Gear selecting and shifting control device for compact harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of harvesting machinery, in particular to a compact type gear selecting and shifting control device for a harvester. The gearbox comprises the following components: a gearbox body which comprises a shifting fork shaft I and a shifting fork shaft II; the electric gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting stepping motor and a gear shifting lead screw, and a gear shifting block is installed on the gear shifting lead screw; the electric gear selecting mechanism comprises a gear selecting stepping motor and a gear selecting lead screw, a gear selecting shifting block is installed on the gear selecting lead screw, and the gear selecting shifting block downwards penetrates through a protrusion on the gear shifting shifting block of the supporting base to be matched with the protrusion; the unloading electromagnetic valve controls the oil pressure to enable the pressure driving mechanism to act, so that the pressures of the port A and the port B of the constant displacement motor are consistent; and the electric gear shifting mechanism, the electric gear selecting mechanism and the unloading electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with a gear shifting button in a cab through a controller. The structure of the electric gear selecting and shifting mechanism is improved, a more compact three-dimensional structure is provided, one-key electric gear shifting of the harvesting machine is achieved, and operation efficiency and driving comfort are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of harvesting machinery, in particular to a compact gear selection and shifting control device for a harvester. Background Art

[0002] Traditional harvesting machinery generally relies on manual shifting mechanisms. This operation mode is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also reduces the operating efficiency and significantly affects the comfort of the driver. With the continuous progress of electrification and intelligent technology in the field of agricultural equipment, the development of efficient and convenient electric shifting mechanisms has become a key trend to promote the performance upgrade of agricultural machinery. In this context, technicians in this field are committed to solving the limitations of the existing manual shifting mechanism. One of the representative achievements is the tractor combined mechanical gearbox automatic shifting device and system disclosed in Chinese patent CN112815081A. The patent focuses on the automatic shifting control of the mechanical gearbox through the combination of electronic control technology and DC brushed motor, marking an important step towards automated shifting. However, although the above technical solution has achieved initial results in the field of automatic shifting, there is still room for improvement. Specifically, its structural design is still loose and fails to achieve ideal compactness, which limits the optimization of the overall layout. In addition, the solution still has shortcomings in realizing the convenience of one-button electric shifting, and the success rate of one-button shifting needs to be improved to better meet the urgent needs of agricultural production for efficient and precise shifting. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester includes the following components:

[0006] The gearbox body includes a shift fork shaft I and a shift fork shaft II, wherein: the bottom of the shift fork shaft I is connected with a shift fork I, and the shift fork I is used to control the gear positions of the first gear and the second gear; the bottom of the shift fork shaft II is connected with a shift fork II, and the shift fork II is used to control the gear positions of the third gear and the fourth gear;

[0007] The electric shift mechanism is longitudinally mounted on the surface of the gearbox body, and includes a shift stepper motor and a shift lead screw. The shift lead screw is mounted with a shift head, and the shift head matches the grooves on the shift fork shaft I and the shift fork shaft II. The shift stepper motor controls the position of the shift head by driving the shift lead screw to rotate forward and reverse, thereby controlling the shift fork shaft I and the shift fork shaft II to reach the corresponding gear position.

[0008] The electric gear selection mechanism is installed horizontally and vertically above the electric gear shift mechanism, and includes a gear selection stepping motor and a gear selection lead screw. A gear selection shifting block is installed on the gear selection lead screw, and the gear selection shifting block passes downward through the protrusion on the gear shifting head of the support seat to cooperate; the gear selection stepping motor controls the direction and position of the gear selection shifting head by driving the gear selection lead screw to rotate forward and reverse;

[0009] The unloading solenoid valve is installed longitudinally on the surface of the gearbox body. The unloading solenoid valve controls the oil pressure to activate the pressure drive mechanism, so that the pressure at the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor are consistent;

[0010] Among them, the electric shift mechanism, the electric gear selection mechanism, and the unloading solenoid valve are respectively connected to the shift button in the driver's cab through the controller.

[0011] This technical solution improves the structure of the electric shifting mechanism, provides a more compact three-dimensional structure, realizes one-touch electric shifting of harvesting machinery, and improves work efficiency and driving comfort. Specifically, the electric shifting mechanism is used to switch specific gears under a given gear selection position; and the electric gear selection mechanism is responsible for selecting between different gear areas; the longitudinally arranged electric shifting mechanism and unloading solenoid valve are convenient for direct connection with the gearbox body, while the transversely arranged electric gear selection mechanism is more convenient for selecting gears in different gear areas; during the gear shifting process, the unloading solenoid valve controls the pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor to be the same, thereby realizing the unloading or balancing of the hydraulic system, creating no-load or low-load conditions for the gear shifting operation, and reducing the gear shifting shock and wear. When the driver presses the shift button, the controller receives the instruction and first balances the hydraulic system by controlling the unloading solenoid valve, then controls the electric shift mechanism and the electric gear selector mechanism to move to the neutral position according to the preset trajectory and prepare to enter the new gear; during the gear shifting process, the electric shift mechanism controls the switching of the transmission mechanism inside the gearbox, while the electric gear selector mechanism ensures that the shift mechanism can accurately stay in the correct gear area; the proximity switch continuously detects the gear position, and once it detects that the gear is in place, it sends a feedback signal to the controller and lights up the indicator light to complete the entire gear shifting process.

[0012] In addition, the compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to the utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0013] According to one embodiment of the utility model, a proximity switch is installed on the side of the electric shift mechanism, and the proximity switch includes a proximity sensor and an indicator light. The proximity sensor is installed on the side wall of the support seat and extends into the shift head to detect the shift position of the shift head; when the shift head reaches the gear position, the corresponding indicator light is on; when the shift head is in the neutral position, the indicator light is off.

[0014] In the present technical solution, common proximity sensors include inductive, capacitive, Hall effect, etc. When the proximity sensor detects that the shift knob reaches the gear position, it will output a high or low level signal, and the controller will control the on and off of the indicator light according to the received signal; if there are multiple gears, multiple indicator lights and corresponding control circuits are required to represent different gear positions respectively.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the signal of the shift button is transmitted to the unloading solenoid valve through the controller, and the unloading solenoid valve controls the pressure of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor to be the same; the controller controls the electric shift mechanism and the electric gear selection mechanism to run to the neutral position, and pushes the gearbox body to reach the corresponding gear position.

[0016] In this technical solution, as the flow direction of the hydraulic oil changes, the oil pressure originally acting on the A and B ports of the quantitative motor begins to decrease. Due to the action of the unloading solenoid valve, the oil pressure of these two ports begins to decrease almost at the same time, and due to the characteristics of the hydraulic system, the oil pressure of these two ports will quickly converge; when the oil pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor reaches the same, the pressure difference inside the quantitative motor disappears, thereby achieving pressure balance.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the shift stepper motor is arranged on the side of the support seat through the shift bearing and is fixed by the shift nut; the shift screw is connected to the shift stepper motor and passes through the interior of the support seat longitudinally, and a shift shaft sleeve is arranged between the shift screw and the support seat.

[0018] In this technical solution, the shift bearing is arranged between the shift stepper motor and the support seat, and is used to maintain a stable axial position of the shift stepper motor during rotation, while reducing friction and wear; the shift nut is used to fix the shift stepper motor on the support seat, ensuring that the shift stepper motor will not loosen or shift during operation; the shift shaft sleeve is arranged between the shift screw and the support seat, and plays a guiding and lubricating role.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the gear selection stepping motor is arranged on the side of the support seat through the gear selection bearing, the gear selection screw is connected to the gear selection stepping motor and is laterally arranged on the top of the support seat, and is fixed by the gear selection nut.

[0020] In this technical solution, the gear selection screw converts the rotational motion of the stepper motor into linear motion; the gear selection bearing is arranged between the gear selection stepper motor and the support seat to maintain a stable axial position during rotation while reducing friction and wear; the gear selection nut is used to fix the gear selection screw on the support seat.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the shift button is connected to the controller via a CAN bus.

[0022] In this technical solution, the shift button uses the CAN bus to share the shift and whole machine information, display the gear position and vehicle speed, and intelligently match the shift timing; a driving protection is set to prevent accidental shifting to ensure safety; in an emergency, the manual mode can quickly switch to neutral and various gears.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The structure of the electric shift mechanism is improved to provide a more compact three-dimensional structure, so as to realize one-touch electric shifting of harvesting machinery and improve working efficiency and driving comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is one of the cross-sectional views of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is the second sectional view of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 It is an electrical connection principle diagram of the utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 1. gearbox body; 11. shift fork shaft Ⅰ; 12. shift fork Ⅰ; 13. shift fork shaft Ⅱ; 14. shift fork Ⅱ; 2. electric shift mechanism; 21. shift stepper motor; 22. shift bearing; 23. shift screw; 24. shift nut; 25. support seat; 26. shift shaft sleeve; 27. shift dial head; 3. electric gear selection mechanism; 31. gear selection stepper motor; 32. gear selection bearing; 33. gear selection screw; 34. gear selection block; 35. gear selection nut; 4. unloading solenoid valve; 5. proximity switch; 6. controller; 7. shift button; 8. quantitative motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a compact gear selection and shifting control device for a harvester, comprising the following components:

[0034] The gearbox body 1 includes a fork shaft I11 and a fork shaft II13, wherein: the bottom of the fork shaft I11 is connected with a shift fork I12, and the shift fork I12 is used to control the gear positions of the first gear and the second gear; the bottom of the fork shaft II13 is connected with a shift fork II14, and the shift fork II14 is used to control the gear positions of the third gear and the fourth gear;

[0035] The electric shift mechanism 2 is longitudinally mounted on the surface of the gearbox body 1, and includes a shift stepping motor 21 and a shift lead screw 23. The shift lead screw 23 is mounted with a shift head 27, and the shift head 27 matches with the grooves on the fork shaft I 11 and the fork shaft II 13. The shift stepping motor 21 controls the position of the shift head 27 by driving the shift lead screw 23 to rotate forward and reverse, thereby controlling the fork shaft I 11 and the fork shaft II 13 to reach the corresponding gear position.

[0036] The electric gear selection mechanism 3 is installed horizontally and vertically above the electric gear shift mechanism 2, and includes a gear selection stepping motor 31 and a gear selection lead screw 33. A gear selection shifting block 34 is installed on the gear selection lead screw 33. The gear selection shifting block 34 passes downward through the protrusion on the support seat 25 and matches with the gear shifting head 27. The gear selection stepping motor 31 controls the direction and position of the gear selection shifting head by driving the gear selection lead screw 33 to rotate forward and reversely.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the unloading solenoid valve 4 is longitudinally mounted on the surface of the gearbox body 1. The unloading solenoid valve 4 controls the oil pressure to activate the pressure driving mechanism, thereby making the pressures at the A and B ports of the quantitative motor 8 consistent;

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the electric shift mechanism 2, the electric gear selection mechanism 3, and the unloading solenoid valve 4 are respectively connected to the shift button 7 in the driver's cab through the controller 6.

[0039] This technical solution improves the structure of the electric shifting mechanism, provides a more compact three-dimensional structure, realizes one-touch electric shifting of harvesting machinery, and improves work efficiency and driving comfort. Specifically, the electric shifting mechanism 2 is used to switch specific gears at a given gear selection position; and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 is responsible for selecting between different gear areas; the longitudinally arranged electric shifting mechanism 2 and the unloading solenoid valve 4 are convenient for direct connection with the gearbox body 1, while the transversely arranged electric gear selection mechanism 3 is more convenient for selecting gears in different gear areas; during the gear shifting process, the unloading solenoid valve 4 controls the pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor 8 to be the same, thereby realizing the unloading or balancing of the hydraulic system, creating no-load or low-load conditions for the gear shifting operation, and reducing the gear shifting shock and wear. When the driver presses the shift button 7, the controller 6 receives the instruction and firstly realizes the balance of the hydraulic system by controlling the unloading solenoid valve 4, and then controls the electric shift mechanism 2 and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 to move to the neutral position according to the preset trajectory and prepare to enter the new gear; during the gear shifting process, the electric shift mechanism 2 controls the switching of the transmission mechanism inside the gearbox, and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 ensures that the shift mechanism can accurately stay in the correct gear area; the proximity switch 5 continuously detects the gear position, and once it detects that the gear is in place, it sends a feedback signal to the controller 6 and lights up the indicator light to complete the entire gear shifting process.

[0040] In addition, the compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to the utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0041] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a proximity switch 5 is installed on the side of the electric shift mechanism 2, and the proximity switch 5 includes a proximity sensor and an indicator light. The proximity sensor is installed on the side wall of the support seat 25 and extends into the shift head 27 to detect the shift position of the shift head 27; when the shift head 27 reaches the gear position, the corresponding indicator light is on; when the shift head 27 is in the neutral position, the indicator light is off.

[0042] In the present technical solution, common proximity sensors include inductive, capacitive, Hall effect, etc. When the proximity sensor detects that the shift knob 27 reaches the gear position, it will output a high level or low level signal, and the controller 6 controls the on and off of the indicator light according to the received signal; there are multiple gears, and multiple indicator lights and corresponding control circuits are required to represent different gear positions respectively.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the signal of the shift button 7 is transmitted to the unloading solenoid valve 4 through the controller 6, and the unloading solenoid valve 4 controls the pressure of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor 8 to be the same; the controller 6 controls the electric shift mechanism 2 and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 to run to the neutral position, and pushes the gearbox body 1 to reach the corresponding gear position.

[0044] In this technical solution, as the flow direction of the hydraulic oil changes, the oil pressure originally acting on the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor 8 begins to decrease. Due to the action of the unloading solenoid valve 4, the oil pressure of these two ports begins to decrease almost at the same time, and due to the characteristics of the hydraulic system, the oil pressure of these two ports will quickly converge to the same; when the oil pressure of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor 8 reaches the same, the pressure difference inside the quantitative motor 8 disappears, thereby achieving pressure balance.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the shift stepper motor 21 is arranged on the side of the support seat 25 through the shift bearing 22 and is fixed by the shift nut 24; the shift screw 23 is connected to the shift stepper motor 21 and passes longitudinally through the inside of the support seat 25, and a shift shaft sleeve 26 is arranged between the shift screw 23 and the support seat 25.

[0046] In the present technical solution, the shift bearing 22 is arranged between the shift stepper motor 21 and the support seat 25, and is used to maintain a stable axial position of the shift stepper motor 21 during rotation, while reducing friction and wear; the shift nut 24 is used to fix the shift stepper motor 21 on the support seat 25, ensuring that the shift stepper motor 21 will not loosen or shift during operation; the shift shaft sleeve 26 is arranged between the shift screw 23 and the support seat 25, and plays a guiding and lubricating role.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the gear selection stepper motor 31 is arranged on the side of the support seat 25 through the gear selection bearing 32, the gear selection screw 33 is connected to the gear selection stepper motor 31 and is laterally arranged on the top of the support seat 25, and is fixed by the gear selection nut 35.

[0048] In this technical solution, the gear selection screw 33 converts the rotational motion of the stepper motor into linear motion; the gear selection bearing 32 is arranged between the gear selection stepper motor 31 and the support seat 25 to maintain a stable axial position during rotation while reducing friction and wear; the gear selection nut 35 is used to fix the gear selection screw 33 on the support seat 25.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the shift button 7 is connected to the controller 6 via a CAN bus.

[0050] In this technical solution, the shift button 7 uses the CAN bus to share the shift and whole machine information, display the gear position and vehicle speed, and intelligently match the shift timing; a driving protection is set to prevent accidental shifting to ensure safety; in an emergency, the manual mode can quickly switch to neutral and various gears.

[0051] The usage process of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0052] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the utility model realizes efficient and accurate shifting operation through the coordinated work of a highly integrated electric mechanism and a hydraulic system. The electric shift mechanism 2 and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 are responsible for specific gear switching and gear area selection respectively. With the cooperation of the two, the driver can easily complete the gear shift through the shift button 7. During the gear shifting process, the unloading solenoid valve 4 first balances the pressure of the hydraulic system to reduce the gear shifting shock, and then the electric mechanism moves to the target gear according to the preset trajectory. The proximity switch 5 monitors the gear shift position in real time to ensure the accuracy of the gear shift, and feedbacks the gear status through the indicator light. In addition, the shift button 7 connected by the CAN bus not only improves the communication efficiency, but also enhances the safety of the system, providing the driver with a more convenient and comfortable control experience.

[0053] Although the utility model is described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the utility model is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the utility model, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the utility model, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the utility model / any person of ordinary skill in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the utility model, and they shall be within the scope of protection of the utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model shall be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester, characterized in that: Includes the following components: The gearbox body (1) comprises a shift fork shaft I (11) and a shift fork shaft II (13), wherein: the bottom of the shift fork shaft I (11) is connected to a shift fork I (12), and the shift fork I (12) is used to control the gear positions of the first gear and the second gear; the bottom of the shift fork shaft II (13) is connected to a shift fork II (14), and the shift fork II (14) is used to control the gear positions of the third gear and the fourth gear; The electric shift mechanism (2) is longitudinally mounted on the surface of the gearbox body (1), and comprises a shift stepping motor (21) and a shift lead screw (23). The shift lead screw (23) is mounted with a shift dial head (27), and the shift dial head (27) matches with grooves on the shift fork shaft I (11) and the shift fork shaft II (13). The shift stepping motor (21) controls the position of the shift dial head (27) by driving the shift lead screw (23) to rotate forward and reverse, thereby controlling the shift fork shaft I (11) and the shift fork shaft II (13) to reach corresponding gear positions. The electric gear selection mechanism (3) is installed vertically and transversely above the electric gear shift mechanism (2), and comprises a gear selection stepping motor (31) and a gear selection lead screw (33). A gear selection shifting block (34) is installed on the gear selection lead screw (33). The gear selection shifting block (34) passes downward through a protrusion on a gear shifting head (27) of a support seat (25) to cooperate with the protrusion. The gear selection stepping motor (31) controls the direction and position of the gear selection shifting head by driving the gear selection lead screw (33) to rotate forward and reverse. The unloading solenoid valve (4) is longitudinally mounted on the surface of the gearbox body (1). The unloading solenoid valve (4) controls the oil pressure to activate the pressure driving mechanism, thereby making the pressures at the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor (8) consistent; The electric shift mechanism (2), the electric gear selection mechanism (3) and the unloading solenoid valve (4) are respectively connected to a shift button (7) in the driver's cab via a controller (6).

2. The compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A proximity switch (5) is installed on the side of the electric shift mechanism (2), and the proximity switch (5) includes a proximity sensor and an indicator light. The proximity sensor is installed on the side wall of the support seat (25) and extends into the shift head (27) to detect the shift position of the shift head (27); when the shift head (27) reaches the gear position, the corresponding indicator light is on; when the shift head (27) is in the neutral position, the indicator light is off.

3. The compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal of the shift button (7) is transmitted to the unloading solenoid valve (4) through the controller (6), and the unloading solenoid valve (4) controls the pressures of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor (8) to be the same; the controller (6) controls the electric shift mechanism (2) and the electric gear selection mechanism (3) to run to the neutral position, and pushes the gearbox body (1) to reach the corresponding gear position.

4. The compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear-shifting stepper motor (21) is arranged on the side of the support seat (25) via a gear-shifting bearing (22) and is fixed via a gear-shifting nut (24); the gear-shifting lead screw (23) is connected to the gear-shifting stepper motor (21) and passes longitudinally through the interior of the support seat (25); a gear-shifting shaft sleeve (26) is arranged between the gear-shifting lead screw (23) and the support seat (25).

5. The compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear selection stepping motor (31) is arranged on the side of the support seat (25) through the gear selection bearing (32), and the gear selection lead screw (33) is connected to the gear selection stepping motor (31) and is transversely arranged on the top of the support seat (25) and is fixed by the gear selection nut (35).

6. The compact gear selection and shift control device for a harvester according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The shift button (7) is connected to the controller (6) via a CAN bus.

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