Clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural production equipment and comprises a combustion chamber, an interlayer shell, a smoke guide radiating pipe, a dust collecting box, a gas guide pipe, a poison gas removing box, a dispersing pipe and an air blower. The dust collecting box is composed of an upper sleeve and a dust collecting bottom box, the upper sleeve and the dust collecting bottom box are connected into a detachable structure through threads, a second-level dust collecting net and a first-level dust collecting net are sequentially arranged in the upper sleeve from top to bottom, and the poison gas removing box is connected with the dust collecting box through a gas guide pipe. The dispersing pipe is connected with the poison gas removing box through a gas guide pipe, and the air blower is connected with the combustion chamber through a guide pipe. The device is suitable for obtaining the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer by taking biomass such as straws, weeds, chaff, spike stalks and bran as raw materials in a combustion manner, has the advantages of compact structure, simplicity and convenience in operation and capability of greatly reducing the manufacturing cost and the operation and use cost, fully utilizes the existing resources of vast rural areas, and has the ecological advantage of turning waste into wealth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a device for preparing a clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer, belonging to the technical field of agricultural production equipment. Background Technique

[0002] In agricultural production, the rational use of fertilizers is crucial for the growth of crops and the improvement of yields. Traditional fertilizers include inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers, and their forms or usage states include solids and liquids, which are respectively called solid fertilizers and liquid fertilizers, and mainly rely on the roots of plants to absorb fertilizers. With the development of technology, people's understanding and development and utilization of fertilizers have been continuously deepened. Gas fertilizers have been discovered and gradually put into application. Gas fertilizers mainly rely on the leaves of plants to absorb and utilize. The so-called gas fertilizer refers to a fertilizer in a gaseous state at normal temperature and pressure. Carbon dioxide is considered to be a high-quality gas fertilizer through experimental research. Carbon dioxide is the main raw material for plant photosynthesis. Usually, for every 1 g of dry matter formed by plants, about 1.6 g of carbon dioxide needs to be absorbed, which is about 40 times that of absorbing mineral elements. Research has confirmed that increasing the carbon dioxide concentration can improve the intensity of crop photosynthesis, not only can promote the vegetative growth of plant root, stem and leaf organs, but also can promote the reproductive growth of flower and fruit organs, thereby increasing the yields of vegetables, fruits and food crops, and being beneficial to the early maturity and high yield of crops and improving the quality. For example, after applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer, crops such as tomatoes, eggplants, beans, strawberries, cucumbers, zucchinis and loofahs show a short cultivation period, large individual size, many fruits, and a yield increase of 20% - 50%.

[0003] When the carbon dioxide concentration is doubled within a certain range, the average yield increase of crops is 32%. Controlling the carbon dioxide concentration at 1000 - 1200 ppm can achieve the best effect, while the average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is only 350 ppm. Therefore, it is necessary to artificially increase carbon dioxide to raise the carbon dioxide concentration in the crop cultivation site to the optimal concentration.

[0004] At present, most of the existing carbon dioxide gas fertilizer preparation devices are based on the acidolysis reaction principle to prepare carbon dioxide. Their disadvantages are that they consume a large amount of inorganic or organic acids and produce a large amount of polluting reaction products. For example: (1) The gas fertilizer generator with the application (patent) number CN92240065.2 consists of a basin-shaped cover, a reagent kit, a liquid injection port, a needle valve rod, a valve body, a raw material barrel, a lifting beam and an umbrella-shaped cone. The reagent kit and the liquid injection port are bonded or injection-molded on the basin-shaped cover. Below it is the raw material barrel. The lifting beam is installed on the raw material barrel. The dropping speed of the liquid reagent is controlled by adjusting the cooperation between the needle valve rod and the valve body, so as to control the chemical reaction amount to obtain different amounts of carbon dioxide gas; (2) The gas fertilizer generator with the application (patent) number CN 01201878.3 consists of an acid storage tank, a reactor, a metering ring and a purifier. The acid storage tank is fixed on the upper half of the generator, and the reactor and the purifier are fixed on the lower half of the generator. In the middle between the upper half and the lower half is an annular metering ring. The reactor and the purifier are connected by a conduit. The upper, middle and lower parts are all connected by threads; (3) The new type of carbon dioxide generator for vegetable greenhouses developed by Shandong University of Technology uses sulfuric acid and ammonium bicarbonate to react to produce carbon dioxide.

[0005] In recent years, plant factories have emerged at home and abroad, and carbon dioxide is generally used as a gas fertilizer. The carbon dioxide used is liquefied carbon dioxide filled in steel cylinders produced by gas companies. It not only requires a large investment in equipment and high operating technical requirements, but also has a high operating cost.

[0006] Greenhouse vegetable production has developed rapidly in China and is currently the main body and mainstream development direction of facility agriculture. According to the survey results, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer is generally not used yet. The main reason is that the existing carbon dioxide gas fertilizer preparation equipment has problems such as large capital investment, dependence on purchased preparation raw materials, environmental pollution by reaction products, high operating costs, and inconvenient operation, and cannot well adapt to the resource and environmental conditions in rural areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a carbon dioxide gas fertilizer preparation equipment that is suitable for the actual resource and environmental conditions in rural areas, has a low construction cost, a low operating cost, and is more convenient to operate.

[0007] On the other hand, China is a large agricultural country, producing about 800 million tons of various crop straws such as corn, wheat, rice, and soybeans every year, and at the same time producing a large amount of biomass such as field weeds, rice husks, ear axes, and wheat bran. Most of these large amounts of biomass materials in rural areas are treated as garbage and waste. If directly incinerated or landfilled, it will not only pollute the environment but also cause waste of resources. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new ways for their high-value conversion and utilization. However, there is currently no special equipment for preparing carbon dioxide gas fertilizer using biomass materials such as crop straws, weeds, rice husks, ear axes, and wheat bran as raw materials, and the development and application of related equipment are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a device for preparing clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] The device for preparing clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer of the present utility model includes: a combustion chamber, a sandwich shell, a smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe, a dust collection box, a gas guiding pipe, a poisonous gas removal box, a dispersion pipe and a blower. A chamber door is arranged on the side of the sandwich shell, a one-way valve, a liquid adding connecting pipe and a valve are arranged on the top of the sandwich shell, and a liquid discharging connecting pipe and a valve are arranged on the bottom of the sandwich shell. A fuel support plate is arranged inside the combustion chamber, and an opening and a channel corresponding to the chamber door are arranged on the side of the combustion chamber. The dust collection box is composed of an upper sleeve and a dust collection bottom box, and the upper sleeve and the dust collection bottom box are connected by threads into a detachable structure. The upper sleeve is a cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end. A connecting pipe opening is arranged at the center of the closed end of the upper sleeve, and a thread is arranged at the lower edge of the open end of the upper sleeve. A secondary dust collection net and a primary dust collection net are sequentially arranged inside the upper sleeve from top to bottom. The blower is connected to the combustion chamber through a conduit.

[0010] The combustion chamber and the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe are arranged inside the sandwich shell. The smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe is arranged above the combustion chamber and is connected to the combustion chamber through a threaded interface. The dust collection box is arranged above the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe and is connected to the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe through a threaded interface. The poisonous gas removal box is connected to the dust collection box through a gas guiding pipe, and the dispersion pipe is connected to the poisonous gas removal box through a gas guiding pipe.

[0011] A sandwich cavity with a sandwich structure is formed between the combustion chamber and the sandwich shell, and water is filled in the sandwich cavity.

[0012] The fuel support plate is an arc-shaped hollow reticulated metal plate with a concave middle part.

[0013] The smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe is a metal pipe with a hollow interior, a cylindrical outer shape and a spiral winding.

[0014] The secondary dust collection net is a conical or arc-shaped metal net with a pore size of 100-150 meshes, and the primary dust collection net is a conical or arc-shaped metal net with a pore size of 50-80 meshes.

[0015] The dust collection bottom box is a cylinder with circular openings at both the upper and lower ends and threads at the openings. The diameter of the upper circular opening is slightly larger and is threadedly matched with the open end of the upper sleeve. The diameter of the lower circular opening is slightly smaller and is threadedly matched with the end of the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe. An annular ring is arranged at the central part inside the dust collection bottom box. The diameter of the annular ring is slightly larger than the diameter of the lower circular opening, and the height of the annular ring is less than the height of the dust collection bottom box.

[0016] The gas removal tank is filled with sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium carbonate solution. A liquid addition connection pipe and a valve are provided at the top of the gas removal tank, and a liquid outlet connection pipe and a valve are provided at the bottom of the gas removal tank.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: 1. The structure is compact and the operation is simple, which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost and the operation cost.

[0018] 2. The raw materials are fully burned in the combustion chamber. The dust generated by combustion is effectively captured and can be used as agricultural fertilizer; sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide generated by combustion are removed and converted into non-toxic sodium sulfite and sodium nitrate, which can be used as agricultural fertilizer; the heat energy generated by combustion is absorbed and stored, and can be used to adjust the temperature of plastic greenhouses and greenhouses. The whole preparation process neither uses toxic and harmful chemical raw materials nor discharges toxic and harmful products into the environment, having the advantage of being clean and pollution-free.

[0019] 3. Using agricultural biomass materials such as crop straws, weeds, rice husks, ear axes and bran as raw materials for preparing carbon dioxide gas fertilizer has the advantages of local material availability, large raw material reserves and almost zero cost for the vast rural areas and farmers. It makes full use of the existing resources in rural areas and has the ecological advantage of turning waste into treasure.

[0020] 4. Using agricultural biomass materials such as crop straws, weeds, rice husks, ear axes and bran as raw materials for preparing carbon dioxide gas fertilizer, these biomass materials produce less toxic and polluting gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide compared with the combustion process of coal. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing a clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a dust collection tank of a device for preparing a clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer of the present utility model.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Interlayer shell; 3. Smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe; 4. Dust collection tank; 5. Air guiding pipe; 6. Gas removal tank; 7. Dispersion pipe; 8. Blower; 9. Fuel support plate; 10. Chamber door; 11. Liquid addition connection pipe and valve; 12. Liquid outlet connection pipe and valve; 13. Primary dust collection net; 14. Secondary dust collection net; 15. Interlayer cavity; 16. Check valve; 17. Upper sleeve; 18. Dust collection bottom box; 19. Ring; 20. Connection port. Detailed Embodiment

[0025] The following further describes the present utility model with reference to the drawings.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", and "back" used in the following description refer to the directions in the appended Figure 1 and the appended Figure 2 , and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component respectively.

[0027] According to Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown: A device for preparing clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer provided by the present utility model includes: a combustion chamber 1, a sandwich shell 2, a smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3, a dust collection box 4, a gas guiding pipe 5, a poisonous gas removal box 6, a dispersion pipe 7, and a blower 8;

[0028] The combustion chamber 1 and the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3 are arranged inside the sandwich shell 2. The smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3 is arranged above the combustion chamber 1 and is connected to the combustion chamber 1 through a threaded interface. The dust collection box 4 is arranged above the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3 and is connected to the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3 through a threaded interface. The poisonous gas removal box 6 is connected to the dust collection box 4 through the gas guiding pipe 5, and the dispersion pipe 7 is connected to the poisonous gas removal box 6 through the gas guiding pipe 5;

[0029] A chamber door 10 is arranged on the side of the sandwich shell 2, a one-way valve 16, a liquid adding connection pipe and a valve 11 are arranged on the top of the sandwich shell 2, and a liquid discharging connection pipe and a valve 12 are arranged on the bottom of the sandwich shell 2. A sandwich cavity 15 with a sandwich structure is formed between the combustion chamber 1 and the sandwich shell 2. Water is filled into the sandwich cavity 15 through the liquid adding connection pipe and the valve 11. The combustion chamber 1 is a place where raw materials are burned to generate carbon dioxide gas fertilizer. Biomass materials such as crop straws, weeds, rice husks, ear axes, and bran are used as raw materials. Most of the heat generated by the combustion of the raw materials is absorbed by the water in the sandwich cavity 15, thereby solving the problem that the combustion heat enters the greenhouse with the gas fertilizer and causes a drastic temperature change. At the same time, the combustion heat is temporarily stored for adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse. The hot water in the sandwich shell 2 is led out through the liquid discharging connection pipe and the valve 12, and the led-out hot water can be transported to the greenhouse according to the temperature difference between day and night and the temperature requirement for crop growth, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse. Excessive steam generated by the heating of the water in the sandwich cavity 15 is led out through the one-way valve 16, thereby preventing the sandwich cavity from having too high a pressure and causing deformation or rupture of the combustion chamber 1 and the sandwich shell 2;

[0030] The blower 8 is connected to the combustion chamber 1 through a conduit. The functions of the blower 8 include providing sufficient oxygen to the combustion chamber 1 to ensure the full combustion of the raw materials to generate carbon dioxide, and providing the power for the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer to flow through each component and pipeline of the equipment for transportation to the greenhouse;

[0031] Inside the combustion chamber 1, there is a fuel support plate 9. The fuel support plate 9 is an arc-shaped hollow mesh metal plate with a sunken middle part. The function of the fuel support plate 9 is to suspend and support the combustion raw materials and separate the combustion residues.

[0032] On the side of the combustion chamber 1, there are openings and channels corresponding to the chamber door 10. The functions of the chamber door 10 and its corresponding openings and channels include filling the combustion raw materials into the combustion chamber 1, removing the combustion residues, and maintaining the airtightness during the combustion process.

[0033] The smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3 is a metal pipe with a hollow interior, a cylindrical outer shape, and a spiral winding. The function of the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3 is to cool the high-temperature air flowing through the pipe and transfer and store its heat energy in the water in the sandwich cavity 15.

[0034] The dust collection box 4 is composed of an upper sleeve 17 and a dust collection bottom box 18. The upper sleeve 17 and the dust collection bottom box 18 are connected by threads to form a detachable structure. The above detachable structure can facilitate the regular cleaning of the accumulated dust inside, the replacement of the primary dust collection net 13 and the secondary dust collection net 14 inside. The functions of the dust collection box include removing the dust in the air flow, effectively collecting and storing the intercepted dust, so as to solve the problem that the dust enters the greenhouse with the air flow and affects the growth of crops and pollutes the air.

[0035] The upper sleeve 17 is a cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end. At the center of the closed end of the upper sleeve 17, there is a connection port 20. The lower edge of the open end of the upper sleeve 17 is provided with threads. Inside the upper sleeve 17, there are a secondary dust collection net 14 and a primary dust collection net 13 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The secondary dust collection net 14 is a conical or arc-shaped metal net with a pore size of 100 - 150 meshes, and the primary dust collection net 13 is a conical or arc-shaped metal net with a pore size of 50 - 80 meshes. The beneficial effects of the structures of the above two-stage dust collection nets include strong dust interception ability, not easy to block, and extended service life and replacement cycle of the dust collection nets.

[0036] The dust collection bottom box 18 is a cylinder with circular openings at both the upper and lower ends and threads at the openings. The diameter of the upper circular opening is slightly larger and matches the threads at the open end of the upper sleeve, and the diameter of the lower circular opening is slightly smaller and matches the threads at the end of the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe 3. In the central part of the inside of the dust collection bottom box 18, there is an annular ring 19. The diameter of the annular ring 19 is slightly larger than the diameter of the lower circular opening, and the height of the annular ring 19 is less than the height of the dust collection bottom box 18. The beneficial effects of the structure of the above dust collection bottom box include increasing the space for accommodating dust, preventing the dust settled in the dust collection bottom box from flying upward, and enhancing the dust collection efficiency of the primary dust collection net 13 and the secondary dust collection net 14.

[0037] The gas removal tank 6 is filled with sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium carbonate solution. A liquid addition connection pipe and a valve 11 are provided at the top of the gas removal tank 6, and a liquid outlet connection pipe and a valve 12 are provided at the bottom of the gas removal tank 6. The function of the gas removal tank is to remove toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in the air flow, so as to solve the problems that the toxic and harmful substances generated by raw material combustion enter the greenhouse and damage the crops and pollute the air. The beneficial effects of filling the gas removal tank 6 with sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium carbonate solution include strong ability to absorb toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and convert them into sodium sulfite and sodium nitrate solutions, and the sodium sulfite and sodium nitrate solutions are fertilizers that are very easily absorbed and utilized by crop roots, thus realizing the ecological effect of turning harm into benefit;

[0038] The dispersion pipe 7 is a conduit with gradually branched levels and micropores on the pipe wall, and its function is to send the purified carbon dioxide-rich air flow into the greenhouse and release it evenly in multiple directions.

[0039] The above describes the present invention and its implementation manners. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments without creative work without departing from the creative purpose of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device, characterized by: The invention comprises a combustion chamber (1), an interlayer shell (2), a smoke and heat dissipation pipe (3), a dust collection box (4), an air guide pipe (5), a poison gas removal box (6), a dispersion pipe (7) and a blower (8); a chamber door (10) is arranged on the side of the interlayer shell (2); a one-way valve (16), a liquid adding pipe and a valve (11) are arranged on the top of the interlayer shell (2); a liquid outlet pipe and a valve (12) are arranged on the bottom of the interlayer shell (2); a fuel support plate (9) is arranged inside the combustion chamber (1); an opening and a channel corresponding to the chamber door (10) are arranged on the side of the combustion chamber (1); The dust collecting box (4) is composed of an upper sleeve (17) and a dust collecting bottom box (18). The upper sleeve (17) and the dust collecting bottom box (18) are connected by threads to form a detachable structure. The upper sleeve (17) is a cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end. A pipe connection port (20) is provided at the center of the closed end of the upper sleeve (17). The lower edge of the open end of the upper sleeve (17) is provided with threads. A secondary dust collecting net (14) and a primary dust collecting net (13) are provided in sequence inside the upper sleeve (17) from top to bottom. The blower (8) is connected to the combustion chamber (1) via a conduit.

2. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (1) and the smoke-conducting heat dissipation pipe (3) are arranged inside the sandwich shell (2); the smoke-conducting heat dissipation pipe (3) is arranged above the combustion chamber (1) and is connected to the combustion chamber (1) via a threaded interface; the dust collection box (4) is arranged above the smoke-conducting heat dissipation pipe (3) and is connected to the smoke-conducting heat dissipation pipe (3) via a threaded interface; the poisonous gas removal box (6) is connected to the dust collection box (4) via an air guide pipe (5); and the dispersion pipe (7) is connected to the poisonous gas removal box (6) via an air guide pipe (5).

3. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sandwich cavity (15) having a sandwich structure is formed between the combustion chamber (1) and the sandwich shell (2), and the sandwich cavity (15) is filled with water.

4. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel support plate (9) is an arc-shaped hollow mesh metal plate with a recessed middle portion.

5. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe (3) is a metal pipe which is hollow inside, cylindrical in appearance and spirally coiled.

6. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary dust collecting net (14) is a conical or arc-shaped metal net with an aperture of 100 to 150 meshes, and the primary dust collecting net (13) is a conical or arc-shaped metal net with an aperture of 50 to 80 meshes.

7. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collecting bottom box (18) is a cylinder having circular openings at both ends and threads at the openings. The diameter of the circular opening at the upper end is slightly larger and matches with the threads at the open end of the upper sleeve. The diameter of the circular opening at the lower end is slightly smaller and matches with the threads at the end of the smoke guiding and heat dissipating pipe (3). An annular ring (19) is provided at the central part of the interior of the dust collecting bottom box (18). The diameter of the annular ring (19) is slightly larger than the diameter of the circular opening at the lower end, and the height of the annular ring (19) is smaller than the height of the dust collecting bottom box (18).

8. A clean and pollution-free greenhouse gas fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The poison gas removal box (6) is filled with sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium carbonate solution. The top of the poison gas removal box (6) is provided with a liquid adding pipe and a valve (11), and the bottom of the poison gas removal box (6) is provided with a liquid outlet pipe and a valve (12).

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