most upstream water-cooled grate 5 (also referred to as the "feeding grate"). Although the most upstream water-cooled grate 5 can be arranged in the same manner as the lower water-cooled grate 5, i.e., in cooperation with the V-shaped protrusion 17, Figure 1Another feasible solution is shown. In this solution, the most upstream water-cooled grate 5 extends through the feed port 6 to the feed box 9 outside the boiler and is located below the feed hopper 10. In this way, the fuel fed from the feed hopper 10 can fall directly onto the most upstream water-cooled grate 5 and slide along it. The part of the most upstream water-cooled grate located in the furnace needs to be breathable to allow the gas below to pass through the grate to allow the fuel to burn. The part of the most upstream water-cooled grate located outside the furnace (i.e., located outside the feed port 6) can be an airtight membrane wall structure, thereby avoiding unnecessary feed spillage and sending all the fuel received from the feed hopper 10 into the furnace 4. In addition, the structure of the most upstream water-cooled grate is no different from the water-cooled grates in other furnaces, and it is also rotatably supported by a pivot manifold, so that the inclination angle is adjustable.

[0043] for Figure 1 The structure of the most upstream water-cooling grate shown is provided with sealing devices on the top and bottom sides of the most upstream water-cooling grate in order to reduce air leakage in the furnace.

[0044] In order to achieve top side sealing, a gate lifting device is arranged between the feed hopper 10 and the front arch water-cooled wall 1, and the device includes a gate 31 that can move up and down in the vertical direction and a gate driving member 32. The gate 31 is suitable for being moved between a first position (not shown) and a second position (not shown) under the action of the driving device. Figure 1 The gate 31 is arranged to move between the upper surface of the most upstream water-cooled grate 5 and the lower surface of the gate 31, wherein, in the first position, the gate 31 abuts against the upper surface of the most upstream water-cooled grate 5, thereby minimizing the leakage of smoke in the furnace; in the second position, the gate 31 is separated from the upper surface of the most upstream water-cooled grate 5 by a predetermined distance, thereby allowing feeding. Preferably, in the first position, the gate 31 abuts against the pivot manifold 52 of the most upstream water-cooled grate. Because compared with the undulating upper surface of the grate, the cylindrical outer surface of the pivot manifold 52 is easier to seal with the lower surface of the gate 31.

[0045] In order to achieve bottom side sealing, a movable sealing device is provided between the bottom side of the most upstream water-cooled grate and the feed box 9. Figure 1 As shown, the movable sealing device includes a roughly arc-shaped sealing plate 18 extending from the bottom side of the most upstream water-cooled grate, which is basically centered on the axis of the pivot coupling 52, and a sealing groove 19 located on the feed box 9, in which sand is arranged; the sealing plate 18 can swing with the grate, and when the most upstream water-cooled grate is working normally, the sealing plate 18 is inserted into the sand in the sealing groove 19 to achieve sealing.

[0046] Those skilled in the art should understand that the top and bottom sealing devices may also be any sealing structures available in the art.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that although the utility model can essentially be regarded as a fixed grate with adjustable inclination (that is, after the inclination adjustment is completed, the grate is fixed when working), each water-cooled grate can also be used as a vibrating grate, that is, when necessary, the driving device can periodically drive the pivot coupling to rotate at a certain frequency, so that each water-cooled grate swings back and forth, thereby promoting the falling of the fuel.

[0048] Finally, let me explain the installation of the water-cooled grate in the furnace. The first feasible solution is to install the grate first and then the water-cooled wall. The second feasible solution is to install the heat exchange tubes of the water-cooled wall first, but not to weld the ribs (i.e., the steel plates between the heat exchange tubes). After the grate is placed into the furnace and arranged in place, the ribs are welded to form a closed water-cooled wall. The third solution is to transform the grate into a split type, that is, including a middle section (or main section) that can enter the furnace 4 from the feed port 6 and left and right side end sections. This can be achieved by transforming the pivot manifold into a split structure including a middle section (also known as the main section) and end sections separated from the middle section, wherein the axial length of the middle section is close to the distance between the water-cooled walls 3 on both side walls. In this way, during installation, the water-cooled wall can be formed by normal welding first, but a certain length of ribs are reserved at the grate installation position and are not welded. After the middle section of the grate is fed into the furnace through the feed port 6 and arranged in place, the left and right side end sections of the pivot coupling are welded to the middle section, and then the ribs are welded to form a closed water-cooled wall.

[0049] Although some embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-cooled grate, which is suitable for being installed obliquely in a boiler furnace, characterized in that: The water-cooled grate has a pivot manifold and a heat exchange tube bundle in fluid communication with the pivot manifold; the pivot manifold is a slender pipe fitting suitable for use as a pivot of the water-cooled grate, so that the water-cooled grate can rotate around the pivot manifold to adjust the inclination angle, wherein the two side ends of the pivot manifold are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, so that water can enter the water-cooled grate from the water inlet, and flow out from the water outlet after exchanging heat with the flue gas in the furnace.

2. The water-cooled grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In addition to the pivot header, the water-cooled grate further comprises at least one end header.

3. The water-cooled grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pivot header is an intermediate header, and the water-cooled grate also has an upper end header and a lower end header located at the upper and lower ends of the grate. The intermediate header is connected to the upper end header and the lower end header by means of a heat exchange tube bundle.

4. The water-cooled grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pivot manifold is an end manifold, and the water-cooled grate also has another end manifold opposite to the pivot manifold, and the two end manifolds are connected by means of a heat exchange tube bundle.

5. The water-cooled grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: A partition is provided inside the pivot coupling, and the partition divides the internal space of the pivot coupling into a left section and a right section. The left section defines the water inlet, and the right section defines the water outlet. Therefore, when water enters the left section of the pivot coupling from the water inlet of the pivot coupling, it will flow to the left area of ​​the end coupling due to the obstruction of the partition, and then enter the right section of the pivot coupling from the right area of ​​the end coupling, and flow out from the water outlet of the pivot coupling.

6. The water-cooled grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of partitions are arranged in the pivot coupling box, and the plurality of partitions divide the internal space of the pivot coupling box into a plurality of sections, wherein the plurality of sections include a left section defining the water inlet and a right section defining the water outlet. Each of the end headers is provided with at least one partition, and the partition divides the internal space of the corresponding end header into a plurality of sections, wherein the number of partitions of each of the end headers is one less than the number of partitions of the pivot header, thereby the number of sections of each of the end headers is one less than the number of sections of the pivot header, A heat exchange tube bundle is connected between each section of the pivot manifold and the corresponding section of each of the end manifolds, so that when water flows in the pivot manifold and the end manifolds, it changes direction due to the partition, thereby flowing in a serpentine shape between the pivot manifold and each end manifold, and finally flows out from the water outlet of the pivot manifold.

7. The water-cooled grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube bundle includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged side by side, ribs are welded between the heat exchange tubes, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed on the ribs, and the ribs are offset toward a side of the heat exchange tubes contacting the fuel relative to a plane defined by a central axis of each heat exchange tube.

8. The water-cooled grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube bundle comprises a plurality of light tubes arranged side by side and a plurality of spaced apart transverse elongated plates which are transverse to the light tubes and welded to the light tubes in sequence from top to bottom.

9. The water-cooled grate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first side of each slender plate member engaged with the light pipe has a plurality of notches, and the position and shape of each notch match the light pipe, so that the slender plate member is welded to the light pipe when each notch is engaged with each light pipe; the second side of the slender plate member opposite to the first side is basically straight; the slender plate members are generally parallel to each other and are oriented to be inclined toward the lower end of the grate relative to the direction perpendicular to the light pipe.

10. The water-cooled grate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elongated plate is formed with ventilation holes.

11. A boiler having a furnace surrounded by a front arch water-cooled wall, a rear arch water-cooled wall and two side wall water-cooled walls, characterized in that: The furnace is provided with a water-cooled grate as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the two ends of the pivotal junction box of the water-cooled grate respectively extend to the outside of the two side wall water-cooled walls and are rotatably supported by support members, and the pivotal junction box is provided with a water inlet assembly and a water outlet assembly around the water inlet and the water outlet, respectively.

12. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The support member comprises a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing engaged with the pivot coupling box, the sliding bearing or the rolling bearing is supported by a support, and the support is connected to the boiler water-cooled wall as a whole.

13. The boiler according to claim 12, characterized in that The support is a cover-shaped member connected to the water-cooled wall around the pivot coupling, and has a heat-insulating sealing filler inside. The support is used as a flue gas seal to prevent the flue gas in the furnace from overflowing. There is a predetermined radial gap and axial gap between the support and the pivot coupling to compensate for thermal expansion.

14. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The water inlet assembly includes a cup-shaped member arranged around the water inlet of the pivot coupling and an end cover connected to the cup-shaped member as an integral whole. The cup-shaped member includes a main body and a cup bottom. The inner diameter of the main body is larger than the outer diameter of the pivot coupling, thereby forming an annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the main body and the outer peripheral surface of the pivot coupling. A first sealing ring is arranged in the annular space. The sealing ring is sealed against the inner peripheral surface of the main body, the pivot coupling and the cup bottom. The main body is sealed against the end cover at the end opposite to the cup bottom, wherein the sealing ring is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the main body, the pivot coupling and the cup bottom in the annular space. The end cover, the inner circumferential surface of the main body and the pivot coupling are provided with a second sealing ring; wherein a light hole is provided at the center of the end cover, and a threaded blind hole is provided on the end face of the pivot coupling, through which a positioning screw passes and is screwed into the blind hole on the end face of the pivot coupling, thereby serving as a stopper for the water inlet assembly, so that the water inlet assembly can only move between the head of the positioning screw and the end face of the pivot coupling; and, a water inlet pipe joint part suitable for connecting to a water inlet pipe is formed on the side wall of the main body, and the water inlet pipe joint part has a water inlet passage connected to the annular space of the cup-shaped member.

15. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The water outlet assembly includes a cup-shaped member arranged around the water outlet of the pivot coupling and an end cover connected to the cup-shaped member as an integral whole. The cup-shaped member includes a main body and a cup bottom. The inner diameter of the main body is larger than the outer diameter of the pivot coupling, thereby forming an annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the main body and the outer peripheral surface of the pivot coupling. A first sealing ring is arranged in the annular space. The sealing ring is sealed against the inner peripheral surface of the main body, the pivot coupling and the cup bottom. The main body is sealed against the end cover at the end opposite to the cup bottom. The end cover, the inner circumferential surface of the main body and the pivot coupling are provided with a second sealing ring; wherein a light hole is provided at the center of the end cover, and a threaded blind hole is provided on the end face of the pivot coupling, through which a positioning screw passes and is screwed into the blind hole on the end face of the pivot coupling, thereby serving as a stopper for the water outlet assembly, so that the water outlet assembly can only move between the head of the positioning screw and the end face of the pivot coupling; and, a water outlet pipe joint part suitable for connecting to a water outlet pipe is formed on the side wall of the main body, and the water outlet pipe joint part has a water outlet passage connected to the annular space of the cup-shaped member.

16. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The water inlet assembly and the water outlet assembly are hoses or hose connectors which are sleeved and fixed on the ends of the pivot coupling box.

17. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The pivot coupling is of split design, including a main section whose axial length is close to the distance between the water-cooled walls on both sides and an end section separated from the main section. The end section can be welded to the main section of the pivot coupling to form the entire pivot coupling.

18. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that An axial stop is provided on the pivot coupling box to limit the lateral movement of the water-cooled grate in the furnace.

19. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The pivot coupling is provided with a power receiving member, which is suitable for receiving the driving force of the driving mechanism to rotate the pivot coupling, thereby driving the grate to rotate, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the grate; the power receiving member is integrated with the pivot coupling at least when rotating.

20. The boiler according to claim 19, characterized in that The power receiving member is a swing arm or a sprocket or a gear or a pulley.

21. The boiler according to claim 19, characterized in that The power receiving member is connected to the pivot coupling box through a key connection.

22. The boiler according to claim 19, characterized in that A plurality of water-cooling grates are arranged in the boiler, and the water-cooling grates are independent of each other or at least partially linked.

23. The boiler according to claim 22, characterized in that The linkage is achieved through a connecting rod mechanism, a belt pulley transmission mechanism, a sprocket transmission mechanism, or a gear transmission mechanism between the multiple water-cooled grates.

24. The boiler according to claim 22, characterized in that The front arch water-cooled fireplace row is linked, and the rear arch water-cooled fireplace row is independently linked with the front arch water-cooled fireplace row.

25. The boiler according to claim 11, characterized in that The front arch water-cooled wall and the rear arch water-cooled wall are bent into the furnace near the upper end of each grate to form a roughly V-shaped protrusion, and the upper end of each water-cooled grate is located below the V-shaped protrusion, so that the upper half of the V-shaped protrusion blocks the gap between the upper end of the water-cooled grate and the corresponding water-cooled wall, and a space for the upper end of the water-cooled grate to swing is formed between the lower half of the V-shaped protrusion and the corresponding front arch water-cooled wall or the rear arch water-cooled wall.

26. The boiler according to claim 25, characterized in that The most upstream water-cooled grate is the feed grate, which extends through the feed opening on the front arch water-cooled wall to the feed box outside the boiler and is located below the feed hopper, so that the fuel fed from the feed hopper falls directly onto the most upstream water-cooled grate and slides down along it; Sealing devices are provided on the top and bottom sides of the most upstream water-cooled grate to reduce air leakage in the furnace.

27. The boiler according to claim 26, characterized in that A gate lifting device is arranged between the feed hopper and the front arch water-cooled wall, and the device includes a gate that can move up and down in a vertical direction and a gate driving member. The gate is suitable for moving between a first position and a second position under the action of the driving device, wherein, in the first position, the gate abuts against the upper surface of the most upstream water-cooled grate; in the second position, the gate is separated from the upper surface of the most upstream water-cooled grate by a predetermined distance.

28. The boiler according to claim 27, characterized in that In the first position, the gate plate abuts against the pivot header of the most upstream water-cooled grate.

29. The boiler according to claim 26, characterized in that A movable sealing device is provided between the bottom side of the most upstream water-cooled grate and the feed box.

30. The boiler according to claim 29, characterized in that The movable sealing device includes a roughly arc-shaped sealing plate extending from the bottom side of the most upstream water-cooled grate, basically centered on the axis of the pivot coupling box, and a sealing groove located on the feed box, in which sand is arranged; the sealing plate is inserted into the sand in the sealing groove to achieve sand sealing.

31. The boiler according to claim 19, characterized in that The water-cooled grate can be used as a vibrating grate.

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