Anti-blocking biomass gasification device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-blocking biomass gasification device which comprises a gasification furnace, an ash blocking cover is arranged at the top end in the gasification furnace, and the anti-blocking biomass gasification device further comprises an annular bottom plate connected with the lower end of the ash blocking cover and the inner wall of the gasification furnace. A plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom plate in the circumferential direction, one exhaust hole is connected with a gas pipeline inclining downwards, and the other exhaust holes serve as gas outlets. The exhaust end of the gas pipeline is connected with a cyclone dust collector, a liquid flow water seal mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector, and the liquid flow water seal mechanism is connected with a water pump used for conveying overflowing water back to the gasification furnace; the side wall of the gasification furnace is provided with a water return port for backflow water to pass through, and the water return port is higher than the bottom plate. Due to the arrangement of the anti-blocking distributor, circulating water can evenly moisten the wall of a gas pipe, solid oil residues in gas are prevented from making contact with the wall of the pipe, and therefore the good anti-blocking effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of biomass gasification, in particular to an anti-blocking biomass gasification device. Background Art

[0002] The upward-draft fixed-bed gasifier using biomass as raw material is currently a mainstream gasification operation mode in China. Compared with the downward-draft fixed-bed gasifier and fluidized-bed gasifier, it has higher gasification efficiency, simpler process flow, safe and stable working state. When used in conjunction with gas boilers or industrial drying equipment, it replaces and reduces the use of a large amount of high-priced natural gas, generating huge ecological and economic benefits.

[0003] However, during the briquetting and transportation of biomass (especially straw), due to the influence of raw material variety and processing machinery properties, resulting in differences in the mechanical strength of bio-particle compression, as well as the impact of raw material transportation and collision, a certain amount of broken powder is inevitable. During the process of materials entering the furnace, the broken powder is significantly reduced in weight due to high-temperature baking and oxidation reactions. Tiny carbon particles and fine ash of the raw materials will adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline during the process of passing through the pipeline. Under the repeated effects of high-temperature baking and adhesion, they will gradually accumulate and thicken, eventually blocking the gas pipeline. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a biomass gasification device with anti-blocking function to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, and realizes the anti-blocking function of the gas pipeline by arranging an anti-blocking distributor on the top of the gasifier.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A blockage-proof biomass gasification device comprises a gasifier, wherein an ash blocking hood is provided at the top of the gasifier, and further comprises an annular bottom plate connecting the outer wall of the ash blocking hood and the inner wall of the gasifier; a plurality of exhaust holes are circumferentially provided on the bottom plate, wherein one exhaust hole is connected to a gas pipeline inclined downward, and the remaining exhaust holes serve as gas outlets; a cyclone dust collector is connected to the exhaust end of the gas pipeline, a liquid water seal mechanism is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector, and a water pump for returning overflowed water to the gasifier is connected to the liquid water seal mechanism; a water return port is provided on the side wall of the gasifier for reflux water to pass through, and the height of the water return port is set higher than the height of the bottom plate.

[0007] Further solution: The upper parts of the remaining exhaust holes are also connected to exhaust pipes, and the height of the exhaust pipes is higher than the height of the gas pipeline.

[0008] Further solution: the top of the gas pipeline is higher than the upper end surface of the bottom plate, and the top of the gas pipeline has a serrated shape.

[0009] Further solution: the inner diameter of the exhaust hole connected to the gas pipeline is set larger than the inner diameters of the other exhaust holes.

[0010] Further solution: an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the gasifier.

[0011] Further solution: the water return port and the water pump are connected by a water return pipe; a backwash pipe is connected between the water return port and the bottom of the cyclone dust collector, and the backwash pipe is connected to a slag discharge pump.

[0012] Further solution: A steam inlet is also provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector, the steam inlet is connected to a steam pipeline, and a pressurized fan is connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector.

[0013] Further solution: the number of exhaust holes is 8-10.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] The utility model uses the anti-blocking distributor to evenly moisten the gas pipe wall with circulating water, preventing solid oil residue in the gas from contacting the pipe wall, thus achieving a good anti-blocking effect. Compared with the form of spraying the pipe wall, this solution uses less water and minimizes water evaporation and atomization. Only a very small part of the water will enter the gas system, and only a small amount of circulating water needs to be supplemented.

[0016] The anti-blocking distributor is located at the top of the gasifier, and the space is relatively independent. During operation, a certain pressure difference is generated between this space and the empty layer of the gasifier. Due to the existence of the pressure difference and the design that the gas inlet diameter is smaller than the gas outlet diameter, the inlet and outflow flows are generally balanced, and it is not easy to produce biased flow, thereby avoiding affecting the gasification efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the anti-blocking distributor in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a side sectional view of the anti-blocking distributor in the utility model;

[0020] In the figure: 1-gasification furnace, 2-ash blocking hood, 3-bottom plate, 4-exhaust hole, 5-gas pipeline, 6-cyclone dust collector, 7-liquid flow water seal mechanism, 8-sewage pump, 9-return water outlet, 10-exhaust pipe, 11-air inlet, 12-return water pipe, 13-backwash pipe, 14-steam pipeline, 15-pressurized fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0023] See also Figure 1-3 In the present embodiment, a blockage-proof biomass gasification device includes a gasifier 1, a dust hood 2 is provided at the top of the gasifier 1, and also includes an annular bottom plate 3 connecting the lower end of the outer wall of the ash hood 2 and the inner wall of the gasifier 1. An annular cavity is formed by the bottom plate 3, the ash hood 2, the top wall and the side wall of the gasifier 1. For the convenience of description, it is called an anti-blocking distributor; a plurality of exhaust holes 4 are circumferentially provided on the bottom plate 3, one of the exhaust holes 1 is connected to a gas pipeline 5 inclined downward, and the remaining exhaust holes 4 serve as gas outlets; a cyclone dust collector 6 is connected to the exhaust end of the gas pipeline 5, a liquid water seal mechanism 7 is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 6, and the liquid water seal mechanism 7 is connected to a water pump for returning overflowed water to the gasifier 1; a return water port 9 for reflux water is provided on the side wall of the gasifier 1, and the height of the return water port 9 is higher than the height of the bottom plate 3. The liquid flow water seal mechanism 7 is connected to the circulating water pool, and the overflowed water flows into the circulating water pool, and is sent back to the anti-blocking distributor through the return pipe 12 and the water pump, and the water flows onto the bottom plate 3, and then flows to each exhaust hole 4. The water entering the gas pipeline 5 flows down along the inner wall of the pipeline, and the water flows down and flows into the cyclone dust collector 6. The water flow can moisturize the gas pipe wall, and tar and dust cannot adhere to the pipe wall under the separation effect of the water flow, which plays an anti-blocking role.

[0024] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe 10 is connected to the upper part of the remaining exhaust holes 4, and the height of the exhaust pipe 10 is higher than the height of the gas pipeline 5. The exhaust pipe 10 can balance the gas output and is used to smoothly output the gas to the gas pipeline 5. The height of the exhaust pipe 10 is higher than the gas pipeline 5 to prevent water from flowing back into the bottom of the gasifier 1 and affecting the gasification reaction.

[0025] Furthermore, the top of the gas pipe 5 is higher than the upper end surface of the bottom plate 3, and the top of the gas pipe 5 is serrated. The water flows through the serrated end, which destroys the water tension to a certain extent, so that the water can flow to the inner wall of the gas pipe 5 more evenly.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the exhaust hole 4 connected to the gas pipeline 5 is 1.5 times the inner diameter of the other exhaust holes 4. The anti-blocking distributor is located at the upper part of the gasifier 1, and the space is relatively independent. During operation, a certain pressure difference is generated between the space and the empty layer of the gasifier 1. Due to the existence of the pressure difference and the design that the gas inlet diameter is smaller than the gas outlet diameter, the inlet and outlet flows are generally balanced, and it is not easy to produce bias flow, thereby avoiding affecting the gasification efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, an air inlet 11 is provided at the bottom of the gasifier 1. The air inlet 11 is connected to an air blower, and air enters the gasifier 1 from the air inlet 11, and performs oxidation, reduction, dry distillation and other reactions after contacting the straw.

[0028] Furthermore, the water return port 9 is also connected to a backwash pipe 13, the backwash pipe 13 is connected to a slag discharge pump 8, and the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 6 is connected to the backwash pipe 13. The doped oil residue enters the cyclone dust collector 6 with the water flow and is deposited at its bottom. The water flow in the backwash pipe 13 continuously washes upward at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 6 to avoid the deposition of oil residue. The sewage pump 8 is started intermittently to extract the oil residue. Preferably, a filter can also be connected to the outlet end of the slag discharge pump 8 to achieve slag-liquid separation, and the filtered water is then returned to the gasifier 1 through a water pump for recycling.

[0029] Furthermore, a steam reverse purge inlet is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 6, and the steam inlet is connected to a steam pipe 14. When necessary, steam is blown upward from the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 6 to prevent low-temperature blockage of oil residue deposited at the bottom of the dust collector.

[0030] Furthermore, a pressurized fan 15 is connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector 6 .

[0031] Furthermore, the number of the exhaust holes 4 is 8-10.

[0032] When the utility model is in operation, air enters the gasifier 1 from the air inlet 11, and reacts with the biomass (straw in this embodiment) through oxidation, reduction, dry distillation, etc., and the generated gas goes up, enters the anti-blocking distributor through the exhaust pipe 10, and then enters the cyclone dust collector 6 through the gas pipe 5 for gas-solid separation. The straw gas containing gaseous tar and water is sent to the hot blast furnace or gas boiler for combustion under the action of the pressure fan, and the generated hot flue gas or steam can be used for heating, steam supply and power generation. The circulating water enters the anti-blocking distributor from the return water port 9, and then flows downward along the pipe wall of the gas pipe 5, enters the cyclone dust collector 6, and is collected in the liquid flow water seal mechanism 7 under the action of gravity. After the water level overflows, it flows into the circulating water pool, and then flows back to the anti-blocking distributor of the gasifier 1 through the return water pipe 12 connected to the circulating water pool, forming a cycle. The oil residue in the water flow enters the cyclone dust collector 6 with the water flow and is deposited at its bottom, and is discharged from the system outside through the slag discharge pump 8.

[0033] Although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode includes only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0034] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present application; that is, all equivalent changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification device with anti-blocking function, comprising a gasifier (1), wherein an ash blocking hood (2) is provided at the top of the gasifier (1), characterized in that: It also includes an annular bottom plate (3) connecting the outer wall of the ash blocking hood (2) and the inner wall of the gasifier (1); the bottom plate (3) is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes (4) in the circumferential direction, one of the exhaust holes (1) is connected to a gas pipeline (5) inclined downward, and the remaining exhaust holes (4) serve as gas outlets; the exhaust end of the gas pipeline (5) is connected to a cyclone dust collector (6), a liquid flow water seal mechanism (7) is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (6), and the liquid flow water seal mechanism (7) is connected to a water pump for returning overflowed water to the gasifier (1); the side wall of the gasifier (1) is provided with a return water port (9) for returning water to pass through, and the height of the return water port (9) is higher than the height of the bottom plate (3).

2. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper parts of the remaining exhaust holes (4) are also connected to exhaust pipes (10), and the height of the exhaust pipes (10) is higher than the height of the gas pipeline (5).

3. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the gas pipeline (5) is higher than the upper end surface of the bottom plate (3), and the top of the gas pipeline (5) has a sawtooth shape.

4. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the exhaust hole (4) connected to the gas pipeline (5) is larger than the inner diameters of the other exhaust holes (4).

5. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the gasifier (1) is provided with an air inlet (11).

6. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return water port (9) is connected to the water pump by a return water pipe (12); the return water port (9) is also connected to a backwashing pipe (13); the bottom end of the cyclone dust collector (6) is connected to the backwashing pipe (13); and the rear end of the backwashing pipe (13) is connected to a slag discharge pump (8).

7. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cyclone dust collector (6) is also provided with a steam inlet, which is connected to a steam pipeline (14), and the top of the cyclone dust collector (6) is connected to a pressurized fan (15).

8. The anti-blocking biomass gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the exhaust holes (4) is 8-10.

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