Ultrasonic-assisted single-particle scratching experiment device at high speed

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-speed ultrasound-assisted single particle scratching experiment device, which comprises an ultrasonic cutter handle, a cutter clamp, a cutter, a test piece clamp, a test piece base and a dynamometer, the cutter is fixedly connected with the cutter clamp, the ultrasonic cutter handle is fixedly arranged at the top end of the cutter clamp, and the top end of the ultrasonic cutter handle is connected with a machine tool spindle; the dynamometer is fixedly installed on a machine tool workbench, the dynamometer is connected with the test piece base, and a test piece is installed on the test piece base through a test piece clamp. According to the utility model, the traditional straight scratching mode is not adopted, but a rotating disc type mode that a workpiece is fixed and a cutter is rotated is adopted, the scratching mode is easy to realize high rotating speed and better dynamic balance, and scratches with step-shaped depth change can be completely obtained through one-time scratching experiment; and an experimental method is provided for subsequent research on plastic and brittle conversion points of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical fields of material testing technology and ultrasonic assisted grinding processing in mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a high-speed ultrasonic assisted single-particle scratching experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Grinding is an important processing method for difficult-to-process materials and their parts. However, in the traditional grinding process, some cemented carbides are prone to severe tool wear due to their high hardness and brittleness, and the soft and sticky bonding phase is prone to chip adhesion, resulting in poor surface quality and low processing efficiency.

[0003] Ultrasonic assisted grinding technology is an effective method for machining hard and brittle materials. Ultrasonic assisted grinding is a composite processing method that superimposes ultrasonic vibrations on the material removal process. Compared with ordinary grinding, it has the advantages of low grinding force, low grinding temperature, and long tool life. It has been proven to be one of the effective solutions for machining hard materials. Studies have shown that in the process of ultrasonic assisted grinding, due to the high-frequency intermittent contact between the abrasive and the workpiece, the grinding surface temperature and grinding force are reduced, and the material removal efficiency and surface machining accuracy can be significantly improved, and the propagation of surface microcracks can be inhibited.

[0004] The grinding process is essentially the interaction between the irregularly arranged and shaped abrasive particles on the surface of the grinding wheel and the workpiece surface, including sliding, plowing and cutting, to achieve the purpose of removing materials. Due to the large number of abrasive particles, random shapes and positions, etc., it is very difficult to study the material removal mechanism of grinding. In order to simplify the research, the complex grinding process is simplified to the microscopic cutting action of a single abrasive particle on the material surface, so as to ignore the influence of other abrasive particles. The single abrasive scratching experiment has become an effective means to study the complex grinding action.

[0005] At present, there are several main forms of scratching of single abrasive particles, including linear scratching, wedge scratching and ball-on-disk scratching. Among them, linear scratching has a slow scratching speed and a fixed cutting depth, while wedge scratching has a variable cutting depth, but the scratching speed is also relatively slow. Although the ball-on-disk scratching speed can reach the same speed as grinding, it cannot obtain a variable cutting depth. Therefore, in order to better reveal the removal mechanism of ultrasonic-assisted grinding at high speed, it is very necessary to carry out high-speed ultrasonic-assisted single-particle scratching experiments. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-speed ultrasonic-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device.

[0007] The utility model solves the technical problem through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-speed ultrasonic-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device, characterized in that it includes an ultrasonic tool handle, a tool fixture, a tool, a specimen fixture, a specimen base and a dynamometer, the tool is fixedly connected to the tool fixture, the ultrasonic tool handle is fixedly installed on the top of the tool fixture, and the top of the ultrasonic tool handle is connected to the main shaft of a machine tool; the dynamometer is fixedly installed on a machine tool workbench, the dynamometer is connected to the specimen base, and the specimen is installed on the specimen base through the specimen fixture.

[0009] Moreover, the surface of the tool fixture and the end surface of the specimen fixture are both inclined in the same direction and have the same inclination angle.

[0010] Moreover, a through hole is arranged on the tool fixture, the tool is inserted into the through hole, a gasket is arranged between the tool and the through hole, and the tool is fixed by a nut.

[0011] Moreover, the tool fixture is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic tool handle via a fixture head.

[0012] Moreover, the tool fixture, the specimen base and the specimen fixture are all made of aluminum alloy material.

[0013] Moreover, the tool holder and the tool are both made of diamond material.

[0014] Moreover, the end surface inclination of the specimen base is 1°.

[0015] Furthermore, the end surface inclination of the tool holder is 1°.

[0016] Moreover, the lower end of the tool is conical, and the taper of the cone surface is 60°.

[0017] The advantages and beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. The utility model no longer adopts the traditional straight scratching method, but adopts a turntable method, that is, the workpiece is stationary and the tool rotates. This scratching method is easy to have a high rotation speed and good dynamic balance. In addition, a scratching experiment can completely obtain scratches with step-shaped changes in depth, which provides an experimental method for subsequent research on the plastic-brittle transition point of the material.

[0019] 2. The utility model realizes that a single diamond abrasive can be scratched at a speed required for grinding, so that the collected relevant data can be used for the study of the material removal mechanism in the grinding process.

[0020] 3. The surface of the tool fixture of the utility model and the end surface of the specimen fixture are both inclined in the same direction and have the same inclination angle, so that the tool can scratch the specimen at a certain angle perpendicular to the specimen and can achieve gradual scratching.

[0021] 4. A through hole is provided on the tool fixture of the utility model, the tool is inserted into the through hole, a gasket is provided between the tool and the through hole, and the tool is fixed by a nut to ensure that the tool and the tool fixture are closely matched.

[0022] 5. The tool fixture of the utility model is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic tool handle through the fixture head to ensure the transmission of ultrasonic vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the test piece base of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tool fixture of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are merely descriptive and not restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited by them.

[0027] A high-speed ultrasonic-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device, the innovation of which lies in: comprising an ultrasonic tool handle 1, a tool fixture 2, a tool 3, a specimen fixture 5, a specimen base 6 and a dynamometer 7, the tool 3 is fixedly connected to the tool fixture 2, the ultrasonic tool handle 1 is fixedly installed on the top of the tool fixture 2, and the top of the ultrasonic tool handle 1 is connected to the main shaft of a machine tool; the dynamometer 7 is fixedly installed on a machine tool workbench, the dynamometer 7 is connected to the specimen base 6, and the specimen 4 is installed on the specimen base 6 through the specimen fixture 5.

[0028] The utility model no longer adopts the traditional straight scratching method, but adopts a turntable method, that is, the workpiece is stationary and the tool rotates. This scratching method is easy to have a high rotation speed and good dynamic balance. In addition, a scratching experiment can completely obtain scratches with step-shaped changes in depth, which provides an experimental method for subsequent research on the plastic-brittle transition point of the material.

[0029] The surface of the tool fixture 2 and the end face of the specimen fixture 5 are both inclined in the same direction and have the same inclination angle. The end face inclination of the specimen base 6 is 1°, and the end face inclination of the tool fixture 2 is 1°, so that the tool can scratch perpendicular to the specimen at a certain angle and can achieve gradual scratching.

[0030] The tool holder 2 is provided with a through hole, in which the tool 3 is inserted, a gasket 8 is provided between the tool 3 and the through hole, and the tool 3 is fixed by a nut to ensure that the tool and the tool holder are closely matched.

[0031] The tool fixture 2 is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic tool handle 1 via a fixture head 9 to ensure the transmission of ultrasonic vibration.

[0032] The tool fixture 2, the specimen base 6 and the specimen fixture 5 are all made of aluminum alloy material, and the tool fixture 2 and the tool 3 are all made of diamond material to ensure the working strength requirement of the tool.

[0033] The working process of the utility model is:

[0034] The steps include:

[0035] Step 1, processing the material into the specified size of the test piece 4, and grinding and polishing the upper surface of the test piece, the surface roughness of the test piece 2 after grinding and polishing is less than 6nm, and the flatness is less than the tolerance grade IT1;

[0036] Step 2, fix the specimen on the specimen base 6 by means of a specimen fixture, wherein the specimen fixture is fixed on the specimen base 6 by screw connection, wherein the inclination angle θ of the upper surface of the specimen base 6 is 1°;

[0037] Step 3, fix the dynamometer 7 on the CNC machine tool, and the specimen base 6 is fixedly connected to the dynamometer by hexagon socket bolts;

[0038] Step 4: Connect one end of the ultrasonic tool handle 1 to the spindle of the CNC machine tool and the other end to the spindle of the diamond tool fixture 2, and fix the diamond tool 3 on the fixture disc through a nut, wherein the tip of the single-particle diamond abrasive 4 is conical, and the cone angle is 60°.

[0039] Step 5: Perform tool setting operation by operating the CNC machine tool so that the diamond tool reaches the predetermined position and the test piece is moved to the designated position;

[0040] Step 6, start the CNC machine tool so that the diamond tool fixture fixed on its spindle rotates at a specified speed, and at the same time, the test piece is fed horizontally through the workbench. During this process, a single diamond abrasive will scratch a series of scratches with controllable spacing on the oblique polishing surface of the test piece, and at the same time, the data of the scratching process is collected through the dynamometer device; wherein the speed range of the tool fixture 2 is 1500-3000r / min, and the rotation radius is 100mm;

[0041] The depth of a single scratch changes from shallow to deep and then shallow again. To ensure that each scratch reaches the required theoretical cutting depth, the z-direction feed depth of the machine tool spindle should be controlled each time, which is d z =nxtanθ, where n is the scratch number, x is the distance the machine tool spindle moves in the x direction, and the maximum depth of the scratch ranges from 5um to 20um.

[0042] The specimen was removed, and the microscopic morphology of each scratch on the specimen was inspected and observed.

[0043] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A high-speed ultrasonic-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ultrasonic tool handle (1), a tool fixture (2), a tool (3), a specimen fixture (5), a specimen base (6) and a dynamometer (7); the tool (3) is fixedly connected to the tool fixture (2); the ultrasonic tool handle (1) is fixedly mounted on the top of the tool fixture (2); the top of the ultrasonic tool handle (1) is connected to a machine tool spindle; the dynamometer (7) is fixedly mounted on a machine tool workbench; the dynamometer (7) is connected to the specimen base (6); and the specimen (4) is mounted on the specimen base (6) via the specimen fixture (5).

2. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the tool fixture (2) and the end surface of the specimen fixture (5) are both inclined in the same direction and have the same inclination angle.

3. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided on the tool holder (2), the tool (3) is inserted into the through hole, a gasket (8) is provided between the tool (3) and the through hole, and the tool (3) is fixed by a nut.

4. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool fixture (2) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic tool handle (1) via a fixture head (9).

5. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool fixture (2), the specimen base (6) and the specimen fixture (5) are all made of aluminum alloy material.

6. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder (2) and the tool (3) are both made of diamond material.

7. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface inclination of the test piece base (6) is 1°.

8. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face inclination of the tool holder (2) is 1°.

9. The high-speed ultrasound-assisted single-particle scratching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the tool (3) is conical, and the taper of the cone surface is 60°.

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