Rock mass in-situ biaxial stress strain test device
By designing an in-situ biaxial stress and strain test device for rock mass, the problem of difficulty in simulating the stress and strain of coal rock mass in complex stress environments is solved in the prior art, and a more accurate simulation and measurement of the mechanical behavior of coal rock mass is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421288961.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-06
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to truly simulate the stress and strain behavior of coal rock mass under complex stress environments during coal mining.
A rock mass in situ biaxial stress and strain testing device is designed, including a hollow box, a test piece, a vertical jack, a vertical pressure sensor, a left and right stress-applying structure, a biaxial stress is applied through these components, and the stress-strain state of the test piece is monitored by measuring the structure.
The device can truly simulate the stress and strain conditions of coal rock mass during mining, provide more accurate mechanical behavior data, and help understand the behavior of coal rock mass in complex stress environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN222887647U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock mass test equipment, and particularly relates to a rock mass in-situ biaxial stress-strain test device. Background Art
[0002] At present, coal resources are still one of the indispensable main energy sources in China, and ensuring the safe and efficient production of coal mines is of great significance. In order to explore the mechanical behavior laws of coal and rock masses during the mining process, various tests have been carried out.
[0003] At present, most of the coal and rock mass tests are to take coal samples on site and then process them into standard specimens for indoor tests; however, the stress environment of coal and rock masses is very complex during the mining process, and indoor tests cannot simulate the stress-strain behavior of coal and rock masses under the real stress path; therefore, it is considered to design a stress-strain test device and method for use during the mining process of coal mine rock masses. At the same time, since the roadway with a free surface is in a typical biaxial stress environment during the mining process, there is an urgent need for a rock mass in-situ biaxial stress-strain test device to reflect the real stress-strain behavior of coal and rock masses during the mining process. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a rock mass in-situ biaxial stress-strain test device to solve the problem that it is difficult to measure the stress of rock masses during the mining process.
[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A rock mass in-situ biaxial stress-strain test device, comprising a hollow box body, a test piece, a vertical jack, a vertical pressure sensor, a left stress application structure and a right stress application structure;
[0007] The vertical pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the bottom end inside the box body; a first horizontal gasket is arranged above the vertical pressure sensor;
[0008] The test piece is arranged on the first horizontal gasket at the bottom, and a measuring structure for measuring the strain value of the test piece is arranged on the test piece;
[0009] The vertical jack is arranged in the middle of the top end inside the box body; the push rod of the vertical jack points downward, and the end is connected to the upper part of the test piece through a second horizontal gasket;
[0010] The left stress application structure includes a horizontal jack, a connecting column, a horizontal pressure sensor and a longitudinal bearing plate; the horizontal jack is arranged in the middle of the left end inside the box body, the push rod of the horizontal jack points to the right and is connected to the horizontal pressure sensor, the other end of the horizontal pressure sensor is connected to the connecting column through a vertical gasket, and the connecting column is connected to the left part of the test piece through the longitudinal bearing plate;
[0011] The right stress application structure, which is the same as the left stress application structure, is arranged at the right part of the test piece.
[0012] As a further technical solution of the above solution, it further includes a support device, which includes a bolt base, a steel plate platform and a groove support plate; there are four bolt bases, which are respectively arranged at the bottom end inside the box after passing through the four corners of the steel plate platform; the bottom end of the groove support plate is arranged on the steel plate platform, and the upper part of the groove support plate is open, and the opening receives the connecting column.
[0013] As a further technical solution of the above solution, a plurality of the groove support plates are arranged in parallel.
[0014] As a further technical solution of the above solution, a plurality of the first horizontal gaskets are provided, and the bottom of the vertical pressure sensor is connected to the middle part of the bottom end inside the box through the first horizontal gasket.
[0015] As a further technical solution of the above solution, a plurality of the second horizontal gaskets are provided, and the top of the vertical jack is connected to the middle part of the top end of the box through the second horizontal gasket.
[0016] As a further technical solution of the above solution, it further includes four grooving bearing plates, which are respectively arranged in the middle of the top end, bottom end, left side and right side inside the box for connecting the vertical jacks, vertical pressure sensors and connecting columns.
[0017] As a further technical solution of the above solution, a second vertical gasket is further arranged at the left part of the horizontal jack, and the left part of the second vertical gasket is connected to the middle part of the left end inside the box through the connecting column.
[0018] As a further technical solution of the above solution, the measuring structure is a micrometer.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The utility model applies stress to the test piece by respectively jacking up the longitudinal bearing plate and the first horizontal gasket through the horizontal jack and the vertical jack, and monitors the stress and strain state of the test piece during the test process through the measuring structure, simulating the real stress and strain situation of the rock stratum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the support device.
[0022] The definitions of the labels in the figure are as follows: box body - 1; test piece - 2; vertical jack - 3; vertical pressure sensor - 4; horizontal jack - 51; connecting column - 52; horizontal pressure sensor - 53; longitudinal bearing plate - 54; first vertical gasket - 55; second vertical gasket - 56; right - hand stress application structure - 6; first horizontal gasket - 71; second horizontal gasket - 72; measuring structure - 8; support device - 9; bolt base - 91; steel plate platform - 92; grooved support plate - 93; cut - groove bearing plate - 10. Detailed implementation mode
[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, so as to have a further understanding of the concept, the technical problems to be solved, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the technical effects brought by the present utility model.
[0024] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a rock in - situ biaxial stress - strain test device includes a hollow box body 1, a test piece 2, a vertical jack 3, a vertical pressure sensor 4, a left - hand stress application structure and a right - hand stress application structure 6;
[0025] The vertical pressure sensor 4 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end inside the box body 1; a first horizontal gasket 71 is arranged above the vertical pressure sensor 4;
[0026] The test piece 2 is arranged on the first horizontal gasket 71 at the bottom, and a measuring structure 8 for measuring the strain value of the test piece 2 is arranged on the test piece 2;
[0027] The vertical jack 3 is arranged in the middle of the top end inside the box body 1; the push rod of the vertical jack 3 is downward, and the end is connected to the upper part of the test piece 2 through a second horizontal gasket 72;
[0028] The left - hand stress application structure includes a horizontal jack 51, a connecting column 52, a horizontal pressure sensor 53 and a longitudinal bearing plate 54; the horizontal jack 51 is arranged in the middle of the left end inside the box body 1, the push rod of the horizontal jack 51 is connected to the right to the horizontal pressure sensor 53, the other end of the horizontal pressure sensor 53 is connected to the connecting column 52 through a first vertical gasket 55, and the connecting column 52 is connected to the left part of the test piece 2 through the longitudinal bearing plate 54;
[0029] The right - hand stress application structure 6 is the same as the left - hand stress application structure and is arranged on the right part of the test piece 2.
[0030] When using this device, first take out the completed coal blocks and process them into test pieces 2 in the shape of standard cuboids. Install a vertical pressure sensor 4 in the box body 1 and set the test piece 2. Set a vertical jack 3 above the test piece 2; set a horizontal jack 51 and a horizontal pressure sensor 53 on the left and right sides of the test piece 2 respectively; at this time, the first horizontal gasket 71 abuts against the bottom of the test piece 2, the second horizontal gasket 72 abuts against the upper part of the test piece 2, and two longitudinal bearing plates 54 abut against the left and right sides of the test piece 2 respectively. Record the values of the vertical pressure sensor 4 and the horizontal pressure sensor 53 at this time. Start the horizontal jack 51 and the vertical jack 3 to apply horizontal and vertical stresses to the in-situ stress level. Finally, record the horizontal position between the first horizontal gasket 71 and the second horizontal gasket 72 and the vertical position between the two longitudinal bearing plates 54 through the measuring structure 8, and monitor the stress and strain state of the test piece 2 during the mining process in real time. The test piece is taken from the site as it is, and the environment where the test piece is located during the test, such as temperature, humidity, and stress, is consistent with the in-situ environment, which can more truly reflect the in-situ mechanical behavior of the coal seam; the stress loading path of the specimen is consistent with the real stress path, which can more truly reflect the stress and strain behavior of the coal seam during the mining process. Moreover, when setting the first horizontal gasket 71 and the second horizontal gasket 72, their lengths are equal and they are coaxially arranged, and the two longitudinal bearing plates 54 are also coaxially arranged, which can evenly transfer the pressure to the side of the test piece.
[0031] As Figure 1 shown, as a preferred embodiment, it further includes a support device 9, which includes a bolt base 91, a steel plate platform 92, and a groove support plate 93; there are four bolt bases 91, which are respectively arranged at the bottom end in the box body 1 after passing through the four corners of the steel plate platform 92; the bottom end of the groove support plate 93 is arranged on the steel plate platform 92, and the upper part of the groove support plate 93 is open, and the opening receives the connecting column 52. In this embodiment, the support device 9 is provided. The bolt base 91 is set at the bottom of the box body 1 as an installation foundation, and the steel plate platform 92 is fixed through the bolt base 91 to form a stable fixed structure. The groove support plate 93 is arranged on the steel plate platform 92, and the opening of the groove support plate 93 matches the diameter of the connecting column 52. The connecting column 52 can be placed on the groove support plate 93 to bear the weight, ensuring that the horizontal pressure sensor 53, the horizontal jack 51, and the connecting column 52 are coaxial and ensuring the balance of pressure; when in use, the support device 9 can also be set for the right-side stress application structure 6 for support to ensure that the stresses applied on the left and right sides are the same. At the same time, the bolt base 91 can be used for height adjustment to adapt to the vertical position of the connecting column 52.
[0032] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, as a preferred embodiment, a plurality of groove support plates 93 are arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, a plurality of groove support plates 93 are provided, which respectively support different positions of the connecting column 52, improving the support effect.
[0033] As Figure 1 shown, as a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first lateral gaskets 71 are provided, and the bottom of the vertical pressure sensor 4 is connected to the middle of the bottom end inside the box body 1 through the first lateral gaskets 71. In order to make the force more uniform, a plurality of first lateral gaskets 71 are provided. The first lateral gaskets 71 below the test piece 2 are used to connect the test piece 2 and the vertical pressure sensor 4, and a plurality of first lateral gaskets 71 are provided at the connection between the vertical pressure sensor 4 and the box body 1. The specific number of settings can be determined according to the distance between the vertical pressure sensor 4 and the bottom of the box body 1.
[0034] As Figure 1 shown, as a preferred embodiment, a plurality of second lateral gaskets 72 are provided, and the top of the vertical jack 3 is connected to the middle of the top end of the box body 1 through the second lateral gaskets 72. In this embodiment, a plurality of second lateral gaskets 72 are provided. The second lateral gaskets 72 above the test piece 2 are used to connect the test piece 2 and the vertical jack 3, and the second lateral gaskets 72 are provided above the vertical jack 3 for more uniform force.
[0035] As Figure 1 shown, as a preferred embodiment, it further includes four grooved bearing plates 10, and the four grooved bearing plates 10 are respectively arranged in the middle of the top end, bottom end, left side and right side inside the box body 1 for connecting the vertical jack 3, the vertical pressure sensor 4 and the connecting column 52. In this embodiment, the grooved bearing plates 10 are arranged inside the box body 1. In actual use, the box body 1 is made of mortar. The grooved bearing plates 10 are arranged inside the box body 1 and become an integral body after the mortar solidifies, improving the stability of the device.
[0036] As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment, a second vertical gasket 56 is further provided at the left part of the lateral jack 51, and the left part of the second vertical gasket 56 is connected to the middle of the left end inside the box body 1 through the connecting column 52. In this embodiment, the second vertical gasket 56 is provided to connect the box body 1 and the lateral jack 51 to make the force more real and uniform.
[0037] As Figure 1 shown, as a preferred embodiment, the measuring structure 8 is a micrometer. In this embodiment, in order to measure the strain value more conveniently, the measuring structure 8 is set as a micrometer, and it includes a transverse micrometer and a longitudinal micrometer. When setting, the transverse micrometer and the longitudinal micrometer can be arranged on the test piece 2 or the first lateral gasket 71, the longitudinal bearing plate 54 for measuring displacement. The measuring structure 8 can also adopt other known scales for measuring positions.
[0038] The "connection" and "fixation" mentioned in the description of the present utility model can be fixed connection, processing and forming, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model should be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0039] In the description of the present utility model, terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying a specific orientation that the indicated device or element must have. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, rather than to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A rock mass in-situ biaxial stress-strain test device, characterized in that: It comprises a hollow box (1), a test piece (2), a vertical jack (3), a vertical pressure sensor (4), a left stress applying structure and a right stress applying structure (6); A vertical pressure sensor (4) is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the box body (1); a first transverse gasket (71) is provided on the upper part of the vertical pressure sensor (4); A test piece (2), the bottom of which is arranged on a first transverse gasket (71), and a measuring structure (8) for measuring a strain value of the test piece (2) is provided on the test piece (2); A vertical jack (3) is arranged at the middle of the top end of the box (1); a push rod of the vertical jack (3) is downwardly directed, and an end thereof is connected to the upper part of the test piece (2) via a second transverse gasket (72); The left side stress applying structure comprises a transverse jack (51), a connecting column (52), a transverse pressure sensor (53) and a longitudinal pressure plate (54); the transverse jack (51) is arranged at the middle of the left end of the box body (1); a push rod of the transverse jack (51) is connected to the transverse pressure sensor (53) to the right; the other end of the transverse pressure sensor (53) is connected to the connecting column (52) via a first vertical gasket (55); and the connecting column (52) is connected to the left part of the test piece (2) via the longitudinal pressure plate (54); The right side stress applying structure (6) is the same as the left side stress applying structure and is arranged on the right side of the test piece (2).
2. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a supporting device (9), including a bolt base (91), a steel plate platform (92) and a groove support plate (93); four bolt bases (91) are provided, which pass through the four corners of the steel plate platform (92) and are arranged at the bottom end in the box body (1); the bottom end of the groove support plate (93) is arranged on the steel plate platform (92), and the upper part of the groove support plate (93) is open, and the opening receives the connecting column (52).
3. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of groove support plates (93) are arranged in parallel.
4. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first transverse gaskets (71) are provided, and the bottom of the vertical pressure sensor (4) is connected to the middle of the bottom end in the box body (1) through the first transverse gasket (71).
5. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second transverse gaskets (72) are provided, and the top of the vertical jack (3) is connected to the middle of the top end of the box body (1) via the second transverse gasket (72).
6. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes four grooved pressure plates (10), which are respectively arranged at the top end, the bottom end, the left side and the middle of the right side of the box body (1) and are used to connect the vertical jack (3), the vertical pressure sensor (4) and the connecting column (52).
7. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second vertical gasket (56) is also provided on the left side of the transverse jack (51), and the left side of the second vertical gasket (56) is connected to the middle of the left end of the box body (1) through a connecting column (52).
8. The in-situ biaxial stress-strain testing device for rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring structure (8) is a micrometer.