Microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural wastes

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microbial flora decomposition fermentation device based on agricultural waste, which comprises a delivery pipe and a fermentation cylinder, one end of the delivery pipe passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder, the inside of the delivery pipe is provided with an auger, the bottom of the delivery pipe is fixedly connected with a support leg, and the support leg is fixedly connected with the fermentation cylinder. A heating device is mounted at the top of the fermentation cylinder, a movable waste placement assembly is arranged in the fermentation cylinder, and the fermentation cylinder is suitable for uniformly heating the waste to remove pesticide residues, performing high-temperature treatment on the crushed waste in batches according to the size, removing pesticide residues and improving the fermentation efficiency and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a fermentation device, specifically, to a microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the process of resource utilization of agricultural waste, the microbial flora decomposition and fermentation technology has attracted much attention due to its high efficiency and environmental protection characteristics. This technology degrades and converts organic substances in agricultural waste through specific microbial flora to produce valuable fertilizers, bioenergy or other bio-based products.

[0003] After retrieval, it is found that the Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN207204839U discloses a domestic waste fermentation device based on microbial flora. This patent integrates automatic stirring and conveying functions. The waste is effectively stirred in the box by driving the lead screw and the rotating rod with a motor to enhance the fermentation effect. At the same time, the rotation of the auger rod in the conveying pipeline optimizes the waste conveying efficiency. The overall design aims to improve the operation convenience, stability and reliability, and achieve efficient and automated waste fermentation treatment. However, this patent only improves the degree of automation and does not treat the pesticide residues existing in agricultural waste itself. Direct fermentation in this case will affect the activity of microorganisms or cause secondary pollution, affecting the fermentation efficiency or causing safety problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste, which performs high-temperature treatment on the crushed waste in batches according to size to remove pesticide residues and improve the fermentation efficiency and safety.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the utility model is a microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste, including a conveying pipe and a fermentation cylinder. One end of the conveying pipe passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder. A screw conveyor is arranged inside the conveying pipe. Supporting feet are fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying pipe. A heating device is installed on the top of the fermentation cylinder. A movable waste placement component is arranged inside the fermentation cylinder. The fermentation cylinder is suitable for uniformly heating the waste to remove residual pesticides.

[0006] Further, a feed inlet is opened at the top of the conveying pipe. A conveying motor is installed at one end of the conveying pipe. The output end of the conveying motor is fixedly connected to the screw conveyor through a coupling. The conveying pipe is suitable for crushing and conveying the waste.

[0007] Further, a discharge port is opened at the bottom of the end of the conveying pipe located inside the fermentation cylinder. The discharge port is located on the central axis of the fermentation cylinder.

[0008] Further, the waste placement component includes a vibratable sieve plate and a rotatable placement disk.

[0009] Further, a first fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder. A telescopic spring is connected to the top of the first fixing ring, and the top of the telescopic spring is connected to the bottom of the sieve plate. A plurality of small holes are formed in the sieve plate.

[0010] Further, a second fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder. A protective shell is connected to the second fixing ring. A reciprocating top block is arranged inside the protective shell, and the top block is adapted to vibrate the sieve plate.

[0011] Further, a driving motor is installed outside the fermentation cylinder. The output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a coaxial rotating shaft through a coupling. The rotating shaft passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder and the protective shell. The rotating shaft is connected to the fermentation cylinder through a rotary seal. A connecting shaft is rotatably installed inside the protective shell. Crankshafts are fixedly connected to one ends of the connecting shaft and the rotating shaft located inside the protective shell. A connecting rod is jointly hinged between the two crankshafts. The top block is hinged to the upper end of the connecting rod.

[0012] Further, a third fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder. A driven bevel gear is rotatably installed on the top of the third fixing ring. The placement disk is fixedly connected to the top of the driven bevel gear.

[0013] Further, a rotating rod is rotatably installed at a position above the placement disk inside the fermentation cylinder. The rotating rod passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder. The rotating rod is connected to the fermentation cylinder through a rotary seal. A synchronous belt is jointly sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rod located outside the fermentation cylinder and the rotating shaft. A driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod located inside the fermentation cylinder. The driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear.

[0014] Further, there is a set of spray heads above both the sieve plate and the placement plate. A fermentation liquid storage tank is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the fermentation cylinder. The fermentation liquid storage tank is connected to the corresponding spray heads through pipelines respectively. A pump is arranged inside the fermentation liquid storage tank. A visible door made of a transparent material and capable of being rotated and opened is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the fermentation cylinder.

[0015] Adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. By vibrating the sieve plate, the crushed waste can be classified according to size to ensure the fermentation efficiency.

[0017] 2. Larger waste stays on the sieve plate and continues to vibrate. While vibrating, it is subjected to high-temperature treatment. During the vibration process, the high-temperature heating can be made more uniform, and the pesticide residue treatment can be more comprehensive.

[0018] 3. Smaller waste falls onto the placement plate. The temperature at the position where the placement plate is located below is relatively low. Due to the small size of the waste, it can also achieve the effect of removing pesticide residues. At the same time, it is heated more evenly by continuously rotating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic left view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic right view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structure view of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic transmission structure view of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structure view of the vibration principle of the sieve plate of the present utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Fermentation cylinder; 2. Visible door; 3. Support feet; 4. Delivery pipe; 5. Delivery motor; 6. Heating device; 7. Fermentation liquid storage tank; 8. Auger; 9. Spray head; 10. Fixed ring one; 11. Telescopic spring; 12. Sieve plate; 13. Fixed ring two; 14. Driving motor; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Protective shell; 17. Crankshaft; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Top block; 20. Synchronous belt; 21. Rotating rod; 22. Driving bevel gear; 23. Fixed ring three; 24. Driven bevel gear; 25. Placement disk; 26. Coupling shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] In order to make the content of the present utility model easier to be clearly understood, the present utility model will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments and in conjunction with the drawings.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, a microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste includes a delivery pipe 4 and a fermentation cylinder 1. One end of the delivery pipe 4 passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder 1. An auger 8 is arranged inside the delivery pipe 4. Support feet 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the delivery pipe 4. A heating device 6 is installed on the top of the fermentation cylinder 1. An activatable waste placement assembly is arranged inside the fermentation cylinder 1. The fermentation cylinder 1 is adapted to uniformly heat the waste to remove residual pesticides.

[0028] As Figure 2 shown, a feed inlet is provided at the top of the conveying pipe 4. One end of the conveying pipe 4 is equipped with a conveying motor 5. The output end of the conveying motor 5 is fixedly connected to the auger 8 through a coupling. The conveying pipe 4 is adapted to crush and convey the waste.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the end of the conveying pipe 4 located inside the fermentation cylinder 1. The discharge port is located on the central axis of the fermentation cylinder 1.

[0030] As Figure 2 shown, the waste placement assembly includes a vibratable sieve plate 12 and a rotatable placement disk 25.

[0031] As Figure 2 shown, a first fixing ring 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder 1. A telescopic spring 11 is connected to the top of the first fixing ring 10. The top of the telescopic spring 11 is connected to the bottom of the sieve plate 12. A number of small holes are provided on the sieve plate 12.

[0032] As Figure 2 shown, a second fixing ring 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder 1. A protective shell 16 is connected to the second fixing ring 13. A reciprocating top block 19 is arranged inside the protective shell 16. The top block 19 is adapted to vibrate the sieve plate 12.

[0033] As Figure 2 shown, a driving motor 14 is installed outside the fermentation cylinder 1. The output end of the driving motor 14 is fixedly connected through a coupling to a coaxial rotating shaft 15. The rotating shaft 15 passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder 1 and the protective shell 16. The rotating shaft 15 is connected to the fermentation cylinder 1 through a rotary seal. A connecting shaft 26 is rotatably installed inside the protective shell 16. Crankshafts 17 are fixedly connected to one ends of the connecting shaft 26 and the rotating shaft 15 located inside the protective shell 16. A connecting rod 18 is jointly hinged between the two crankshafts 17. The top block 19 is hinged to the upper end of the connecting rod 18.

[0034] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0035] During use, agricultural waste is put into the inside of the conveying pipe 4. The conveying motor 5 is started to drive the auger 8 to convey the waste. While conveying, the waste is crushed. The crushed waste can improve the efficiency of subsequent fermentation.

[0036] The waste falls from the tail end of the conveying pipe 4 through the blanking port onto the sieve plate 12. At this time, the driving motor 14 is started, and the starting motor drives the rotating shaft 15 to start rotating. The rotating shaft 15 drives the crankshaft 17 to rotate eccentrically. The crankshaft 17 can drive the articulated connecting rod 18 to perform a longitudinal reciprocating motion. At this time, the top block 19 impacts the sieve plate 12 reciprocally under the drive of the connecting rod 18, thereby generating vibration. The sieve plate 12 can achieve the effects of vibration and reset under the restriction of the telescopic spring 11. By vibrating, the dropped waste fragments are laid flat on the sieve plate 12, and it is not easy to accumulate.

[0037] There are several small holes on the sieve plate 12. Under the condition of vibration, the smaller waste after crushing will fall through the small holes onto the placing tray 25 at the bottom. This process realizes the classification of the waste. Subsequently, the heating device 6 is started to perform high-temperature treatment on the inside of the fermentation cylinder 1. Classifying by size and then through the high-temperature method can more effectively remove the pesticide residues.

[0038] Since the waste on the sieve plate 12 are all larger fragments, it is difficult to ensure uniform heating when stacked together. Therefore, while the sieve plate 12 is vibrating, the fragments can also be turned over. By this method, the larger fragments can be uniformly heated, thereby improving the effect of removing pesticide residues.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment further includes the following structure on the basis of Embodiment 1: A fixed ring three 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder 1. A driven bevel gear 24 is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed ring three 23. The placing tray 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the driven bevel gear 24.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, a rotating rod 21 is rotatably installed at a position above the placing tray 25 inside the fermentation cylinder 1. The rotating rod 21 passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder 1, and the rotating rod 21 is connected to the fermentation cylinder 1 through a rotary seal. A synchronous belt 20 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 15 and the outer end of the rotating rod 21 located outside the fermentation cylinder 1. A driving bevel gear 22 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the rotating rod 21 located inside the fermentation cylinder 1. The driving bevel gear 22 is meshed and connected with the driven bevel gear 24.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, there is a set of spray heads 9 above both the sieve plate 12 and the placing plate. A fermentation liquid storage tank 7 is connected to the outer circumference of the fermentation cylinder 1. The fermentation liquid storage tank 7 is connected to the corresponding spray heads 9 through pipelines respectively. A pump is arranged inside the fermentation liquid storage tank 7. A visible door 2 made of transparent material that can be rotated and opened is installed on the outer circumference of the fermentation cylinder 1.

[0043] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] The smaller waste that falls through the small holes onto the placement tray 25 also needs to be evenly heated to remove pesticide residues. Since the heating device 6 is arranged at the top of the fermentation cylinder 1, the larger waste located above will be heated first. And for the smaller waste at the bottom, when the overall temperature inside the entire fermentation cylinder 1 rises, the temperature at the bottom will be lower than that at the top. However, the smaller waste doesn't require a very high temperature, so it can also achieve the effect of removing pesticide residues by being heated.

[0045] When the drive motor 14 starts, the synchronous belt 20 drives the connecting rod 18 to rotate. The rotating rod 21 drives the driving bevel gear 22 to rotate the driven bevel gear 24 through meshing, and finally realizes the rotation of the placement tray 25. During the rotation of the placement tray 25, the smaller waste on it can be evenly heated, further ensuring the effect of removing pesticide residues.

[0046] After all the waste has completed the high-temperature removal of pesticide residues, the heating device 6 is turned off. By starting the pump built in the fermentation liquid storage tank 7, the preset fermentation liquid is sprayed on the waste fragments on the sieve plate 12 and the placement tray 25, thereby carrying out microbial fermentation.

[0047] It should be noted that during the fermentation process, the temperature inside the fermentation cylinder 1 can be remotely controlled through the heating device 6 and adjusted to an appropriate temperature. At the same time, during the fermentation process, it can be selected whether to start the drive motor 14 as needed, and vibrate and rotate it during fermentation.

[0048] Vibrating and rotating during fermentation can promote the mixing of materials, avoid local accumulation and stratification, and is conducive to the uniform distribution of microorganisms and oxygen in the materials, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of fermentation.

[0049] It can destroy the compact structure in the materials, increase the voids between the materials, and improve the air permeability of the materials. Good air permeability helps oxygen enter the interior of the materials, promotes the respiration and metabolic activities of aerobic microorganisms, and accelerates the decomposition and transformation of organic substances.

[0050] During the fermentation process, the waste materials may agglomerate due to factors such as humidity and temperature. It can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of agglomeration phenomena, keep the materials in a loose state, and is conducive to the smooth progress of the fermentation process.

[0051] It helps the uniform distribution of moisture in the materials, avoids the situation of local over-wet or over-dry. Uniform moisture distribution is crucial for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and can improve the stability and effect of fermentation.

[0052] Meanwhile, a visible door 2 made of transparent material is also provided on the fermentation cylinder 1, through which the internal fermentation situation can be directly observed, and when necessary, the visible door 2 can be opened to take out the waste and perform other operations.

[0053] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present utility model. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste, comprising a delivery pipe (4) and a fermentation cylinder (1), one end of the delivery pipe (4) passes through the interior of the fermentation cylinder (1), an auger (8) is arranged inside the delivery pipe (4), and a support foot (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the delivery pipe (4), characterized in that: A heating device (6) is installed on the top of the fermentation cylinder (1), and a movable waste placement component is arranged inside the fermentation cylinder (1). The fermentation cylinder (1) is suitable for uniformly heating the waste to remove residual pesticides.

2. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed port is provided at the top of the conveying pipe (4), a conveying motor (5) is installed at one end of the conveying pipe (4), and the output end of the conveying motor (5) is fixedly connected to the auger (8) via a coupling. The conveying pipe (4) is suitable for crushing and conveying waste.

3. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the delivery pipe (4) at one end inside the fermentation cylinder (1) is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is located on the central axis of the fermentation cylinder (1).

4. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste placement component comprises a vibrating screen plate (12) and a rotatable placement plate (25).

5. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing ring (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder (1), a telescopic spring (11) is connected to the top of the fixing ring (10), the top of the telescopic spring (11) is connected to the bottom of the sieve plate (12), and a plurality of small holes are formed on the sieve plate (12).

6. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second fixing ring (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder (1), a protective shell (16) is connected to the second fixing ring (13), a reciprocating top block (19) is arranged inside the protective shell (16), and the top block (19) is suitable for generating vibrations on the sieve plate (12).

7. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: A driving motor (14) is installed on the outside of the fermentation cylinder (1), and the output end of the driving motor (14) is fixedly connected to a coaxially arranged rotating shaft (15) through a coupling. The rotating shaft (15) passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder (1) and the protective shell (16), and the rotating shaft (15) is connected to the fermentation cylinder (1) through a rotating seal. A connecting shaft (26) is rotatably installed inside the protective shell (16). The connecting shaft (26) and the rotating shaft (15) are fixedly connected to a crankshaft (17) at one end located inside the protective shell (16), and a connecting rod (18) is hinged between the two crankshafts (17), and the top block (19) is hinged to the upper end of the connecting rod (18).

8. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing ring three (23) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder (1), a driven bevel gear (24) is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixing ring three (23), and the placement plate (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the driven bevel gear (24).

9. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotating rod (21) is rotatably mounted inside the fermentation cylinder (1) at a position above the placement plate (25); the rotating rod (21) passes through the inside of the fermentation cylinder (1); the rotating rod (21) and the fermentation cylinder (1) are connected via a rotating seal; a synchronous belt (20) is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (15) at one end of the rotating rod (21) located outside the fermentation cylinder (1); a driving bevel gear (22) is fixedly connected to the one end of the rotating rod (21) located inside the fermentation cylinder (1); the driving bevel gear (22) is meshingly connected to the driven bevel gear (24).

10. The microbial flora decomposition and fermentation device based on agricultural waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: A group of injection heads (9) are arranged above the sieve plate (12) and the placement plate. A fermentation liquid storage tank (7) is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the fermentation cylinder (1). The fermentation liquid storage tank (7) is connected to the corresponding injection heads (9) through pipelines. A pump is arranged inside the fermentation liquid storage tank (7). A rotatable visual door (2) made of a transparent material is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the fermentation cylinder (1).

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