Automatic deviation adjusting device for conveying belt

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of material conveying, in particular to an automatic deviation adjusting device for a conveying belt, which comprises a rack which is horizontally arranged and is used for bearing the conveying belt, the pressure detection unit comprises two rows of pressure detectors which are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the conveying belt; the double-row inclined conveying rollers are symmetrically mounted on the rack through supports with rotation dampers and are attached to the lower surface of the conveying belt; the adjustable supporting assembly comprises an ejector block arranged on the conveying rollers in a sliding mode. The control unit is electrically connected with the pressure detection unit and comprises a comparison module and a signal output module; when the comparison module detects that pressure difference is generated on the two sides of the same position of the conveying belt, the signal output module sends driving signals to the adjustable supporting assemblies corresponding to the sides with the small pressure, and the ejector blocks are promoted to stretch out of the surfaces of the conveying rollers. The deviation adjusting device has the effect of solving the problem of lag of a deviation adjusting response mechanism of an existing deviation adjusting device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of material conveying, and particularly to an automatic belt deviation adjustment device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of material conveying, the conveyor belt, as the core transmission carrier, is applied to industries such as mines, ports, logistics, and manufacturing. With the improvement of industrial automation level, the conveying system tends to develop towards high speed and long distance, but its operation stability has been restricted by the problem of belt deviation for a long time. In the current industry, the mainstream anti-deviation means still mainly rely on mechanical limit devices and regular manual inspections, and some high-end equipment uses photoelectric sensors or ultrasonic detectors for deviation early warning.

[0003] Referring to the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN111994563B, the publication date of November 03, 2023, and the name of an automatic belt deviation adjustment device for a belt conveyor. Its core components include a roller assembly arranged below the idler bracket, an arc track fixed at a preset position of the conveyor, and a limit assembly for restricting the movement of the roller. When the conveyor belt deviates, the force exerted by the conveyor belt on the idler drives the roller to move along the arc track, and the deviation is corrected through the reverse force between the idler and the conveyor belt. This device realizes passive response through a pure mechanical structure, and its deviation correction process depends on the friction between the roller and the track and the restraint of the limit assembly, with the characteristics of simple structure and no need for external energy.

[0004] In the existing technical solutions, the deviation correction response lags behind the actual deviation of the conveyor belt. When the conveyor belt has an initial deviation due to uneven material distribution, the traditional device needs to wait for the deviation to accumulate to the trigger threshold before starting the deviation correction. During this period, the conveyor belt has undergone irreversible displacement. At the same time, the arc track with a fixed curvature and the rigid limit assembly make the deviation correction force and stroke fixed, and it is difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes of the conveyor belt tension and material accumulation form under different working conditions. This passive response mechanism is prone to deviation correction failure due to adjustment lag in high-speed, heavy-load, or scenarios with sudden changes in material distribution, and even exacerbates the wear of the conveyor belt edge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic belt deviation adjustment device, which is mainly used to solve the problem of the lag of the deviation adjustment response mechanism of the existing deviation adjustment device.

[0006] The automatic belt deviation adjustment device provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An automatic belt deviation rectifying device, comprising a frame horizontally arranged and used for carrying a conveyor belt, the automatic belt deviation rectifying device further comprising: a pressure detection unit, including two columns of pressure detectors symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the conveyor belt, and each column of pressure detectors is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt; a double-column inclined conveyor roller, symmetrically installed on the frame through a support with rotational damping, and attached to the lower surface of the conveyor belt, and each column of conveyor rollers is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt in each column of pressure detectors; an adjustable support assembly, including a top block slidably arranged on the conveyor roller; and a control unit, electrically connected to the pressure detection unit, including a comparison module and a signal output module; wherein, when the comparison module detects a pressure difference on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt, the signal output module sends a driving signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with smaller pressure, so as to prompt the top block to extend out of the surface of the conveyor roller.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure detection unit continuously monitors the pressure conditions on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt. The pressure detectors transmit the real-time pressure data to the comparison module of the control unit, and the comparison module analyzes the pressure data on both sides in real time. Once it detects that the pressure difference on both sides exceeds the normal range, the comparison module immediately transmits the signal to the signal output module. The signal output module sends an accurate driving signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with smaller pressure according to the direction and magnitude of the pressure difference.

[0008] After receiving the driving signal, the top block slides and extends on the conveyor roller, contacts the lower surface of the conveyor belt and forms a support. Due to the inclined setting of the conveyor roller and the reasonable layout of the top block, the conveyor belt deforms in a local area under the support of the top block, thereby correcting the deviation trend of the conveyor belt. During this process, the support with rotational damping ensures the stability of the conveyor roller, making the entire deviation rectifying process stable and accurate. As the conveyor belt continues to run, the pressure detection unit continuously feeds back the pressure data, and the control unit adjusts the extending state of the top block in real time, realizing the dynamic and continuous control of the deviation of the conveyor belt and ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt all the time.

[0009] Optionally, the top blocks are linearly arranged in 6-8 groups along the axial direction of the conveyor roller, the distance between adjacent top blocks is 5-10 times the thickness of the conveyor belt, the jacking surface of the top block is an arc surface matching the curvature of the outer surface of the conveyor roller, and the ratio of the curvature radius of the arc surface to the outer diameter of the conveyor roller is 0.95-1.05.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, through the linear array arrangement of multiple groups of top blocks along the axial direction of the conveying roller, combined with the spacing configuration proportional to the thickness of the conveyor belt, and the arc surface structure design with the lifting surface precisely matching the curvature of the outer surface of the conveying roller, a distributed stress compensation mechanism is formed, effectively eliminating the phenomenon of local stress concentration and realizing the balanced distribution of the transverse load of the conveyor belt. Through the dynamic deformation compensation under the collaborative action of multiple top blocks, the risk of secondary angular deviation caused by single-point lifting is suppressed, ensuring the coherence and direction consistency of the elastic deformation of the conveyor belt during the deviation correction process.

[0011] Optionally, the extension axis of the top block forms an angle of 35° - 55° with the axis of the conveying roller; a chamfer is provided on the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, by making the extension axis of the top block form a specific angle with the axis of the conveying roller and providing a chamfer on the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt, a precise and efficient conveyor belt deviation correction mechanism is constructed. The chamfer design on the top block promotes a surface contact form when the conveyor belt contacts the top block, effectively dispersing the contact stress and avoiding damage to the conveyor belt caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, the specific angle setting between the top block and the conveying roller, combined with the inclined arrangement of the conveying roller itself, enables the top block to apply a component force pointing towards the center direction of the conveyor belt to the conveyor belt by means of the inclined force of the conveying roller during the contact process. This ingenious mechanical structure design can correct the running trajectory of the conveyor belt in real time, effectively reducing the possibility of angular deviation of the conveyor belt, improving the stability and reliability of the conveyor belt operation, and ensuring the smooth progress of the material conveying process.

[0013] Optionally, the protruding height of the top blocks in the same group increases in a gradient of 0.5 - 1.2 mm along the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt, the top surface of the top block forms an inclination angle of 3° - 8° with the axis of the conveying roller, and the top surfaces of the top blocks in the same group are coplanar after all protruding out of the conveying roller.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the protruding height of the top blocks in the same group increases in a gradient along the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt, and the top surface forms a specific inclination angle with the axis of the conveying roller. At the same time, ensuring that the top surfaces of the top blocks in the same group are coplanar after protruding, a smooth and efficient conveyor belt deviation adjustment and guiding mechanism is constructed. This design enables the top surfaces of multiple top blocks to jointly form a continuous guiding surface with a specific slope. During the operation of the conveyor belt, a uniform and stable contact stress distribution is formed between this guiding surface and the surface of the conveyor belt. Through this uniform contact stress, a continuous and stable lateral force can be applied to the conveyor belt, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of conveyor belt jitter or sudden deviation caused by uneven local force, and thus significantly improving the smoothness and stability of the deviation adjustment function of the top block on the conveyor belt, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the running trajectory of the conveyor belt.

[0015] Optionally, the following relationship shall be satisfied between the inclination angle formed between the top surface of the top block and the axis of the conveying roller and the gradient increment: tanα = Δh / L; where α is the inclination angle, Δh is the gradient increment, and L is the axial length between two adjacent top blocks.

[0016] Optionally, 4 - 8 top blocks are provided in each group, and the number n of the top blocks is determined by the width W of the conveyor belt and shall meet the following requirements: when W ≤ 800 mm, n is 4 or 5; when 800 mm < W ≤ 1200 mm, n is 6 or 7; when W > 1200 mm, n is 8.

[0017] Optionally, the adjustable support assembly further includes: a hydraulic cavity penetrating axially along the conveying roller, the top block is in sealed sliding fit with the hydraulic cavity, the inner end of the top block is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity through a tension spring with adjustable pre - tightening force, and the pre - tightening force range of the tension spring is 50 - 200 N; a hydraulic oil passage provided at the end of the conveying roller, the hydraulic oil passage is connected to the signal output module and can receive the hydraulic oil conveyed by the hydraulic pump station under the control of the signal output module.

[0018] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, the unique structural design of the adjustable support assembly constructs a precise and reliable top - block driving and reset mechanism. The hydraulic cavity penetrating axially along the conveying roller provides a stable and sealed moving space for the top block, ensuring that the hydraulic oil can effectively act on the top block to achieve a smooth jacking - out action. The design of the sealed sliding fit ensures the sealing performance of the hydraulic system, avoids hydraulic oil leakage, and improves the working efficiency and stability of the system.

[0019] The tension spring with adjustable pre - tightening force is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity, endowing the top block with adjustable reset ability. Under different working conditions, the pre - tightening force of the tension spring can be adjusted according to actual needs to provide an appropriate pulling force for the reset of the top block. The hydraulic oil passage provided at the end of the conveying roller is closely connected to the signal output module, enabling the conveying of hydraulic oil to be precisely controlled by the signal output module. When it is necessary to jack out the top block, the signal output module precisely controls the hydraulic oil to flow into the hydraulic cavity to push the top block out smoothly; when it is necessary to retract the top block, the signal output module can precisely control the hydraulic oil to flow out, and the top block is smoothly retracted under the action of the pre - tightening force of the tension spring. This precisely controlled top - block driving and reset method effectively improves the response speed and action accuracy of the conveyor - belt automatic deviation - adjusting device, enhances the overall stability and reliability of the device, and provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the conveyor belt.

[0020] Optionally, the comparison module includes: two pressure rollers slidably arranged on both sides of the frame and located below the conveyor belt, the pressure rollers are in close contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt; a balance beam, the middle of which is hinged to the frame, and both ends are respectively connected to the two pressure rollers to form an equal - arm lever structure.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a precise pressure comparison and sensing mechanism is constructed by means of pressure rollers slidably arranged on both sides of the frame and closely attached to the lower surface of the conveyor belt, in cooperation with a balance beam hinged in the middle of the frame and forming an equal-arm lever structure. Under this structural layout, when the pressures on both sides of the conveyor belt are uneven, the pressure difference will be immediately transmitted to the pressure rollers and then act on the balance beam. Due to the characteristics of the equal-arm lever structure, the balance beam will rotate based on the pressure difference received by the pressure rollers on both sides, and this rotational behavior can accurately and intuitively reflect the magnitude relationship of the pressures on both sides at the same position of the conveyor belt, realizing an effective determination of the pressure magnitude. This design can not only sensitively capture the pressure changes of the conveyor belt, but also has high stability and durability based on a simple and reliable mechanical structure, providing a basis for subsequent deviation correction actions and strongly guaranteeing the accurate judgment and effective response of the conveyor belt automatic deviation correction device to the deviation condition of the conveyor belt.

[0022] Optionally, the signal output module includes: trigger push rods symmetrically fixed at both ends of the balance beam, and the installation position of the trigger push rods is between the two ends of the balance beam and the hinge point; two groups of micro-movement travel switches, each group including a normally open contact and a normally closed contact arranged at intervals; a solenoid valve, the valve body of which is connected to the hydraulic cavity on the other side through an oil circuit, and the control end of the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the normally open contact and the normally closed contact of the micro-movement travel switch; wherein, a wear-resistant head is provided at the trigger end of the trigger push rod, and the wear-resistant head forms a rolling fit with the contact part of the micro-movement travel switch.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, by symmetrically arranging trigger push rods at both ends of the balance beam and using their unique installation positions between the two ends of the balance beam and the hinge point, a precise mechanical trigger structure is ingeniously constructed. Two groups of micro-movement travel switches with normally open contacts and normally closed contacts arranged at intervals provide a reliable guarantee for the accurate capture and transmission of signals. The wear-resistant head at the trigger end of the trigger push rod forms a rolling fit with the contact part of the micro-movement travel switch, effectively reducing contact wear and improving the reliability of triggering and the durability of the device.

[0024] When there is a pressure difference between the two sides at the same position of the conveyor belt, the side with the greater pressure pushes the balance beam to rotate, driving the trigger push rod to move. The trigger push rod accurately triggers the travel switch, and the normally open contact and the normally closed contact work together to convert the mechanical action into an electrical signal, precisely controlling the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is connected to the hydraulic cavity on the other side through an oil circuit and controls the opening of the valve according to the signal, realizing precise oil supply to the hydraulic cavity on the other side. This structure realizes an efficient and precise conversion from pressure difference sensing to hydraulic control, ensuring rapid and stable adjustment when the conveyor belt pressure is uneven, effectively improving the response speed and control accuracy of the conveyor belt automatic deviation correction device, and guaranteeing the stable operation of the conveyor belt.

[0025] Optionally, the solenoid valve is a three-way proportional servo valve.

[0026] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By symmetrically arranging pressure detection units along the width direction of the conveyor belt to monitor the load distribution difference on both sides of the conveyor belt in real time, combined with the double-row inclined conveyor roller structure with belt rotation damping, when pressure imbalance is detected, the control unit drives the top block of the adjustable support assembly to perform dynamic deformation compensation on a local area of the conveyor belt, achieving early intervention and active suppression of the conveyor belt deviation trend; 2. By forming a specific angle between the extended axis of the top block and the axis of the conveyor roller, and setting a chamfer on the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt, a precise and efficient conveyor belt deviation correction mechanism is constructed. The chamfer design on the top block promotes a surface contact form when the conveyor belt contacts the top block, effectively dispersing the contact stress and avoiding damage to the conveyor belt caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, the specific angle setting between the top block and the conveyor roller, combined with the inclined arrangement of the conveyor roller itself, enables the top block to exert a component force pointing towards the center direction of the conveyor belt on the conveyor belt by means of the inclined force of the conveyor roller during the contact process. This ingenious mechanical structure design can correct the running trajectory of the conveyor belt in real time, effectively reducing the possibility of angular deviation of the conveyor belt, improving the stability and reliability of the conveyor belt operation, and ensuring the smooth progress of the material conveying process; 3. By slidably arranging pressure rollers on both sides of the frame and closely fitting them to the lower surface of the conveyor belt, and cooperating with a balance beam hinged in the middle of the frame to form an equal-arm lever structure, a precise pressure comparison and perception mechanism is constructed. Under this structural layout, when the pressures on both sides of the conveyor belt are uneven, the pressure difference will be immediately transmitted to the pressure rollers and then act on the balance beam. Due to the characteristics of the equal-arm lever structure, the balance beam will rotate based on the pressure difference between the pressure rollers on both sides, and this rotational behavior can accurately and intuitively reflect the magnitude relationship of the pressures on both sides of the conveyor belt at the same position, realizing effective determination of the pressure magnitude. This design can not only sensitively capture the pressure change of the conveyor belt, but also has high stability and durability based on a simple and reliable mechanical structure, providing a basis for subsequent deviation correction actions, and effectively guaranteeing the accurate judgment and effective response of the conveyor belt automatic deviation adjustment device to the deviation condition of the conveyor belt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the deviation adjustment device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the top block in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the tension spring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram showing the comparison module and the signal output module in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram showing the pressure roller and the balance beam in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram showing the trigger push rod and the solenoid valve in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram showing the top block and the hydraulic oil passage in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Pressure detection unit; 2. Conveyor roller; 3. Adjustable support assembly; 31. Top block; 32. Tension spring; 33. Hydraulic oil passage; 4. Control unit; 41. Comparison module; 411. Pressure roller; 412. Balance beam; 42. Signal output module; 421. Trigger push rod; 422. Solenoid valve; 100. Deviation adjustment device; 101. Frame; 102. Conveyor belt. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will combine the appended Figure 1 - appended Figure 7 , and clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a conveyor belt automatic deviation adjustment device.

[0031] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram when the deviation adjustment device 100 is installed on the frame 101. The frame 101 of the deviation adjustment device 100 can be set at a certain inclination angle. In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, the frame 101 is in a horizontally set state. The frame 101 adopts a box girder frame structure, and its top surface is provided with parallel double guide rails for installing the conveyor belt 102. The conveyor belt 102 is made of multi-layer composite rubber material, and a steel wire rope reinforcement layer is embedded therein. The drive system of the conveyor belt 102 is driven by a double-end synchronous servo motor. The output shaft of the double-end synchronous servo motor is connected to the driving roller through a flange coupling, and the driving roller is installed on the frame 101 through a bearing seat with a self-tensioning function. The deviation adjustment device 100 includes a pressure detection unit 1, a conveyor roller group, an adjustable support assembly 3 and a control unit 4. The conveyor roller group includes a double-row inclined conveyor roller 2 symmetrically distributed below the conveyor belt 102. Each group of conveyor rollers 2 is connected to the frame 101 through a hinge support with a rotation damping, and its axis forms an angle of 30° - 45° with the center line of the conveyor belt 102.

[0032] As an embodiment, the pressure detection unit 1 is composed of a piezoelectric film sensor array, and is embedded in the gap between the conveyor rollers 2 in two rows along the width direction of the conveyor belt 102, and the sensor surface is covered with a polyurethane protective layer. The top block 31 of the adjustable support assembly 3 slides with the conveyor roller 2 through a slide rail, and is driven to rise and fall by a hydraulic actuator. A pressure feedback sensor is provided at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic actuator. The control unit 4 integrates a CAN bus communication module, receives pressure data in real time, and generates a PWM control signal to drive the hydraulic proportional valve. During the operation of the conveyor belt 102, when the pressure detection unit 1 identifies a lateral pressure difference, the control unit 4 dynamically adjusts the extension amount of the top block 31, so that the top block 31 corresponding to the side with less pressure extends, and forms a progressive deformation compensation. At the same time, the damping characteristics of the inclined conveyor roller 2 suppress vibration transmission, ensuring the smoothness and stability of the deviation correction action.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the top blocks 31 are linearly arranged in 6-8 groups along the axial direction of the conveyor roller 2, the spacing between adjacent top blocks 31 is 5-10 times the thickness of the conveyor belt 102, the top surface of the top block 31 is an arc surface that matches the curvature of the outer surface of the conveyor roller 2, and the ratio of the curvature radius of the arc surface to the outer diameter of the conveyor roller 2 is 0.95-1.05. Among them, each group of top blocks 31 is set to 4-8, and the specific number of settings is determined by the width W of the conveyor belt 102 and meets the following requirements: When W≤800mm, n is 4 or 5; When 800mm <W≤1200mm时,n为6或7; When W>1200mm, n is 8.

[0034] By linearly arranging the top blocks 31 in a specific number along the axial direction of the conveyor roller 2, and reasonably setting the distance between adjacent top blocks 31, and making the top surface of the top block 31 an arc surface that matches the curvature of the outer surface of the conveyor roller 2, more uniform and effective support for the conveyor belt 102 is achieved. The layout of multiple groups of top blocks 31 effectively disperses the force on the conveyor belt 102, avoids local pressure concentration, and makes the conveyor belt 102 evenly stressed when passing through the area. This uniform support force can accurately counteract the imbalance of the force on the conveyor belt 102 caused by factors such as uneven material distribution, significantly reduce the probability of angle deviation of the conveyor belt 102, improve the stability and reliability of the operation of the conveyor belt 102, and ensure the smooth progress of the material transportation process.

[0035] The extension axis of the top block 31 forms an angle of 35° - 55° with the axis of the conveying roller 2. A chamfer is provided on the side wall of the top block 31 near the starting end of the conveyor belt 102. The synergistic effect of the geometric parameters of this chamfer and the axis angle causes the conveyor belt 102 to form a progressive surface contact along the chamfer slope when contacting the top block 31, guiding the direction of the contact stress distribution to deflect towards the central area of the conveyor belt 102. The initial contact at the chamfered part generates a controllable lateral component force, which converts the local deformation into a precisely directed rectifying moment through the damping support effect of the inclined conveying roller 2. While suppressing the lateral fluctuation of the conveyor belt 102, it optimizes the gradient distribution of the contact stress, avoids the risk of edge tearing caused by stress mutation, and ensures the elastic deformation coordination and direction stability during the rectifying process. At the same time, it reduces the possibility of the conveyor belt 102 generating lateral displacement.

[0036] The protruding height of the same group of top blocks 31 increases in a gradient of 0.5 - 1.2 mm along the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt 102. The top surface of the top block 31 forms an inclination angle of 3° - 8° with the axis of the conveying roller 2. The top surfaces of the same group of top blocks 31 are coplanar after all protruding from the conveying roller 2. It should be noted that the following relationship needs to be satisfied between the inclination angle formed between the top surface of the top block 31 and the axis of the conveying roller 2 and the gradient increment: tanα = Δh / L; where α is the inclination angle, Δh is the gradient increment, and L is the axial length between two adjacent top blocks 31.

[0037] The protruding height of the same group of top blocks 31 increases in a gradient along the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt 102, and the top surface forms a specific inclination angle with the axis of the conveying roller 2. At the same time, it is ensured that the top surfaces of the same group of top blocks 31 are coplanar after protruding, constructing a smooth and efficient conveyor belt alignment and guiding mechanism. This design enables the top surfaces of multiple top blocks 31 to jointly form a continuous guiding surface with a specific slope. During the operation of the conveyor belt 102, a uniform and stable contact stress distribution is formed between this guiding surface and the surface of the conveyor belt 102. Through this uniform contact stress, a continuous and stable lateral force can be applied to the conveyor belt 102, effectively avoiding the phenomena of jitter or sudden deviation of the conveyor belt 102 caused by uneven local stress. Furthermore, it significantly improves the smoothness and stability of the alignment function of the top block 31 on the conveyor belt 102, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the running track of the conveyor belt 102.

[0038] Refer to Figures 4 to 7 , as another implementation method, the driving of the top block 31 can adopt a mechanical linkage mechanism, and the function of the control unit 4 can also be realized by a mechanical structure, thus omitting some electronic control modules and making the operation process of the equipment more stable. Next, a detailed description will be given for the specific setting form of the top block 31, its driving method, and the mechanical control form of the control unit 4.

[0039] Specifically, the control unit 4 further includes a comparison module 41 and a signal output module 42. When the comparison module 41 detects a pressure difference on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt 102, the signal output module 42 sends a driving signal to the adjustable support assembly 3 corresponding to the side with the smaller pressure, prompting the top block 31 to extend out of the surface of the conveyor roller 2.

[0040] The adjustable support assembly 3 includes an axially penetrating hydraulic cavity and an integrated hydraulic oil passage 33. The top block 31 is connected to the hydraulic cavity in a sealed manner. Its inner end can be fixedly connected to the base of the hydraulic cavity through a pre-tension adjustable tension spring 32. The tension spring 32 can also be installed between two opposite top blocks 31 on the conveyor roller 2 (refer to Figure 3 ), and the preload tension range of the tension spring is 50 - 200 N. The hydraulic oil passage 33 can receive the hydraulic oil conveyed by the hydraulic pump station under the control of the signal output module 42. The sealing interface of the hydraulic cavity adopts a redundant sealing structure, including a main sealing ring and a dynamic compensation sealing component, to ensure the stability of pressure conduction. The specific implementation form of the sealing is well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0041] The tension spring 32 in this embodiment can also be in the form of a fixed pre-tension (that is, the tension spring 32 does not need to be replaced). As an implementation manner of the pre-tension adjustable tension spring 32, when it is necessary to adjust the pre-tension of the tension spring 32, the tension spring 32 can be directly replaced, or a threaded adjusting rod can be provided on the base of the hydraulic cavity. The end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the tension spring 32 through a ball joint. By rotating the adjusting rod, the effective working length of the tension spring 32 is changed, thereby linearly adjusting the pre-tension.

[0042] When the top block 31 performs the ejection action, the hydraulic medium is injected into the hydraulic cavity, driving the top block 31 to generate a linear displacement output by overcoming the spring preload force, forming an elastic contact type deformation intervention. When the top block 31 performs the retraction action, the pressure inside the hydraulic cavity is relieved, the hydraulic oil flows out, and the elastic reset characteristic of the tension spring drives the top block 31 to retract.

[0043] The comparison module 41 includes symmetrically arranged pressure rollers 411 and a balance beam 412. The two pressure rollers 411 are vertically slidably assembled on both sides of the frame 101 through low-friction coefficient guide rails. The roller surface of the pressure roller 411 forms a dynamic contact interface with the lower surface of the conveyor belt 102. The middle of the balance beam 412 is hinged to the frame 101 through a high-precision slewing bearing, and its two ends are respectively connected to the brackets of the pressure rollers 411 on both sides through a rigid link mechanism, constituting a strictly equal-arm lever constraint. To better maintain the stability of the balance beam 412, at least one set of return springs is also provided between the balance beam 412 and the frame 101, and each set of return springs is symmetrically distributed about the hinge point of the balance beam 412.

[0044] This mechanical detection mechanism directly converts the difference in the lateral pressure distribution of the conveyor belt 102 into the angular displacement of the balance beam 412 through the principle of equal-proportion force transmission: when the pressure on one side of the conveyor belt 102 abnormally increases, the vertical load of the corresponding side pressure roller 411 is transmitted through a rigid connecting rod, driving the balance beam 412 to generate a measurable deflection around the hinge center. The symmetric force arm structure of the balance beam 412 ensures the geometric unity of the detection benchmarks on both sides, and its self-stabilizing characteristic can automatically compensate for the dynamic tension fluctuations during the operation of the conveyor belt 102, converting the micro pressure difference into a visible displacement through a mechanical amplification effect, providing a reliable mechanical criterion for deviation correction triggering.

[0045] The signal output module 42 includes trigger push rods 421 symmetrically fixed at both ends of the balance beam 412, micro-movement travel switches with a split contact layout, and a cross-control solenoid valve 422. The installation and positioning points of the trigger push rods 421 are located in the equal-proportion force arm interval between the end of the balance beam 412 and the hinge fulcrum, and hard alloy wear-resistant heads are configured at the ends of the trigger push rods 421. Two groups of micro-movement travel switches are provided, and each group of micro-movement travel switches includes normally open contacts and normally closed contacts arranged at intervals, and the contact components of the wear-resistant heads and the micro-movement travel switches form a rolling fit. The solenoid valve 422 is connected to the corresponding side hydraulic actuator through a high-pressure oil circuit. As one implementation of the solenoid valve 422, the solenoid valve 422 in the present invention can be a three-way proportional servo valve or an electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve.

[0046] When the balance beam 412 is driven to deflect by the pressure difference, the trigger push rod 421 linearly moves, thereby triggering the switching of the contact groups of the micro-movement travel switches, and controlling the directional distribution of the hydraulic medium through the commutation logic of the solenoid valve 422. This design realizes the automatic switching of the signal path through double contacts, ensures the timing accuracy of the deviation correction instruction and the system fault tolerance ability, and realizes the high-fidelity conversion from the mechanical trigger signal to the hydraulic action.

[0047] The implementation principle of an automatic conveyor belt deviation correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the deviation correction device 100 monitors the lateral pressure distribution of the conveyor belt 102 in real time through symmetrically arranged inclined conveyor rollers 2 and a pressure detection unit 1. When a pressure difference is caused by material partial load, the control unit 4 drives the top block 31 of the adjustable support assembly 3 to extend axially in a gradient along the conveyor roller 2. The top block 31 adopts an arc surface design with a specific inclination angle and curvature matching, and combines the progressive lifting of the hydraulic actuator to form a continuous guiding stress field on the contact surface of the conveyor belt 102. The mechanical detection mechanism converts the pressure difference into an angular displacement by means of the balance beam 412, triggers the micro switch to switch the hydraulic circuit, and realizes the precise compensation adjustment of the top block 31 on the side with smaller pressure.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "vertical" and "horizontal" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic belt deviation adjusting device, comprising a frame horizontally arranged and used for carrying a conveyor belt, characterized in that, The conveyor belt automatic deviation rectification device further includes: A pressure detection unit, including two columns of pressure detectors symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the conveyor belt, and each column of pressure detectors is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt; A double-column inclined conveyor roller, symmetrically installed on the frame through a support with rotational damping, and attached to the lower surface of the conveyor belt. Each column of conveyor rollers is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt between each column of pressure detectors; An adjustable support assembly, which includes a top block slidably arranged on the conveyor roller; and A control unit, electrically connected to the pressure detection unit, including a comparison module and a signal output module; Wherein, when the comparison module detects a pressure difference on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt, the signal output module sends a driving signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with smaller pressure, prompting the top block to extend out of the surface of the conveyor roller.

2. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein The top blocks are linearly arranged in 6-8 groups along the axial direction of the conveyor roller, and the distance between adjacent top blocks is 5-10 times the thickness of the conveyor belt.

3. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The extension axis of the top block forms an angle of 35°-55° with the axis of the conveyor roller; a chamfer is provided on the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt.

4. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protruding height of the top blocks in the same group increases in a gradient of 0.5-1.2 mm along the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt. The top surface of the top block forms an inclination angle of 3°-8° with the axis of the conveyor roller, and the top surfaces of the top blocks in the same group are coplanar after all protruding out of the conveyor roller.

5. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The following relationship needs to be satisfied between the inclination angle formed between the top surface of the top block and the axis of the conveyor roller and the gradient increment: tanα = Δh / L; Wherein, α is the inclination angle, Δh is the gradient increment, and L is the axial length between two adjacent top blocks.

6. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein, Each group of the top blocks is provided with 4-8 pieces, and the number n of the top blocks is determined by the width W of the conveyor belt and satisfies the following requirements: When W≤800 mm, n is 4 or 5; When 800 mm < W≤1200 mm, n is 6 or 7; When W > 1200 mm, n is 8.

7. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable support assembly further includes: A hydraulic cavity penetrating along the axial direction of the conveyor roller, the top block is in sealed sliding fit with the hydraulic cavity, and the inner end of the top block is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity through a tension spring with adjustable pre-tightening force. The pre-tightening force range of the tension spring is 50-200 N; A hydraulic oil passage arranged at the end of the conveyor roller, the hydraulic oil passage is connected to the signal output module, and can receive the hydraulic oil transported by the hydraulic pump station under the control of the signal output module.

8. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 7, characterized in that The comparison module includes: Two pressure rollers slidably arranged on both sides of the frame and located below the conveyor belt, and the pressure rollers are in close contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt; A balance beam, the middle part of which is hinged on the frame, and the two ends are respectively connected to the two pressure rollers to form an equal-arm lever structure.

9. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 8, wherein, The signal output module includes: Trigger push rods symmetrically fixed at both ends of the balance beam, and the installation positions of the trigger push rods are located between the two ends of the balance beam and the hinge point; Two groups of micro-movement travel switches, each group including normally open contacts and normally closed contacts arranged at intervals; An electromagnetic valve, the valve body of which is communicated with the hydraulic cavity on the other side through an oil passage, and the control end of the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the normally open contacts and normally closed contacts of the micro-movement travel switch; Wherein, a wear-resistant head is provided at the trigger end of the trigger push rod, and the wear-resistant head forms a rolling fit with the contact part of the microswitch.

10. The automatic belt deviation adjusting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The solenoid valve is a three-way proportional servo valve.

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