Combined holding-up hammer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of holding-up hammers, in particular to a combined holding-up hammer, which comprises a conical hammer core with a working portion arranged on the upper portion and a protruding portion arranged on the lower portion. The mounting sleeve is provided with a mounting surface which is in interference fit with the outer surface of the cone of the hammer core, an adjusting structure is arranged at the lower part of the mounting sleeve, and a matching part matched with the protruding part is arranged in the mounting sleeve; the upper part of the cushion block is connected with the lower part of the matching part, a gap is formed between the side wall of the cushion block and the mounting sleeve, and the adjusting structure is supported on the side wall of the cushion block, so that the pressure bearing performance of the anvil is improved, the service life of the anvil is prolonged, and the production and operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a combined anvil, belonging to the technical field of anvils. Background Art

[0002] At present, six-sided top presses are commonly used in the synthesis of artificial diamonds. Its working principle is to squeeze the synthesis material by hydraulically synchronously pushing six anvils, so that the synthesis material undergoes qualitative changes under high temperature and high pressure conditions to form diamonds. During the production of artificial diamonds by six-sided top presses, the anvil is a key component, directly contacting the synthesis block and bearing ultra-high pressure. Under the working state of repeated ultra-high pressure and high temperature alternating loads, the anvil is extremely prone to damage. Moreover, during the working process, in the long-term high temperature and high pressure use environment of the six-sided top press, the fit deviation occurs between the originally precisely matched components, resulting in inconsistent output pressure action points of the six anvils. Over time, the anvil will also be damaged due to local stress concentration. Therefore, improving the pressure-bearing performance of the anvil and avoiding anvil wear caused by fit deviation will directly reflect in the reduction of production and operation costs and the improvement of product competitiveness, which is also the main goal pursued by each diamond manufacturer. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the utility model provides a combined anvil.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A combined anvil includes: an anvil core, the anvil core is conical, a working part is arranged on the upper part of the anvil core, and a protruding part is arranged on the lower part; a mounting sleeve, the mounting sleeve has a mounting surface that is in interference fit with the conical outer surface of the anvil core, and an adjusting structure is arranged on its lower part, and a matching part adapted to the protruding part is arranged inside the mounting sleeve; a spacer, the upper part of the spacer is connected to the lower part of the matching part, and there is a gap between the side wall of the spacer and the mounting sleeve and the adjusting structure supports on the side wall of the spacer.

[0005] Further, the protruding part is a cone facing outwards with a cross-section composed of two straight lines or a protrusion facing outwards with a cross-section composed of an arc.

[0006] Further, the mounting sleeve includes a first part extending obliquely outwards and a second part connected to the first part and extending downwards, and the adjusting structure is arranged on the second part.

[0007] Further, the upper part of the matching part is arranged in the first part and the first part has a mounting surface that is in interference fit with the outer surface of the matching part.

[0008] Further, the gap between the second part and the side wall of the spacer is 1-4 mm.

[0009] Further, the lower part of the fitting part is arranged as a conical buffer part, and the included angle range between the inclined surface of the conical buffer part and the plane where the bottom surface of the fitting part is located is 40-50 degrees.

[0010] Further, the thickness H1 of the second part is 0.5-1.1 times the contact height H2 between the hammer core and the first part.

[0011] Further, the adjusting structure includes a threaded hole penetrating through the side wall of the mounting sleeve. There is an adjusting bolt with threaded fit in the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting bolt passes through the threaded hole and supports on the side wall of the cushion block.

[0012] Further, the inner diameter D2 of the second part is 1.5-2.0 times the bottom diameter D1 of the hammer core.

[0013] Further, 4-6 groups of adjusting structures are evenly arranged around the mounting sleeve.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) Through the collaborative cooperation of the protruding part and the fitting part, the protruding part has a certain outward extrusion force on the fitting part. As a reaction force, the fitting part generates a pressure on the protruding part towards the working part, so that the area with the maximum force on the anvil is a spherical-like area directly below the top plane, and the force on the periphery of the hammer core is smaller, further prolonging the service life of the hammer core and reducing the production and operation costs;

[0016] (2) There is a gap between the mounting sleeve and the side wall of the cushion block. The position of the hammer core can be finely adjusted within the gap range through the adjusting structure, which is convenient for subsequent centering adjustment;

[0017] (3) By arranging a protruding part at the lower part of the hammer core, the height of the hammer core is increased axially, so that the volume of the middle position of the hammer core is relatively large, and the compressive capacity of the hammer core is correspondingly improved. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the combined anvil provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view of the hammer core provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is another front view of the hammer core provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the mounting sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the fitting part provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the combined anvil provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1, anvil core; 11, protruding part; 12, working part; 3, spacer; 4, mounting sleeve; 41, first part; 42, second part; 43, threaded hole; 44, adjusting bolt; 45, mating part; 450, conical buffer part; 451, disassembly hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The following makes a detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present utility model. The present utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the disclosed specific embodiments.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used are only for describing the specific implementation manners and do not limit the present utility model.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, the present utility model provides a combined anvil, including: an anvil core 1, the lower part of the anvil core 1 is a cylinder, and the upper part is a working part 12 in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid frustum that rises from the outside to the inside. An axially coaxial protruding part 11 with the anvil core 1 is integrally formed at the lower part of the anvil core 1. Hereinafter, the so-called "upper part" refers to the end close to the compression medium, and the "lower part" refers to the end close to the six-sided top press; a mounting sleeve 4, the upper part of the mounting sleeve 4 has a mounting surface that is in interference fit with the conical outer surface of the anvil core 1, and an adjusting structure for finely adjusting the position of the anvil core 1 is provided at its lower part. A mating part 45 is arranged inside the mounting sleeve 4, and a recess adapted to the protruding part 11 is provided at the upper part of the mating part 45; a spacer 3, the upper part of the spacer 3 is a cylinder that abuts against the lower part of the mating part 45. The spacer 3 and the bottom surface of the mating part 45 are in surface contact, and its lower part is frustum-shaped. A plurality of connection holes for connecting the piston of the six-sided top press are arranged around the frustum-shaped lower part of the spacer 3; the mating part 45 and the mounting sleeve 4 are detachably connected. The anvil core 1, the mating part 45, and the spacer 3 are sequentially installed inside the mounting sleeve 4 from top to bottom. There is a gap between the side wall of the lower part of the mating part 45 and the side wall of the spacer 3 and the mounting sleeve 4, and the adjusting structure supports on the side wall of the spacer 3.

[0029] It should be noted that after the protrusion 11 is adapted to be installed in place with the mating part 45, the mating part 45 is used to provide good support for the protrusion 11. During the actual processing, a certain error between the protrusion 11 and the mating part 45 is allowed. The protrusion 11 and the mating part 45 have a certain deformation under external pressure to coordinate the mating gap caused by the error.

[0030] First, by setting the protrusion 11, the volume of the middle part of the hammer core 1 is larger, increasing the strength of the middle part, preventing the problem of low strength in the middle position of the top surface of the working part 12, and making it inapplicable to scenarios with large loads, thus extending the service life of the hammer core 1. Secondly, through the collaborative cooperation of the protrusion 11 and the mating part 45, the protrusion 11 has a certain outward extrusion force on the mating part 45. As a reaction force, the mating part 45 generates a pressure on the protrusion 11 towards the working part 12, so that the area with the maximum force on the anvil is a spherical-like area directly below the top plane, and the force on the periphery of the hammer core 1 is smaller, further extending the service life of the hammer core 1. In addition, during the production process of synthetic diamond, in the long-term high-temperature and high-pressure use environment of the six-sided press, the mating deviation occurs between the originally precisely matched components, resulting in the output pressure of the six-sided press not being concentrated at one point. Therefore, unnecessary hammer consumption will be caused due to the centering problem. There is a gap between the mounting sleeve 4 and the side wall of the cushion block 3, and the positions of the hammer core 1 and the mounting sleeve 4 can be finely adjusted within the gap range to reduce the hammer consumption caused by the centering problem.

[0031] Specifically, the protrusion 11 is a cone facing outward with a cross-section composed of two straight lines or a protrusion facing outward with a cross-section composed of an arc, such as Figure 2 shown. When the protrusion 11 is a protrusion facing outward with a cross-section composed of an arc, although the mass of the hammer core 1 increases to a certain extent, the strengthening ability of the middle region of the hammer core 1 increases, and the arc-shaped structure can reduce the stress concentration caused by the boundary effect and avoid local damage caused by stress concentration; as Figure 3 shown. When the protrusion 11 is a cone facing outward with a cross-section composed of two straight lines, the hammer core 1 has the smallest mass while ensuring the middle strength, and the preparation cost is reduced. Preferably, as Figure 1 shown, the cross-section of the protrusion 11 is a straight line, but its bottom has a flat step. Correspondingly, a disassembly hole 451 is provided at the position of the mating part 45 corresponding to the flat step. When the hammer core 1 is damaged, the damaged hammer core 1 can be quickly replaced through the disassembly hole 451. Through the above settings, both the pressure-bearing performance of the hammer core 1 is improved and the replacement of the hammer core 1 is facilitated.

[0032] Specifically, the mounting sleeve 4 includes a first part 41 extending obliquely outward and a second part 42 connected to the first part 41 and extending downward. An adjusting structure is provided on the second part 42. The first part 41 and the second part 42 are integrally formed or an integral structure formed by machining. Preferably, the first part 41 has the same taper as the working part 12. By setting the same taper, the pressure-bearing capacity of the mounting sleeve 4 can be enhanced, and the applicability during the operation of the six-sided top press can be ensured. The first part 41 has a mounting surface that is in interference fit with the conical outer surface of the hammer core 1. An adjusting structure is provided on the second part 42. The hammer core 1 and the mounting sleeve 4 are in interference fit. By setting the interference fit between the hammer core 1 and the mounting sleeve 4, it can be ensured that the hammer core 1 does not twist during the working process, reducing the possible stress concentration phenomenon of the hammer core 1 and extending the service life of the hammer core 1.

[0033] Specifically, the upper part of the fitting part 45 is arranged in the first part 41, and the first part 41 has a mounting surface that is in interference fit with the conical outer surface of the fitting part 45. A recess adapted to the protruding part 11 is provided on the top surface of the fitting part 45. By the interference fit between the fitting part 45 and the mounting sleeve 4, the stability of the hammer core 1 during the working process can be further ensured, and it is more conducive to the uniform stress distribution between the hammer core 1 and the fitting part 45. Preferably, there is a gap between the lower part of the fitting part 45 and the mounting sleeve 4. On the premise of ensuring the stability of the hammer core 1 and the uniform stress distribution, during the working process, the position of the mounting sleeve 4 can be finely adjusted through the interaction between the pistons driving the anvils to achieve a better matching state between the anvils, further improving the applicability and stability during the operation of the six-sided top press.

[0034] Specifically, the gap between the second part 42 and the side wall of the spacer 3 is 1-4 mm. When the gap is less than 1 mm, the fine-tuning range is too small, resulting in poor centering even after fine-tuning the hammer core 1. It is necessary to first adjust the six-sided top press and then fine-tune the centering of the hammer core 1, which is time-consuming and laborious and affects the work efficiency. When the gap is greater than 4 mm, although the fine-tuning range becomes larger, correspondingly, as the gap increases, affected by the compressive stress and shear stress during the working process, the overall stability during the work will become worse.

[0035] Specifically, a conical buffer portion 450 is provided at the lower part of the fitting portion 45. The lower part of the conical buffer portion 450 is a cylindrical base. The included angle between the inclined surface of the conical buffer portion 450 and the plane where the bottom surface of the fitting portion 45 is located ranges from 40 to 50 degrees. When the included angle is less than 40 degrees, during the working process, the fitting portion 45 is prone to damage when receiving the stress from the hammer core 1. When the included angle is greater than 50 degrees, the overall structure is not compact, and the usage amount of high-strength steel is excessively increased. Preferably, a cushion layer is provided in the depression on the top surface of the fitting portion 45. The cushion layer is a high-strength powder with a certain fluidity, such as high-strength steel powder or ceramic material. Because machining inevitably has machining accuracy errors, resulting in uneven contact surfaces between the protruding portion 11 and the fitting portion 45, during the working process, local stress concentration of the hammer core 1 is caused, resulting in damage and scrapping of the hammer core 1. Since the metal powder can have relative fluidity, after the protruding portion 11 and the fitting portion 45 are installed, the metal powder can fill the gap between the protruding portion 11 and the fitting portion 45, and the surface contact between the protruding portion 11 and the fitting portion 45 is achieved through the cushion layer, which is beneficial to uniform stress distribution and further extends the service life of the hammer core 1 and the fitting portion 45.

[0036] Specifically, the thickness H1 of the second part 42 is 0.5 - 1.1 times the contact height H2 between the hammer core 1 and the first part 41. When the thickness ratio is less than 0.5 times, the thickness of the second part 42 is too thin to offset the stress generated during the working process, and fatigue failure of the second part 42 will occur over time. When the thickness ratio is greater than 1.1 times, although the pressure resistance performance of the second part 42 is enhanced, the usage amount of high-strength steel will also be excessively increased correspondingly, increasing the production and operation costs. By limiting the ratio within the above range, on the premise of ensuring the service life of the mounting sleeve 4, the production and operation costs are reduced, making the combined anvil structure compact.

[0037] Specifically, the adjusting structure includes a thread penetrating the side wall of the mounting sleeve 4. The axis of the threaded hole 43 is perpendicular to the side wall of the second part 42. A adjusting bolt 44 with a threaded fit is provided in the threaded hole 43. One end of the adjusting bolt 44 passes through the thread and supports on the side wall of the cushion block 33. Preferably, 4 - 6 groups of adjusting structures are evenly arranged around the side wall of the second part 42.

[0038] Specifically, the inner diameter D2 of the bottom of the mounting sleeve 4 is 1.5 - 2.0 times the bottom diameter D1 of the hammer core 1. When the inner diameter D2 of the bottom of the mounting sleeve 4 is less than 1.5 times the bottom diameter D1 of the hammer core 1, in order to ensure applicability, on the premise that the taper of the working part 12 is the same as that of the first part 41, the lower diameter of the mating part 45 and the upper diameter of the spacer 3 are reduced, and the angle between the bottom and the side wall of the mating part 45 is increased, resulting in excessive stress at the angle between the bottom and the side wall of the mating part 45 and shortening the service life of the mating part 45. When the inner diameter D2 of the bottom of the mounting sleeve 4 is greater than 2.0 times the bottom diameter D1 of the hammer core 1, although the compressive properties of the mating part 45 and the spacer 3 are improved, the inner and outer connection points of the first part 41 and the second part 42 approach the same plane, resulting in a decrease in the compressive performance of the mounting sleeve 4; Preferably, rounded transitions are provided at the corners of each component. By providing rounded transitions, the stress concentration at the connection caused by the cross-sectional change can be reduced, which is beneficial to extending the service life.

[0039] Preferably, the hammer core 1 of the present invention is made of cemented carbide material, such as tungsten carbide cemented carbide, and the mounting sleeve 4 is made of high-strength steel. During use, the high-strength steel material used for the mounting sleeve 4 has a certain deformation relative to the cemented carbide material, which can coordinate the extremely small errors generated during the assembly process. When the hammer core 1 is in use and is hermetically fitted with other hammer cores 1 and the force is uneven, the influence of the uneven force on the service life of the hammer core 1 can be reduced. It should be noted that the high-strength steel used for the mounting sleeve 4 can be carbon steel, alloy steel, or carbon steel or alloy steel that has been quenched and tempered or annealed, as long as it meets the corresponding tensile strength. In the embodiment of the present invention, high-strength alloy steel is preferably used; the mounting sleeve 4 can also be made of high-strength and high-toughness ceramics.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] Such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the present utility model provides a combined anvil, comprising: a hammer core 1, the lower part of the hammer core 1 is a cylinder, and the upper part is a working part 12 in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid frustum that rises from the outside to the inside. An outstanding part 11 coaxial with the hammer core 1 is integrally formed at the lower part of the hammer core 1; a mounting sleeve 4, the upper part of the mounting sleeve 4 has a mounting surface that is in interference fit with the conical outer surface of the hammer core 1, and an adjusting structure for finely adjusting the position of the hammer core 1 is arranged at its lower part. A fitting part 45 is arranged inside the mounting sleeve 4, and a depression adapted to the outstanding part 11 is arranged at the upper part of the fitting part 45; a cushion block 3, the upper part of the cushion block 3 is a cylinder that abuts against the lower part of the fitting part 45, the cushion block 3 and the bottom surface of the fitting part 45 are in surface contact, and its lower part is frustum-shaped. A plurality of connection holes for connecting the piston of a six-sided top press are arranged around the frustum-shaped lower part of the cushion block 3. The fitting part 45 and the mounting sleeve 4 are an integral structure formed by processing. The hammer core 1 is installed in the mounting sleeve 4, its lower part abuts against the upper part of the fitting part 45, the cushion block 3 is installed below the fitting part 45, and there is a gap between the side wall of the cushion block 3 and the mounting sleeve 4. The adjusting structure is supported on the side wall of the cushion block 3.

[0042] Other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0043] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brief description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are exhausted. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0044] For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model is subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A combined top hammer, characterized in that: include: A hammer core, the hammer core is in a cone shape, a working portion is provided at the upper portion of the hammer core, and a protruding portion is provided at the lower portion; A mounting sleeve, wherein the mounting sleeve has a mounting surface that is interference-fitted with the outer surface of the cone of the hammer core, an adjusting structure is provided at the lower part, and a matching portion that is adapted to the protrusion is provided inside the mounting sleeve; A cushion block, wherein the upper portion of the cushion block is connected to the lower portion of the matching portion, a gap is provided between the side wall of the cushion block and the mounting sleeve, and the adjustment structure is supported on the side wall of the cushion block.

2. A combined top hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion is a cone with two straight lines in cross section and facing outwards, or a protrusion with an arc in cross section and facing outwards.

3. A combined top hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation sleeve comprises a first portion extending obliquely outward and a second portion connected to the first portion and extending downward, wherein the second portion is provided with an adjustment structure.

4. A combined top hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper portion of the matching portion is arranged in the first portion and the first portion has a mounting surface which is interference-fitted with the outer surface of the matching portion.

5. A combined top hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gap between the second portion and the side wall of the pad is 1-4 mm.

6. A combined top hammer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower part of the matching part is arranged as a conical buffer part, and the angle between the inclined surface of the conical buffer part and the plane where the bottom surface of the matching part is located is in the range of 40-50 degrees.

7. A combined top hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness H1 of the second portion is 0.5-1.1 times the contact height H2 between the hammer core and the first portion.

8. A combined top hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure comprises a threaded hole penetrating through the side wall of the mounting sleeve, wherein the threaded hole is provided with an adjustment bolt with threaded fit, and one end of the adjustment bolt passes through the threaded hole and is supported on the side wall of the cushion block.

9. A combined top hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second portion inner diameter D2 is 1.5-2.0 times the bottom diameter D1 of the hammer core.

10. A combined top hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4-6 groups of adjustment structures are evenly arranged around the installation sleeve.

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