Shear test device based on photoelastic instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shear test device based on a photoelastic instrument, which comprises a photoelastic component, and a loading frame component is arranged in the middle of a light path of the photoelastic component; the loading frame assembly comprises a clamping frame assembly used for clamping a detected piece, the loading frame assembly comprises a transverse linear degree of freedom and a vertical linear degree of freedom, and the transverse linear degree of freedom is used for adjusting the stroke point position of the vertical linear degree of freedom. The transverse linear degree-of-freedom action is connected with a shearing assembly for a shearing test; the shearing assembly comprises at least three execution linear degrees of freedom which are coaxially and annularly arranged in an array mode, and the execution linear degrees of freedom are connected and act on the shearing unit to conduct universal angle adjustment; according to the utility model, through the combination arrangement of the multiple electric cylinders and the design of the universal joint couplings, the overall multi-direction and multi-dimensional angle adjustment of the shearing assembly is realized, so that the complex three-dimensional stress state can be better simulated and analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shearing tests, in particular to a shearing test device based on a photoelasticity instrument. Background Art

[0002] Photoelasticity is a method that uses optical principles to measure material stress. It is usually used to measure the stress of transparent material components, especially when the geometry and loading conditions are complex. This method can solve problems such as stress concentration and internal stress, and has therefore gained attention in the academic and engineering fields, and has become an effective tool for solving complex stress analysis of engineering structures.

[0003] Direct shear test (shear test) is a testing technique mainly used to determine the shear strength parameters of materials such as rocks and soils. Existing shear test devices are mainly used to study the macroscopic mechanical properties of soils such as shear strength. These tests are of great significance for understanding the mechanical properties of materials and for the design and analysis of engineering structures.

[0004] The experimental method of photoelasticity combined with shear test uses optical principles to measure stress and analyzes its stress distribution by observing the deformation of the material during loading. When the material is subjected to external force or stress, it will deform, and this deformation will cause the refractive index inside the material to change. The photoelastic method uses an optical system to observe and measure this refractive index change. The refractive index of a material is related to its internal stress and strain. Stress and strain will cause changes in the refractive index, and this change can be observed through an optical system. In addition, interference occurs when light propagates in the material. The stress inside the material causes changes in the refractive index, which in turn affects the propagation speed and path of light, producing interference patterns. By analyzing the interference pattern, information related to the internal stress and deformation of the material can be obtained. The shape, density, and color of the interference pattern are directly related to the stress distribution of the material.

[0005] Most engineering structures are often in a three-dimensional stress state under load. The application of three-dimensional photoelastic experimental method can effectively determine the three-dimensional stress state inside the engineering structure. Three-dimensional photoelastic experimental methods include: photoelastic stress freezing method, photoelastic clip method, photoelastic astigmatism method, etc., and the photoelastic stress freezing method is the most widely used. Therefore, although the photoelastic experimental method is very effective in studying the internal stress state of engineering structures, the structural limitations of traditional photoelasticity instruments make it difficult to fully simulate the three-dimensional stress state. Because the optical system and configuration of the photoelasticity instrument may be limited, it becomes difficult to achieve complete three-dimensional stress measurement in three spatial directions.

[0006] Therefore, a shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the embodiment of the utility model hopes to provide a shear test device based on a photoelasticity instrument to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, that is, to achieve three-dimensional stress testing and at least provide a beneficial option for this;

[0008] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is implemented as follows: a shear test device based on a photoelastic instrument, comprising a photoelastic component, a loading frame component is provided in the middle of the optical path of the photoelastic component; the loading frame component comprises a clamping frame component for clamping the detected part, and the loading frame component comprises a transverse linear degree of freedom and a vertical linear degree of freedom, the transverse linear degree of freedom is used to adjust the travel point of the vertical linear degree of freedom, and the transverse linear degree of freedom is operatively connected with a shear component for shear test;

[0009] The shearing assembly includes at least three executing linear degrees of freedom arranged along a coaxial annular array. The executing linear degrees of freedom are connected to act on the shearing unit for universal angle adjustment and output shear force to the inspected part. When the executing linear degrees of freedom are working, the tension value of the current shearing unit in the universal angle state is detected by a tension digital display.

[0010] In the above-mentioned embodiment: the embodiment of the shear test device based on the photoelastic instrument is constructed by a photoelastic component. A loading frame assembly is arranged in the middle of the optical path of the photoelastic component. The loading frame assembly includes a clamping frame assembly, which is responsible for clamping the inspected part. The loading frame assembly has a lateral linear degree of freedom and a vertical linear degree of freedom, wherein the lateral linear degree of freedom is used to adjust the travel point of the vertical linear degree of freedom. The lateral linear degree of freedom is connected to the shear assembly to realize the shear test.

[0011] In one embodiment, the photoelastic assembly includes two symmetrically arranged housings, the loading frame assembly and the shearing assembly are arranged on the symmetrical surfaces of the two housings; a polarizer is installed in the housing. An imaging device is arranged at the front end of one housing, and an array light source is arranged at the rear end of the other housing. Thus, the device constitutes a photoelastic instrument in the traditional sense, that is, the two polarizers are respectively a front polarizer and a rear polarizer.

[0012] In one embodiment, the loading frame assembly includes a frame-shaped rack, the top of the rack is slidably engaged with a slider for outputting the lateral linear degree of freedom transversely to the axial direction of the imaging device and the array light source, the slider is vertically threadedly connected with a screw rod for outputting the vertical linear degree of freedom, and the shearing assembly is fixedly provided at the bottom of the screw rod.

[0013] In one embodiment, the clamping frame assembly includes two clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks are symmetrically provided with concave grooves for placing the detected parts, and the two clamping blocks are threadedly engaged with each other by bolts.

[0014] In the above-mentioned embodiment: when in use, the detected piece is placed, and then the bolt is manually rotated to clamp the clamping piece.

[0015] In one embodiment: the shearing assembly includes two disc racks that are opposite to each other and not in direct contact, and six first servo electric cylinders for outputting the linear degree of freedom are evenly installed in the form of a circular array between the disc racks; the body of the tension digital display is fixed to the upper disc rack, and its tension spring is elastically connected to the lower disc rack; the disc rack at the bottom is installed with the shearing unit, and the upper surface of the disc rack at the top is rotatably matched with the shaft head of the screw rod through a bearing, so that the screw rod supports it and adjusts its height, but does not drive the shearing assembly as a whole to rotate when it rotates.

[0016] In the above-mentioned embodiment: the disc frame at the bottom is equipped with the shearing unit, and the upper surface of the disc frame at the top is rotatably matched with the shaft head of the screw rod through a bearing, so that the screw rod supports it and adjusts its height, but does not drive the shearing assembly to rotate as a whole when rotating.

[0017] In one embodiment, the cylinder body and the piston rod of the first servo electric cylinder are universally hinged to the respective opposite sides of the two disc racks through universal joint couplings.

[0018] In the above-mentioned implementation mode, the design of the universal joint coupling enables the electric cylinder to have an articulation function in multiple directions, thereby improving its adaptability and degree of freedom.

[0019] In one embodiment, any two adjacent first servo electric cylinders are arranged in a V shape or an inverted V shape.

[0020] In the above embodiment, every two adjacent first servo electric cylinders are arranged in a V-shape or an inverted V-shape. This arrangement mode is intended to expand the limit travel points of the execution linear freedom degree, so that each execution linear freedom degree is staggered to improve the control accuracy.

[0021] In one embodiment, the shearing unit includes a second servo electric cylinder for outputting the shearing force and a shearing block connected to its piston rod, and the cylinder body of the second servo electric cylinder is fixedly mounted on the disc rack at the bottom.

[0022] In the above embodiment: the shearing unit is composed of a second servo electric cylinder and a shearing block connected to its piston rod. The second servo electric cylinder is responsible for outputting shearing force and is connected to a shearing block, which is responsible for applying shearing force to the object being tested. The cylinder body of the second servo electric cylinder is fixed on the lower disc rack.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0024] (1) Realization of simulation of three-dimensional stress state: The utility model realizes multi-directional and multi-dimensional angle adjustment of the shear assembly as a whole through the arrangement of multiple electric cylinders and the design of universal joint coupling, so that complex three-dimensional stress state can be better simulated and analyzed.

[0025] (2) Expanded range of linear degrees of freedom: The utility model adopts a V-shaped or inverted V-shaped first servo electric cylinder, which allows a wider range of linear travel in multiple directions, thereby enhancing the flexibility and adjustable range of the experimental system. The arrangement makes the execution of linear degrees of freedom interlaced, which can improve the control accuracy and ensure the accuracy and stability during the experiment, which is of great significance for experimental scenarios that require precise control.

[0026] (3) Flexible adaptation to different experimental needs: The utility model combines a multi-degree-of-freedom electric cylinder installation and adjustment mechanism. The technology can flexibly adapt to the tested samples of different shapes, sizes and properties, and has strong adaptability and versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from one perspective of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the photoelastic assembly, the loading frame assembly and the shearing assembly of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the casing of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the loading frame assembly of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the loading frame assembly and the shearing assembly of the utility model.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1, photoelastic assembly; 101, housing; 102, imaging device; 103, polarizer; 104, array light source; 2, loading frame assembly; 201, frame; 202, slider; 203, lead screw; 204, clamping frame assembly; 3, shearing assembly; 301, disc rack; 302, first servo electric cylinder; 303, universal joint coupling; 304, second servo electric cylinder; 305, tension digital display; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below;

[0036] It should be pointed out that terms in the "degree of freedom" category all refer to the connection relationship and the relationship of applying force to at least one component. For example, "linear degree of freedom" means that a component is connected to one or more other components through this linear degree of freedom and applies force to them, so that they can slide or apply force in a straight line direction; "rotational degree of freedom" means that a component can rotate freely around at least one axis of rotation and can apply or withstand torque.

[0037] Example

[0038] In the prior art, photoelasticity is a method of inferring the stress distribution inside a material by observing interference patterns or optical changes. This method can be used to study the stress distribution of complex structures, especially for stress analysis of transparent materials or materials with complex shapes. Photoelasticity is a very effective tool. The optical system and configuration of the photoelasticity instrument may be limited by the traditional loading frame structure, making it difficult to achieve complete three-dimensional stress measurement in three spatial directions. Therefore, the design of the traditional optical system is more suitable for a specific plane stress state or a specific geometric shape. To change the above situation, please refer to Figure 1-6 , this specific implementation will provide relevant technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0039] A shear test device based on a photoelasticity instrument comprises a photoelasticity component 1, wherein a loading frame component 2 is arranged in the middle of the optical path of the photoelasticity component 1; the loading frame component 2 comprises a clamping frame component 204 for clamping a detected object, and the loading frame component 2 comprises a transverse linear degree of freedom and a vertical linear degree of freedom, wherein the transverse linear degree of freedom is used to adjust the travel point of the vertical linear degree of freedom, and the transverse linear degree of freedom is connected to a shear component 3 for shear test;

[0040] The shearing assembly 3 includes at least three linear degrees of freedom arranged in a coaxial annular array, which are connected to the shearing unit for universal angle adjustment and output shear force to the inspected part. When the linear degrees of freedom are working, the tension value of the current shearing unit in the universal angle state is detected by the tension digital display 305.

[0041] In this scheme: the implementation method of the shear test device based on the photoelastic instrument is constructed by a photoelastic component 1. A loading frame component 2 is set in the middle of the optical path of the photoelastic component 1. The loading frame component 2 includes a clamping frame component 204, which is responsible for clamping the test piece. The loading frame component 2 has a lateral linear degree of freedom and a vertical linear degree of freedom, wherein the lateral linear degree of freedom is used to adjust the travel point of the vertical linear degree of freedom. The lateral linear degree of freedom is connected to the shear component 3 to realize the shear test.

[0042] Specifically: The basic principle of this design is to construct an optical path through the photoelastic component 1 so that the loading frame component 2 can apply shear force to the detected object. The clamping frame component 204 ensures that the detected object is firmly clamped, while the lateral linear degree of freedom and the vertical linear degree of freedom allow adjustment and positioning in two directions. The shearing component 3 includes at least three execution linear degrees of freedom arranged along a coaxial annular array, which can adjust the universal angle of the shearing unit, thereby realizing the shear force output to the detected object.

[0043] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: the functionality of the device is to perform a shear test through a photoelasticity instrument to achieve three-dimensional shear force measurement of the tested piece. The two linear degrees of freedom of the loading frame assembly 2 allow precise adjustment of the position and direction of the shear test to ensure the accuracy of the experiment. The design of the shear assembly 3 enables it to be arranged along a coaxial annular array to achieve shear force adjustment in multiple directions, which is of great significance for simulating three-dimensional stress states. The tensile digital display 305 is used to detect the tensile value under the angle state of the shear unit, providing real-time data feedback and monitoring for the experiment.

[0044] In this solution, all electrical components of the device as a whole rely on AC power for energy supply; specifically, the electrical components of the device as a whole are conventionally electrically connected to the AC power output port through devices such as relays, transformers and button panels to meet the energy supply requirements of all electrical components of the device.

[0045] Specifically, a controller is also provided on the outside of the device, which is used to connect and control all electrical components of the device as a whole to be driven according to a pre-set program as a preset value and a driving mode; it should be pointed out that the above-mentioned driving mode corresponds to the corresponding start and stop time intervals, speed, power and other output parameters between the relevant electrical components mentioned below, that is, it meets the requirements of the relevant electrical components described below to drive the relevant mechanical devices to operate according to the functions described therein.

[0046] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 : The photoelastic assembly 1 includes two symmetrically arranged housings 101, on which the loading frame assembly 2 and the shearing assembly 3 are arranged on the symmetrical planes of the two housings 101; a polarizer 103 is installed in the housing 101. An imaging device 102 is arranged at the front end of one housing 101, and an array light source 104 is arranged at the rear end of the other housing 101. So far, the device constitutes a photoelastic instrument in the traditional sense, that is, the two polarizers 103 are respectively a front polarizer and a rear polarizer.

[0047] Specifically: The principle of this embodiment is to construct a traditional photoelastic instrument using a symmetrically arranged photoelastic component 1 and a configuration of front and rear polarizers 103. The front polarizer and the rear polarizer pass through a suitable optical path so that light can correctly pass through the sample and be transmitted to the imaging device 102, thereby forming an interference image. This configuration conforms to the basic principle of the photoelastic experiment.

[0048] Preferably, the array light source 104 is a plurality of LED light tubes arranged in an array.

[0049] Preferably, the imaging device 102 is the imaging device disclosed in CN202220106190.5 "A shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument". The imaging device 102 is consistent with the document, and through an external computer, the imaging device 102 feeds back the imaging information to the computer and outputs it to the staff for review.

[0050] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: the photoelastic component 1 in this embodiment constructs a traditional photoelastic instrument structure, and the interference image of the sample can be observed through the front and rear polarizers and the optical path configuration. The imaging device 102 can capture the interference image for subsequent stress analysis. The array light source 104 provides the required light source. This configuration ensures the feasibility and accuracy of the photoelastic experiment and provides a basis for subsequent three-dimensional stress analysis.

[0051] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6The loading frame assembly 2 includes a frame-shaped frame 201, the top of the frame 201 is axially slidably engaged with a slider 202 for outputting lateral linear freedom, which is transverse to the imaging device 102 and the array light source 104. The slider 202 is vertically threadedly connected with a screw rod 203 for outputting vertical linear freedom, and a shearing assembly 3 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the screw rod 203.

[0052] Specifically, the adjustment of the lateral and vertical linear degrees of freedom is achieved in order to accurately adjust the position of the shearing assembly 3 during the shearing test. The lateral movement of the slider 202 along the frame 201 achieves the adjustment of the lateral linear degrees of freedom, while the rotation of the screw rod 203 achieves the adjustment of the vertical linear degrees of freedom. In this way, the position of the shearing assembly 3 can be adjusted by manually operating the slider 202 and the screw rod 203.

[0053] Preferably, two tension digital display meters 305 may be provided between the frame 201 and the slider 202 , and between the lead screw 203 and the slider 202 .

[0054] Preferably, the slider 202 is a damping slider, which further increases the friction between it and the frame 201, and still maintains a certain tightening force in the non-sliding adjustment state;

[0055] Preferably, the frame 201 is provided with scales at corresponding positions between the sliders 202 and between the screw rods 203, and the staff can make corresponding position adjustments according to the indications of the scales.

[0056] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: In this embodiment, the design of the frame 201, the slider 202 and the screw rod 203 enables the shearing assembly 3 to be precisely adjusted in the lateral and vertical directions. The lateral adjustment is achieved by the movement of the slider 202, and the height adjustment is achieved by the rotation of the screw rod 203. The design of this mechanical structure allows the operator to manually adjust the position of the shearing assembly 3 to meet different experimental requirements, providing a high degree of flexibility and controllability for the shearing test.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 The clamping frame assembly 204 includes two clamping blocks, which are symmetrically provided with concave grooves for placing the detected parts, and the two clamping blocks are engaged with each other by bolt threads.

[0058] In this solution: when in use, the inspected piece is placed, and then the bolt is manually rotated to clamp the clamping piece.

[0059] Specifically: The design of the clamping frame assembly 204 is intended to achieve a secure clamping of the inspected object. The two clamping blocks have symmetrical recessed grooves, which are suitable for inspected objects of different sizes and shapes. By rotating the bolts, the clamping force can be adjusted to ensure that the clamped object is firmly fixed in the clamping blocks. The principle of the bolt thread matching ensures a stable clamping effect.

[0060] It is understood that in this specific embodiment: the design of the clamping frame assembly 204 allows the tested piece to be easily and firmly placed in the concave groove of the clamping block. The rotating bolt can adjust the clamping force and appropriately clamp the tested piece as needed. This design ensures the stability and reliability of the tested piece during the shear test and provides a reliable clamping platform for subsequent shear tests.

[0061] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 The shearing assembly 3 comprises two disk racks 301 which are opposite to each other and not in direct contact, and six first servo electric cylinders 302 for outputting linear degrees of freedom are evenly installed in the form of a circular array between the disk racks 301; the body of the tension digital display 305 is fixed on the upper disk rack 301, and its tension spring is elastically connected to the lower disk rack 301; the disk rack 301 at the bottom is installed with a shearing unit, and the upper surface of the disk rack 301 at the top is rotatably matched with the shaft head of the screw rod 203 through a bearing, so that the screw rod 203 supports it and adjusts its height, but does not drive the shearing assembly 3 to rotate as a whole when rotating.

[0062] In this solution: the disc rack 301 at the bottom is equipped with a shearing unit, and the upper surface of the disc rack 301 at the top is rotatably matched with the shaft head of the screw rod 203 through a bearing, so that the screw rod 203 supports it and adjusts its height, but it does not drive the shearing assembly 3 to rotate as a whole when rotating.

[0063] Specifically: The design of the shear assembly 3 is based on two relatively non-contacting disc racks 301, and the linear degree of freedom is realized by the first servo electric cylinders 302 of the annular array. These electric cylinders 302 output force to drive the shear unit to perform the shear test. The tension digital display 305 is fixed to the upper disc rack, and its spring is connected to the lower disc rack for measuring the tension. The top disc rack 301 is rotatably matched with the shaft head of the screw rod 203 through the bearing, supports the screw rod 203, and allows height adjustment.

[0064] Preferably, three tension digital display meters 305 are installed between two racks 301 of the shearing assembly 3 in the form of a ring array. When the lower rack 301 is adjusted in a universal angle, the three tension digital display meters 305 output corresponding values, realizing feedback on the three-dimensional stress state. It further includes:

[0065] (1) Relationship between the tension digital display and the shear force: The tension digital display 305 is connected (relatively or approximately) to the shear block or shear unit in the shear assembly 3, and can measure and display the shear force applied to the object under test. These tension digital displays are installed in a circular array, each corresponding to the tension measurement in one direction.

[0066] (2) The disc rack is adjusted in angle: When the lower disc rack 301 is adjusted in a universal angle, the shearing assembly 3 will be subjected to a force in a corresponding direction, which will cause the tension digital display 305 to display the tension value in the corresponding direction.

[0067] (3) Feedback of three-dimensional stress state: By observing and recording the values ​​output by the three tension digital display meters 305, the tension information in different directions can be obtained. This tension information is related to the applied force and can be used to calculate the stress state in different directions. Therefore, through the output values ​​of the three tension digital display meters, the tension of the shear component 3 in different directions can be fed back, thereby feeding back the corresponding three-dimensional stress state.

[0068] It should be noted that in this mode, by installing the tension digital display 305 and connecting it to the shear assembly 3, the shear force in different directions can be monitored in real time and fed back to the operator in the form of numerical display. This provides key information for analyzing and understanding the three-dimensional stress state of the object being tested, allowing the experimenter to make appropriate adjustments to better simulate and understand the complex stress state. This feedback mechanism helps to optimize the experimental process and improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the experiment.

[0069] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: this design allows the shearing assembly 3 to realize multiple linear degrees of freedom, and the shearing unit is driven to shear through the output force of the servo electric cylinder 302. The tension digital display 305 is used to monitor the tension state and provide real-time tension information. The design of the disc rack 301 ensures the stability and accuracy of the shearing assembly, and the cooperation between the bearing and the screw rod 203 ensures the controllability of the height adjustment.

[0070] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 The cylinder body and piston rod of the first servo electric cylinder 302 are universally hinged to the respective opposite sides of the two disc racks 301 through universal joint couplings 303.

[0071] In this solution, the design of the universal joint coupling 303 enables the electric cylinder 302 to have an articulation function in multiple directions, thereby improving its adaptability and degree of freedom.

[0072] Specifically: the universal joint coupling 303 is a key component that connects the cylinder body and piston rod of the first servo electric cylinder 302 with the disc frame 301. It allows the electric cylinder 302 to be articulated in multiple directions, ensuring the free movement of the electric cylinder. This design enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the electric cylinder, enabling it to adapt to different movement requirements.

[0073] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: through the universal joint coupling 303, the first servo electric cylinder 302 can be articulated in multiple directions, making the movement of the shearing assembly more flexible and diverse. This flexibility provides a wider range of application scenarios for the shear test, which can adapt to different types and shapes of tested materials, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the experiment. At the same time, this design also ensures the reliability and efficiency of the electric cylinder in the shear test.

[0074] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 : Every two adjacent first servo electric cylinders 302 are arranged in a V shape or an inverted V shape.

[0075] In this solution, every two adjacent first servo electric cylinders 302 are arranged in a V-shape or an inverted V-shape. This arrangement mode is intended to expand the limit travel points of the execution linear freedom degree, so that each execution linear freedom degree is staggered to improve the control accuracy.

[0076] Specifically: The first servo electric cylinder 302 arranged in a V shape or an inverted V shape can expand the limit travel point of the linear freedom. This arrangement mode makes the relative position between the electric cylinders more flexible and can achieve a larger linear travel range. Through the staggered arrangement, each linear freedom can make full use of the available space, increasing the flexibility and control accuracy of the system.

[0077] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: the use of a V-shaped or inverted V-shaped arrangement mode can expand the range of travel of the linear degree of freedom, thereby improving the flexibility and adjustable range of the test system. Each linear degree of freedom is arranged in an interlaced manner, which is conducive to improving the control accuracy and ensuring the accuracy and stability during the experiment. This design allows the shear assembly to have a larger adjustable space when performing a shear test, which can adapt to different experimental conditions and requirements.

[0078] In some specific embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 The shearing unit comprises a second servo electric cylinder 304 for outputting shearing force and a shearing block connected to its piston rod. The cylinder body of the second servo electric cylinder 304 is fixedly mounted on the disc rack 301 at the lower part.

[0079] In this solution, the shearing unit is composed of a second servo electric cylinder 304 and a shearing block connected to its piston rod. The second servo electric cylinder 304 is responsible for outputting shearing force and is connected to a shearing block, which is responsible for applying shearing force to the object being tested. The cylinder body of the second servo electric cylinder 304 is fixed on the lower disc rack 301.

[0080] Specifically: The second servo electric cylinder 304 drives the shear block to generate shear force by controlling the movement of the piston rod. This design allows the shear force to be accurately controlled by the second servo electric cylinder and transmitted to the object under test through the shear block. The cylinder body is fixed on the lower disc frame to ensure the stability of the electric cylinder and the efficiency of force transmission.

[0081] It can be understood that in this specific embodiment: the second servo electric cylinder 304 and the shear block connected thereto constitute a shear unit, which can output a precisely controlled shear force. This design enables the shear test to accurately apply shear force to the object being tested, ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment. The electric cylinder is fixed on the lower disc rack, ensuring the stability and reliability of the shear force transmission.

[0082] In summary, for the related problems in the traditional technology, this specific implementation is based on the above-mentioned shear test device based on the photoelasticity instrument, and adopts the following technical means or features to achieve the solution: In the traditional photoelasticity instrument, due to structural limitations, it is difficult to fully simulate the three-dimensional stress state, especially in the angle adjustment of the shear component. The technology of this embodiment designs a shear component 3 with multiple degrees of freedom, which includes a first servo electric cylinder 302 and a second servo electric cylinder 304, etc. These electric cylinders realize multi-directional angle adjustment through a universal joint coupling 303, that is, a universal angle adjustment function.

[0083] By combining and arranging a plurality of first servo electric cylinders 302 and second servo electric cylinders 304, and adopting a V-shaped or inverted V-shaped arrangement, this embodiment expands the limit travel points of the execution linear freedom. In this way, the movement of the shearing component is no longer restricted, and flexible angle adjustment can be achieved in multiple directions to better simulate the three-dimensional stress state. Each execution linear freedom is arranged in an interlaced manner, allowing the shearing component to move freely in all directions, thereby improving the simulation accuracy of the three-dimensional stress state.

[0084] Therefore, the technology provided in this embodiment optimizes the structure and arrangement of the shearing assembly, utilizes the combination of multiple electric cylinders and the design of a universal joint coupling, and realizes multi-directional and multi-dimensional angle adjustment of the entire shearing assembly, thereby solving the problem that traditional photoelasticity instruments are difficult to simulate three-dimensional stress states.

[0085] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation methods of the relevant practical applications of the utility model, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A shear test device based on a photoelasticity instrument, characterized in that: It comprises a photoelastic component (1), wherein a loading frame component (2) is provided in the middle of the optical path of the photoelastic component (1); The loading frame assembly (2) comprises a clamping frame assembly (204) for clamping the inspected piece, and the loading frame assembly (2) comprises a transverse linear degree of freedom and a vertical linear degree of freedom, the transverse linear degree of freedom being used to adjust the travel point of the vertical linear degree of freedom, and the transverse linear degree of freedom is operatively connected to a shear assembly (3) for shear testing; The shearing assembly (3) comprises at least three actuating linear degrees of freedom arranged in a coaxial annular array, the actuating linear degrees of freedom being connected to act on the shearing unit for universal angle adjustment and outputting a shearing force to the detected piece; When the linear degree of freedom is in operation, the tension value is detected by the tension digital display meter (305).

2. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelastic assembly (1) comprises two symmetrically arranged housings (101), and the loading frame assembly (2) and the shearing assembly (3) are arranged on symmetrical surfaces of the two housings (101); A polarizing filter (103) is installed in the housing (101).

3. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: An imaging device (102) is provided at the front end of one of the housings (101), and an array light source (104) is provided at the rear end of the other housing (101).

4. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading frame assembly (2) comprises a frame (201), the top of the frame (201) is laterally slidably matched with a slider (202) for outputting the lateral linear degree of freedom, the slider (202) is vertically threadedly connected with a screw rod (203) for outputting the vertical linear degree of freedom, and the bottom of the screw rod (203) is fixedly provided with the shearing assembly (3).

5. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping frame assembly (204) comprises two clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks are symmetrically provided with concave grooves for placing the detected parts, and the two clamping blocks are threadably engaged with each other by bolts.

6. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shearing assembly (3) comprises two disk racks (301) facing each other and not in direct contact, and six first servo electric cylinders (302) for outputting the execution linear degree of freedom are evenly installed between the disk racks (301) in the form of a ring array; The main body of the tension digital display meter (305) is fixed to the upper disk rack (301), and its tension spring is elastically connected to the lower disk rack (301); The shearing unit is installed on the disc rack (301) at the bottom, and the upper surface of the disc rack (301) at the top is rotatably matched with the shaft head of the screw rod (203) through a bearing.

7. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cylinder body and piston rod of the first servo electric cylinder (302) are universally hinged to the respective opposite sides of the two disk racks (301) through universal joint couplings (303).

8. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: Every two adjacent first servo electric cylinders (302) are arranged in a V-shape or an inverted V-shape.

9. The shear test device based on photoelasticity instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shearing unit comprises a second servo electric cylinder (304) for outputting the shearing force and a shearing block connected to its piston rod. The cylinder body of the second servo electric cylinder (304) is fixedly mounted on the disc rack (301) at the bottom.

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