Differential valve

Abstract

The differential valve is characterized in that an inlet (11) and a pre-cooling port (12) are respectively arranged at two ends of a valve body (10), and an outlet (13) is arranged on one side of the valve body (10); a cylindrical valve element (14) which slides along the valve body (10) in a sealing mode is arranged in the valve body (10), and an inner cavity of the valve body (10) is divided into a first cavity (15) communicated with the outlet (13) and a second cavity (16) communicated with the pre-cooling opening (12). A flow guide disc (17); a top tray (19); whether the cylindrical valve element (14) slides along the valve body (10) or not is controlled through the pressure difference of a medium, so that the flow guide disc (17) isolates the inlet (11) from the first cavity (15) or the second cavity (16), switching of medium channels in the valve body (10) can be achieved only according to the pressure of the medium at the inlet (11), external force driving is not needed, and the structure is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to a differential valve. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of commercial aerospace, liquid rocket engines with simple structure and low cost are the current research hotspots. Valves are very important actuators of liquid rocket engines, among which two-position three-way stop valves are the control components of the delivery system, with the functions of regulation, diversion, stop and backflow prevention. In particular, low-temperature two-position three-way stop valves have good application prospects in the aerospace field.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with application number CN202211185951.1 discloses a two-position three-way valve and a rocket engine, wherein the movable part of the cylindrical valve core is moved by a driving mechanism composed of a cylinder and a piston, so that the movable part drives the sealing conversion part of the cylindrical valve core to move between a first position of blocking the outlet and releasing the first connection port and a second position of blocking the first connection port and releasing the outlet, thereby allowing the medium to flow out from the leakage port or the outlet. The cylindrical valve core of the above scheme is driven by a cylinder and a piston to realize the opening and closing of the cylindrical valve core, but due to the presence of an air control circuit, it is necessary to increase the pipeline and the corresponding high-pressure gas cylinder, resulting in a complex structure, increased mass, and reduced thrust-to-weight ratio of the engine. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the cylindrical valve core of the existing two-position three-way valve is driven by a cylinder and a piston to realize the opening and closing of the cylindrical valve core, but due to the air control circuit, it is necessary to increase the pipeline and the corresponding high-pressure gas cylinder, which makes the structure complicated, increases the mass, and reduces the thrust-to-weight ratio of the engine.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a differential valve, wherein an inlet and a precooling port are respectively arranged at both ends of the valve body, and an outlet is arranged on one side of the valve body; a cylindrical valve core is arranged in the valve body and slides along the sealing, and the inner cavity of the valve body is divided into a first chamber connected with the outlet and a second chamber connected with the precooling port;

[0006] The end of the cylindrical valve core close to the inlet is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is provided with a central through hole corresponding to the inlet, and the valve body is provided with a top plate, which is located in the cylindrical valve core and away from the guide plate;

[0007] The other end of the valve body is provided with an end seat, and the inlet is opened on the end seat;

[0008] A first sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the valve body, the inner side of the first sealing ring is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical valve core, and a first spring energy storage sealing ring and a first earless retaining ring are provided on both sides of the first sealing ring respectively;

[0009] When the low-pressure medium flows into the valve body from the inlet, the cylindrical valve core, under the action of the spring, causes the end surface of the guide plate close to the inlet to contact the inlet, so as to isolate the inlet from the first chamber, and the low-pressure medium flows into the second chamber through the central through hole;

[0010] When the high-pressure medium flows into the valve body from the inlet, the high-pressure medium acts on the end surface of the guide plate close to the inlet and overcomes the elastic force of the spring to make the cylindrical valve core slide toward the pre-cooling port, pressing the end surface of the guide plate away from the inlet against the top plate to isolate the inlet from the second chamber, and the high-pressure medium flows into the first chamber through the inlet.

[0011] The differential valve provided by the utility model also has the following technical features:

[0012] The valve body is also provided with a guide column passing through the central through hole, the guide column is slidingly and sealingly connected to the central through hole, one end of the guide column close to the inlet is provided with a guide hole connected to the inlet, and the end of the guide column away from the inlet is fixed to the top plate and is provided with a first side hole connected to the guide hole.

[0013] An end cover is provided at one end of the valve body, a precooling port is opened on the end cover, the end cover is connected to the top plate through a valve stem, and the end cover, the valve stem, the top plate and the guide column are integrally formed and arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve body.

[0014] The end cover and the valve stem are jointly provided with a connecting hole, and the valve stem is provided with a plurality of second side holes spaced apart along its circumference, the inner side of the second side hole is connected with the precooling port through the connecting hole, and the outer side of the second side hole is connected with the second chamber.

[0015] A spring is arranged between the end cover and the cylindrical valve core.

[0016] The first side hole is opened along the radial direction of the guide column, and a plurality of first side holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide column.

[0017] A first sealing ring is arranged on the end surface of the guide plate close to the inlet, and a first annular protrusion is correspondingly arranged on the end seat; a second annular protrusion is arranged on the end surface of the guide plate away from the inlet, and a second sealing ring is correspondingly arranged on the top plate.

[0018] A second sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the central through hole, the inner side of the second sealing ring is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the guide column, and a second spring energy storage sealing ring and a second earless retaining ring are respectively provided on both sides of the second sealing ring.

[0019] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the medium's own pressure difference is used to control whether the cylindrical valve core slides along the valve body, so that the guide plate isolates the inlet from the first chamber or the second chamber, so that the medium channel inside the valve body can be switched only according to the pressure of the medium at the inlet, without the need for external force driving, and the structure is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the differential valve of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle valve stem;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a middle cylindrical valve core;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The motion state change diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the differential valve of the utility model has an inlet 11 and a precooling port 12 at both ends of the valve body 10, and an outlet 13 at one side of the valve body 10; a cylindrical valve core 14 is provided in the valve body 10 for sealing and sliding along the valve body 10, and the inner cavity of the valve body 10 is divided into a first chamber 15 communicating with the outlet 13 and a second chamber 16 communicating with the precooling port 12;

[0027] The end of the cylindrical valve core 14 close to the inlet 11 is provided with a guide plate 17, and the guide plate 17 is provided with a central through hole 18 corresponding to the inlet 11. A top plate 19 is provided in the valve body 10, and the top plate 19 is located in the cylindrical valve core 14 and is arranged away from the guide plate 17;

[0028] An end seat 28 is provided at one end of the valve body 10, and the inlet 11 is opened on the end seat 28;

[0029] A first sealing ring 34 is provided on the inner wall of the valve body 10, the inner side of the first sealing ring 34 is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical valve core 14, and a first spring energy storage sealing ring 33 and a first earless retaining ring 35 are provided on both sides of the first sealing ring 34 respectively;

[0030] When the low-pressure medium flows into the valve body 10 from the inlet 11, the cylindrical valve core 14, under the action of the spring 20, causes the end surface of the guide plate 17 close to the inlet 11 to contact the inlet 11, so as to isolate the inlet 11 from the first chamber 15, and the low-pressure medium flows into the second chamber 16 through the central through hole 18;

[0031] When the high-pressure medium flows into the valve body 10 from the inlet 11, the high-pressure medium acts on the end surface of the guide plate 17 close to the inlet 11 and overcomes the elastic force of the spring 20 to make the cylindrical valve core 14 slide toward the pre-cooling port 12, and press the end surface of the guide plate 17 away from the inlet 11 against the top plate 19 to isolate the inlet 11 from the second chamber 16, and the high-pressure medium flows into the first chamber 15 through the inlet 11.

[0032] The medium's own pressure difference is used to control whether the cylindrical valve core 14 slides along the valve body 10, so that the guide plate 17 isolates the inlet 11 from the first chamber 15 or the second chamber 16, so that the medium channel inside the valve body 10 can be switched only according to the pressure of the medium at the inlet 11, without the need for external force driving, and the structure is simple; the inlet 11, the cylindrical valve core 14 and the pre-cooling port 12 are all arranged along the axial direction of the valve body 10, so that media with different pressures can flow in the valve body 10, the structure is compact, and it is easy to produce and process.

[0033] Among them, the diameter of the guide plate 17 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical valve core 14 to increase the volume of the second chamber 16 and facilitate the circulation of the medium; the diameter of the top plate 19 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical valve core 14 so that the interior of the cylindrical valve core 14 can be connected to the central through hole 18.

[0034] An output pipeline communicating with the first chamber 15 inside the valve body 10 is formed on one side thereof, and the outlet 13 is arranged on the output pipeline, and a mounting ear is arranged on the output pipeline.

[0035] Among them, the pre-cooling port 12 is used to pre-cool the engine product to a working state, prevent the cryogenic propellant from entering the product and causing gasification, and ensure the engine performance; after the valve is opened, the cryogenic propellant enters the thrust chamber through the outlet 13 to react with the fuel.

[0036] Preferably, the valve body 10 is further provided with a guide column 21 passing through the central through hole 18, the guide column 21 is slidably and sealingly connected to the central through hole 18, the end of the guide column 21 close to the inlet 11 is provided with a guide hole 22 connected to the inlet 11, and the end of the guide column 21 away from the inlet 11 is fixed to the top plate 19 and is provided with a first side hole 23 connected to the guide hole 22.

[0037] Further support is provided for the cylindrical valve core 14 to slide axially along the valve body 10 , while allowing the low-pressure medium to flow into the interior of the cylindrical valve core 14 gently and evenly.

[0038] Preferably, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 An end cover 24 is provided at one end of the valve body 10, and the pre-cooling port 12 is opened on the end cover 24. The end cover 24 is connected to the top plate 19 through the valve stem 25. The end cover 24, the valve stem 25, the top plate 19 and the guide column 21 are integrally formed and arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve body 10.

[0039] By providing the end cover 24, the valve stem 25, the top plate 19 and the guide column 21 which are integrally formed, the structure is compact and convenient for production and processing.

[0040] The end cover 24 is connected to the valve body 10 by bolts, and a conical metal gasket is provided between the end cover 24 and the valve body 10 to make the connection more secure.

[0041] Preferably, a connecting hole 26 is provided on the end cover 24 and the valve stem 25 , and a plurality of second side holes 27 are provided on the valve stem 25 at intervals along its circumference, the inner side of the second side hole 27 is connected to the pre-cooling port 12 through the connecting hole 26 , and the outer side of the second side hole 27 is connected to the second chamber 16 .

[0042] The flow path of the low-pressure medium is the inlet 11 , the guide hole 22 , the first side hole 23 , the interior of the cylindrical valve core 14 , the second chamber 16 , the second side hole 27 , the connecting hole 26 and the pre-cooling port 12 .

[0043] The second side hole 27 is disposed at the connection between the end cover 24 and the valve stem 25 , and the second side hole 27 is disposed obliquely from the valve stem 25 to the end cover 24 and from the outside to the inside.

[0044] Among them, a joint is provided at one end of the end cover 24 away from the inlet, and the pre-cooling port 12 is opened on the joint. The joint is also provided with a connecting hole to facilitate connection with other pipelines.

[0045] Preferably, a spring 20 is provided between the end cover 24 and the cylindrical valve core 14 .

[0046] Among them, the spring 20 is a compression spring, an annular step is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical valve core 14, and a boss is correspondingly provided at the end of the end cover 24 close to the inlet 11 for installing the spring 20; the size and pitch of the spring 20 should ensure that the second chamber 16 is always connected with the interior of the cylindrical valve core 14.

[0047] Preferably, the first side holes 23 are opened along the radial direction of the guide column 21 , and a plurality of first side holes 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide column 21 .

[0048] Preferably, an end seat 28 is provided at the other end of the valve body 10 , and the inlet 11 is opened on the end seat 28 .

[0049] The end seat 28 is connected to the valve body 10 by bolts, and a conical metal gasket is provided between the end seat 28 and the valve body 10 to make the connection more secure.

[0050] Preferably, see Figure 4 A first sealing ring 29 is provided on the end surface of the guide plate 17 close to the inlet 11, and a first annular protrusion 30 is correspondingly provided on the end seat 28; a second annular protrusion 31 is provided on the end surface of the guide plate 17 away from the inlet 11, and a second sealing ring 32 is correspondingly provided on the top plate 19.

[0051] The first sealing ring 29 abuts against the first annular protrusion 30 to isolate the inlet 11 from the first chamber 15 , and the second annular protrusion 31 abuts against the second sealing ring 32 to isolate the inlet 11 from the second chamber 16 to improve the sealing performance.

[0052] Preferably, a first spring energy storage sealing ring 33 , a first sealing retaining ring 34 , and a first earless retaining ring 35 are sequentially disposed on the inner wall of the valve body 10 .

[0053] The first sealing retaining ring 34 can realize the sealed sliding of the cylindrical valve core 14 along the inner wall of the valve body 10, and divide the inner cavity of the valve body 10 into a first chamber 15 and a second chamber 16; the first spring energy storage sealing ring 33 is composed of a polymer material sealing shell and a corrosion-resistant stainless steel metal spring. The stainless steel metal spring is compressed to form an outward tension, thereby cooperating with the first sealing retaining ring 34 to achieve better sealing of the low-temperature medium; the first earless retaining ring 35 limits the first spring energy storage sealing ring 33 and the first sealing retaining ring 34.

[0054] The first spring energy storage sealing ring 33 , the first sealing retaining ring 34 , and the first earless retaining ring 35 are arranged in two groups opposite to each other.

[0055] Preferably, a second sealing ring 37 is provided on the inner wall of the central through hole 18, the inner side of the second sealing ring 37 is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the guide column 21, and a second spring energy storage sealing ring 36 and a second earless retaining ring 38 are respectively provided on both sides of the second sealing ring 37.

[0056] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0057] When the low-pressure medium flows into the valve body 10 from the inlet 11, the cylindrical valve core 14, under the action of the spring 20, makes the right end surface of the guide plate 17 contact with the left end surface of the end seat 11, and the first sealing ring 29 contacts with the first annular protrusion 30 to isolate the inlet 11 from the first chamber 15. After the low-pressure medium flows in from the inlet 11, it enters the inside of the cylindrical valve core 14 along the guide hole 22 and the first side hole 23, enters the second chamber 16, and flows out from the pre-cooling port 12 along the second side hole 27 and the connecting hole 26. Figure 1 As shown;

[0058] When the high-pressure medium flows into the valve body 10 from the inlet 11, the high-pressure medium acts on the right end surface of the guide plate 17 and overcomes the elastic force of the spring 20 to make the cylindrical valve core 14 slide toward the pre-cooling port 12, pressing the left end surface of the guide plate 17 against the right end surface of the top plate 19, and the second annular protrusion 31 contacts the second sealing ring 32 to isolate the inlet 11 from the inside of the cylindrical valve core 14 and the second chamber 16. After the high-pressure medium flows in from the inlet 11, it flows out through the first chamber 15 to the outlet 13, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0059] The utility model utilizes the medium's own pressure difference to control whether the cylindrical valve core 14 slides along the valve body 10, so that the guide plate 17 isolates the inlet 11 from the first chamber 15 or the second chamber 16, thereby switching the medium channel inside the valve body 10 only according to the pressure of the medium at the inlet 11, without the need for external force driving, and has a simple structure.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A differential valve, characterized in that: An inlet (11) and a precooling port (12) are respectively provided at both ends of the valve body (10), and an outlet (13) is provided on one side of the valve body (10); a cylindrical valve core (14) is provided in the valve body (10) and slides along the valve body (10) in a sealing manner, and the inner cavity of the valve body (10) is divided into a first chamber (15) communicating with the outlet (13) and a second chamber (16) communicating with the precooling port (12); A guide plate (17) is provided at one end of the cylindrical valve core (14) close to the inlet (11), the guide plate (17) is provided with a central through hole (18) corresponding to the inlet (11), and a top plate (19) is provided in the valve body (10), the top plate (19) is located in the cylindrical valve core (14) and is arranged corresponding to the guide plate (17); An end seat (28) is provided at one end of the valve body (10), and the inlet (11) is opened on the end seat (28); A first sealing ring (34) is provided on the inner wall of the valve body (10), the inner side of the first sealing ring (34) is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical valve core (14), and a first spring energy storage sealing ring (33) and a first earless retaining ring (35) are provided on both sides of the first sealing ring (34); When the low-pressure medium flows into the valve body (10) from the inlet (11), the cylindrical valve core (14) causes the end surface of the guide plate (17) close to the inlet (11) to contact the inlet (11) under the action of the spring (20), so as to isolate the inlet (11) from the first chamber (15), and the low-pressure medium flows into the second chamber (16) through the central through hole (18); When the high-pressure medium flows into the valve body (10) from the inlet (11), the high-pressure medium acts on the end surface of the guide plate (17) close to the inlet (11) and overcomes the elastic force of the spring (20) to make the cylindrical valve core (14) slide toward the pre-cooling port (12), and press the end surface of the guide plate (17) away from the inlet (11) against the top plate (19), so as to isolate the inlet (11) from the second chamber (16), and the high-pressure medium flows into the first chamber (15) through the inlet (11).

2. The differential valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body (10) is further provided with a guide column (21) penetrating the central through hole (18), the guide column (21) being slidably and sealingly connected to the central through hole (18), one end of the guide column (21) close to the inlet (11) being provided with a guide hole (22) communicating with the inlet (11), and one end of the guide column (21) away from the inlet (11) being fixed to the top plate (19) and provided with a first side hole (23) communicating with the guide hole (22).

3. The differential valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the valve body (10) is provided with an end cover (24), the precooling port (12) is opened on the end cover (24), the end cover (24) is connected to the top plate (19) via the valve stem (25), and the end cover (24), the valve stem (25), the top plate (19) and the guide column (21) are integrally formed and are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve body (10).

4. The differential valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end cover (24) and the valve stem (25) are both provided with a connecting hole (26); the valve stem (25) is provided with a plurality of second side holes (27) spaced apart along its circumference; the inner side of the second side hole (27) is communicated with the precooling port (12) through the connecting hole (26); and the outer side of the second side hole (27) is communicated with the second chamber (16).

5. The differential valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring (20) is provided between the end cover (24) and the cylindrical valve core (14).

6. The differential valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first side hole (23) is opened along the radial direction of the guide column (21), and a plurality of first side holes (23) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide column (21).

7. The differential valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing ring (29) is provided on the end surface of the guide plate (17) close to the inlet (11), and a first annular protrusion (30) is correspondingly provided on the end seat (28); a second annular protrusion (31) is provided on the end surface of the guide plate (17) away from the inlet (11), and a second sealing ring (32) is correspondingly provided on the top plate (19).

8. The differential valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second sealing ring (37) is provided on the inner wall of the central through hole (18), the inner side of the second sealing ring (37) is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the guide column (21), and a second spring energy storage sealing ring (36) and a second earless retaining ring (38) are provided on both sides of the second sealing ring (37), respectively.

Images