Energy storage battery detecting and repairing system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and particularly relates to an energy storage battery detecting and repairing system. According to the utility model, potential safety hazards of over-charging, over-discharging and thermal runaway do not exist in the detection and repair process. Comprising a CPU main control module, a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a battery surface temperature detection circuit, an environment temperature detection circuit, a battery charging control circuit, a battery discharging control circuit, a battery internal resistance detection control circuit, a keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, a 485 communication circuit, a calendar clock circuit and a data storage circuit. The voltage detection circuit is connected with the Hall voltage sensor; the environment temperature detection circuit is connected with the environment temperature sensor, and the battery surface temperature detection circuit is connected with the battery temperature sensor; the battery discharge control circuit is respectively connected with the battery and the program-controlled direct-current electronic load, the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is respectively connected with the battery and the battery internal resistance tester, and the battery charge control circuit is respectively connected with the battery and the program-controlled direct-current power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and particularly relates to an energy storage battery detection and repair system. Background Art

[0002] After an energy storage battery is used for a period of time, the active substances inside will gradually degrade, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity. The aging of the battery will cause an increase in internal resistance, which will reduce the charge and discharge efficiency and output power of the battery. In a series-connected energy storage battery pack, the inconsistent charge and discharge performance between each battery cell will lead to a decline in the overall performance of the battery pack. In addition, there are safety hazards such as overcharging, over-discharging, and thermal runaway during the operation of the energy storage battery. Regular detection and repair can prevent potential dangers. Therefore, in order to ensure the performance and safety of the energy storage battery, regular detection and repair are very important. Through detection, problems can be found in time and repaired, extending the service life of the battery and improving the safety of use.

[0003] At present, there are already some technologies for detecting and repairing energy storage batteries, mainly including X-ray imaging technology, heat treatment technology, battery management system evaluation technology, etc. These technologies have problems in terms of cost, safety, and accuracy. Among them, X-ray imaging technology uses an X-ray imager to view the internal structure and defects of the energy storage battery. However, this method has high equipment costs, complex operations, and requires interpretation by professional technical personnel. Heat treatment technology uses high-temperature treatment to repair some of the performance of the energy storage battery. By heating, the ion distribution in the electrolyte of the energy storage battery is rearranged, thereby improving the conductivity of the battery. However, if the treatment is improper during the repair process, it may cause thermal runaway or other safety problems of the battery. The battery management system evaluation technology realizes the evaluation of the battery health status and the prediction of the battery life through real-time monitoring and data analysis of the energy storage battery. However, this technology requires complex algorithms and a large amount of data collection, and the evaluation results have large errors. In addition, in traditional battery repair technologies, the repair process of the energy storage battery is usually judged by detecting the voltage and current signals of the battery, and a temperature sensor is not used to detect the temperature of the battery. When the battery temperature is too high during the repair process, the repair system cannot automatically end the charging or discharging, which is likely to lead to accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The utility model aims at the defects existing in the prior art and provides an energy storage battery detection and repair system.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions. The energy storage battery detection and repair system includes: a CPU main control module (i.e., a CPU circuit), a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a battery surface temperature detection circuit, an ambient temperature detection circuit, a battery charging control circuit, a battery discharging control circuit, a battery internal resistance detection control circuit, a keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, a 485 communication circuit, a calendar clock circuit, and a data storage circuit;

[0006] The CPU main control module is respectively connected to a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a battery surface temperature detection circuit, an ambient temperature detection circuit, a battery charging control circuit, a battery discharging control circuit, a battery internal resistance detection control circuit, a keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, a 485 communication circuit, a calendar clock circuit, and a data storage circuit;

[0007] The current detection circuit is connected to a current sensor, and the current sensor is used to detect the current of the energy storage battery;

[0008] The voltage detection circuit is connected to a Hall voltage sensor;

[0009] The ambient temperature detection circuit is connected to an ambient temperature sensor, and the ambient temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber;

[0010] The battery surface temperature detection circuit is connected to a battery temperature sensor, and the battery temperature sensor is used to detect the surface temperature of the battery;

[0011] The battery discharging control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and a programmable DC electronic load, and is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrodes of the programmable DC electronic load ports;

[0012] The battery internal resistance detection control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and a battery internal resistance tester, and is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrodes of the test ports of the battery internal resistance tester;

[0013] The battery charging control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and a programmable DC power supply, and is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.

[0014] Further, the battery is placed at the central position of a rapid temperature change test chamber, and the power line and signal line entering the rapid temperature change test chamber both pass through the dedicated channel openings on the side of the rapid temperature change test chamber; the temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the battery is fixed on the surface of the battery and does not contact the wall of the rapid temperature change test chamber: for square batteries and soft-pack batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed at the center of the side with the largest surface area of the battery; for cylindrical batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed on the cylindrical surface, and the fixed point is equidistant from the positive and negative electrodes of the battery; the temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature is fixed at the hollow position inside the rapid temperature change test chamber, and this temperature sensor neither contacts the wall of the rapid temperature change test chamber nor contacts the surface of the battery.

[0015] Further, the current detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA1, where the model of the dual operational amplifier CA1 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA1 includes two parts CA1A and CA1B) Among them, the 4th pin of CA1 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA1 is grounded through the resistor R7, and the 2nd pin of CA1 is also connected to the 1st pin of CA1 through the resistor R8; the 1st pin of CA1 is connected to the CPU main control module through the resistor R9, (specifically connected to the 27th pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) One end of the resistor R9 connected to the CPU main control module is connected with a parallel branch, and this parallel branch includes C13, zener diode D5, and diode D6 that are connected in parallel with each other. The first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R9, and the second common end of the three is grounded; the 6th pin of CA1 is respectively connected to the 7th pin and the 3rd pin, the 5th pin of CA1 is connected to the current sensor through a series branch composed of the resistor R4 and the resistor R6. One end of the resistor R4 connected to the current sensor is grounded through the capacitor C11, and one end of the resistor R4 connected to the resistor R6 is also grounded through the resistor R5; One end of the resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also grounded through the capacitor C12; One end of the resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also respectively connected to the anode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of the diode D4 is grounded.

[0016] Further, the voltage detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA2, where the model of the dual operational amplifier CA2 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA2 includes two parts CA2A and CA2B) Among them, the 4th pin of CA2 is connected to the -15V power supply, and the 8th pin is connected to the +15V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA2 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R12 and R13, and the 2nd pin of CA2 is also connected to the 1st pin of CA2 through the resistor R14; The common connection point of the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 is connected to the Hall voltage sensor; the 1st pin of CA2 is connected to the 6th pin of CA2 through the resistor R17, the 6th pin of CA2 is connected to the 7th pin of CA2 through the resistor R18, and the 7th pin of CA2 is connected to the CPU main control module through two series-connected resistors R21 and R22, (specifically connected to the 24th pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) The common connection point of the resistor R21 and the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C14, and one end of the resistor R22 connected to the CPU main control module is grounded through a parallel branch composed of the diodes D7 and D18; the 5th pin of CA2 is grounded through a parallel branch composed of the resistors R19 and R20, and the 3rd pin of CA2 is grounded through a parallel branch composed of the resistors R15 and R16.

[0017] Further, the battery surface temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA3, where the model of the dual operational amplifier CA3 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA3 includes two parts CA3A and CA3B;) among them, the 4th pin of CA3 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA3 is connected to the 1st pin of CA3, the 1st pin of CA3 is connected to the 6th pin of CA3 through the resistor R25, and the 6th pin of CA3 is connected to the 7th pin of CA3 through the resistor R26; the 7th pin of CA3 is connected to the CPU main control module through the resistor R27, (specifically connected to the 23rd pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) one end of the resistor R27 connected to the CPU main control module is connected with a parallel branch, and this parallel branch includes C17, zener diode D10, and diode D11 connected in parallel with each other. The first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R27, and the second common end of the three is grounded; after the resistors R23 and R24 are connected in series, the common end is connected to the 3rd pin of CA3. The free end of the resistor R23 is connected to +5V, and the free end of the resistor R24 is grounded;

[0018] The 5th pin of CA3 is respectively connected to the 1st pin of the dual operational amplifier CA5 through the resistor R59, and the 5th pin of CA3 is also grounded through the resistor R60; the model of the dual operational amplifier CA5 is LM358; the 4th pin of CA5 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA5 is connected to the 1st pin of CA5, the 3rd pin of CA5 is connected to the battery temperature sensor through the resistor R29, (the battery temperature sensor uses a PT1000 platinum thermal resistor,) the first end of the resistor R29 is grounded through the capacitor C15, and the second end of the resistor R29 is grounded through the capacitor C16; after the anode of the diode D8 is connected to the cathode of the diode D9, the common connection point is connected to the 3rd pin of CA5; the cathode of the diode D8 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of the diode D9 is grounded.

[0019] Further, the ambient temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA4, where the model of the dual operational amplifier CA4 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA4 includes two parts CA4A and CA4B;) among them, the 4th pin of CA4 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA4 is connected to the 1st pin of CA4, the 1st pin of CA4 is connected to the 6th pin of CA4 through a resistor R32, and the 6th pin of CA4 is connected to the 7th pin of CA4 through a resistor R33; the 7th pin of CA4 is connected to the CPU main control module through a resistor R34, (specifically connected to the 22nd pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) one end of the resistor R34 connected to the CPU main control module is connected with a parallel branch, and this parallel branch includes C21, a voltage stabilizing diode D14, and a diode D15 connected in parallel with each other. The first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R34, and the second common end of the three is grounded; after the resistors R30 and R31 are connected in series, the series common end is connected to the 3rd pin of CA4, the free end of the resistor R30 is connected to +5V, and the free end of the resistor R31 is grounded; the 5th pin of CA4 is connected to the 7th pin of CA5 through a resistor R61, and the 7th pin of CA5 is connected to the 6th pin; the resistor R61 is also grounded through a resistor R62; after the anode of the diode 12 is connected to the cathode of the diode 13, the common connection point is connected to the 5th pin of CA5; the cathode of the diode D12 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of the diode D13 is grounded; the 5th pin of CA5 is also connected to an ambient temperature sensor through a resistor R36, (the ambient temperature sensor uses a PT1000 platinum thermal resistor,) the first end of the resistor R36 is grounded through a capacitor C19, and the second end of the resistor R36 is grounded through a capacitor C20.

[0020] Further, the battery charging control circuit includes an isolated power supply module P3, an optocoupler U11, an electromagnetic relay REL1, and an electromagnetic relay REL2;

[0021] The input terminal of the isolated power supply module P3 is connected to a 24V DC power supply through an isolation transformer LDM1, and a first π-type LC filter branch is provided between the input terminal of the isolated power supply module P3 and the isolation transformer LDM1; the first π-type LC filter branch includes an inductor L3, a polarized capacitor E9 connected to the first end of the inductor L3, and a capacitor C33 connected to the second end of the inductor. The three form a π-type branch, and a capacitor C32 is connected in parallel with the polarized capacitor E9, and the capacitor C33 is connected in parallel with the polarized capacitor E10; the 4th pin of the isolated power supply module P3 is connected to the 8th and 6th pins of the optocoupler U11 respectively after passing through the inductor L4, and the 3rd pin of the isolated power supply module P3 is connected to the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 and the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 respectively after passing through the inductor L5; a polarized capacitor is connected to both sides of the inductor L4 and the inductor L5. Among them, the positive pole of the polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of the inductor L4, and the negative pole of the polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of the inductor L5; the positive pole of the polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of the inductor L4, and the negative pole of the polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of the inductor L5;

[0022] The 1st pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R53, the 3rd pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R54, the 2nd pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the CPU main control module, (specifically connected to the 39th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV;); the 4th pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the CPU main control module, (specifically connected to the 38th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV;); the 5th pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2, the 7th pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1, and the 6th and 8th pins of the optocoupler U11 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolated power supply module P3;

[0023] The 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 and the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolated power supply module P3;

[0024] The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port;

[0025] The 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2, and the 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the 1st pin of the current transformer U2. (The charging current needs to be detected by the current transformer U2. In the circuit diagram, the 1st pin of the external device interface PE4 is connected to the positive pole of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply. The current flow direction in the circuit is that after passing through the 3rd and 4th pins of REL1, the 4th pin of REL1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2, that is, the current flows into from the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2 and flows out from the 1st pin of the current transformer U2. The 1st pin of the current transformer U2 is then connected to the 3rd pin of the external device interface PE4.)

[0026] Specifically, the isolation power module P3 is of the model HLK-10D2424B, the optocoupler U11 is of the model TLP521, and the models of the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 are both T90-24VDC-TL-A-40A.

[0027] Furthermore, in the battery discharge control circuit, the 1st pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R55, the 3rd pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R56, the 2nd pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to the 37th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV); the 4th pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to the 36th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV); the 5th pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL4, the 7th pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL3, and the 6th and 8th pins of the optocoupler U12 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3;

[0028] The 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL3 and the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL4 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolation power module P3;

[0029] The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the battery;

[0030] The 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC electronic load, and the 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC electronic load.

[0031] The working principle of the battery discharge control circuit is as follows: The 1st and 3rd pins of optocoupler U12 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R55 and R56 respectively, and the 2nd and 4th pins of optocoupler U12 are connected to the 37th and 36th pins of MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the battery does not discharge the programmable DC electronic load, the 37th and 36th pins of MM32F3273E7PV output high level, and the control end of optocoupler U12 is not conducting. When the battery discharges the programmable DC electronic load, the 37th and 36th pins of MM32F3273E7PV output low level, and the two control ends of optocoupler U12 conduct, making the 8th and 7th pins of optocoupler U12 conduct, and making the 6th and 5th pins of optocoupler U12 conduct. Then, the internal coils of electromagnetic relays REL3 and REL4 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to electromagnetic relays REL3 and REL4 close. The positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC electronic load port through the closed contact of REL3, and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC electronic load port through the closed contact of REL4.

[0032] Further, in the battery internal resistance detection and control circuit, the 1st pin of optocoupler U13 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R57, the 3rd pin of optocoupler U13 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R58, the 2nd pin of optocoupler U13 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to the 35th pin of MM32F3273E7PV); the 4th pin of optocoupler U13 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to the 34th pin of MM32F3273E7PV); the 5th pin of optocoupler U13 is connected to the 1st pin of electromagnetic relay REL6, the 7th pin of optocoupler U13 is connected to the 1st pin of electromagnetic relay REL5, and the 6th and 8th pins of optocoupler U13 are both connected to the second end of inductor L4 of isolation power supply module P3;

[0033] The 2nd pin of electromagnetic relay REL5 and the 2nd pin of electromagnetic relay REL6 are both connected to the second end of inductor L5 of isolation power supply module P3;

[0034] The 3rd pin of electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and the 3rd pin of electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the battery;

[0035] The 4th pin of electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester, and the 4th pin of electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0036] The working principle of the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is as follows: The 1st and 3rd pins of the optocoupler U13 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R57 and R58 respectively, and the 2nd and 4th pins of the optocoupler U13 are connected to the 35th and 34th pins of the MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the battery internal resistance tester does not perform internal resistance detection on the battery, the 35th and 34th pins of the MM32F3273E7PV output high level, and the control end of the optocoupler U13 is not conducting. When the battery internal resistance tester performs internal resistance detection on the battery, the 35th and 34th pins of the MM32F3273E7PV output low level, and the two control ends of the optocoupler U13 conduct, making the 8th and 7th pins of the optocoupler U13 conduct, and making the 6th and 5th pins of the optocoupler U13 conduct. Then, the internal coils of the electromagnetic relays REL5 and REL6 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to the electromagnetic relays REL5 and REL6 close. The positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester through the closed contact of REL5, and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester through the closed contact of REL6.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present utility model compared with the prior art.

[0038] The energy storage battery detection and repair system proposed by the present utility model has a relatively low cost, and there are no safety hazards of overcharging, over-discharging and thermal runaway during the detection and repair process. Moreover, this energy storage battery detection and repair system uses high-precision current transformers and professional detection equipment, ensuring the accuracy of the detection results. During the repair process of the energy storage battery, this system simultaneously detects the voltage, current and surface temperature signals of the energy storage battery, eliminating the safety hazards brought by abnormal overheating during the charging and discharging process of the battery. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0039] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. The protection scope of the present utility model is not limited only to the description of the following content.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of the energy storage battery detection and repair system.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the CPU main control module and its peripheral circuits.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the current detection circuit.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the voltage detection circuit.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the battery surface temperature detection circuit.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ambient temperature detection circuit.

[0046] Figure 7 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit.

[0047] Figure 8 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the 485 communication circuit.

[0048] Figure 9 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the calendar clock circuit.

[0049] Figure 10 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the data storage circuit.

[0050] Figure 11 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the battery charging control circuit.

[0051] Figure 12 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the battery discharging control circuit.

[0052] Figure 13 It is the schematic circuit diagram of the battery internal resistance detection control circuit. Specific implementation manners

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0054] As Figures 1-13 shown, the energy storage battery detection and repair system includes: a CPU main control module (i.e., the CPU circuit), a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a battery surface temperature detection circuit, an ambient temperature detection circuit, a battery charging control circuit, a battery discharging control circuit, a battery internal resistance detection control circuit, a keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, a 485 communication circuit, a calendar clock circuit, and a data storage circuit.

[0055] The CPU main control module is respectively connected to the current detection circuit, the voltage detection circuit, the battery surface temperature detection circuit, the ambient temperature detection circuit, the battery charging control circuit, the battery discharging control circuit, the battery internal resistance detection control circuit, the keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, the 485 communication circuit, the calendar clock circuit, and the data storage circuit.

[0056] The current detection circuit is connected to a current sensor, and the current sensor is used to detect the current of the energy storage battery.

[0057] The voltage detection circuit is connected to a Hall voltage sensor.

[0058] The ambient temperature detection circuit is connected to the ambient temperature sensor, which is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. During the operation of the detection and repair system, some steps need to be carried out under the condition that the difference between the battery temperature and the ambient temperature is less than a certain set temperature difference threshold. Since the battery is placed inside the rapid temperature change test chamber, it is necessary to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber.

[0059] The battery surface temperature detection circuit is connected to the battery temperature sensor, which is used to detect the battery surface temperature. During the operation of the detection and repair system, it is necessary to detect whether the temperature rise value of the battery during charging and discharging exceeds the temperature rise threshold to judge the performance of the battery. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the battery surface temperature.

[0060] The battery discharge control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and the programmable DC electronic load, and is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrodes of the programmable DC electronic load port.

[0061] The battery internal resistance detection and control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and the battery internal resistance tester, and is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrodes of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0062] The battery charging control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and the programmable DC power supply, and is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.

[0063] Further, the battery is placed at the central position of a rapid temperature change test chamber, and the power line and signal line entering the rapid temperature change test chamber pass through the special channel openings on the side of the rapid temperature change test chamber. The temperature sensor for measuring the battery surface temperature is fixed on the battery surface and does not contact the wall of the rapid temperature change test chamber: for square batteries and soft-pack batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed at the center of the side with the largest surface area of the battery; for cylindrical batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed on the cylindrical surface, and the fixed point is equidistant from the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. The temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature is fixed at the hollow position inside the rapid temperature change test chamber, and this temperature sensor neither contacts the wall of the rapid temperature change test chamber nor contacts the battery surface.

[0064] Further, the current detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA1, where the model of the dual operational amplifier CA1 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA1 includes two parts CA1A and CA1B) Among them, the 4th pin of CA1 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA1 is grounded through a resistor R7, and the 2nd pin of CA1 is also connected to the 1st pin through a resistor R8; the 1st pin of CA1 is connected to the CPU main control module through a resistor R9, (specifically connected to the 27th pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) One end of the resistor R9 connected to the CPU main control module is connected with a parallel branch, and this parallel branch includes C13, a voltage stabilizing diode D5, and a diode D6 that are connected in parallel with each other. The first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R9, and the second common end of the three is grounded; the 6th pin of CA1 is respectively connected to the 7th pin and the 3rd pin, and the 5th pin of CA1 is connected to the current sensor through a series branch composed of a resistor R4 and a resistor R6. One end of the resistor R4 connected to the current sensor is grounded through a capacitor C11, and one end of the resistor R4 connected to the resistor R6 is also grounded through a resistor R5; One end of the resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also grounded through a capacitor C12; One end of the resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also respectively connected to the anode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of the diode D4 is grounded.

[0065] The working principle of the current detection circuit is as follows: The detected charging current outputs a voltage signal 1 in the range of 0 - 5V in proportion through the Hall current sensor U2. The voltage signal 1 is stabilized through the capacitor C11. The voltage signal 1 is divided by the resistors R4 and R5 to become a voltage signal 2 in the range of 0 - 3V. The voltage signal 2 is filtered by the resistor R6 and the capacitor C12, and then the voltage signal 2 is clamped by the diodes D3 and D4 to make the voltage signal not lower than 0V and not higher than 5V. The voltage signal 2 becomes a voltage signal 3 through the voltage follower circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA1B. The voltage follower circuit realizes signal isolation and improves the load-carrying capacity of the signal. The voltage signal 3 becomes a voltage signal 4 through the operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA1A, R7, and R8, changing the voltage signal from the range of 0 - 3V to the range of 0 - 3.3V. The voltage signal 4 is filtered by the resistor R9 and the capacitor C13, and then the voltage signal 4 is clamped by the voltage stabilizing diode D5 and the diode D6 to make the voltage signal not lower than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 4 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0066] Further, the voltage detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA2, where the model of the dual operational amplifier CA2 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA2 includes two parts CA2A and CA2B) Among them, the 4th pin of CA2 is connected to the -15V power supply, and the 8th pin is connected to the +15V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA2 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R12 and R13, and the 2nd pin of CA2 is also connected to the 1st pin of CA2 through the resistor R14; the common connection point of the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 is connected to the Hall voltage sensor; the 1st pin of CA2 is connected to the 6th pin of CA2 through the resistor R17, the 6th pin of CA2 is connected to the 7th pin of CA2 through the resistor R18, and the 7th pin of CA2 is connected to the CPU main control module through two series-connected resistors R21 and R22, (specifically connected to the 24th pin of MM32F3273E7PV; ) the common connection point of the resistor R21 and the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C14, and one end of the resistor R22 connected to the CPU main control module is grounded through the parallel branch composed of the diodes D7 and D18; the 5th pin of CA2 is grounded through the parallel branch composed of the resistors R19 and R20, and the 3rd pin of CA2 is grounded through the parallel branch composed of the resistors R15 and R16.

[0067] The working principle of the voltage detection circuit is as follows: the battery voltage to be detected (voltage range 0 - 50V) is converted into a current signal 1 in the range of 0 - 10mA through R10 and R11. The current signal 1 is converted into a current signal 2 in the range of 0 - 25mA through the Hall voltage sensor U3. The current signal 2 is converted into a voltage signal 5 in the range of 0 - 3V through the resistor R12. The voltage signal 5 is converted into an inverted voltage signal 6 in the range of 0 - (-3.3V) through the inverting operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA2A, R13, R14, R15, and R16. The voltage signal 6 is converted into a non-inverted voltage signal 7 in the range of 0 - 3.3V through the inverting operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA2B, R17, R18, R19, and R20. The voltage signal 7 is filtered through the resistor-capacitor circuit composed of the resistors R21, R22, and the capacitor C14, and then the voltage signal 7 is clamped through the zener diode D7 and the diode D18, so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 7 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0068] Furthermore, the battery surface temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA3. Among them, the model of the dual operational amplifier CA3 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA3 includes two parts CA3A and CA3B;) Among them, the 4th pin of CA3 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA3 is connected to the 1st pin of CA3, the 1st pin of CA3 is connected to the 6th pin of CA3 through the resistor R25, and the 6th pin of CA3 is connected to the 7th pin of CA3 through the resistor R26; the 7th pin of CA3 is connected to the CPU main control module through the resistor R27, (specifically connected to the 23rd pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) One end of the resistor R27 connected to the CPU main control module is connected with a parallel branch. This parallel branch includes C17, zener diode D10, and diode D11 connected in parallel with each other. The first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R27, and the second common end of the three is grounded; after the resistors R23 and R24 are connected in series, the common end is connected to the 3rd pin of CA3. The free end of the resistor R23 is connected to +5V, and the free end of the resistor R24 is grounded;

[0069] The 5th pin of CA3 is respectively connected to the 1st pin of the dual operational amplifier CA5 through the resistor R59, and the 5th pin of CA3 is also grounded through the resistor R60; the model of the dual operational amplifier CA5 is LM358; the 4th pin of CA5 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA5 is connected to the 1st pin of CA5, the 3rd pin of CA5 is connected to the battery temperature sensor through the resistor R29, (the battery temperature sensor uses a PT1000 platinum thermal resistor,) the first end of the resistor R29 is grounded through the capacitor C15, and the second end of the resistor R29 is grounded through the capacitor C16; after the anode of the diode D8 is connected to the cathode of the diode D9, the common connection point is connected to the 3rd pin of CA5; the cathode of the diode D8 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of the diode D9 is grounded.

[0070] The working principle of the battery surface temperature detection circuit is as follows: A +5V reference voltage source 1 is generated by the reference voltage source chip U4. The +5V reference voltage source 1 powers the resistor R28 and the platinum resistance temperature sensor PE1 connected in series. A voltage signal 8 corresponding to the detected battery surface temperature is obtained from PE1 (in this system, the battery surface temperature range is 0 - 90 °C, and the output voltage signal range corresponding to PE1 is 2.5 - 2.9V). The voltage signal 8 is subjected to resistor-capacitor filtering through the capacitors C15, C16, and the resistor R29, and then the voltage signal 8 is clamped by the diodes D8 and D9 so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 5V. Then the voltage signal 8 becomes a voltage signal 9 through a voltage follower circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA5A. The voltage follower circuit realizes signal isolation and improves the load-carrying capacity of the signal. The +5V reference voltage source 1 generates a 2.5V voltage signal through the voltage division of the resistors R23 and R24. The 2.5V voltage signal realizes signal isolation and improves the load-carrying capacity of the signal through a voltage follower circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA3A. The voltage signal 9 and the 2.5V voltage signal are subtracted and amplified through an operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA3B, R25, R26, R59, and R60, and then the voltage signal 10 is output. The voltage signal 10 is subjected to resistor-capacitor filtering through the resistor R27 and the capacitor C17, and then the voltage signal 10 is clamped by the zener diode D10 and the diode D11 so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 10 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0071] Further, the ambient temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA4. Among them, the model of the dual operational amplifier CA4 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA4 includes two parts CA4A and CA4B;) among them, the 4th pin of CA4 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to the +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA4 is connected to the 1st pin of CA4, the 1st pin of CA4 is connected to the 6th pin of CA4 through a resistor R32, and the 6th pin of CA4 is connected to the 7th pin of CA4 through a resistor R33; the 7th pin of CA4 is connected to the CPU main control module through a resistor R34, (specifically connected to the 22nd pin of MM32F3273E7PV;) one end of the resistor R34 connected to the CPU main control module is connected with a parallel branch. This parallel branch includes C21, zener diode D14, and diode D15 connected in parallel with each other. The first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R34, and the second common end of the three is grounded; after the resistors R30 and R31 are connected in series, the series common end is connected to the 3rd pin of CA4. The free end of the resistor R30 is connected to +5V, and the free end of the resistor R31 is grounded; the 5th pin of CA4 is connected to the 7th pin of CA5 through a resistor R61, and the 7th pin of CA5 is connected to the 6th pin; the resistor R61 is also grounded through a resistor R62; after the anode of diode 12 is connected to the cathode of diode 13, the common connection point is connected to the 5th pin of CA5; the cathode of diode D12 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D13 is grounded; the 5th pin of CA5 is also connected to the ambient temperature sensor through a resistor R36, (the ambient temperature sensor uses a PT1000 platinum thermal resistor,) the first end of the resistor R36 is grounded through a capacitor C19, and the second end of the resistor R36 is grounded through a capacitor C20.

[0072] The working principle of the ambient temperature detection circuit is as follows: A +5V reference voltage source 2 is generated by the reference voltage source chip U5. The +5V reference voltage source 2 powers the resistor R35 and the platinum resistance temperature sensor PE2 connected in series. The voltage signal 11 corresponding to the detected ambient temperature is obtained from PE2 (in this system, the ambient temperature detection circuit is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. The temperature setting range of the rapid temperature change test chamber in the system is 0 - 50°C, and the output voltage signal range of PE2 is 2.5 - 2.72V). The voltage signal 11 is subjected to RC filtering through the capacitors C19, C20 and the resistor R36, and then the voltage signal 11 is clamped by the diodes D12 and D13 so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 5V. Then the voltage signal 11 becomes the voltage signal 12 through the voltage follower circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA5B. The voltage follower circuit realizes signal isolation and improves the load-carrying capacity of the signal. The +5V reference voltage source 2 generates a 2.5V voltage signal through the voltage division of the resistors R30 and R31. The 2.5V voltage signal realizes signal isolation and improves the load-carrying capacity of the signal through the voltage follower circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA4A. The voltage signal 12 and the 2.5V voltage signal are subtracted and amplified through the operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational amplifier CA4B, R32, R33, R61 and R62, and then the voltage signal 13 is output. The voltage signal 13 is subjected to RC filtering through the resistor R34 and the capacitor C21, and then the voltage signal 13 is clamped by the zener diode D14 and the diode D15 so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 13 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0073] Further, the battery charging control circuit includes an isolated power supply module P3, an optocoupler U11, an electromagnetic relay REL1, and an electromagnetic relay REL2;

[0074] The input terminal of the isolated power supply module P3 is connected to the 24V DC power supply through the isolation transformer LDM1, and a first π-type LC filter branch is arranged between the input terminal of the isolated power supply module P3 and the isolation transformer LDM1; the first π-type LC filter branch includes an inductor L3, a polarized capacitor E9 connected to the first end of the inductor L3, and a capacitor C33 connected to the second end of the inductor. The three form a π-type branch, and a capacitor C32 is connected in parallel with the polarized capacitor E9, and the capacitor C33 is connected in parallel with the polarized capacitor E10; the 4th pin of the isolated power supply module P3 is connected to the 8th pin and the 6th pin of the optocoupler U11 respectively after passing through the inductor L4, and the 3rd pin of the isolated power supply module P3 is connected to the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 and the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 respectively after passing through the inductor L5; a polarized capacitor is connected to both sides of the inductor L4 and the inductor L5. Among them, the positive pole of the polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of the inductor L4, and the negative pole of the polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of the inductor L5; the positive pole of the polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of the inductor L4, and the negative pole of the polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of the inductor L5;

[0075] The 1st pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R53, the 3rd pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R54, the 2nd pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the CPU main control module, (specifically connected to the 39th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV;); the 4th pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the CPU main control module, (specifically connected to the 38th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV;); the 5th pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2, the 7th pin of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1, and the 6th pin and the 8th pin of the optocoupler U11 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolated power supply module P3;

[0076] The 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 and the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolated power supply module P3;

[0077] The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port;

[0078] The 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2, and the 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the 1st pin of the current transformer U2. (The charging current needs to be detected through the current transformer U2. In the circuit diagram, the 1st pin of the external device interface PE4 is connected to the positive pole of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply. The direction of this current in the circuit is that it first passes through the 3rd and 4th pins of REL1, and then the 4th pin of REL1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2, that is, the current flows into the current transformer U2 from the 2nd pin and flows out from the 1st pin of the current transformer U2. The 1st pin of the current transformer U2 is then connected to the 3rd pin of the external device interface PE4.)

[0079] Specifically, the isolation power module P3 is of the model HLK-10D2424B, the optocoupler U11 is of the model TLP521, and the models of the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 are both T90-24VDC-TL-A-40A.

[0080] The working principle of the battery charging control circuit is as follows: The 1st and 3rd pins of the optocoupler U11 are pulled up to 3.3V through the resistors R53 and R54 respectively, and the 2nd and 4th pins of the optocoupler U11 are connected to the 39th and 38th pins of the MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the system does not charge the battery, the 39th and 38th pins of the MM32F3273E7PV output high level, and the control terminals of the optocoupler U11 are not conducting. When the system charges the battery, the 39th and 38th pins of the MM32F3273E7PV output low level, and the two control terminals of the optocoupler U11 conduct, making the 8th and 7th pins of the optocoupler U11 conduct, and also making the 6th and 5th pins of the optocoupler U11 conduct. Then, the internal coils of the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 close. The positive pole of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply is connected to the positive pole of the battery through the closed contact of REL1 and through the primary side of the current transformer U2 in the circuit. The negative pole of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply is connected to the negative pole of the battery through the closed contact of REL2.

[0081] Furthermore, the battery discharge control circuit includes that the 1st pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R55, the 3rd pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through the resistor R56, the 2nd pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to the 37th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV); the 4th pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to the 36th pin of the MM32F3273E7PV); the 5th pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL4, the 7th pin of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the 1st pin of the electromagnetic relay REL3, and the 6th and 8th pins of the optocoupler U12 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3;

[0082] Pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL3 and pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL4 are both connected to the second end of inductor L5 of isolation power supply module P3;

[0083] Pin 3 of electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and pin 3 of electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the battery;

[0084] Pin 4 of electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC electronic load, and pin 4 of electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC electronic load.

[0085] The working principle of the battery discharge control circuit is as follows: Pins 1 and 3 of optocoupler U12 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R55 and R56 respectively, and pins 2 and 4 of optocoupler U12 are connected to pins 37 and 36 of MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the battery does not discharge the programmable DC electronic load, pins 37 and 36 of MM32F3273E7PV output high level, and the control terminal of optocoupler U12 is not conducting. When the battery discharges the programmable DC electronic load, pins 37 and 36 of MM32F3273E7PV output low level, and the two control terminals of optocoupler U12 conduct, making pins 8 and 7 of optocoupler U12 conduct, and making pins 6 and 5 of optocoupler U12 conduct. Then, the internal coils of electromagnetic relays REL3 and REL4 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to electromagnetic relays REL3 and REL4 close. The positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC electronic load port through the closed contact of REL3, and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC electronic load port through the closed contact of REL4.

[0086] Furthermore, the battery internal resistance detection control circuit includes that pin 1 of optocoupler U13 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R57, pin 3 of optocoupler U13 is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R58, pin 2 of optocoupler U13 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 35 of MM32F3273E7PV); pin 4 of optocoupler U13 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 34 of MM32F3273E7PV); pin 5 of optocoupler U13 is connected to pin 1 of electromagnetic relay REL6, pin 7 of optocoupler U13 is connected to pin 1 of electromagnetic relay REL5, and pins 6 and 8 of optocoupler U13 are both connected to the second end of inductor L4 of isolation power supply module P3;

[0087] Pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL5 and pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL6 are both connected to the second end of inductor L5 of isolation power supply module P3;

[0088] Pin 3 of electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and pin 3 of electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the battery;

[0089] The 4th pin of electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester, and the 4th pin of electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0090] The working principle of the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is as follows: The 1st and 3rd pins of optocoupler U13 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R57 and R58 respectively, and the 2nd and 4th pins of optocoupler U13 are connected to the 35th and 34th pins of MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the battery internal resistance tester does not perform internal resistance detection on the battery, the 35th and 34th pins of MM32F3273E7PV output high level, and the control terminal of optocoupler U13 is not conducting. When the battery internal resistance tester performs internal resistance detection on the battery, the 35th and 34th pins of MM32F3273E7PV output low level, and the two control terminals of optocoupler U13 conduct, making the 8th and 7th pins of optocoupler U13 conduct, and making the 6th and 5th pins of optocoupler U13 conduct. Then, the internal coils of electromagnetic relays REL5 and REL6 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to electromagnetic relays REL5 and REL6 close. The positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester through the closed contact of REL5, and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester through the closed contact of REL6.

[0091] Specifically, the information of the main components and devices is as follows: The CPU selects a 32-bit microcontroller produced by Shanghai Lingdong Microelectronics Co., Ltd., with the model of MM32F3273E7PV. The current sensor selects a high-precision perforated Hall DC current transmitter produced by Hangzhou Miko Sensing Technology Co., Ltd., with the model of MIK-DJI-10A-V1-B4, the accuracy class is 0.2, and the output voltage signal is 0 - 5V. The voltage sensor selects a closed-loop Hall voltage sensor produced by Bell Technology Co., Ltd., with the model of CLSM-10MA, and the output current signal is 0 - 25mA. The temperature sensor selects a thin-film platinum resistance temperature sensor produced by Wuxi Zhongce Sensor Technology Co., Ltd., with the model of PT1000, the temperature detection range is -200°C to +600°C, and the temperature detection accuracy is 0.1°C. The LCD screen module selects a 128×128 dot matrix low-power consumption LCD screen produced by Shenzhen Jinglianxun Electronics Co., Ltd., with the model of JLX128128G-939-BN. The 24V power isolation module selects a product produced by Shenzhen Hailinke Electronics Co., Ltd., with the model of HLK-10D2424B. The relay selects a large-load normally open electromagnetic relay produced by Donghai County Tongling Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., with the model of T90-24VDC-TL-A-40A, and the maximum load current is 40A.

[0092] The programmable DC power supply selects the programmable DC power supply produced by Aipu Si Power Supply (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., model ADG-L-115-90, with an output voltage range of 0 to 115V, an output current range of 0 to 90A, a maximum output power of 10kW, having two power supply modes of constant voltage and constant current, with remote control function and RS485 interface. The battery internal resistance tester selects the high-precision battery internal resistance tester produced by Changzhou Tonghui Electronics Co., Ltd., model TH2523, with an impedance test accuracy of 0.1%, an impedance resolution of 1μΩ, an impedance test range of 1μΩ to 3.5kΩ, a test speed of 50 times per second, with remote control function and interfaces such as RS485 and RS232. The programmable DC electronic load selects the multi-channel programmable DC electronic load produced by Enzhi (Shanghai) Measurement and Control Technology Co., Ltd., model N61102-150-120, having four working modes of constant voltage, constant current, constant power and constant load, with remote control function and RS485 interface. The rapid temperature change test chamber selects the rapid temperature change test chamber produced by Guangzhou Spike Environmental Instruments Co., Ltd., model QTH0270W15, with an internal nominal volume of 225 liters, a temperature control range of -70 to +150°C, and an average temperature rise speed and an average temperature drop speed of 15°C / min in the temperature range of -55 to +70°C.

[0093] The working principle of the energy storage battery detection and repair system is as follows: When the system is working, first manually set the internal temperature of the rapid temperature change test chamber, and wait for the battery to stand still in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature of the battery and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than the set temperature difference threshold before proceeding to the next step. The surface temperature of the battery is detected by the temperature sensor fixed on the battery surface and the battery surface temperature detection circuit, and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is detected by the temperature sensor fixed at the hollow position inside the rapid temperature change test chamber and the ambient temperature detection circuit. Then the battery is discharged through the battery discharge control circuit and the programmable DC electronic load. The CPU main control module controls the working mode and working parameters of the programmable DC electronic load through the 485 communication circuit, and controls the on-off between the ports of the programmable DC electronic load and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery through the battery discharge control circuit. During the discharge process, the battery voltage is detected. When the battery voltage drops to the set cut-off voltage, the discharge stops. The CPU main control module detects the battery voltage through the Hall voltage sensor and the voltage detection circuit. After the battery discharge is completed, the CPU main control module reads the internal resistance value of the battery detected by the battery internal resistance tester through the 485 communication circuit, and controls the on-off between the test port of the battery internal resistance tester and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery through the battery internal resistance detection control circuit. Then the battery is repaired and charged through the programmable DC power supply. The CPU main control module controls the working mode and working parameters of the programmable DC power supply through the 485 communication circuit, controls the on-off between the charging port of the programmable DC power supply and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery through the battery charging control circuit, and realizes the high-precision detection of the charging current through the current sensor and the current detection circuit. The CPU main control module controls the operation of the peripheral devices according to the needs of different detection modes and repair modes, calculates parameter values such as the charging amount, discharge amount, and Coulomb efficiency of the battery, and diagnoses and classifies the battery.

[0094] Among them, the functions and roles of each circuit: The current detection circuit is used to accurately detect the charging current of the battery, and the voltage detection circuit is used to accurately detect the voltage of the battery. The charging amount obtained by the battery during the charging process can be calculated through the charging current value and the battery voltage value.

[0095] The battery surface temperature detection circuit is used to detect the surface temperature of the battery, and the ambient temperature detection circuit is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. Since some steps in the detection and repair process need to be carried out under the condition that the temperature difference between the battery temperature and the ambient temperature is less than a certain set temperature difference threshold, the battery temperature value and the ambient temperature value need to be detected through the battery surface temperature detection circuit and the ambient temperature detection circuit.

[0096] During the detection and repair process, the battery needs to work in the charging mode, discharging mode, and internal resistance detection mode respectively. In these modes, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery need to be separately connected to the corresponding ports of the programmable DC power supply, programmable DC electronic load, and battery internal resistance tester. The on-off of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery with these peripheral device ports needs to be controlled through the battery charging control circuit, battery discharging control circuit, and battery internal resistance detection control circuit. Among them, the battery charging control circuit is used to control the on-off between the charging port of the programmable DC power supply and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, the battery discharging control circuit is used to control the on-off between the port of the programmable DC electronic load and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is used to control the on-off between the test port of the battery internal resistance tester and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. Since the detection, repair, and testing of the battery need to be completed under constant temperature conditions, and different temperature conditions need to be set according to different test methods, the battery needs to be placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber.

[0097] The technical descriptions of each module are as follows:

[0098] The CPU circuit is the core of the controller, including the CPU chip, program download circuit, manual reset circuit, and power conversion circuit. The work completed by this part of the circuit includes collecting various physical signals, controlling the operation of peripheral devices according to the needs of different detection modes and repair modes, calculating parameter values such as the charging amount, discharging amount, and Coulomb efficiency of the battery, diagnosing and classifying the battery, etc. Among them, the power conversion circuit changes the power supply from 24V to 5V and changes 5V to 3.3V.

[0099] The current detection circuit samples the charging current proportionally through a Hall current sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0100] The voltage detection circuit samples the voltage of the battery proportionally through a Hall voltage sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0101] The battery surface temperature detection circuit samples the temperature of the battery surface proportionally through a temperature sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0102] The ambient temperature detection circuit samples the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber proportionally through a temperature sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0103] The battery charging control circuit outputs a control signal through the IO port of the CPU. After being isolated by an optocoupler, it controls whether the control terminal coil of the relay is powered on, thereby controlling the on / off between the positive and negative poles of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply and the positive and negative poles of the battery.

[0104] The battery discharging control circuit outputs a control signal through the IO port of the CPU. After being isolated by an optocoupler, it controls whether the control terminal coil of the relay is powered on, thereby controlling the on / off between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the programmable DC electronic load port.

[0105] The battery internal resistance detection control circuit outputs a control signal through the IO port of the CPU. After being isolated by an optocoupler, it controls whether the control terminal coil of the relay is powered on, thereby controlling the on / off between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0106] Among them, the 24V power supply for the control terminal of the relay is electrically isolated from the 24V power supply in the controller circuit through a power isolation circuit.

[0107] The functions of the keyboard and LCD display circuit are to set the system initial parameters and control parameters, and view various physical quantities and various results reflecting the system working status. Among them, in the keyboard circuit, the CPU identifies the triggered keys in the way of external interrupt and scanning, and in the LCD display circuit, the CPU controls the content displayed on the LCD screen in the way of serial synchronous communication.

[0108] The function of the 485 communication circuit is that the CPU can set the working parameters of peripheral devices such as the programmable DC power supply in real time through this communication circuit.

[0109] The calendar clock circuit is used to provide the CPU with real-time date and time values, and provide accurate time for various parameter changes occurring in the system.

[0110] The data storage circuit is used to store various initial parameter setting values and record the key working state parameter values of the system for reading and use when the power is restored after a power outage.

[0111] In each circuit diagram, P1 is a power module that converts 24V DC power to 5V DC power, P2 is a power module that converts 5V DC power to 3.3V DC power, and P3 is a 24V DC power isolation module.

[0112] PE1 to PE6 are external device interfaces. PE1 is the interface for the temperature sensor PT1000 that measures the surface temperature of the battery. PE2 is the interface for the temperature sensor PT1000 that measures the ambient temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. PE3 is a 485 bus communication interface, which is simultaneously connected to the 485 interfaces of the programmable DC power supply, programmable DC electronic load, and battery internal resistance tester. PE4 is the interface where the battery charging control circuit is respectively connected to the control programmable DC power supply and the battery. Among them, pin 1 and pin 2 of PE4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the charging port of the control programmable DC power supply, and pin 3 and pin 4 of PE4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery. PE5 is the interface where the battery discharge control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and the programmable DC electronic load. Among them, pin 1 and pin 2 of PE5 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, and pin 3 and pin 4 of PE5 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the two ports of the programmable DC electronic load. PE6 is the interface where the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is respectively connected to the battery and the battery internal resistance tester. Among them, pin 1 and pin 2 of PE6 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, and pin 3 and pin 4 of PE6 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0113] The connector J1 is the DC power supply interface for the controller, J2 is the program download interface for the CPU, and the connector J5 is a 5×5 keyboard interface.

[0114] The connector J3 is the battery voltage signal input interface. Pin 1 of J3 is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and pin 2 of J3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery.

[0115] U2 is a Hall current sensor. Pin 1 of U2 is the current output terminal, pin 2 of U2 is the current input terminal. Pin 1 of U2 is connected to pin 3 of PE4, and pin 2 of U2 is connected to pin 4 of REL1.

[0116] R4, R5, R7, R8, R12 to R20, R23 to R26, R28, R30 to R33, R35, R37, R38 are precision resistors with an accuracy of 0.05%. Among them, the resistance values of R7, R17 to R20, R23 to R25, R30 to R32 are 10 kΩ, the resistance value of R4 is 20 kΩ, the resistance values of R5, R13, R15, R38 are 30 kΩ, the resistance values of R8, R28, R35 are 1 kΩ, the resistance value of R12 is 120 Ω, the resistance values of R14, R16 are 33 kΩ, the resistance values of R26, R33 are 130 kΩ, and the resistance value of R37 is 3 kΩ.

[0117] LDM1 is a common mode inductor used to suppress the common mode electromagnetic interference signals in the power supply, and the inductance value is 10 mH.

[0118] The light-emitting diode LED1 (red) is the power indicator of the controller. When it is lit, it indicates that the controller is powered on. When it is extinguished, it indicates that the controller stops being powered.

[0119] The controller in this utility model can detect that the maximum voltage value of the battery is 50V and the maximum current value is 10A. If it is necessary to detect batteries with higher voltages or larger currents, it can be achieved by selecting voltage sensors and current sensors with larger ranges.

[0120] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, rather than to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; thus, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. Energy storage battery detection and repair system, characterized by: It includes CPU main control module, current detection circuit, voltage detection circuit, battery surface temperature detection circuit, ambient temperature detection circuit, battery charging control circuit, battery discharging control circuit, battery internal resistance detection control circuit, keyboard and LCD display circuit, 485 communication circuit, calendar clock circuit, and data storage circuit; The CPU main control module is respectively connected to the current detection circuit, the voltage detection circuit, the battery surface temperature detection circuit, the ambient temperature detection circuit, the battery charging control circuit, the battery discharging control circuit, the battery internal resistance detection control circuit, the keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, the 485 communication circuit, the calendar clock circuit, and the data storage circuit; The current detection circuit is connected to a current sensor, and the current sensor is used to detect the current of the energy storage battery; The voltage detection circuit is connected to the Hall voltage sensor; The ambient temperature detection circuit is connected to an ambient temperature sensor, which is used to detect the temperature in the rapid temperature change test box; The battery surface temperature detection circuit is connected to a battery temperature sensor, and the battery temperature sensor is used to detect the battery surface temperature; The battery discharge control circuit is connected to the battery and the programmable DC electronic load respectively, and is used to control the connection and disconnection between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrodes of the programmable DC electronic load port; The battery internal resistance detection control circuit is connected to the battery and the battery internal resistance tester respectively, and is used for connecting and disconnecting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrodes of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester; The battery charging control circuit is connected to the battery and the programmable DC power supply respectively, and is used to control the connection and disconnection between the positive and negative electrodes of the programmable DC power supply charging port and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is placed at the center of a rapid temperature change test chamber. The power cord and signal cord entering the rapid temperature change test chamber pass through the dedicated channel opening on the side of the rapid temperature change test chamber. The temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the battery is fixed on the surface of the battery and does not contact the wall of the rapid temperature change test chamber: for square batteries and soft-pack batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed at the center of the side with the largest surface area of ​​the battery; for cylindrical batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed on the cylindrical surface, and the fixed point is equidistant from the positive and negative poles of the battery; the temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature is fixed in the hollow position inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. The temperature sensor can neither contact the wall of the rapid temperature change test chamber nor the surface of the battery.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA1, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA1 is LM358; wherein the 4th pin of CA1 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to a +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA1 is grounded through a resistor R7, and the 2nd pin of CA1 is also connected to the 1st pin of CA1 through a resistor R8; the 1st pin of CA1 is connected to the CPU main control module through a resistor R9, and one end of the resistor R9 connected to the CPU main control module is connected to a parallel branch, and the parallel branch includes capacitors C13, a voltage stabilizing diode D5, and a diode D6 connected in parallel, and the first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R9 , the second common terminals of the three are grounded; pin 6 of CA1 is connected to pin 7 and pin 3 respectively, pin 5 of CA1 is connected to the current sensor through a series branch composed of resistor R4 and resistor R6, the end of resistor R4 connected to the current sensor is grounded through capacitor C11, and the end of resistor R4 connected to resistor R6 is also grounded through resistor R5; the end of resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also grounded through capacitor C12; the end of resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also connected to the anode of diode D3 and the cathode of diode D4 respectively, the cathode of diode D3 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D4 is grounded.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA2, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA2 is LM358; wherein the 4th pin of CA2 is connected to a -15V power supply, and the 8th pin is connected to a +15V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA2 is grounded through a resistor R12 and a resistor R13 connected in series, and the 2nd pin of CA2 is also connected to the 1st pin of CA2 through a resistor R14; the common connection point of the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 is connected to the Hall voltage sensor; the 1st pin of CA2 is connected to the 6th pin of CA2 through a resistor R17, and the 6th pin of CA2 is connected to the Hall voltage sensor; The pin is connected to the 7th pin of CA2 through the resistor R18, and the 7th pin of CA2 is connected to the CPU main control module through two resistors R21 and R22 connected in series. The common connection point of the resistor R21 and the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C14, and the end of the resistor R22 connected to the CPU main control module is grounded through the parallel branch composed of diodes D7 and D18; the 5th pin of CA2 is grounded through the parallel branch composed of resistors R19 and R20, and the 3rd pin of CA2 is grounded through the parallel branch composed of resistors R15 and R16.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery surface temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA3, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA3 is LM358; wherein the 4th pin of CA3 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to a +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA3 is connected to the 1st pin of CA3, the 1st pin of CA3 is connected to the 6th pin of CA3 through a resistor R25, and the 6th pin of CA3 is connected to the 7th pin of CA3 through a resistor R26; the 7th pin of CA3 is connected to the CPU main control module through a resistor R27, and one end of the resistor R27 connected to the CPU main control module is connected to a parallel branch, and the parallel branch includes capacitors C17, a voltage stabilizing diode D10, and a diode D11 connected in parallel, the first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R27, and the second common end of the three is grounded; after the resistor R23 is connected in series with the resistor R24, the common end Connected to pin 3 of CA3, the free end of resistor R23 is connected to +5V, and the free end of resistor R24 ​​is grounded; pin 5 of CA3 is connected to pin 1 of dual operational amplifier CA5 through resistor R59, and pin 5 of CA3 is also grounded through resistor R60; the model of dual operational amplifier CA5 is LM358; pin 4 of CA5 is grounded, and pin 8 is connected to +5V power supply; pin 2 of CA5 is connected to pin 1 of CA5, and pin 3 of CA5 is connected to the battery temperature sensor through resistor R29, the first end of resistor R29 is grounded through capacitor C15, and the second end of resistor R29 is grounded through capacitor C16; after the anode of diode D8 is connected to the cathode of diode D9, the common connection point is connected to pin 3 of CA5; the cathode of diode D8 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D9 is grounded.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ambient temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA4, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA4 is LM358; wherein the 4th pin of CA4 is grounded, and the 8th pin is connected to a +5V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA4 is connected to the 1st pin of CA4, the 1st pin of CA4 is connected to the 6th pin of CA4 through a resistor R32, and the 6th pin of CA4 is connected to the 7th pin of CA4 through a resistor R33; the 7th pin of CA4 is connected to the CPU main control module through a resistor R34, and one end of the resistor R34 connected to the CPU main control module is connected to a parallel branch, and the parallel branch includes capacitors C21, a voltage stabilizing diode D14, and a diode D15 connected in parallel, and the first common end of the three is connected to the resistor R34, and the second common end of the three is connected to the resistor R34. end is grounded; after resistor R30 and resistor R31 are connected in series, the series common end is connected to pin 3 of CA4, the free end of resistor R30 is connected to +5V, and the free end of resistor R31 is grounded; pin 5 of CA4 is connected to pin 7 of CA5 through resistor R61, and pin 7 of CA5 is connected to pin 6; resistor R61 is also grounded through resistor R62; after the anode of diode 12 is connected to the cathode of diode 13, the common connection point is connected to pin 5 of CA5; the cathode of diode D12 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D13 is grounded; pin 5 of CA5 is also connected to the ambient temperature sensor through resistor R36, the first end of resistor R36 is grounded through capacitor C19, and the second end of resistor R36 is grounded through capacitor C20.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery charging control circuit includes an isolation power supply module P3, an optical coupler U11, an electromagnetic relay REL1, and an electromagnetic relay REL2; The input end of the isolation power module P3 is connected to a 24V DC power supply through an isolation transformer LDM1, and a first π-type LC filter branch is provided between the input end of the isolation power module P3 and the isolation transformer LDM1; the first π-type LC filter branch includes an inductor L3, a polarized capacitor E9 connected to the first end of the inductor L3, and a capacitor C33 connected to the second end of the inductor, the three forming a π-type branch, and the polarized capacitor E9 is connected in parallel with a capacitor C32, and the capacitor C33 is connected in parallel with the polarized capacitor E10; the 4th foot of the isolation power module P3 is connected through the inductor L4 After that, they are respectively connected to the 8th and 6th pins of the optocoupler U11; the 3rd pin of the isolation power module P3 is respectively connected to the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 and the 2nd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 through the inductor L5; a polarized capacitor is respectively connected to both sides of the inductor L4 and the inductor L5, wherein the positive electrode of the polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of the inductor L4, and the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of the inductor L5; the positive electrode of the polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of the inductor L4, and the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of the inductor L5; Pin 1 of the optocoupler U11 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R53, pin 3 of the optocoupler U11 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R54, pin 2 of the optocoupler U11 is connected to a CPU main control module, pin 4 of the optocoupler U11 is connected to a CPU main control module, pin 5 of the optocoupler U11 is connected to pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL2, pin 7 of the optocoupler U11 is connected to pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL1, and pins 6 and 8 of the optocoupler U11 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3; Pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL1 and pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL2 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolation power module P3; The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the positive pole of the program-controlled DC power supply charging port, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the negative pole of the program-controlled DC power supply charging port; The 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2, and the 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the 1st pin of the current transformer U2.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery discharge control circuit includes: Pin 1 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R55, Pin 3 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R56, Pin 2 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to a CPU main control module, Pin 4 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to a CPU main control module, Pin 5 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to Pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL4, Pin 7 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to Pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL3, and Pins 6 and 8 of the optocoupler U12 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3; Pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL3 and pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL4 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolation power module P3; The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the battery; The 4th foot of the electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the program-controlled DC electronic load, and the 4th foot of the electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the program-controlled DC electronic load.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery internal resistance detection control circuit includes: Pin 1 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R57, Pin 3 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R58, Pin 2 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a CPU main control module, Pin 4 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a CPU main control module, Pin 5 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to Pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL6, Pin 7 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to Pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL5, and Pins 6 and 8 of the optocoupler U13 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3; Pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL5 and pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL6 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolation power module P3; The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the battery; The 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester, and the 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

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